JPS5922862B2 - Insulating building structure and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the structure of buildings, and more particularly to the structure and construction method of walls, floors, ceilings, etc., using synthetic resin foam as a heat insulating material.

In recent years, energy saving in the heating and cooling of buildings and dew condensation on walls in winter have become a major problem, and improving the insulation of walls, floors, ceilings, etc. has become an important issue.

Glass fibers and synthetic resin foams have conventionally been used as thermal insulation materials for buildings, and among them, synthetic resin foams, especially expanded polystyrene, are widely used because they are economically superior.

However, when a mortar finish is applied directly to the surface of a synthetic resin foam, there are serious drawbacks such as poor adhesion and the occurrence of cracks.

For example, the direct adhesive force between foamed polystyrene and mortar is very weak, and the adhesion is only achieved by the anchoring effect of slag entering the recesses on the foam surface.

Therefore, when finishing a foamed polystyrene surface, the construction method requires a very different surface-specific process: applying cement slag, roughening the slag surface, undercoating, intermediate coating, and topcoating (finishing).

Additionally, a method has been adopted in which a cold shield or lath is applied to the surface of the foam to improve the adhesion of the mortar.

Despite the construction started in this way, the occurrence of cracks was unavoidable in walls etc. obtained by conventional construction methods.

For example, when mortar is applied to expanded polystyrene, free shrinkage of approximately 0.34% (3.4 mm per meter of wall surface) occurs, but this value is higher than the restrained shrinkage when mortar is applied directly to concrete. This is approximately 4 times as large as the previous year, making it even more likely that cracks will occur.

When finishing the surface of a foam, the present inventors conducted research on the material and construction method for an undercoat material that has excellent adhesion and does not cause cracks, and found that it is possible to add pulverized expanded polystyrene particles to the undercoat material as an admixture. They discovered that the adhesion was improved and cracks on the top coated surface could be prevented, and the present invention was completed.

That is, the gist of the present invention is to provide a thermally insulating architectural structure having an intermediate layer and a finishing layer, which may have multiple layers, applied to the upper surface of a synthetic resin foam adhered to a concrete surface.
The present invention resides in a heat-insulating architectural structure characterized in that the F coating layer in contact with the synthetic resin foam of the intermediate layer contains an admixture consisting of pulverized expanded polystyrene particles.

As a result of mixing an admixture consisting of crushed polystyrene foam particles into the base coat material, when the base coat material is applied to a foam such as a wall surface, the crushed polystyrene foam particles are compressed by the pressure of the trowel, and a large amount of slag adheres to the surface of the foam body. Adhesion strength is significantly increased.

For example, cement-expanded polystyrene crushed granules (40 kg vs. 1.5 kg mixture) are applied to the surface of an expanded polystyrene plate.
When applied, the tensile breaking strength reaches 1.8 to 2.0 kg/ffl, which is equal to the breaking strength of expanded polystyrene.
Tensile breaking strength is about 0.8-1.
It reaches 2 kg/crtt.

Furthermore, when using a cementol expanded polystyrene pulverized granule mixture as a base coating material, the elongation of the mixture is 0.1 to 0.
．． 6, a considerable part of the free shrinkage in the prior art is absorbed by the elongation, reducing the occurrence of cracks.

In addition, when gypsum plaster--pulverized polystyrene foam particles are used as the undercoating material, gypsum plaster hardly shrinks, so walls, floors, ceilings, etc. can be coated with less cracks.

Finishing may be done directly on top of the base coat, but if the intermediate coat is
It is desirable to apply it once or more than once.

For example, if the base coating material is cement mortar - pulverized expanded polystyrene granules, applying a mortar containing pulverized expanded styrene granules as an admixture will improve the effectiveness of preventing cracks and peeling after hardening. .

In addition, these effects will be even more impressive if sand-filled gypsum plaster, which has less shrinkage, is used as the intermediate coating material.

On the other hand, if the base coating material is gypsum plaster - pulverized expanded polystyrene granules, gypsum plaster containing pulverized expanded polystyrene granules as an admixture may be used as the intermediate coating material, but if gypsum plaster containing sand is used as the intermediate coating material, peeling of the finish layer will be prevented. You can do less.

The pulverized expanded polystyrene particles used as an admixture in the present invention are produced by pulverizing a foamed sheet, etc., and are particles in which the cells on the surface are open and the inside remains closed cells.

Therefore, it has excellent water retention, prevents mortar from drying out, and prevents mortar from becoming brittle.

The size of the foamed polystyrene pulverized particles is disadvantageous because if it is exposed too much, the upper coating material will peel off9.When applying an intermediate coating material or a finishing layer, a considerable coating thickness must be allowed in order to coat the particles, which is disadvantageous.

Therefore, it is preferable to set the distance between 2 and 5 times.

Adhesives, such as vinyl acetate adhesives such as polyvinyl acetate alcohol, cellulose adhesives such as cellulose acetate, methyl cellulose, and hydroxypropyl cellulose, may be added to the admixture to improve water retention and caking properties. can.

Furthermore, as a binder, a fiber material with a length of 2 to 100 mm, preferably 3 to 107 n1L, with low elasticity and high corrosion resistance, such as natural fiber, synthetic fiber (nylon fiber, acrylic fiber, etc.) or glass fiber, is mixed. It can also be added to materials.

- The construction method of the present invention can be carried out on the surface of any synthetic resin foam, and is used, for example, for construction on the surface of foamed polystyrene, foamed polyolefin (foamed polyethylene, etc.), polyvinyl chloride foam, etc.

An example of the method for constructing a heat insulating wall of the present invention will be specifically explained.

When cement mortar/pulverized expanded polystyrene particles are used as the undercoating material: 40 kg of cement, 1.5 kp of expanded polystyrene pulverized granule admixture, and 20 to 221 g of water are sufficiently stirred to form the undercoating material and intermediate coating.

After sufficiently dampening the surface of the synthetic resin foam attached to the concrete wall surface, a primer material is applied to a thickness of 5 to 7 mm.

Preferably, water curing is performed the day after application of the primer material to improve adhesive strength.

After curing for 14 days or more, an intermediate coating material is applied to a thickness of 5 to 7 cm, and curing is performed for 7 days or more.

It is preferable to repeat this intermediate coating process two to three times.

Finally, add 2-5 m of lightweight mortar or gypsum plaster.
Finishing is performed by applying the material to a thickness of m, and as a finishing material, gypsum plaster is more preferable as it has little shrinkage and can prevent the occurrence of cracks.

When using gypsum plaster-expanded polystyrene pulverized particles as the undercoating material, 50 kg of gypsum plaster, 1.5 kg of expanded polystyrene, and yF251 are sufficiently stirred to form the undercoating material.

After the surface of the synthetic resin foam attached to the concrete wall is dampened with water, a primer material is applied to a coating thickness of 5 to 7 mrn.

After curing for 1 to 7 days, an intermediate coating material having the same composition as the base coating material is applied to a coating thickness of 5 to 7 mm, and curing is performed for 1 to 7 days.

It is preferable to repeat this intermediate coating process two to three times.

Furthermore, sand-containing gypsum plaster can also be used as the intermediate coating material for the second and subsequent coatings.

Finishing is done by applying gypsum plaster to a thickness of 2 to 5 mm.

When gypsum plaster is used as the undercoat and/or intermediate coat, it is not preferable to finish with mortar because cracks will occur due to the difference in shrinkage rate.

As the cement and gypsum plaster, ordinary Boldland cement, gypsum plaster for boards, gypsum plaster for concrete, etc. can be used.

According to the construction method of the present invention, the steps of slaging, roughening, undercoating, and roughening the surface of synthetic resin foam in conventional construction methods can be done by one application of undercoat material containing admixtures, so the construction time and labor are significantly reduced. It is shortened, reduced and economical.

In addition, the thermally insulating architectural structure obtained by the construction method of the present invention is
It has excellent adhesion between the synthetic resin foam and the undercoat material, and can significantly prevent the occurrence of cracks.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a heat-insulating building structure having an intermediate layer and a finishing layer, which may have multiple layers, applied to the upper surface of a synthetic resin foam adhered to a concrete surface, the synthetic resin foam of the intermediate layer A thermally insulating architectural structure characterized in that the adjoining primer layer contains an admixture consisting of pulverized expanded polystyrene particles. 2. The heat-insulating architectural structure according to claim 1, wherein the synthetic resin foam is expanded polystyrene. 3. On the surface of the synthetic resin foam attached to the concrete surface, apply a primer material containing an admixture consisting of crushed expanded polystyrene particles, and if necessary, apply an intermediate coating material once or more than once to form an intermediate layer. A method of constructing a thermally insulating architectural structure, characterized in that a finishing layer is applied and then a finishing layer is applied. 4. The construction method according to claim 3, wherein the synthetic resin foam is expanded polystyrene.