JPS5926204B2 - combustion device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a combustion device that uses liquid fuel such as petroleum or kerosene as fuel, and an object of the present invention is to provide a combustion device in which the liquid fuel is turned into a mist together with air and is burnt on the surface of a catalyst. It is something to do.

In recent years, there has been a remarkable development in combustors that use petroleum such as kerosene, city gas, or propane gas as fuel.

Improvements have been made to these combustors with a focus on combustion efficiency, safety, and exhaust gas flow lines.

For example, by improving the shape of the combustion wick in kerosene stoves, the speed at which it hits water can be sped up, and by spraying liquid fuel in a mist, combustion efficiency can be improved.

In addition, forced air supply and exhaust type stoves are used that forcefully exhaust combustion exhaust gas outdoors in order to keep indoor air clean.

Furthermore, conventional combustors that burn petroleum-based fuels mainly use flame combustion, but in the case of flame combustion, lowering the combustion temperature causes incomplete combustion, making temperature control difficult, and making it difficult to use outdoors due to wind. It was difficult to use due to the following effects.

In view of the above problems, the present invention atomizes liquid fuel using an ultrasonic vibrator or the like, and guides the atomized fuel together with air to the surface of a catalyst where it is combusted.

One embodiment will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a general-purpose convection type simple kerosene stove to which the present invention is applied by partially improving it.

In the figure, 1 is the kerosene stove body, 2 is its tank, 3 is kerosene in the tank 2, 4 is an air inlet, 5 is an ultrasonic vibrator installed on the bottom of the tank 2, and 6 is this The catalyst layer is installed in the main body 1 so as to be located above the ultrasonic vibrator 5, and the combustion wick that was conventionally used is removed and installed in that position instead.

7 is a power source for the ultrasonic transducer 5.

In the above configuration, while the kerosene 3 is made into a mist by the vibration of the ultrasonic vibrator 5, an air pump (not shown)
Air is supplied into the tank section 2 through the inlet 4, and kerosene 3 is atomized together with this air and supplied to the catalyst layer 6.

At this time, in order to cause the catalyst layer 6 to react, a tank 9 containing a hydrazine hydrate 8 which is a reducing substance is provided, and the hydrazine hydrate 8 is supplied to the catalyst layer 6 from the tip of the drain pipe of this tank 9. Catalytic activity is performed using the heat of chemical reaction caused by the hydrazine hydrate 8.

Here, as the above-mentioned catalyst, silica cloth (
A cross catalyst was used, in which alumina was supported on the catalyst base (catalyst base material) and platinum was adhered to the surface.

In the above configuration, desirably, the operation of the ultrasonic transducer 5 and the operation of supplying the hydrazine hydrate 8 can be performed continuously.

At this time, the ultrasonic vibrator 5 begins to vibrate, and the moment the hydrazine hydrate 8 drops onto the surface of the catalyst layer 6, the mist-like fuel begins to burn on the surface of the catalyst layer 6.

Note that once the catalyst layer 6 and the fuel start to be flameless fuel, the supply of the hydrazine hydrate 8 may be stopped.

Furthermore, the surface temperature of the catalyst layer 6 can be adjusted from 250°C to 800°C by adjusting the amount of mist produced by the ultrasonic vibrator 5, that is, the current supplied to the ultrasonic vibrator 5. confirmed.

Furthermore, in the above structure, since the catalytic reaction occurs on the surface of the catalyst layer, it is flameless, and therefore it can be used outdoors.

Figure 2 shows the device shown in Figure 1 used on a flat surface; in this case, a hydrazine hydrate 8 is placed in contact with the catalyst layer 6, and its function and operation are completely the same as in Figure 1. The same is true.

As explained above, according to the present invention, liquid fuel is made into a mist using, for example, an ultrasonic vibrator, and flameless combustion is obtained by causing a catalytic reaction on the surface of the catalyst layer, and temperature control is possible. This can be easily done, for example, by adjusting the voltage supplied to the ultrasonic transducer.

Also, since it burns flamelessly, it can be used outdoors.

In addition, if a silica catalyst with a small heat capacity is used as the above catalyst, the reaction will be quick. At this time, the catalytic reaction uses the heat of chemical reaction caused by hydrazine, etc., so there is no need to preheat the heater or first component as in the past. be.

Further, the cross catalyst has a high activity, and although the space velocity in the above example was very high, IO x 104 h-, the combustion was very stable.

Furthermore, since the cross catalyst is flexible, it can be manufactured into any shape and can be easily installed in the combustor.

In particular, combustor shapes that are not possible with conventional fossil fuels, such as surface heaters, can be obtained.

The feature of the present invention is that the catalyst layer is composed of a catalyst based on silica cloth, and by contacting it with a reducing substance such as hydrazine, the catalyst is raised to the reaction starting temperature at room temperature or a low temperature close to room temperature, and the catalyst is atomized. The goal is to directly catalytically burn the fuel.

Conventionally, in order to burn fuel, it is necessary to use a heating element to gasify it and ignite it for flame combustion, to heat the gas and bring it into contact with the catalyst, or to initially heat the catalyst part using a heating element to bring the catalyst part to the reaction starting temperature. It is necessary to catalytically burn the fuel by raising it above the level above, and direct combustion of the catalyst layer and the atomized fuel can only be achieved by simultaneously providing a means for bringing it into contact with a reducing substance such as hydrazine. did it.

Furthermore, when comparing the use of a silica cloth-based catalyst and a monolithic catalyst to bring a reducing substance such as hydrazine into contact with a catalyst, it is found that with a silica cloth-based catalyst, the use of a small amount of reducing substance reduces the The catalyst rose to the reaction initiation temperature at or near room temperature, and catalytic combustion was able to begin.

This is thought to be because the catalyst based on silica cloth is active and has a small heat capacity.

In the case of the present invention, the temperature of the 10 mm upstream portion of the catalyst layer was 40° C., and catalytic combustion was started.

These results also indicate that a combustion device can be provided easily and at low cost.

Note that the liquid fuel is not limited to kerosene, petroleum, etc., and other liquid fuels such as alcohol, butane, etc. can also be used.

Furthermore, the method of supplying hydrazine by dropping it onto the catalyst surface is not limited to the above embodiments, and other methods are also possible.

Furthermore, silica cloth square soot can also be produced using other carriers such as silica, zirconia, titania, and magnesia.
Other noble metals such as Pd1Rh, Rn, and Ir may also be used as the catalyst metal.

Further, the method of spraying liquid fuel is not limited to the ultrasonic vibrator, and other methods are also possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are sectional views each showing a schematic configuration of a combustion device in an embodiment of the present invention. 3...Kerosene, 4...Air intake port, 5.
...Ultrasonic vibrator, 6...Catalyst layer, 7.
...Power supply, 8...Hydrazine hydrate.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A means for atomizing liquid fuel, a catalyst layer made of a silica cloth-based catalyst with which the atomized liquid fuel comes into contact, and hydrazine, etc. as a means for activating the catalyst layer. Combustion equipment with reducing substances. 2. The combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the means for atomizing the liquid fuel comprises an ultrasonic vibrator.