JPS5932174B2 - Impact treatment method and device for condensed substances - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for impact treatment of solid or liquid condensed substances, and more particularly, to an improved impact treatment method of condensed substances using explosion of explosives. and devices.

Conventionally, as a method for compressing condensed substances using explosives or explosion impact of explosives, for example, US Pat. No. 323
Diamond manufacturing method described in No. 8019, Special Publication No. 1973
- Powder densification method described in No. 1952, Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-3
Processing method for solid materials described in No. 4597, Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-3
The method for producing brittle crystal powder described in No. 378 is known, and some of these methods have also been put into practical use industrially in Japan, such as in metal compression molding.

At present, various unresolved problems remain in such conventional impact treatment methods for condensed substances.

One of them is the problem of the temperature increase of the sample due to impact compression.

That is, in general, the energy of impact compression (internal energy) can be roughly divided into potential energy that shortens the distance between particles of the material that makes up the sample, and thermal energy that causes particles to move irregularly. Compressing the substance, the latter heats up and increases its temperature.

Under low impact pressures, at which the material begins to undergo plastic deformation, the proportion of thermal energy is almost negligible, and therefore the rise in temperature can be ignored, but as the pressure increases, the proportion of thermal energy, and hence the temperature, increases exponentially. Also, since impact compression is irreversible compression, a portion of the impact energy remains in the sample as thermal energy even after the pressure of the sample is released and returned to atmospheric pressure to the extent that entropy increases.

For this reason, the sample remains in a hot state, and the temperature of the remaining sample at this time is called the residual temperature, which is distinguished from the temperature under shock pressure, that is, the shock temperature mentioned above.

Generally, the residual temperature is lower than the impact temperature, but the residual temperature also increases exponentially as the impact pressure increases.

Temperature rise due to shock compression of substances (shock temperature/residual temperature)
For example, if the impact properties of the material are known,
The method described by Mr. Altschler's Journal of Applied Physics Vol. Year)
It can be calculated by the method described in No. 7, pages 1253 to 1269.

For example, in the case of true density lead, according to Altschuler,
The proportion of thermal energy to the total impact energy under 1 megabar impact compression is approximately 50%, and according to Mr. McQueen, under the same conditions, the impact temperature and residual temperature are 9218° and 1813°, respectively. The density increase is calculated to be 1615 times.

Lead is a highly dense material that cannot be compressed (i.e., impact-in
It is one of the substances with high pedance.

In the case of a material with low impact impedance, for example, to compress sodium chloride (single crystal) with a true density (2,16'?/cut) to the same degree of compression, that is, 1.615 times the density, Los Alamos Mikokugo According to Nioteta Collection (written by Niss P. Marsh, University of California Press), it requires an impact pressure of about 350 kilobars, and also by Mr. Batsuanov (Behavior of Density Media Under Bidynamic Pressure, Gorton and Breech, 1968). According to the annual publication, p. 374), under the same conditions, the impact temperature and residual temperature were 1200 to 2100°C, respectively.
It is reported to be 500-750°C.

According to Mr. McQueen, when lead is compressed to the same pressure (350 kbar), the shock temperature and residual temperature are respectively 1070 ~
It is calculated to be 1587°C and 327-429°C.

Batsuanov et al. also found that porous sodium chloride,
That is, impact compression was performed on samples with 77% and 66% of the true density, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.

It must be kept in mind that the temperatures in Table 1 indicate average temperatures, and that in the case of non-uniform porous materials, high temperature areas that far exceed the average temperature may occur at contact points between particles.

As explained above using examples, impact compression is always accompanied by an increase in the temperature of the sample, and the temperature increase is significant for materials with low impact impedance or porous materials.

There is a possibility that the sample melts, vaporizes, or thermally decomposes under the impact temperature or residual temperature, which causes the inconvenience that impact treatment cannot be performed above a predetermined pressure.

In particular, for residual temperature, the duration of shock temperature is approximately 10-5 to 1
Although it varies depending on the ambient conditions, the distillation time is about 10-1 to 1 second, so at high temperatures, it may not only react with the sample but also react with the sample container or melt it. In addition, the internal pressure of the sample container increases due to vaporization or decomposition gas of the sample, causing many problems such as damage to the container.

Among conventional methods for suppressing temperature rise, the simplest method is to increase the initial density of the sample as much as possible.

Another method is called impact impedance mismatching, in which a powder or thin plate sample is mixed with a substance whose impact impedance is sufficiently higher than the sample, and the powder is mixed and press-molded, and the plate is sandwiched. There is a method of stacking layers on top of each other to create a composite, and applying impact pressure to this.

An example of this is the method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-10558 (1986), a method for producing synthetic diamonds, in which a sample, that is, graphite powder, is mixed and press-molded with copper or iron powder, which has a much higher impact impedance. The idea is to obtain a composite, apply shock to it, suppress the temperature, and increase the yield of diamond formation.

In an impact impedance mismatched body, the pressure is in equilibrium for each phase, so high pressure can be easily obtained, but the temperature is different for each phase, and the high impedance phase is at a low temperature, so the cooling effect of the low impedance phase occurs during the pressure release process. It is characterized by the occurrence of

In the case of this method of increasing the initial density of the sample, if the sample is a metal with a low melting point and easy to cast, such as aluminum or lead, or an organic or inorganic substance with a low melting point, or a liquid, The true density or something close to it can be easily obtained with metal oxides such as aluminum oxide, carbides, nitrides, borides, silicides, ferrites, titanates, or molybdenum, tungsten, aluminum, Generally speaking, it is difficult to obtain a sample of carbon and other substances with high melting points having a true density or a predetermined shape close to the true density.

For this reason, methods to obtain materials close to true density have been used, such as press-molding the single material or mixing a small amount of additives as a binder, or sintering, but these methods require a complicated sample preparation process and are expensive. Not only this, but the additives often have a negative effect on the impact treatment as impurities, or remain in the sample as they are, causing problems.

Furthermore, even in the case of the impedance mismatching method, a high impedance medium not only tends to become an impurity in the sample but is generally undesirable in many cases.

For example, in the diamond synthesis described above, it requires a great deal of expense and time to remove copper powder from an impact-treated sample.

The main purpose of the present invention is to suppress the temperature rise of the sample that occurs due to impact compression. A layer of explosives provided in the axial direction is detonated so that the detonation point continuously moves in the axial direction to shock-compress the material, and a projectile driven by another explosive gas collides with the material in the axial direction. A condensed system characterized in that, when the substance is impact-compressed by colliding so that points move continuously, the impact compression due to the explosion of the explosive layer is made to precede the impact compression due to the impact of the projectile. A method for high pressure impact compaction processing of materials is provided.

Further, according to a second aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for implementing the above method is provided.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the impact compression treatment apparatus according to the present invention in an elevational cross section, and in the figure, 1 is a sample of a liquid or solid condensed substance to be subjected to compression treatment. , is housed in a cylindrical metal container 2.

Reference numerals 3 and 4 indicate the stoppers of the container 2. A cylindrical flying member 5 is installed concentrically with the container 2 with a gap 6 therebetween.

A main explosive layer 9 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the flying member 5,
Due to this explosive force, the flying member 5 flies toward the container at high speed and collides with it, causing impact compression of the sample 1 inside.

This main explosive layer 9 was provided at the upper end.

The detonator is detonated by the detonator consisting of the detonator layer 10 of the detonators 11 and 9, and the explosion occurs continuously from the upper end (the end on the detonator side) toward the lower end.

Reference numeral 32 denotes a sub-explosive layer provided on the outer circumferential surface of the container 2, which is detonated from the upper end (end on the detonation side) by collision with the flying member 5 and explodes continuously toward the lower end.

In order to prevent the secondary explosive layer 32 from being directly detonated by the explosion of the primary explosive layer 10, a separating plate 29 such as a wooden board is inserted between the secondary explosive layer 32 and the primary explosive layer 10.

Reference numerals 21 to 26 are means for preventing damage to the container provided at both ends of the container 2, and their functions will be described later.

Note that this damage prevention means can also be omitted.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of the impact treatment in progress by the apparatus of FIG. 1, and the operation of the present invention will be explained with reference to this diagram.

As described above, the upper end surface of the main explosive 9 is detonated by the detonator layer 10, and the detonation wave advances toward the lower end, and at this time, the flying member 5 is driven and contracted into the cavity 6, and the tubular sub-explosive layer 3
As a result of colliding with the upper part of the container 2, it is detonated, and the explosion proceeds downward, contracting the container 2 and impact-compressing the sample 1 inside.

In this case, the downward moving speed vp of the collision point at which the flying member 5 collides with the sub-explosive layer 32 is the explosive speed D2 of the sub-explosive layer 32.
If it is smaller, the impact compression due to the explosion of the sub-explosive layer 32 always precedes the impact compression due to the impact of the flying member 5.

Therefore, after the flying member 5 collides with the sub-explosive layer 32 for the first time, the flying member 5 collides with the explosive gas produced by the sub-explosive layer 32, and at this time, the kinetic energy of the flying member 5 is sufficiently larger than the expansion energy of the explosive gas. If so, the flying member 5 can sufficiently compress the sample inside, and the sample is subjected to impact compression in two stages.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing such a two-stage compression process, where Q and Z indicate the detonation wavefront of the main explosive layer 9 and the sub-explosive layer 32, respectively, and Y and P indicate the detonation wavefront of the sub-explosive layer 32, respectively. The shock wave front in the sample caused by the explosion and the shock wave front caused by the collision of the flying member 5 are shown.

In a steady state, the downward traveling speed of the shock wave front Y is equal to the detonation speed D2 of the sub-explosive layer 32, while the downward traveling speed of the shock wave front P is the moving speed of the impact point of the flying member 5 on the container. vp, and this is the explosion speed D1 of the main explosive layer 9
is also equal to

The sample 1 is first compressed weakly by the shock wave caused by the secondary explosive 32, and then strongly compressed by the shock wave caused by the flying member 5.

For example, in the case of a powder sample, it is compressed to near true density in the first stage and high-pressure impact compacted in the second stage.

By performing the low-pressure compression in the second stage and then the high-pressure compression in the second stage, the temperature rise of the sample can be minimized.

This can be explained theoretically as follows.

In other words, the apparent density is ρ.

Internal energy per unit mass of a substance when compressing a substance with an impact pressure of Pl to ρ1, which corresponds to almost the true density, and then compressing it in two steps to a density ρ2 with an impact pressure of P2 (P2)Pl) If the amount of increase in is ΔE2, and the amount of increase in internal energy when compressing from ρoo to ρ2 with an impact pressure of P2 in one stage compression is ΔE1, equation (1) holds true from the energy conservation equation in impact compression.

In equation (1), (ρ2
-ρ]) is small, so if it is approximated by ρ2-ρ1, force 2) is established.

The internal energy change is approximately proportional to the temperature change of the substance, and since P2 is usually more than an order of magnitude larger than Pl, the formula (2
), it is theoretically proven that the temperature rise is much smaller in the two-stage compression method than in the single-stage compression method.

In order to apply a uniform compression process to the entire sample in the axial direction, it is preferable to keep the distance between the shock wave fronts P and Y constant during the progress of the shock compression.

This is V as the sub-explosive layer 32, that is, the detonation velocity D of the main explosive layer 9.
1, i.e., D1=D2,
This is also possible by shifting the phase of the shock wave incident on the sample.

Specifically, in FIG. 1, the upper side of the sub-explosive layer 32, preferably up to the position of the stopper 4, is formed of an explosive having a detonation velocity greater than V, (i.e., vl), and the lower side, Preferably, by configuring the portion below the stopper 4 with an explosive having the same detonation velocity as Vp (ie, Vl), a steady shock wave propagates within the sample at a fixed distance.

The distance between these shock waves is the length of the upper high detonation velocity part of the sub-explosive layer 32, and is equal to the detonation velocity.

If so, it is approximately given by L x (1-D1/Do),
It is practically sufficient to design this value to be about 0.5 to 2 times the sample diameter.

Each part constituting the compression processing apparatus of the present invention will be explained next.

As the sub-explosive layer 32 for first-stage compression, it is desirable to use an explosive that has good detonation properties and good propagation properties, and has as small a layer thickness as possible to limit explosion propagation.

Such explosives include pentolith, hexogen,
Single high-performance explosives such as tetryl, mixtures of these high-performance explosives, or mixtures of these high-performance explosive powders molded with silicone rubber, butadiene rubber, urethane, etc., or nitric acid and flammable liquids and solids soluble in it. Although liquid explosives such as solutions can be used, explosives made by mixing and molding pentolith with resin such as silicone rubber have excellent detonation and explosive conductivity.
It also has the advantage of being easy to control the explosive speed.

Further, the lateral thickness of the sub-explosive layer 32 is at least about the same as the diameter of the sample, and is greater than the explosion propagation limit layer thickness.

A disk-shaped explosive is usually used as the explosive in the priming layer 10, and there are no particular restrictions on its type, but it is preferable to use one with as small an explosion propagation limit layer thickness as possible because the amount of explosive can be reduced. Regarding the third main explosive layer 9, there is no particular restriction on the type of charge, but if the detonation velocity is greater than that of the sub-explosive layer 32, the two-stage impact compression treatment described above becomes difficult, which is not desirable.

It will be easy for those skilled in the art to select an appropriate type of drug depending on the purpose of treatment.

The horizontal layer thickness of the main explosive layer 9 is such that the flying member 5 is
Since it is necessary to deflate the explosive gas in step 2, the efficiency with which the explosion energy of the main explosive layer 9 is converted into kinetic energy to the flying member is approximately 20%, and the ratio per unit volume of the main explosive layer and the sub-explosive layer is Assuming that the generated explosive energy is the same, it is preferably at least five times the lateral layer thickness of the sub-explosive layer 32.

When the thickness of the main explosive layer 9 is 10 mvt or more, if a concentric line detonation method as shown in Fig. 1 is used as the detonator, the detonation wave will be spherical and it will be difficult to uniformly accelerate the flight tube. be.

In such a case, as shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable to use a planar detonation wave generator 30 as the detonator and detonate the entire upper end face perpendicular to the axis of the main explosive layer 9 at the same time.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the side surface of the main explosive layer 9 is surrounded by a thin explosive layer 28 with a higher detonation velocity, and the main explosive layer 9 is detonated by this high detonation velocity explosive layer 28, as shown in FIG. As shown, the detonation wavefront Q due to the main explosive layer 9 can be made to have an angle of θ (θ<90°) with respect to the flying member 5.

(The detonation speeds of the main explosive 9 and the high detonation velocity explosive 28 are each D2.
If Dl, it is expressed as θ-5in' (D2/D1).

) In general, the smaller the angle formed by the detonation wave front and the object accelerated thereby, the better the efficiency of acceleration becomes, and it is possible to obtain a flying object at higher speed.

Therefore, even without using a high-performance explosive as the main explosive layer, by providing the high-explosive-velocity explosive layer 28, ultra-high pressure compression processing becomes possible.

Note that in the method shown in FIG. 4, it is difficult to reduce θ to about 13° or less due to problems specific to explosives in practical use.

As shown in FIG. 6, by forming the main explosive layer 9 in FIG. 4 by uniformly reducing the layer thickness from the upper end to the lower end,
θ can be less than 13°, and in some cases 0.

In this case, θ is θ=δ−cos′ (D2/D1
).

However, Dl and D2 are as described above, and δ is the high-velocity explosive layer 2.
8 and the detonation speed of the main explosive layer 9 are shown.

The layer thickness of the high detonation velocity explosive layer 28 is usually preferably 10 m or less, and it is preferable to use a type of explosive having a detonation velocity of s hm/m/ or more and a small explosion propagation limit layer thickness.

Examples of such things include silicone rubber, fine powder of high explosives such as pentolith or hexogen, etc.
Examples include those mixed and molded with plastics and resins such as urethane rubber.

It is also possible to use liquid explosives.

In addition to wood, the isolation member 29 used in the embodiments shown in Figures 1.3.4 and 6 may include plastic, plaster, sand, etc.
Paper etc. can be applied.

The material of the flying member 5 is not particularly limited, but steel or brass is preferable from the viewpoint of economy and workability.

Further, the wall thickness of the flying member 5 is a factor that determines the flying speed of the flying member 5 due to an explosion, and in practical terms, it is at least 0.
It is preferable that the number is 5 or more.

The sample container 2 and its stoppers 3 and 4 are preferably constructed of a metal with high strength, and in practice, high-tensile steel such as stainless steel is desirable.

It is preferable that the wall thickness of the container 2 is thicker from the viewpoint of preventing breakage, but this increases the impact energy consumed in deforming the container.
From this point of view, it is preferable that the container be thin, since the sample processing effect will be reduced accordingly, but in the case of a stainless steel container in the present invention, a wall thickness of about 1 to 101n7rL is sufficient.

It is more effective to prevent the container from breaking if the metal stopper has a convex or concave shape, as shown in Figure 1, rather than a flat one, as shown in Figure 1. It is preferable to use a screw-in structure in which as many parts as possible are in contact with the

The width of the gap 6 between the flying member 5 and the container 2 in the lateral direction (direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the sample) is preferably at least 115 times larger than the lateral thickness of the main explosive 9.

In FIGS. 1.3, 4 and 6, reference numerals 21 to 26 indicate container breakage prevention means provided at both ends of the container 20.

In other words, when a compression process is performed by colliding a flying object with a sample due to an explosion, the upper part of the container 2 tends to move upward due to the impact of the projectile, and the rest of the container 2 as a whole tries to move downward, and as a result, the container 2 There is a problem that the container is likely to break (and the sample will be lost due to dissipation) at the upper and lower parts of the container, especially in the vicinity where the sample 1 and the stopper 3 and 4 come into contact.

When carrying out ultra-high-pressure impact compression as in the present invention, it is particularly desirable to take measures against this breakage of the container. This can be achieved by reducing the moving speed of the container toward the other end side due to the collision of the flying member.

Denoted at 21 and 22 are deceleration explosive layers for preventing damage to the container, which are preferably sandwiched between shock wave damping plates 23, 24 and 25 and 26, respectively, as shown in the figure.

There are no particular restrictions on the type of explosive used in the explosive layers 21 and 22, but it is best to avoid using explosives that detonate at low speed, tend to exhibit a source pressure phenomenon, or whose impact buoyancy tends to change rapidly ( It is preferable that the evaporator has good detonation properties and the thickness of the critical layer for explosion propagation is as small as possible, such as single high-performance explosives such as pentolith, hexo-gentytrile, mixtures thereof, or powders of these high-performance explosives. In addition to those molded with silicone rubber, butadiene rubber, etc., liquid explosives such as nitromethane, nitric acid, and solutions made of flammable substances soluble in these can be cited.

In the case of a liquid moderator explosive, it is used in a thin-walled container, but in the case of a solid one, it may also be used by surrounding the sides with a vinyl chloride pipe or the like instead of using a naked charge.

The shape of the explosive layers 21 and 22 is usually plate-like, and preferably has a planar shape that is approximately the same as the sample container 2.

The layer thickness should be at least the explosive limit layer thickness. As the shock wave attenuating plates 23, 24, 25, and 26, it is preferable to use materials whose impact impedance is as similar to that of deceleration explosives as possible; for example, plastics such as methacrylic, or water, an aqueous solution of inorganic or organic salts, etc. are used. be done.

When a liquid substance is used for shock wave attenuation, it is used by sealing it in a thin-walled container.

It is preferable that the shock wave damping plates 23, 24, 25, 26 have substantially the same planar shape and the same thickness as the explosive layers 21, 22 held therebetween.

Next, the operation of the moderating explosive layers 21 and 220 according to the present invention will be explained.

Now, if there is no deceleration explosive layer 21, 22, the damping plate 2
3, 24, 25, 26 and the sample container 2, the upper part of the container tends to move upwards and the rest of the container moves downwards as a whole.

In particular, at the bottom of the container 2, there is a plastic disc 2 under the damping plate.
7, and if the lower part is made into a free space, dilution waves are generated upward from the free surface, further increasing the downward movement speed of the entire container.

In addition, since the sample has much lower impact resistance than the general container 2 and metal stopper 3゜4, secondary dilution waves are likely to occur at the interface with the sample, and due to complex mutual interference between the dilution waves, strong Tensile force is generated and the container is likely to break.

Roughly the same effect occurs in the upper part of the container, which tends to break near the interface between the sample and the container frame.

On the other hand, when the explosive layer 2L22 is provided and the flying object 5 collides with it to detonate it from the side, the above-mentioned moving speed of the container in the upper and lower directions is reduced by the explosive force.

Therefore, breakage of the container can be prevented. In addition, when the amount of the explosive layer 10 is sufficiently large, the deceleration explosive layer 22 provided on the upper part
can be omitted.

In the above embodiments of the present invention, the sample to be compressed has a circular planar cross section, but the present invention is not limited to this. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention can also be applied to sample processing, and in that case, the shapes of the sample container, flying member, etc. should be changed as appropriate in accordance with the shape of the sample.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example in which the present invention is applied to a case where a flat sample extending in the left-right axis direction is subjected to compression treatment by colliding a flat flying object from one side. The same reference numerals indicate the same members and elements.

When the planar detonation wave generator 30 is detonated by the detonator 11, the entire right end face perpendicular to the axis of the main explosive layer 9 is simultaneously detonated, from the right end (the end on the detonation side) to the left end. It explodes continuously.

The flying member 5, which is arranged parallel to the sample 1 and with a gap 6 by the fixed side plate 33, flies continuously downward from the right end toward the left end due to the explosion of the main explosive 9.

When the flying member 5 collides with the sub-explosive layer 32, the sub-explosive is detonated, and this also explodes continuously from the right end (the end on the detonation side) toward the left end.

Thereafter, the sample in the container 35 is subjected to a two-stage compression process according to the principle explained in FIG.

34 is a metal lid. Note that if the main explosive layer 9 has a thin pharmacology, a linear simultaneous detonator (line wave generator) may be used instead of the plane detonation wave generator.

The present invention is applicable to material synthesis using impact such as the conversion reaction of graphite to diamond, to dense impact solidification of granular high melting point substances such as tungsten and silicon carbide, or to impact hardening of metal materials such as steel. It is applied to impact treatment of solid or liquid condensed substances for various purposes, such as when pulverizing ceramic powder such as silicon carbide and activating it by applying strain.

The present invention is particularly advantageously applied to impact compression treatment of porous materials and impact compression treatment where mixing of foreign components is undesirable.

The present invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

Example In the method shown in Fig. 4, the average particle size was 265 as sample 1.
Micron green silicon carbide powder is put into container 2 with a true density of about 6
Fill to 0%.

Container 2 is made of stainless steel (SUS-304) and has an inner diameter of 30 mm.
Use a container stopper made of steel (SS-41) with a wall thickness of 2 mm, a length of 140 mm, 3 and 4 having a convex shape with a convex radius of 15 mm, and a screw and lid part length of 5 x m each. .

The flying member 5 has an inner diameter of 70 mm, a wall thickness of 3 mm, and a length of 1901+.
1 brass tube is used, the gap 6 is about 18 mm in the horizontal direction,
Main explosive 9 is anho explosive, approximately 2.3 kg (explosive speed, approximately 3 kW)
l/sec).

The high-explosive explosive layer 28 is prepared by mixing and stirring 70 parts by weight of pentolith powder with an average particle size of 0.5 inches or less with 30 parts of silicone resin (Shin-Etsu Chemical KE-10) before hardening, and forming and hardening it into a plate shape. With what you can get (hereinafter referred to as PET)
N/SEG = 70/30) Wall thickness: 311111L
with an inner diameter of 154 m placed concentrically with the brass tube.
A hard PVC pipe with a wall thickness of 5.5 myi and a length of 190 m is lined with a vertical line of about 30 m only at the top, and the explosion speed of this pipe is about 6.7 km per second.

The initiator layer explosive 9 is made in the same manner as described above, with a weight ratio of 50,150 pentolith and syringom, and is in the form of a disc with a wall thickness of 5 mm and a diameter of 155 mm.

Detonator 11 uses a No. 6 electric detonator, and moderator explosive 21゜22 is PETN/5EG = 70/30, wall thickness 5 mm, diameter approximately 3
For the shock wave attenuation plate, use a methacrylic plate with the same diameter and thickness.

The separator plate 29 is a plywood board with a diameter of 142 mm and a wall thickness of 20 mm.
Further, as the plastic plate 27 at the bottom, a methacrylic plate with a thickness of 5 mm is used.

The sub-explosive layer 33 is made of PETN/SEG=70/30 and has a wall thickness of 3 mm.

The device of this example was placed in the center of a large explosion chamber, the detonator was detonated, and after the explosion, the sample container was recovered.

Although the collected sample container was deformed in the axial direction, no damage was observed and the sample recovery rate was 100%.

When the sample container was cut in the transverse direction (radial direction) and the cut surface of the sample was observed, the silicon carbide remained green and hardened, and when the bulk specific gravity was measured, it was 2.80, which is 87, which is the true specific gravity.
．． It was 2%.

When the sample was removed from the container and crushed by tapping, a powder with an average particle size of 95 microns was obtained, and this was further crushed for 5 to 30 minutes in a vibrating mill using a steel pot and a steel ball. , for the grinding time,
The results of examining the rate of generation of particles of 44 microns or less are shown as the broken line a in FIG. 8.

Similarly, the results for the unimpacted sample are shown as the broken line C in FIG.

Next, in this example, chemical component analysis of the recovered sample revealed that thermal decomposition products such as free carbon, silicon, and silicon oxide had increased by about 0.5% compared to the unimpacted sample.

Comparative Example The sub-explosive layer in the example was not used, and instead, the sample container 2 was made with an inner diameter of 34.1 mm, a wall thickness of 3.7 mm, and a length of 1 mm.
A sample container protected by a 50 mm steel tube (SS-41) and exploded under the same conditions as in the example was recovered.

The lower part of the container was partially torn vertically, and the sample recovery rate was estimated to be approximately 85%.

When the container was cut in the radial direction and the cut surface of the sample was observed, the silicon carbide was thin and hard, and due to the heat generated,
It had changed color to black, and its bulk specific gravity was 2.91, which was 90.6% of the true specific gravity.

When the sample taken out from the container was pulverized by pounding, the average particle size was 500 μm, which was due to agglomeration of particles due to the high temperature.

The result of pulverization in the same manner as in the example is shown as state C in FIG.

Additionally, chemical component analysis of the recovered samples revealed that thermally decomposable impurities had increased by about 1%.

As shown by the results of the above Examples and Comparative Examples, the effect of suppressing the rise in impact temperature by the impact treatment method and apparatus of the present invention is remarkable, and the impact treatment effect for obtaining fine silicon carbide powder is also good.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an elevational sectional view showing an embodiment of the compression processing apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the state in which the compression processing is in progress in the apparatus of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3, 4, 6 and 7. 5 is an elevational section showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing detonation waves in the apparatus of FIG. 4. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the crushing effect of the vibration mill on the sample after impact treatment and the unimpacted sample, and the broken lines a''-c are graphs for the example, the comparative example, and the unimpacted sample, respectively. In the figure, 1...sample, 2...container, 3,
4... Stopper, 5°. ...Flying member, 6...Gap, 9...
Main explosive layer, 10... Explosive layer, 11...
・Detonator, 21, 22... Moderation explosive layer, 23,
24, 25, 26... Shock wave attenuation plate, 27
...Plastic plate, 28 ... High detonation velocity explosive layer, 29 ... Separation plate, 30 ... Planar detonation wave generator, 32 ... ... Sub-explosive layer, 33.
... Fixed side plate, 34 ... Metal lid, 35
... Container, P ... Shock wave front, Q ...
...Detonation wave front, Y... Shock wave front, Z...
...detonation wavefront.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An explosive layer provided adjacent to a condensed material extending in the axial direction is detonated so that the detonation point continuously moves in the axial direction to shock-compress the material and cause another explosion. When a gas-driven projectile collides with the material so that the point of impact moves continuously in the axial direction to cause impact compression of the material, the impact compression caused by the explosion of the explosive layer is caused by the impact compression of the projectile. A method for high-pressure impact compression treatment of condensed substances, characterized in that the impact compression is preceded by impact compression due to collision. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the explosive layer is detonated by the collision of the projectile. 3. A sub-explosive layer provided adjacent to a container loaded with a condensed substance extending in the axial direction, a flying member installed parallel to the container and with a gap to the sub-explosive layer, and an outer surface of the flying member. It consists of a main explosive layer provided and a detonating part for the main explosive layer, and the main explosive layer is detonated continuously from one end of the detonation side to the other end by the detonating part. The flying member collides with the container so that the point of impact moves continuously in the axial direction, impacting and compressing the substance inside the container, while the sub-explosive layer is caused to explode from the end on the detonation side due to the collision of the flying member. The explosion occurs continuously in the axial direction at the end, and as a result, the substance inside the container is compressed by impact, and at this time, at least the end of the sub-explosive layer on the detonation side is detonated at a higher detonation velocity than the main explosive layer. An impact compression processing apparatus for condensed substances, wherein the impact compression caused by the explosion of the sub-explosive layer is made to precede the impact compression caused by the impact of the projectile.