JPS5921573B2 - greenhouse heating device - Google Patents
greenhouse heating deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5921573B2 JPS5921573B2 JP50024007A JP2400775A JPS5921573B2 JP S5921573 B2 JPS5921573 B2 JP S5921573B2 JP 50024007 A JP50024007 A JP 50024007A JP 2400775 A JP2400775 A JP 2400775A JP S5921573 B2 JPS5921573 B2 JP S5921573B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- greenhouse
- earth
- container
- crops
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Greenhouses (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の利用分野〕
本発明は温室内の温度が低下した時、温室中の作物近傍
を加熱する温室加熱装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a greenhouse heating device that heats the vicinity of crops in a greenhouse when the temperature inside the greenhouse drops.
第１図は従来の温室加熱装置の概略図構成である。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional greenhouse heating device.
温室壁１と透明シート２（たとえばビニールガラス）に
よって構成された温室中の大地３に作物４が植えられて
いる。Crops 4 are planted on the ground 3 in a greenhouse constituted by a greenhouse wall 1 and a transparent sheet 2 (for example, vinyl glass).
温室中の作物４は昼間太陽輻射熱を受けて成育するが、
夜間は太陽輻射熱を利用できないので太陽輻射熱以外の
熱を利用せざるを得ない。Crop 4 in the greenhouse grows by receiving solar radiant heat during the day,
Since solar radiant heat cannot be used at night, heat sources other than solar radiant heat must be used.
その熱源としては電気ヒーターや石油等の熱焼ガスの他
に第１図に示すように地熱も利用される。As a heat source, in addition to electric heaters and heated gases such as oil, geothermal heat is also used as shown in Figure 1.
第１図の大地３には、たて穴５および５′とそれらを結
びつげている横穴６が設けられている。The ground 3 in FIG. 1 is provided with vertical holes 5 and 5' and a horizontal hole 6 connecting them.
このたて穴５，５′および横穴６を利用して大地３の地
熱を夜間取り出して使用するものである。The vertical holes 5, 5' and the horizontal holes 6 are used to extract geothermal heat from the earth 3 at night and use it.
夜間は温室中の空気に接している大地３０表面の温度は
低くなるが、大地３の深い位置の温度はそれほど低下し
ていない。At night, the temperature of the surface of the earth 30 that is in contact with the air in the greenhouse becomes low, but the temperature deep within the earth 3 does not drop that much.
したがって大地３の深い位置に設けられた横穴６中の空
気の温度は温室内の空気より高いためたて穴５，５′を
通って対流を起す。Therefore, the temperature of the air in the horizontal hole 6 provided deep in the ground 3 is higher than the air inside the greenhouse, causing convection through the vertical holes 5, 5'.
すなわち大地３の深い位置にある地熱は空気の対流によ
って大地３上部に輸送され、作物４の加熱に利用される
。That is, the geothermal heat located deep in the earth 3 is transported to the upper part of the earth 3 by air convection and is used for heating the crops 4.
しかし地熱といってもこの例ではその表面近傍の利用で
あり、大地の熱伝導率はわるいのでそれより取り出され
る熱は少ない。However, in this example, geothermal energy is used near the surface of the earth, and since the earth has poor thermal conductivity, less heat is extracted from the earth.
また大地３がら空気の対流運動によって取り出された熱
は、薄い透明シート２の外表面に接している冷たい外気
に持ち去られ易い。Furthermore, the heat extracted from the ground 3 by the convection movement of the air is easily carried away by the cold outside air that is in contact with the outer surface of the thin transparent sheet 2.
本発明の目的は、上述した従来技術の欠点を改良し、温
室内の余剰熱及び太陽輻射熱の両方を大量に蓄熱し、こ
れに夜間必要な時に必要な量だけ効率よく作物に与える
ように制御することを目的としている。The purpose of the present invention is to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, store a large amount of both surplus heat in a greenhouse and solar radiant heat, and control it so that it can be efficiently applied to crops in the required amount at night. It is intended to.
本発明の要点は、蒸発−凝縮作用を利用した二つのバル
ブ付き密閉容器を用い、一つは蓄熱容器への蓄熱用に、
もう一つは蓄熱容器から作物への放熱用に用いている。The key point of the present invention is to use two closed containers with valves that utilize evaporation-condensation, one for storing heat in a heat storage container.
The other one is used to radiate heat from the heat storage container to the crops.
モしてバルブによって熱の出し入れを制御することによ
り温度を適当に制御できるようにしている。The temperature can be appropriately controlled by controlling the input and output of heat using valves.
また蓄熱用の密閉容器の一端は温室内に設置し、温室内
の余剰熱の他、太陽からの輻射熱を受けるための集熱器
となっている。In addition, one end of the sealed container for heat storage is installed inside the greenhouse, and serves as a heat collector to receive radiant heat from the sun in addition to excess heat within the greenhouse.
以下本発明の実施例について詳細に説明する。 Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below.
第２図は本発明の温室加熱装置の概略構成図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the greenhouse heating device of the present invention.
昼間作物４および大地３０表面は透明シート２を通して
太陽輻射熱によって加熱されるが、この熱の一部は大地
３の下部に熱伝導によって移動して下方に蓄えられる。During the day, the surfaces of the crops 4 and the ground 30 are heated by solar radiation through the transparent sheet 2, but some of this heat moves to the lower part of the ground 3 by thermal conduction and is stored downward.
残りは大地３０表面に接している温室中の空気の対流に
よって内部の空気に伝わり、その一部は透明シート２お
よび温室壁１の外表面から冷たい空気中に逃げる。The rest is transferred to the air inside the greenhouse by convection of air in contact with the surface of the earth 30, and a part of it escapes from the outer surfaces of the transparent sheet 2 and the greenhouse wall 1 into the cold air.
２０大地３０表面に接している温室中の空気に保有され
ている熱を回収するために、密閉容器７（鉄や銅等の金
属）の一端が温室の空気中に、他端が大地３の深い位置
に埋設しである。20 In order to recover the heat held in the air in the greenhouse that is in contact with the surface of the earth 30, one end of the sealed container 7 (made of metal such as iron or copper) is placed in the air of the greenhouse, and the other end is placed on the earth 3. It is buried deep.
そしてこの密閉容器７の他端には、大地３に埋設され、
大地３と共に蓄熱装置を構成する蓄熱容器７“が連結さ
れている。And at the other end of this airtight container 7, it is buried in the earth 3,
A heat storage container 7'', which constitutes a heat storage device together with the earth 3, is connected.
密閉容器７の中間部にはバルブ１２が設けてするが、こ
れは温室中の空気の温度が大地３の深い所の温度より高
い時のみ開けるためのものであり、両者の温度検出器（
たとえばサーミスタ、熱電対）によって検出する。A valve 12 is provided in the middle of the airtight container 7, but this is only opened when the temperature of the air in the greenhouse is higher than the temperature deep in the earth 3.
For example, it is detected by a thermistor or thermocouple).
これは人為的に温度を検出して、その結果に基づいて操
作してもよいが、さらに、この２つの温度の大小により
自動的に開閉すればさらに有効である。This may be done by manually detecting the temperature and operating based on the result, but it would be even more effective if it were opened and closed automatically depending on the magnitude of these two temperatures.
この密閉容器７の中には多孔物質８（たとえばグラスウ
ール、焼結金属、金網）が内張すされていて、この多孔
物質８には液体（たとえば水、アルコール、フレオン）
が含浸しである。This airtight container 7 is lined with a porous material 8 (e.g. glass wool, sintered metal, wire mesh), and this porous material 8 contains a liquid (e.g. water, alcohol, Freon).
is impregnated.
温室中の空気の温度が高い場合には、密閉容器７に付い
ているフィン９には温室中の空気の保有している熱およ
び直接太陽輻射熱を受けるが、この熱はフィン９から密
閉容器７に伝わり、さらにその中に内張すされている多
孔物質８に伝わる。When the temperature of the air in the greenhouse is high, the fins 9 attached to the closed container 7 receive heat from the air in the greenhouse and direct solar radiation heat, but this heat is transferred from the fins 9 to the closed container 7. and further to the porous material 8 lined therein.
つまり温室中の密閉容器７の一端は太陽熱集熱器でもあ
る。In other words, one end of the closed container 7 in the greenhouse is also a solar heat collector.
多孔物質８中には液体が含浸されているため、この液体
は蒸発を起し、蒸気圧差によって密閉容器Ｔの他端すな
わち大地３中に埋設されている蓄熱容器Ｔ“の内壁に向
って移動し、その内壁に内張すされている多孔物質８部
において凝縮の潜熱を放出して凝縮する。Since the porous material 8 is impregnated with liquid, this liquid evaporates and moves toward the other end of the closed container T, that is, the inner wall of the heat storage container T'' buried in the earth 3 due to the vapor pressure difference. Then, the latent heat of condensation is released and condensed in 8 parts of the porous material lined on the inner wall.
この熱は密閉容器７“を通り抜けて、その外周部に付け
であるフィン１０を介して大地３中に蓄えられる。This heat passes through the closed container 7'' and is stored in the ground 3 via the fins 10 attached to its outer periphery.
一方凝縮した液体は多孔物質８の毛細血管力によって再
び元に戻され、前と同じサイクルをくり返す。On the other hand, the condensed liquid is returned to its original state by the capillary force of the porous material 8, and the same cycle as before is repeated.
このような方法によって温室中の空気の保有する熱およ
び太陽輻射熱は蓄熱装置における蓄熱材である大地３に
蓄えられる。By such a method, the heat held by the air in the greenhouse and the solar radiation heat are stored in the earth 3, which is the heat storage material in the heat storage device.
蓄熱装置を構成する大地３中に埋設された蓄熱容器７“
には、もう１本の密閉容器７′が付いている。A heat storage container 7" buried in the earth 3 constituting a heat storage device
is equipped with another sealed container 7'.
フィン１１の付いている密閉容器７′の一端は作物４の
下部の大地３中に埋設されていて、その途中にはバルブ
１３が付いている。One end of the closed container 7' with fins 11 is buried in the earth 3 below the crop 4, and a valve 13 is attached in the middle.
夜間には大地３の深い位置の温度よりも温室中の空気の
温度が低くなるため、それに接している大地３の表層部
および作物４の温度は下がるが、密閉容器７に付いてい
るバルブ１２を閉じ密閉容器７′に付いているバルブ１
３を開（ことによって先に説明した液体の蒸発と凝縮現
象によって大地３の深い位置に蓄えられた熱は作物４下
部の大地３に輸送され大地３側から作物４は熱を受ける
。At night, the temperature of the air in the greenhouse is lower than the temperature deep inside the earth 3, so the temperature of the surface layer of the earth 3 and the crops 4 that are in contact with it decreases, but the temperature of the air in the greenhouse is lower than the temperature deep inside the earth 3. Close the valve 1 attached to the sealed container 7'.
3 (by this, the heat stored deep in the earth 3 due to the liquid evaporation and condensation phenomenon described earlier is transported to the earth 3 below the crops 4, and the crops 4 receive heat from the earth 3 side.
バルブ１３の開度の変更あるいは開閉頻度の調節により
、熱輸送量を変え、温度制御ができる。By changing the opening degree of the valve 13 or adjusting the opening/closing frequency, the amount of heat transport can be changed and the temperature can be controlled.
このように密閉容器７“を作物４下部に埋設しておくと
大地３の深い位置に蓄えられた熱は直接作物４に与えら
れ、第１図の従来例よりは有効に作物４の加熱に利用さ
れる。By burying the airtight container 7'' under the crops 4 in this way, the heat stored deep in the earth 3 is directly applied to the crops 4, which is more effective in heating the crops 4 than in the conventional example shown in FIG. used.
第３図は本発明の温室加熱装置の他の例を示すものであ
る。FIG. 3 shows another example of the greenhouse heating device of the present invention.
この例は蓄熱装置の蓄熱材として大地３を利用する代り
に、蓄熱容器１４中に満された蓄熱材１５に温室中の空
気の保有している熱、あるいは太陽からの輻射熱を蓄え
るようにしたものである。In this example, instead of using the earth 3 as the heat storage material of the heat storage device, the heat held in the air in the greenhouse or the radiant heat from the sun is stored in the heat storage material 15 filled in the heat storage container 14. It is something.
したがってこの蓄熱材１５中には密閉容器７および７′
の他端が設置されている。Therefore, in this heat storage material 15, there are closed containers 7 and 7'.
The other end of is installed.
動作原理については第２図での説明とまったく同様であ
る。The operating principle is exactly the same as the explanation in FIG. 2.
なお蓄熱容器１４および密閉容器７の一部の外表面には
断熱材１６が巻いてあり熱が外部へ逃げないようにしで
ある。Note that a heat insulating material 16 is wrapped around the outer surfaces of some of the heat storage container 14 and the closed container 7 to prevent heat from escaping to the outside.
第４図も本発明の温室加熱装置の他の例を示すものであ
る。FIG. 4 also shows another example of the greenhouse heating device of the present invention.
これは温室壁１を密閉容器７の一端で構成して、温室内
の余剰熱を回収するとともに、太陽輻射熱を積極的に取
入れるようにしたものである。This greenhouse wall 1 is constructed from one end of an airtight container 7 to recover surplus heat within the greenhouse and actively take in solar radiant heat.
このような構成にすると温室壁１から外部への熱の逃げ
を少な（することも可能である。With such a configuration, it is possible to reduce the escape of heat from the greenhouse wall 1 to the outside.
上記第２図、第３図、第４図に示す例において、密閉容
器７，７′はパイプ状に構成したものを複数本設置して
も良（、さらにそれらの受熱部分は平板状に構成しても
良いものである。In the examples shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 above, the closed containers 7, 7' may be configured in the form of a plurality of pipes (and their heat receiving portions may be configured in the form of a flat plate). It is okay to do so.
〔発明の効果〕
以上説明したように、本発明によれば■温室中に設けた
密閉容器（ヒートパイプ）の一端を利用し、空気の保有
熱の他、太陽からの輻射熱を直接受熱し、これらを大量
に蓄熱容器に蓄熱することができ、■夜間にはこれを作
物の下側から直接加熱することができ、■ヒートパイプ
に付いているバルブの開度を変えることによって熱輸送
量を変えて、温度を制御できるようになり、■透明シー
トから外部に逃げる熱を少なくして省エネルギー化し、
実用に供して便利となった。[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, one end of the airtight container (heat pipe) provided in the greenhouse is used to directly receive radiant heat from the sun in addition to the retained heat of the air; A large amount of these can be stored in a heat storage container, which can be heated directly from the underside of the crop at night, and the amount of heat transported can be reduced by changing the opening degree of the valve attached to the heat pipe. By changing the temperature, you can now control the temperature and save energy by reducing the amount of heat escaping from the transparent sheet to the outside.
It has become convenient for practical use.
第１図は従来の撫室加熱装置の概略構成図、第２図は本
発明の温室加熱装置の一例を説明する図、第３図および
第４図は本発明の温室加熱装置の他の例を説明する図で
ある。
１・・・・・・温室壁、２・・・・・・透明ルート、３
・・・・・・大地、４・・・・・・作物、７，７′・・
・・・・密閉容器、１２，１３・・・・・・バルブ、７
“、１４・・・・・・蓄熱容器、１５・・・・・・蓄熱
材。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional greenhouse heating device, FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the greenhouse heating device of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are other examples of the greenhouse heating device of the present invention. FIG. 1... Greenhouse wall, 2... Transparent route, 3
...earth, 4...crops, 7,7'...
...Airtight container, 12,13...Valve, 7
", 14... Heat storage container, 15... Heat storage material.
Claims (1)
記温室内の空間部には、内部に蒸発性液体を封入した太
陽の輻射熱受熱用の密閉容器７の一端側を配設し、この
密閉容器の他端側をバルブ１２を介して蓄熱容器７“、
１４に連結し、また前記温室内の作物の下側には、内部
に蒸発性液体を封入した放熱用の密閉容器７′の一端を
設け、この密閉容器の他端側をバルブ１３を介して前記
蓄熱容器７“、１４に連結し、もって温室内の余剰熱と
太陽輻射熱の両方を蓄熱容器に蓄熱し、この熱を放熱用
密閉容器に取り出すことにより、作物へ与える熱量と温
度を制御できるようにした温室加熱装置。1. In a greenhouse heating device for heating crops in a greenhouse, one end side of a closed container 7 for receiving solar radiant heat, which is filled with an evaporative liquid, is disposed in the space inside the greenhouse, and this closed container The other end is connected to the heat storage container 7'' via the valve 12,
14, and below the crops in the greenhouse, there is provided an airtight container 7' for heat dissipation, which has an evaporative liquid sealed inside, and the other end of the airtight container 7' is connected to the plant via the valve 13. By connecting to the heat storage containers 7'' and 14, storing both surplus heat in the greenhouse and solar radiant heat in the heat storage container, and extracting this heat to the heat radiating airtight container, it is possible to control the amount and temperature of heat given to the crops. Greenhouse heating equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP50024007A JPS5921573B2 (en) | 1975-02-28 | 1975-02-28 | greenhouse heating device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP50024007A JPS5921573B2 (en) | 1975-02-28 | 1975-02-28 | greenhouse heating device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS51100453A JPS51100453A (en) | 1976-09-04 |
| JPS5921573B2 true JPS5921573B2 (en) | 1984-05-21 |
Family
ID=12126489
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP50024007A Expired JPS5921573B2 (en) | 1975-02-28 | 1975-02-28 | greenhouse heating device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5921573B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS51135235A (en) * | 1975-05-15 | 1976-11-24 | Tokyo Sintered Metal Co Ltd | Ground temperature control |
| JPS5213853A (en) * | 1975-07-15 | 1977-02-02 | Tadahiro Yuuki | Temperature control for green house |
| JPS5216341A (en) * | 1975-07-22 | 1977-02-07 | Tadahiro Yuuki | Farm crop cultivation for green house |
| JPS5443388U (en) * | 1977-08-31 | 1979-03-24 |
-
1975
- 1975-02-28 JP JP50024007A patent/JPS5921573B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS51100453A (en) | 1976-09-04 |
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