JPS5926140B2 - frequency converter - Google Patents
frequency converterInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5926140B2 JPS5926140B2 JP8209276A JP8209276A JPS5926140B2 JP S5926140 B2 JPS5926140 B2 JP S5926140B2 JP 8209276 A JP8209276 A JP 8209276A JP 8209276 A JP8209276 A JP 8209276A JP S5926140 B2 JPS5926140 B2 JP S5926140B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- frequency
- amplifier
- signal
- surface acoustic
- acoustic wave
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000010897 surface acoustic wave method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009022 nonlinear effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/30—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator
- H03B5/32—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator being a piezoelectric resonator
- H03B5/326—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator being a piezoelectric resonator the resonator being an acoustic wave device, e.g. SAW or BAW device
Landscapes
- Surface Acoustic Wave Elements And Circuit Networks Thereof (AREA)
- Superheterodyne Receivers (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は変調された搬送波信号を受信する受信機、特に
FMおよびPM受信機に内蔵して用いるのに適した周波
数変換装置に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a frequency converter suitable for use in a receiver for receiving a modulated carrier signal, particularly in an FM and PM receiver.
現在用いられているFMおよびPM受信機はシングルま
たはダブルスーパヘテロダイン受信方式を採用しており
、その標準的な構成は、まずアンテナからの受信人力信
号を高周波回路で増巾し、これを局部発振器出力と共に
混合回路に導びき中間周波数に変換する。Currently used FM and PM receivers adopt a single or double superheterodyne reception method, and their standard configuration is to first amplify the received human signal from the antenna with a high-frequency circuit, and then amplify it with a local oscillator. The output is led to a mixing circuit where it is converted to an intermediate frequency.
ダブルスーパヘテロダイン受信方式の場合には、さらに
第2の中間周波数に変換し、以下中間周波増巾器、復調
器、音声風波増巾器を経て出力として取り出す。現在局
部発振器として水晶発振器が用いられているが、これは
水晶板の安定した機械的固有振動をその圧電性を介して
利用するもので、通常厚みすべり振動が用いられる。そ
の共振周波数は板厚に反比例するので周波数が高くなる
ほど薄くする必要があり、基本モードを利用する場合2
5MH2程度が上限とされている。したがつてこれ以上
の周波数帯で安定な発振器を実現したい場合にはオーバ
・トーン励振を行なうか、あるいは逓倍器を用いる必要
がある。またこれらの出力には所望のオーバ・トーン以
外の周波数成分が含まれており、これを直接混合器に導
いた場合スプリアス放射等の問題を生ずるので、混合器
の前に所要発振周波数成分のみを通過させるフィルタを
挿入しなければならない。これに対して弾性表面波遅延
線と増巾器を組合せた弾性表面波発振器は1GH2付近
まで基本モードで発振させることが容易であり、したが
つて従来の水晶発振器を用いる場合に必要とした逓倍器
、フィルタ等が不要となる。さらに従来の受信機では局
部発振信号は受信信号と共に混合器に導かれ、その差周
波数成分(中間周波信号)が出力として取り出される。
本発明の目的は上記局部発振器と混合器の機能を1ケの
増巾器および弾性表面波遅延線で実現した新しい周波数
変換装置を提供することにある。In the case of the double superheterodyne reception system, the signal is further converted to a second intermediate frequency, and then passed through an intermediate frequency amplifier, a demodulator, and an audio wave amplifier to be taken out as an output. Currently, a crystal oscillator is used as a local oscillator, but this utilizes the stable mechanical natural vibration of a crystal plate through its piezoelectricity, and usually thickness shear vibration is used. The resonant frequency is inversely proportional to the plate thickness, so the higher the frequency, the thinner the plate must be.When using the fundamental mode, 2
The upper limit is about 5MH2. Therefore, if it is desired to realize a stable oscillator in a frequency band higher than this, it is necessary to perform overtone excitation or use a multiplier. In addition, these outputs contain frequency components other than the desired overtone, and if they are led directly to the mixer, problems such as spurious radiation may occur. Therefore, only the desired oscillation frequency components are sent before the mixer. A filter must be inserted to allow it to pass. On the other hand, a surface acoustic wave oscillator that combines a surface acoustic wave delay line and an amplifier can easily oscillate in the fundamental mode up to around 1 GH2, and therefore has the advantage of increasing the multiplier required when using a conventional crystal oscillator. There is no need for containers, filters, etc. Further, in conventional receivers, the local oscillation signal is guided to a mixer together with the received signal, and the difference frequency component (intermediate frequency signal) is taken out as an output.
An object of the present invention is to provide a new frequency conversion device in which the functions of the local oscillator and mixer described above are realized by a single amplifier and a surface acoustic wave delay line.
本発明によれぱ、広帯域増巾器と弾性表面波遅延線がル
ープを形成するように接続され、予め定められた周波数
feで発振するようにループの位相および振巾条件が選
ばれている発振回路に、さらにこのループの途中に周波
数fs(fs←fe)の信号を加え、fs−feの差周
波信号を得る周波数変換装置が得られる。すなわちこの
構成によれば、増巾器の入力端には2周波成分feおよ
びfsが加えられ、増巾器の非線形成のためfs−fe
なる差周波信号成分が出力端から得られるわけである。According to the present invention, a broadband amplifier and a surface acoustic wave delay line are connected to form a loop, and the phase and amplitude conditions of the loop are selected so as to oscillate at a predetermined frequency fe. A frequency conversion device is obtained by adding a signal of frequency fs (fs←fe) to the circuit in the middle of this loop to obtain a difference frequency signal of fs-fe. That is, according to this configuration, two frequency components fe and fs are added to the input end of the amplifier, and fs-fe is
This difference frequency signal component is obtained from the output terminal.
次に本発明について図面を参照しながら説明する。Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.
第1図は本発明による周波数変換装置の一実施例を示す
。図において、1は圧電体基板で、この基板の一主面に
鏡面研摩を施こし、この面上にすだれ状変換器2,3を
対向させて配置する。これらの変換器は増巾器4の入力
端子および出力端子に接続される。今、ある適当な電気
信号が増巾器4の入力端子に印加されると、増巾された
電気信号はすだれ状変換器2によつて弾性表面波に変換
され、基板1の表面を矢印5の方向に伝搬してすだれ状
変換器3に達し、こ\で圧電反作用によつて弾性表面波
信号から再び電気信号に変換される。この電気信号は再
び増巾器4への入力信号となる。したがつて、増巾器4
の増巾度がすだれ状変換器2,3を含む遅延線における
弾性表面波の伝搬および変換に基づく損失より大である
ように振巾条件を選べば発振器を実現できる。発振周波
数は遅延線における位相遅れをφM1増巾器を含む電気
回路の位相遅れをφEとすれば、φM+φE=2πn(
n=1,2,3,・・・)(1)を満足する周波数であ
る。FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a frequency conversion device according to the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a piezoelectric substrate, one principal surface of which is mirror-polished, and interdigital transducers 2 and 3 are disposed facing each other on this surface. These converters are connected to the input and output terminals of the amplifier 4. Now, when a certain electric signal is applied to the input terminal of the amplifier 4, the amplified electric signal is converted into a surface acoustic wave by the interdigital transducer 2, and the surface of the substrate 1 is The signal propagates in the direction of , reaches the interdigital transducer 3, where the surface acoustic wave signal is converted back into an electric signal by a piezoelectric reaction. This electrical signal becomes the input signal to the amplifier 4 again. Therefore, the amplifier 4
An oscillator can be realized by selecting amplitude conditions such that the degree of amplification is greater than the loss due to propagation and conversion of surface acoustic waves in the delay line including the interdigital transducers 2 and 3. The oscillation frequency is determined by φM+φE=2πn(
n=1, 2, 3,...) This is a frequency that satisfies (1).
弾性表面波遅延線では通常nは数十から数百の値である
から、極めて多数の周波数で発振可能となるが、すだれ
状変換器2および3の電極対数を大きくすることにより
唯一の周波数でのみ前記振巾条件を満足させることが可
能である。また例え2以上の周波数で発振のため振巾条
件が満足される場合でも、遅延線の挿人損失がより小さ
い周波数でのみ発振する。一方出力振巾は増巾器の非線
形効果によつて決まるある一定値に落ち着く。この発振
器(発振周波数をFeとする)に外部から周波数八(F
s+f′)の信号が加えられる。In a surface acoustic wave delay line, n usually has a value of several tens to several hundreds, so it is possible to oscillate at an extremely large number of frequencies. It is possible to satisfy the above-mentioned swing width condition only in this case. Furthermore, even if the width condition is satisfied for oscillation at two or more frequencies, oscillation occurs only at frequencies where the insertion loss of the delay line is smaller. On the other hand, the output amplitude settles at a certain value determined by the nonlinear effect of the amplifier. This oscillator (the oscillation frequency is Fe) is externally connected to a frequency of 8 (F)
s+f') signal is added.
第1図においては端子6を介して増巾器4の人力端に印
加される。すると増巾器4の非直線性のため両周波数成
分の和及び差の周波数1fs±Feをもつ信号成分が出
力に含まれる。すなわち、本構成によれば、増巾器およ
び表面波遅延線各1個で局部発振器および混合器の機能
を同時に実現できる。しかも既に述べたように、弾性表
面波発振器は1GHzまで基本モードで容易に発振させ
ることができるので逓倍器、フイルタが不要となり、装
置の小型化および低価格化の点で大きなメリツトがある
。第2図は本発明による他の実施例を示す。In FIG. 1, the voltage is applied to the power end of the amplifier 4 via the terminal 6. Then, due to the nonlinearity of the amplifier 4, a signal component having a frequency of 1 fs±Fe, which is the sum and difference of both frequency components, is included in the output. That is, according to this configuration, the functions of a local oscillator and a mixer can be simultaneously realized with one amplifier and one surface wave delay line. Moreover, as already mentioned, since the surface acoustic wave oscillator can easily oscillate in the fundamental mode up to 1 GHz, there is no need for a multiplier or filter, which is a great advantage in terms of miniaturization and cost reduction of the device. FIG. 2 shows another embodiment according to the invention.
第1図と対応する部分には同一符号を付して示す。この
構成では周波数Jsの信号は、端子8を介してすだれ状
変換器9に加えられ、弾性表面波となつて矢印10の方
向に伝搬してすだれ状変換器3に達し、さらに増巾器4
の入力端子に到達する。変換器9は、もちろん周波数F
sで最大振巾応答をもつように電極のピツチが決められ
るが、さらに局部発振周波数F2に関してFsとちよう
ど鏡像の関係にあるいわゆるイメージ周波数で零応答を
もつように電極の対数が決められる。すなわちすだれ状
変換器9,3から成る弾性表面波遅延線は従来の受信で
用いられているいわゆるフロントエンド・フイルタの機
能をはたす。したがつて装置をさらに小型化することが
できる。以上述べたように、本発明によれば構造が簡単
で製作が容易、かつ安定に動作する弾性表面波遅延線を
利用した周波数変換装置を得ることができる。Components corresponding to those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals. In this configuration, a signal with a frequency Js is applied to the interdigital transducer 9 via the terminal 8, becomes a surface acoustic wave, propagates in the direction of the arrow 10, reaches the interdigital transducer 3, and is further transmitted to the amplifier 4.
reaches the input terminal of Converter 9 of course has a frequency F
The pitch of the electrodes is determined so that it has a maximum amplitude response at s, and the logarithm of the electrodes is determined so that it has a zero response at the so-called image frequency, which is just a mirror image of Fs with respect to the local oscillation frequency F2. . That is, the surface acoustic wave delay line composed of interdigital transducers 9 and 3 functions as a so-called front-end filter used in conventional reception. Therefore, the device can be further downsized. As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a frequency conversion device using a surface acoustic wave delay line that has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and operates stably.
第1図および第2図は本発明による周波数変換装置の実
施例を示し、1は圧電体基板、2,3,9はすだれ状変
換器、4は増巾器である。1 and 2 show an embodiment of the frequency conversion device according to the present invention, in which 1 is a piezoelectric substrate, 2, 3, and 9 are interdigital transducers, and 4 is an amplifier.
Claims (1)
を設けた弾性表面波遅延線がループを形成するように接
続され、前記ループの位相および振巾条件が予め定めら
れた周波数flで発振するように選ばれている発振回路
に、さらにこのループの途中に周波数fs(fs≠fl
)の信号を印加し、増巾器の非線形動作を利用して増巾
器出力端子からfs〜flなる差周波信号成分を取り出
すことを特徴とする周波数変換装置。1 A surface acoustic wave delay line including a broadband amplifier and an input/output electromechanical transducer on a piezoelectric substrate is connected to form a loop, and the phase and amplitude conditions of the loop are set at a predetermined frequency fl. In the oscillation circuit selected to oscillate, a frequency fs (fs≠fl
), and extracts difference frequency signal components fs to fl from the output terminal of the amplifier by utilizing the nonlinear operation of the amplifier.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8209276A JPS5926140B2 (en) | 1976-07-09 | 1976-07-09 | frequency converter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8209276A JPS5926140B2 (en) | 1976-07-09 | 1976-07-09 | frequency converter |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS537111A JPS537111A (en) | 1978-01-23 |
JPS5926140B2 true JPS5926140B2 (en) | 1984-06-25 |
Family
ID=13764781
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP8209276A Expired JPS5926140B2 (en) | 1976-07-09 | 1976-07-09 | frequency converter |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5926140B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2897661B2 (en) * | 1994-11-11 | 1999-05-31 | 日本電気株式会社 | Voltage controlled SAW oscillator |
-
1976
- 1976-07-09 JP JP8209276A patent/JPS5926140B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS537111A (en) | 1978-01-23 |
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