JPS5927220B2 - sand machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a sand machine for producing fine aggregates, raw materials for the chemical industry, etc., by crushing coarse aggregate for civil engineering construction, raw materials for industrial use, etc.

With the depletion of natural sand and gravel in recent years, the demand for artificial sand produced by crushing quarries is on the rise. It's long awaited.

In response to this current situation, rod mills, which are commonly used as sand-making machines, consist of a rotating container with a cell liner made of hard material on the inside and a number of rods. After crushing by impact, the sand is discharged from below or from the side to perform the sand making function of a sand making machine. When this rod mill is used,
First, since impact crushing is used, the crushed material tends to be compressed into flat grains, and furthermore, the coarse grain ratio changes as the cell liner and rods wear out. In addition, since the structure drives a large rotating container, the production capacity is not high compared to the required power, and the basic cost is high because the reduction gear must be installed with high precision. . In addition, since it is equipped with a large number of rods and cell liners made of expensive hard materials, the main unit price is also expensive.In addition, it is not necessary to replace the rods and cell liners due to wear, and to run because of the large amount of power required. It also had the disadvantage of being expensive. In addition, there are other sand-making machines such as the Erofol mill, but since these use autogenous grinding in which the grinding medium is the ore itself, the discharge is by air suction, similar to the ring roll mill for fine grinding. The emissions are due to the structure. As a result, if the raw material contains water, it cannot be crushed, and furthermore, the crushing ability is low. However, conventional sand-making machines could not meet the demands of the times for supplying artificial sand in large quantities, and still had many drawbacks as mentioned above.

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention began research and development and completed a completely new type of sand making machine, rather than an improvement on the conventional sand making machine, and its basic mechanism is as follows: The purpose is to continuously produce fine grains with good shape and size with high efficiency by adopting a combination mechanism of a raw material supply mechanism in the upper part, a crushing mechanism in the middle part, and a crushed material discharge mechanism in the lower part. be. Next, the present invention will be described in detail below based on an example of implementation shown in the drawings.

First, to explain the crushing mechanism, the mechanism includes a ring rail 2 provided on the inner surface of the circular lower body 1, and a pressurizing body 3a on the inner circumference of the rail 2 to urge the rail 2 in the radial direction. A plurality of rollers 4, which are elastically supported, are hung down, and the rollers 4 are rotated along the inner circumference of the rail 2'' by applying rotational force from a rotating rigid shaft 5, and the centrifugal force due to the same rotation and the above-mentioned applied force are caused to rotate. The crushing mechanism is formed by forming the outer circumferential surface of the roller 4 so as to roll in pressure contact with the inner circumferential surface of the rail 2 due to a synergistic effect with the pressing force of the pressing body 3a.

Here, the ring rail 2 is manufactured from a hard material such as high manganese cast steel, and is fixed by a tapered surface formed on both the lower body 1 and the rail 2 and a fixture 11.

Further, the roller shaft 14 is made of a hard material like the ring rail 2, and the roller shaft 13 is provided on the journal main body 12.
One end of the journal main body 12 is pivotally supported on a support 15 by a support shaft 14, and the other end is provided on a rotating rigid shaft 5 via a pressure spring, which is a pressure member 3a. A radial pressurizing force is applied to the roller 4 to press against the inner circumferential surface of the ring rail 2, and a rotational force is applied to the rotating rigid shaft 5 by the support frame 15 which is integrated with the rotating outer cylinder 16. It is something. Then, the outer circumferential surface of a plurality of rollers 4 (four in the embodiment) arranged at equal intervals on the inner circumferential portion of the ring rail 2 rolls in pressure contact with the inner circumferential surface of the rail 2. It is to be formed. still,
The pressurizing body 3a is not limited to a pressurizing spring, and other means such as a hydraulic structure or an elastic body may be used, and its installation state is also formed so that it acts in a direction in which it presses against the ring rail 2. The invention is not limited to the embodiments as long as it is.

Furthermore, although it may be a fixed pressurizing body 3a, as shown in the embodiment, it is composed of a nut 1r screwed onto the rotating rigid shaft 5 and a pressurizing spring receiver 18 that moves up and down with the nut 17. It is preferable to have a structure in which the pressure can be adjusted freely, and in this case, the raw material a
It is possible to adjust the pressure to the optimum pressure according to the strength of the material and obtain crushed material b with good particle size and shape. In addition, as a drive mechanism for the roller 4, a bevel gear (not shown) that meshes with the rigid rotating shaft 5 and the driving horizontal shaft 19 is provided, and the horizontal shaft 1
9 is provided with a flywheel 20 that transmits rotation from an electric motor via a belt.

Next, the raw material supply mechanism will be described. The mechanism includes a rotating raw material receiver 6 and a raw material supply pipe 7 that opens outward from the raw material receiver 6 above the roller 4, and the supply pipe 7 is connected to the lower body of the lower body. A cylindrical upper body 8 having a larger inner diameter than 1.
Further, a raw material retaining portion 9 is formed at the outer periphery of the upper end of the ring rail 2, which is below the raw material fall opening end Ra of the supply pipe T, thereby forming a raw material supply mechanism.

Here, in the case of the embodiment, the raw material supply pipes 7 provided in the rotating raw material receiver 6 in a downwardly inclined state are arranged in three directions as shown in FIG. Uniformity of
It is determined in consideration of continuity, and it is preferable to arrange a plurality of supply pipes 7. Further, the rotating raw material receiver 6 and the raw material supply pipe 7 are driven by rotatably supporting the raw material receiver 6 on a support shaft 23 from a raw material supply cylinder 22 having a raw material distribution partition plate 21, and The driven pulley 24 provided on the electric motor 25 and the drive pulley 26 provided on the electric motor 25 are connected by a belt 27 or the like to perform driving.

In addition, the raw material retention section 9 is formed to uniformly supply the raw material a in a low-speed falling state from the outer peripheral part of the ring rail 2, and according to the embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3,
A structure in which a stepped surface is formed by an upper body 8 and a lower body 1 having different inner diameters, a certain amount of raw material a stays on this stepped surface 9a in an inclined state, and then the supplied raw material a falls down the inclined surface surface. However, in addition to the embodiments, it is also possible to adopt a structure in which an inclined plate with a rough surface is provided in advance at a position corresponding to the inclined surface layer of the retained raw material.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable to form raw material introducing edges 4a, 2a facing each other on the earth part of the roller 4 and ring rail 2, and during crushing operation, the edges 4a, 2a are formed into an inverted triangular cross section. A virtual raw material introduction groove is formed, and the raw material a can be supplied to the crushing surface extremely smoothly.

Note that the reference numeral 28 in the figure is a guide partition plate provided at a constant distance from the inner surface of the earthwork body 8 to prevent the raw material a from scattering inward and to reliably guide it downward. This is the board.

Next, the crushed material discharge mechanism will be explained. The mechanism opens the lower end of the lower body 1 as a crushed material discharge port 10 to continuously crush the raw material a evenly supplied from above in a falling state. This downward discharge mechanism is designed to discharge the crushed material b directly downward according to gravity.This downward discharge mechanism is the simplest structure and highly efficient way to produce the crushed material b. This mechanism can be introduced only after the uniform supply of raw material a and size-aligned crushing have been achieved, and the bottom surface from which the crushed material falls is closed, and an air separation chamber etc. is installed. This corresponds to the feedback crushing mechanism for raw materials.

In addition, what is indicated by 29 in the figure is a vibration-proof elastic body, which has a structure that separates the lower fuselage 1 and the upper fuselage 8, and prevents the vibration generated in the lower fuselage 1 from spreading, and also reduces the noise accompanying the vibration. It is intended to prevent Further, 30 in the figure is a forced circulation oil supply pipe for lubricating oil, and 31 is a dust cover. Therefore, when crushing strawberry raw material a to produce fine grains as crushed material b using the sand making machine of the present invention, first, the electric motor 25 is started to rotate the raw material receiver 6 and the raw material supply pipe 7. At the same time, the rotating hard shaft 5 is rotated to apply centrifugal force to the roller 4 and pressurizing body 3a.
The ring rail 2 is rolled in pressure contact with the inner circumferential surface of the ring rail 2 by applying pressure.

Thereafter, the raw material a crushed into pieces having a diameter of about 20 m or less is supplied to the raw material receiver 6 without variation. Then, this raw material a is subjected to the centrifugal force caused by the rotation and is forced out of the supply pipe 7.
The raw material a, which often scatters toward the inner surface of the upper body 8 and falls along the same inner surface, is deposited on the stepped surface 9a forming the raw material retention section 9. When a certain amount of raw material a accumulates, the angle of repose is exceeded, so raw material a begins to fall from the surface layer, and then,
The raw material a is evenly supplied to the inner surface of the ring rail 2, which is the crushing section, according to the amount of the raw material a supplied. The raw material a supplied to the inner surface of the rail 2 is compressed and crushed by applying a strong pressing force to the raw material a by rollers 4 having centrifugal force and pressing force, and then rotated on the inner circumference of the rail 2. The raw material a is shredded by the mutual crushing action of impact crushing, in which the falling raw material a is crushed by the roller 4 in a state similar to swinging a hammer, and collision crushing, in which the raw materials a themselves collide with each other and are crushed. , Follow the gravity to the crushed material outlet 1.
It is possible to continuously obtain the desired fine particles, which are the crushed material b, by falling from zero. Here, to explain the feeding action of raw material a, it is required that raw material a be supplied in an appropriate amount and evenly in order to prevent the generation of powder due to over crushing and coarse particles due to uncrushed. First, the raw material a is evenly distributed and supplied to the inner circumferential surface of the upper body 8 by scattering radiation supply using centrifugal force by the rotating supply pipe 7, and furthermore, the raw material a is distributed on the stepped surface 9a due to falling collision.
The falling energy is absorbed by the raw material retention section 9, which also serves to prevent wear of the raw material a, thereby preventing the raw material a from scattering, and at the same time slowing down the falling speed to the crushing section to effectively perform compression crushing and impact crushing. and achieve the required equal supply. Next, to explain the crushing action of raw material a, conventionally crushing was carried out using pressurizing force only by centrifugal force, and the strength of raw material a was adjusted by changing the rotation speed. , metal peripheral speed has a limit and it cannot be used for high-speed raw material a, and it is difficult to adjust the crushing force and cannot correspond to the material and strength of raw material a. Foreign matter is raw material a
If the supplied amount of b1 raw material a mixed into the raw material a becomes excessive, it will escape inward after being bitten by the roller 4 and swing in a bouncing state like a pendulum. This has the disadvantage that crushed portions occur, the particle size becomes non-uniform, and the roller 4 has uneven friction, and in extreme cases, the roller 4 and ring rail 2 are damaged. On the other hand, in the case of the present invention, centrifugal force and pressurizing body 3
Since it utilizes the synergistic pressure of both a and a,
The above drawback has been solved, and even if the amount of b1 supplied becomes excessive due to foreign matter getting caught in the roller 4, the pressurizing body 3a absorbs this, allowing the foreign matter to pass through as is, and rejecting the excessive amount of supplied material to the machine. It prevents overload on the material and returns to its original position without bouncing, so there is no uneven wear, damage, or extremely uneven particle size. Also,
Since it is a compression crushing mechanism having a pressurizing body 3a, there is less occurrence of slippage which is a cause of wear between the rollers 4 and the ring rail 2, and it can be used for a long period of time. Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the effect of being able to continuously produce fine particles with good particle shape and particle size with high efficiency.

Furthermore, since it has a downward discharge structure, it has the effect of crushing any raw material regardless of the moisture content of the raw material. In addition, compared to other sand machines, it is structurally simple and utilizes power effectively, so the main body can be provided at a low cost, maintenance is easy, and electricity costs are low.
Furthermore, since only the rollers 4 and ring rail 2 are consumables, running costs are low.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing the sand making machine of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 1 showing the raw material supply pipe of the same machine, and Fig. 3 shows the raw material supply section of the same machine. FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the crushing mechanism of the same machine. 1...Lower fuselage, 2...Ring rail,
3a... Pressure body, 4... Roller, 5
...Rotating rigid shaft, 6...Rotating material receiver, 7
... Raw material supply pipe, 8 ... Upper body, 9
......Raw material retention section, 10...Crushed material discharge port.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A ring rail 2 is provided on the inner surface of the cylindrical lower body 1, and a plurality of rollers 4 are suspended from the inner circumference of the rail 2 and are elastically supported so as to be biased in the radial direction of the rail 2 by a pressurizing body 3a. The roller 4 is rotated along the inner periphery of the rail 2 by application of a rotational force by the rotary rigid shaft 5, and the synergistic effect of the centrifugal force caused by the same rotation and the pressing force by the pressurizing body 3a is used. The outer circumferential surface of a roller 4 is formed so as to roll in pressure contact with the inner circumferential surface of the rail 2, and a rotating raw material receiver 6 and a raw material supply pipe opening outward from the raw material receiver 6 are provided above the roller 4. 7, and a cylindrical inner body 8 in which the supply pipe 7 is formed to have a larger inner diameter than the lower body 1.
Further, a raw material retention section 9 is formed at the outer periphery of the upper end of the ring rail 2, which is below the raw material fall opening end 7a of the supply pipe 7, and the lower end of the lower body 1 is connected to the crushed material discharge area. The product is characterized by having a structure in which the raw material a uniformly supplied from above is continuously crushed in a falling state by opening as an outlet 10, and the crushed material a is discharged downward as it is according to gravity. sand machine.