JPS5931262Y2 - smoke evacuation device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a smoke exhaust system that efficiently exhausts smoke, toxic gas, etc. generated in the event of a fire in a high-rise building, and is capable of issuing an alarm in the event of a fire.

Because modern buildings use chemical building materials, large amounts of smoke and toxic gas are emitted in the event of a building fire.

For this reason, a smoke evacuation system was developed in 1973 that automatically opens the smoke evacuation window to exhaust smoke and toxic gases in the event of a fire.
This was proposed in Publication No. 10849, etc., and has already been put into practical use, but all of them have complicated and expensive structures, and if a part of the device is damaged by a fire, the smoke exhaust window will not open, making it difficult to achieve the intended purpose. There is a flaw that makes it impossible to achieve.

The present invention was completed with the aim of providing a smoke evacuation device free from the above-mentioned defects, and the embodiments shown in the drawings will be described in detail below.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a sliding type manually operated switching valve that normally closes a door 3 provided at a smoke exhaust port 2, and the switching valve 1 has an opening 4 connected to a three-way solenoid valve 14, which will be described later, and a door, which will be described later. Inside the cylinder 7, which has an opening 5 connected to the opening/closing cylinder 20 and an opening 6 open to the atmosphere, there is a piston 8 that cuts off communication between the openings 4 and 5 when descending, and an opening 5 that is normally open.
A piston rod 10 is installed with a handle 11 at its lower end protruding from the outside of the cylinder 7, and a piston rod 10 is equipped with a piston 9 that communicates between the two when descending. A spring 12 is interposed between the cylinder 9 and the lower end face of the cylinder 7.

2 is a smoke exhaust port, and a door 3 is pivotally attached to the smoke exhaust port 2.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a pressure accumulator tank connected to the opening 4 of the switching valve 1 via a three-way solenoid valve 14 equipped with a compressed air discharge port 15; The three-way solenoid valve 14 is a fire and smoke detector 17.
electrically connected to.

Reference numeral 1B denotes an opening/closing device for the door 3 attached to the smoke exhaust passage 19, one end of which is pivotally supported on the side wall of the smoke exhaust passage 19 and connected to the other opening 5 of the switching valve 1. A piston rod 21 whose base end is connected to a piston 20' in a cylinder 20, which opens the door 3 with a piston rod 21 (described later) which is expanded by compressed air supplied from the pressure storage tank 13; It is loosely fitted and provided between the piston 20' and the end surface of the cylinder 20, so that when the supply of compressed air to the cylinder 20 is cut off, the door 3 is pivoted to open the smoke exhaust port 2. A resilient spring 20'', a link 22 whose one end is pivoted to the tip of the piston rod 21, a shaft 23 which fixes the other end of the link 22 and the center portion of the third door, and a smoke exhaust port 2. It is constituted by a limit switch 24 which is provided nearby and which energizes or interrupts the circuit by opening and closing the door 3.

Reference numeral 25 denotes a remotely controllable monitoring panel installed at a management location in order to discover abnormalities by opening and closing the doors 3 of the smoke exhaust vents 2 installed at various locations in high-rise buildings and to take appropriate measures. The panel 25 switches the limit switch 2 when the door 3 is opened.
A buzzer 26 that issues an alarm when the limit switch 24 is activated, and a smoke exhaust port 2 that is attached to one or more of the high-rise buildings in each compartment and blinks when the limit switch 24 is activated and the door 3 is opened. There is a button switch 27 that is a compartment operation indicator lamp that indicates a certain compartment, and an exhaust lamp that lights up when the door 3 is opened when the button switch 27 is pressed and indicates the position of the smoke exhaust port 2 of that door 3. Operation indicator lamp 2 for each smoke port
8, a start/stop switch 30 for the smoke exhaust fan 29 in the smoke exhaust passage 19 which is activated at the same time as the lamp 28 is turned on, and a button switch for the operation indicator lamp when the switching valve 1 is manually operated. A button switch 31 that enables switching of the three-way solenoid valve 14 in conjunction with the buzzer 27, and a switch 32 for stopping or activating the buzzer 26 are provided.

Note that 33, 34, and 35 are pipes that connect the pressure accumulator tank 13, the three-way solenoid valve 14, the switching valve 1, and the upper end of the cylinder 20 of the opening/closing device 18, and the door 3
A concave portion is formed on the periphery of the smoke exhaust port 2, and this concave portion is engaged with a convex portion of the smoke exhaust port 2 to maintain its closure.

With this structure, in a normal state where the piston rod 10 of the switching valve 1 is in the upper position as shown by the solid line in the figure, the constant pressure compressed air in the pressure storage tank 13 is switched via the three-way solenoid valve 14. In order to act from the opening 4 of the valve 1 through the other opening 5 onto the piston 20' in the cylinder 20, the piston rod 21 attached to the piston 20' is extended, and the door 3 is connected to the smoke outlet via the link 22. However, if a fire breaks out in any of the compartments and the fire and smoke detector 17 detects fire and smoke and the circuit is energized, the fire The three-way solenoid valve 14 electrically connected to the smoke detector 17 is switched by a signal from the fire and smoke detector 17, and the compressed air from the pressure storage tank 13 is released into the atmosphere from the outlet 15 of the three-way solenoid valve 14. Therefore, the constant pressure acting in the cylinder 20 is released, and the compressed air on the piston 20' is released into the atmosphere through the openings 5 and 4 of the switching valve 1, contrary to the above, and the compressed air is released into the atmosphere. When the supply of compressed air to the smoke outlet 2 is cut off,
The piston rod 21 is housed in the cylinder 20 by the elastic force of the spring 20'' which urges the door 3 to open so that the door 3 is rotated to the position shown by the chain line in the figure, and the smoke exhaust port 2 is opened. Ru.

Also, at the same time as this door 3 is opened, the limit switch 2
4 is activated, the buzzer 26 of the monitoring panel 25 sounds, and at the same time, the button switch 270 lamp of the section-specific operation indicator lamp is lit. When pressed, the operation indicator lamp 28 for each smoke exhaust port lights up, and the fan 29 leading to the smoke exhaust port 2 at the position indicated by the lamp 28 is activated to exhaust smoke. Appropriate measures and instructions can be given, such as issuing a fire alarm and notifying the location of the fire.

In addition, if a person in the compartment sees the outbreak of a fire before the fire and smoke detector 17 detects fire and smoke, they can pull down the handle 11 of the manually operable switching valve 1 to open the switching valve 1. The pistons 8 and 9 are pulled down as shown by the dashed lines in the figure, and the compressed air sent through the three-way solenoid valve 14 acts on the upper surface of the piston 8 above the switching valve 1, causing the spring 12 to move against the lower piston. 9, the opening 5 communicates with the opening 6 and balance is maintained, so the constant pressure acting in the cylinder 20 that closes the door 3 is released and the compressed air on the piston 20' is released from the opening 5 to the opening 6 of the switching valve 1, the door 3 is opened, and at the same time the limit switch 24 is activated and the buzzer 26 sounds, allowing the supervisor to take the same action or give instructions as above. .

Note that when the generation of fire and smoke fades and the fire and smoke detector 17 no longer detects fire and smoke, the three-way solenoid valve 14 returns to its original normal state because the power to the fire and smoke detector 170 circuit is cut off. ,
The compressed air passing through the three-way solenoid valve 14 is sent from the switching valve 1 to the cylinder 20, so that the door 3 is closed.

In addition, when closing the door 3 that was opened by manual operation of the switching valve 1, push up the handle 11 of the switching valve 1 to return it to the original position indicated by the solid line in the figure, and then use compressed air from the three-way solenoid valve 14 to close the door 3. Either close the door 3 or press the button switch 31 on the monitoring panel 25 to switch the three-way solenoid valve 14 to close the pressure accumulator tank 13.
When the compressed air sent from the switch valve 1 is released, the constant pressure acting on the piston 8 of the switching valve 1 is released, and the piston 8 rises due to the expansion of the spring 12 and returns to the original position shown by the solid line in the figure. Then, when the button switch 31 is returned to its original state and the three-way solenoid valve 14 is switched to its original state, the compressed air is sent to the cylinder 20 via the switching valve 1 and the door 3 is closed.

In addition, if the pipes 33, 34 and 35 are connected using materials with low melting points such as vinyl chloride pipes, these connecting pipes may melt in the event of a fire, or if the pressure storage tank 13 explodes or other parts of the equipment are damaged. Since the door 3 is automatically opened by the spring 20'' when the supply of compressed air to the cylinder 20 is cut off, there is also the advantage that the smoke exhaust port 2 is reliably opened in the event of a fire.

Note that the operation of the fan 29 may not be linked to the button switch 21 but may be linked to a limit switch provided near the smoke exhaust port 2.

As is clear from the description of the above embodiments, the present invention is capable of notifying the management department of the occurrence of a fire using a fire and smoke detector at the initial stage of a fire outbreak in a building, and also ensuring that smoke exhaustion measures are taken. Not only is this possible, but a device that detects the occurrence of a fire before the fire and smoke detector detects fire and smoke can take the same measures as described above, and what is more, it is possible to prevent damage to the pressure storage tank and other equipment due to the fire. It has various advantages such as the smoke exhaust port always being opened even when the smoke exhaust port is opened, and has extremely high practical value as a smoke exhaust device that has a simple structure and can be provided at low cost.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings are schematic diagrams showing embodiments of the present invention. 1: Switching valve, 2: Smoke exhaust port, 3: Door, 4, 5, 6: Opening,
7: Cylinder, 8, 9: Piston, 10: Piston 8
Upper door, 11: Handle, 13: Accumulator tank, 14: Three-way solenoid valve, 15: Discharge port, 17: Fire and smoke detector, 20 Niji cylinder - 120": Spring, 21: Piston 8 upper door, 24:
Limit switch, 25: Monitoring board.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A piston rod 10 is inserted into a cylinder 7 having three openings 4, 5, and 6 with the handle 11 at its lower end protruding outside, and the piston rod 10 is provided with the openings 4, 5, and 6.
The opening 4 of the switching valve 1 is equipped with a piston 8 that cuts off communication between the openings 5 and 5, and a piston 9 that normally cuts off the communication between the openings 5 and 6, but allows the openings 5 and 6 to communicate when the handle 11 is pulled.
A pressure storage tank 13 is connected to the pressure storage tank 13 through a three-way solenoid valve 14 equipped with a compressed air discharge port 15, and the door 3 of the smoke exhaust port 2 is expanded by the compressed air supplied from the pressure storage tank 13 to the other opening 5. The cylinder 20 whose door is to be closed is connected with a piston rod 21 that closes the door, and the door 3 is connected between the piston 20' of the cylinder 20 and the end surface of the cylinder 20 when the supply of compressed air to the cylinder 20 is cut off. A spring 20'' is provided which is moved to open the smoke exhaust port 2, and further includes the three-way solenoid valve 14, a fire and smoke detector 17 electrically connected thereto, and a limit switch 24 which is activated by opening and closing the door 3. is electrically connected to a monitoring panel 25 for monitoring the opening and closing of the door 3.