JPS59227969A - Crushing agent for brittle material and method for crushing - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a crushing agent which is easy to handle and suitable for use in crushing brittle materials (rock, concrete, brick, etc.) having an unrestricted service life, by granulating a powdered raw material mainly composed of quick lime. CONSTITUTION:100pts.wt. quick lime, 0.01-5pts.wt. hydration reaction retarder (e.g. hydroxycarboxylic acid or salt), 0.05-5pts.wt. hydration reaction retarding aid (e.g. sodium bicarbonate) and 0.1-5pts.wt. water are mixed together. The resulting powdered raw material (pref. one having such a particle size distribution that 10-60wt% particles does not pass through an 88mu sieve) is molded under pressure or by rolling into a granule having a diameter of 1.5-15mm., thus obtaining the desired crushing agent for brittle materials. The crushing agent is packed in holes formed on the brittle material and brought into contact with water to effect a hydration reaction, whereby the brittle material is crushed by the pressure of expansion.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a crushing agent for crushing so-called brittle objects such as rocks, concrete, and bricks without using explosives, and a crushing method using the crushing agent.

As a method for crushing brittle objects, many methods have been proposed in the past that utilize the expansion force caused by hydration of quicklime or other materials. Specifically, a method is used in which a hole is drilled in a brittle object, an aqueous slurry is filled with a powdery mixture such as quicklime or other powder that develops expansion force through hydration, and the brittle object is crushed by the expansion force (hereinafter referred to as a method). There is a method in which a water-permeable container filled with the powder mixture is filled into the hole and is soaked in water for a short time to absorb water, and then inserted (hereinafter referred to as the capsule method).

In the aqueous slurry method, it is necessary to knead the powder mixture with water, so a method of stirring and mixing is required. It is necessary to be able to maintain water for at least 30 minutes, preferably 60 minutes, and if the hole is flooded with water due to rain, etc., it is necessary to remove the water or gradually replace it with slurry. There are many drawbacks, such as a significant decrease in efficiency.On the other hand, in the capsule method, there is no need to fill the pores with an aqueous slurry, so there is no need to place particular emphasis on fluidity retention time (hereinafter referred to as pot life). However, when filling a hole, especially when the hole is deep, there is a disadvantage that it requires a lot of effort to press fit.

The present invention provides a crushing agent for brittle objects that is easy to use and has good work efficiency, without the need for troublesome filling operations such as mixed wire stirring or press-fitting, and without the need to ensure a pot life, and a crushing method using the crushing agent. The purpose is to provide

According to the present invention, there is provided a granular brittle object crushing agent characterized in that a powdery raw material containing quicklime as a main component is granulated into a diameter of 15 m to 15 cylinders by pressure molding or transfer molding.

Further, according to the present invention, a powdery raw material containing quicklime as a main component is formed by pressure molding or transfer molding to form a powder having a diameter of 1.5n+.
A brittle material characterized by filling pores formed in a brittle object with a granular crushing agent granulated to a size of +n to 15 m, contacting with water, and causing a hydration reaction in the pores after filling. A method of crushing an object is provided.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below.

The crushing agent for brittle objects of the present invention can be produced by granulating a powdery raw material containing quicklime as a main component. In the present invention, not only hard-burned quicklime but also soft-burned quicklime can be used as the raw material quicklime.

Generally, in the quicklime-based crushing agent used in the aqueous slurry method, it is necessary to use so-called hard calcined quicklime as the quicklime raw material in order to ensure pot life. A major feature is that soft burnt quicklime can be used. In the present invention, since the slurry is not filled, there is no need to ensure a pot life, and after the granulated crushing agent is filled into the pores formed in the brittle object, it is brought into contact with water and a hydration reaction occurs within the pores. This is to cause

In the present invention, when preparing the powdered raw material, the activity of the quicklime, the usage conditions of the granular crushing agent, such as the applied temperature, the strength of the brittle object to be destroyed, etc. Water can be added as a partial digestive agent. For example, if the quicklime is soft-burned quicklime and has a high degree of activity, a hydration reaction retarder and/or a hydration reaction retardant aid and/or
Alternatively, it is desirable to add water as a partial extinguishing agent.

Oxycarboxylic acids or their salts can be used as hydration reaction retarders, such as gluconic acid, glucoheptonic acid,
Examples include araponic acid, malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, mucilage acid, sugar acid, salicylic acid, etc., or lactones of oxycarboxylic acids or their salts which can be converted into oxycarboxylic acids in the presence of water. Examples of the salts of these oxycarboxylic acids include alkali metal salts such as sodium salts and potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salts and magnesium salts, ammonium salts, trimethylamine salts, triethylamine salts, jetanolamine salts, and triethylamine salts. Examples include organic salts such as ethanolamine salts. These oxycarboxylic acids or salts thereof may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, examples of hydration reaction retarders include delayed water reducing agents or delayed AE water reducing agents among commercially available chemical admixtures for concrete, such as naphthalene sulfonic acid formalin high condensates, polyol complexes, lignin sulfonates, etc. .

These may be used in combination with the oxycarboxylic acid or its salt.

Carbonate is used as a hydration reaction retarding aid. Carbonates include alkali metal salts such as lithium carbonate or bicarbonate salts, sodium salts, potassium salts, triethylamine salts,
Examples include organic base salts such as jetanolamine salt and triethanolamine salt. These carbonates may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

In the present invention, water can also be added as a partial digesting agent for quicklime when preparing the powdered raw material. Water is added when the activity of quicklime is high or when the temperature at which the granular crushing agent is used is high, but depending on the size of the pores formed in the brittle object, the amount of the hydration reaction retardant added, and the hydration reaction retardant aid. It is desirable to take these into consideration.

The hydration reaction retardant, hydration reaction retardant and water may be added individually or in combination. The addition ratio is not necessarily critical, but to 100 parts by weight of quicklime, hydration reaction retardant 001-5 parts by weight, hydration reaction retardant aid 005-5 parts by weight, and water 01-5 parts by weight are added. Generally, it is added.

If the amount of the hydration reaction retardant and/or hydration reaction prolonging agent is less than the above range, the retardation effect may not be expressed;
If it exceeds the above range, the hydration reaction may be too delayed and the expansion pressure may decrease.

In addition, if the amount of water added is less than the above range, the amount of digested active parts of quicklime is too small, so when water is added to the granular crushing agent filled in the pores, the hydration reaction progresses rapidly and exhibits a gun phenomenon. On the other hand, if the above range is exceeded, the amount of quicklime to be hydrated in the pores is too small and the expansion pressure may drop.

The powdered raw material used in the present invention has an 88 μm sieve residue of 1 to 6
It is desirable to grind the powder to about 0% by weight.

If the 88 μm wJ residue is less than the above range, the hydration reaction will proceed rapidly if water is added to the granular crushing agent. It is necessary to use a large amount exceeding the above range, which is undesirable from the viewpoint of cost and expansion pressure.On the other hand, if the coarseness exceeds the above range, the hydration reaction of the quicklime particles will proceed unevenly and insufficiently, resulting in lower expansion pressure. have an unfavorable effect on expression.

The granular crushing agent of the present invention is granulated to a diameter of 1.5+++ m to 15 m by pressure molding or transfer molding. Granulation is usually carried out by pressure molding using a rotary pressure tablet machine, or alternatively. Due to the drum-type granulation method, bread-type matrices are mixed with binders that do not participate in the hydration of the crushing agent, such as liquid diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, and triethanolamine, which are used as crushing aids during cement production. It is common to mold it. If the diameter is less than 1.5 m+n, the resistance when water is injected is large, water penetrates unevenly, and it becomes difficult to exert a uniform expansion pressure, making it unusable.

On the other hand, if the diameter exceeds 15 mm, if the filling hole formed in the brittle object to be destroyed is small, the filling of the crushing agent will be uneven and insufficient, the voids will become large, and the amount of water injected will become insufficient to achieve the crushing effect. If the amount exceeds the preferable 20 to 50 weight percent, crushing pressure will not be sufficiently exerted, so it cannot be used.

There is no problem even if a mixture of materials with different diameters is used. In this case, since the packing density of the granular crushing agent is improved, good results are obtained in exerting crushing pressure.

In the present invention, the granular crushing agent produced as described above is filled into holes formed in a brittle object to be destroyed, brought into contact with water, and after filling, a hydration reaction occurs in the holes. The most common method of contacting water is to drill a hole in the brittle object and inject water into the hole when the brittle object to be destroyed is a structure made of rocks, concrete, bricks, etc. on land. . The hydration reaction retardant and/or the hydration reaction retardant aid may be dissolved in water. The amount of the hydration reaction retardant and/or hydration reaction retardant aid added to water varies depending on conditions such as the type of crushing agent, the degree of activity, the strength of the brittle object to be destroyed, the temperature of the injected water, and the air temperature. Usually 02-10
．． The solution is 0% by weight. If the amount of the hydration reaction retardant or hydration reaction retardant aid added to water is less than the above range, the hydration reaction may progress rapidly and cause a gunshot effect depending on the type of granular crushing agent, the usage conditions of the crushing agent, etc. On the other hand, if the above range is exceeded, the inflation pressure may decrease.

Destroy 9! - If the fragile object is an underwater structure that must be destroyed after a certain period of time, for example, there are large concrete blocks with a weight of 10 to 20 tons for fixing set nets in set net fishing. These fixed nets are generally moved from one location to another every few years, and the concrete blocks have conventionally been crushed by diving work, since the location after the move is released to a bottom trawling area or the like.

In the present invention, when destroying such an underwater structure, a crushing agent is filled in a hole provided in advance during molding of the structure or a hole formed by drilling to prevent it from coming into contact with water, and the hole is shut off after a predetermined period of time. can be released to allow contact between the water and the crushing agent. For example, a pipe made of an alkali-resistant and water-resistant material such as polyvinyl chloride and sealed at the lower end is inserted into the hole to serve as a partition to prevent the crushing agent from coming into direct contact with the underwater structure. It is possible to fill an object crushing agent in advance with a barrier to water and release the barrier at a predetermined time to allow water to enter and destroy the object.

In this case, if the target is an underwater structure, the pipe to be inserted in advance must be seawater resistant.

According to the present invention, a brittle object can be destroyed with a simple operation without considering the pot life of the crushing agent, and high expansion pressure can be developed without a gunshot effect.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained with reference to examples. Note that % and parts are based on weight.

Example 1 75 kg of soft calcined lime (activity: 314) coarsely crushed to the particle size of 10 cocoon sieves, 0.38 kg of an oxycarboxylate-based hydration reaction retardant, and 0 sodium carbonate as a hydration reaction retardant. 0.07 kg and 0.75 kg of water as water for partial digestion of quicklime were added and ground in a ball mill until the residue on an 88 μm sieve was 40% to prepare a crushing agent for powdery brittle objects.

This powdered crushing agent was molded into granules with diameters of 3.6.10 mm and 13.15 mm using a rotary pressure tablet machine under a total pressure of 3 tons to obtain a crushing agent for granular brittle objects. In addition, those having a diameter of 1.5.1.0 wm were molded using a pan-type granulator using diethylene glycol as a binder. The granular crushing agent B was placed in a constant temperature room τ at 20°C, filled with an iron pipe, and water at 20°C was added to the top of the granular crushing agent to measure the expansion pressure. The measurement results of the expansion pressure are shown in Table 1.

Note that the activity of quicklime shown in the examples is a 10 minute value determined by the following method. That is, the sample quicklime is
Crushed to a size of 5 m, 50 g of it was poured into 2000 mj of dry water at 40°C, stirred under constant conditions, and neutralized and titrated with 4N HCl using phenolphthalein as an indicator. The consumption amount (mj) of 4N-HCj 5 minutes and 10 minutes after sample injection is called the activity, and is expressed as a 5-minute value and a 10-minute value. In addition, the expansion pressure measurement test was carried out by the following method. In other words, JISG3
Cut 454 carbon #I steel pipe 25 (A) into a length of 40 cm, weld one end of the pipe to a steel plate, and stand it vertically with the opening facing up. Paper strain gauges are attached to two locations on the outer circumference of the pipe, granular molding crushing agent is filled from the opening of the pipe, water is injected, the expansion static strain of the pipe is measured while cooling the pipe outer wall, and the expansion pressure is determined by calculation. (kgf/ci) Table 1 Although the so-called gun phenomenon was not observed in any of the tests in Table 1, in the case of diameter 1.0 m + n (Test No. 1), the penetration of water was uneven and the expansion pressure could not be measured. It is difficult and has problems in practical use, so it cannot be used. In addition, the diameter is 15 mm (test sample 7
), the amount of water becomes excessive and the expansion pressure decreases, so if it exceeds this, it cannot be used practically. It can be seen that when used as a mixture (Test No. 8.9), water permeation is uniform and a high expansion pressure can be obtained.

Example 2 A granular crushing agent with a diameter of 6+++n obtained by the operation described in Example 1 was filled into an iron pipe, and 20°C seawater was added to the top of the granular crushing agent in a constant temperature room at 20°C to measure the expansion pressure. . The measurement results of the expansion pressure are shown in Table 2. Seawater contains NaCl, MgSO4, NgCl2, CaSO
4.Although it contains various salts such as KCI, no gunpowder phenomenon was observed, and the expansion pressure was developed normally, indicating that this crushing agent can be safely used for crushing underwater structures.

Table 2 Example 3 0.75 kg of water was added as water for partial digestion of quicklime to 75 kg of quicklime which had been crushed to a particle size that would fit through the 10m+n sieve used in Example 1, and the mixture was milled in a ball mill until the residue on the 88 μm sieve reached 37%. The powder was pulverized to prepare a powdery brittle object crushing agent. This was prepared using the method described in Example 1 with a diameter of 6 m.
The material was pressure molded into a granular brittle object crushing agent.

This granular crushing agent was filled into an iron pipe in a constant temperature room at 5°C to 20°C and 35°C, and an aqueous solution having the composition listed in Table 3 at 5°C, 20°C and 35°C was added up to the top of the granular crushing agent. The inflation pressure was measured.

The expansion pressure measurement results are shown in Table 3.

In all of Table 3, no gunpowder phenomenon was observed, and the expansion pressure after 24 hours exceeded 200 kgf/atIr, indicating that it was sufficiently effective as a crushing agent for brittle objects.

That is, when soft calcined quicklime is crushed, it is partially digested with a small amount of water, and then, taking into account external conditions such as temperature, water or water added with an appropriate hydration reaction retardant or hydration reaction retardant is added. It is clear that brittle objects can be safely crushed by

Example 4 Commercially available powder-like brittle material crushing agent A (spring/autumn crushing agent made from hard calcined lime with an activity level of 79) and crushing agent B (clinker-based spring/autumn crushing agent) were described in Example 1, respectively. The product was pressure-molded into granules with a diameter of 6 m by the method described in Example 1, and the expansion pressure at 20° C. was measured according to the method described in Example 1, and the results shown in Table 4 were obtained. As a comparative example, the expansion pressure at 20° C. of the same powdered crushing agent kneaded with 30% water was measured, and the results are also listed in Table 4.

The chemical analysis values (%) of crushing agents A and B are shown in Table 5.

No gunpowder phenomenon was observed in either case, and it is clear that the method of the present invention, in which commercially available powdered crushing agents are formed into granules, filled into holes, and then injected with water, can achieve crushing effects equivalent to the aqueous slurry method. be.

Patent applicant: Mitsubishi Mining and Cement Co., Ltd. Procedural Amendment (
Spontaneous) September 28, 1980 Director-General of the Patent Office Kazuo Wakasugi Case 1 Display Showa, Kazuo,! i% 8th Patent Application No. 103740 2 Invention Σ - Crushing agent and crushing method for brittle objects 3 Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant Mitsubishi Mining and Cement Co., Ltd. 4 Attorney 5 Specification subject to amendment Section 6 of "Detailed Description of the Invention" Contents of Amendment The description will be amended as shown in the attached sheet.

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A granular brittle object crushing agent characterized in that a powdery raw material containing quicklime as a main component is granulated to a diameter of 15 m to 15 m by pressure molding or transfer molding. (2) Pressure molding or transfer molding of powdered raw material containing quicklime as the main component to a diameter of 1.5+mm to 15+w+
Crushing of a brittle object, characterized in that a granular crushing agent obtained by granulating the above is filled into pores formed in a brittle object, brought into contact with water, and a hydration reaction occurs in the pores after filling. Method. (3) After filling the holes with the granular crushing agent, water is injected into the holes to bring the water and the crushing agent into contact with each other. Crushing method. (4) A hydration reaction retardant and/or a hydration reaction retardant aid is dissolved in the water and injected into the holes to bring the water into contact with the crushing agent. The crushing method described in Section 3. (5) Filling the hole with the granular crushing agent blocked to prevent contact with water, immersing the brittle object in water, and releasing the block after a predetermined period of time to prevent contact between water and the crushing agent. The crushing method according to claim 2, characterized in that the crushing method is carried out.