JPS59211019A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To widen a visual angle by providing an area in which an orientation vector is different, on the same substrate. CONSTITUTION:A figure (a) shows an electrode pattern of a liquid crystal display element, and a figure (b) shows an orientation vector of two upper and lower glass substrates and an optimum visual angle direction. Also, a transfer 8 for connecting the two upper and lower glass substrates, Y axis electrodes Y1- Yk and X axis electrodes X1-Xk are provided. A visual angle is different since the orientation vector of the glass substrate is different in the upper side and the lower side of the drawing, therefore, in case the same display pattern is formed in the upper side and the lower side of the drawing, the visual angle is increased to two times as a result. In this regard, as for a method for making the glass substrate have the orientation vector, a rubbing method and a diagonal vapor-depositing method are available, but in this case, the diagonal vapor-depositing method is suitable in order to clarify a boundary of an area in which the orientation vector is different.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to substrate surface treatment for regulating the alignment direction of liquid crystal on the surface of a glass substrate of a liquid crystal display device.

Generally, a TN type liquid crystal display element has a structure as shown in FIG. 1 is a front polarizing plate. 2 is a front glass substrate. 3 is a liquid crystal layer, and 4 is a rear glass substrate. Electrode patterns are arranged on the surfaces of the glass substrates 2 and 4 that are in contact with the liquid crystal layer. 5 is a rear polarizing plate, and 6 is a reflecting plate. The liquid crystal layer No. 3 functions to twist the original plane of polarization by 900 degrees in the absence of an electric field. Figure 2 shows the structure of the liquid crystal layer in the absence of an electric field. When an electric field is applied, the angle between the glass substrate and liquid crystal molecules increases, changing the original plane of polarization by 90°.
The twisting action disappears.

The characteristics of the liquid crystal layer described above enable the ON and JFF of the source incident on the liquid crystal display element.

Here, if the orientation vector on the glass substrate is defined as a vector in the direction of the liquid crystal molecular axes in the direction away from the glass substrate and parallel to the glass substrate, as shown in FIG. Viewing angle characteristics vary depending on the orientation vector of the glass substrate. The solid arrow indicates the orientation vector 78 of the upper glass substrate, and the dotted arrow indicates the orientation vector r0 of the lower glass substrate. indicates the optimal viewing angle direction.

Conventionally, in TN type liquid crystal display elements, the orientation vectors of the same glass substrate have been the same. Therefore, as shown in Figure 4, the viewing angle is 1/4#! Limited to the present.

An object of the present invention is to widen the viewing angle by providing regions with different orientation vectors on the same substrate. An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display element.

According to the invention #! Several X@electrodes (X1 to Xn) 1[
Y intersects the glass substrate 4 and the X@ electrode, respectively.
Sleeve electrode (Y1~Y, )'! In a liquid crystal display panel between glass substrates 2 having r, when the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal 3 in contact with the glass substrate are aligned with an inclination of Δθ with respect to the glass substrate, the axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is in the direction away from the glass substrate. If a vector component parallel to the glass substrate is defined as the orientation vector 71 of the glass substrate, at least one of the two glass substrates 2.4 has two or more different orientation vectors) r il , rls ,
...'1411...r L a (r t□〜r1
．． A liquid crystal display device is obtained in which a glass substrate is subjected to an alignment treatment of ~r, J)'tN.

The present invention will be fully explained below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 5 (al shows the electrode pattern of the liquid crystal display element according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 (bJ shows the orientation vector ?0.-1ts and the optimum viewing angle direction of the upper and lower two glass substrates.

8 is a transfer for connecting between the upper and lower two glass substrates. Y0 to Yk are Y-axis poles, and X1 to X-axis are X-axis poles. The orientation vector of the glass substrate is different between the upper and lower sides of the drawing, so the viewing angles are different. If the same display pattern is formed on the upper and lower sides of the drawing, the viewing angle will be doubled. FIG. 6(a), (bl shows the electrode pattern, orientation vector, and optimum viewing angle direction of a liquid crystal display element showing a second example according to the present invention. FIG. 6(b)
As shown in the figure, the viewing angle extends to 360 degrees, making it possible to realize a liquid crystal display element that is easy to see from any direction.

Note that since display patterns outside the optimum viewing angle region may also be visible due to shadows, it is better to use a scattering plate instead of the reflecting plate shown in FIGS. 1 and 6.

In addition, there are two methods for giving a glass substrate an orientation vector: a rubbing method in which the glass substrate is rubbed with a cloth, and an oblique evaporation method in which vapor deposition is performed from a constant angle on the glass substrate surface, but in the case of the present invention, the orientation vector is different. An oblique deposition method is suitable for clarifying the boundaries between regions.

As described above, the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention can easily widen the viewing angle, which is the greatest weakness of conventional liquid crystal display devices, and the effectiveness of the present invention is remarkable.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of a conventional TN type liquid crystal display element. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the molecular arrangement within the liquid crystal layer. FIG. 3 is a diagram for defining orientation vectors. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing viewing angle characteristics due to differences in orientation vectors in a clockwise rotation system. FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) are electrode pattern diagrams showing a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing all viewing angle directions due to differences in orientation vectors. FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b) are diagrams showing a '#L pole pattern diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention and viewing angle directions due to differences in orientation vectors. 6-■ Ward firing? 105-

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A plurality of X @ electrodes (X1 to Xn)yy substrate and Y thin electrodes (Yl to Ym
) in a liquid crystal display panel in which a liquid crystal is interposed between substrates, the direction away from the substrate among the axis directions of liquid crystal molecules when the liquid crystal molecules in contact with the substrate of the liquid crystal are oriented at an inclination of Δθ with respect to the substrate. If the vector component parallel to the substrate is defined as the orientation vector ri of the substrate, then the orientation vectors rr□, ... r1□ (r, □~ 1. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that a substrate is subjected to an alignment treatment having an alignment process of 2 days...~r ij) f. (2) In the liquid crystal display device, regions 1, 2, . ...J respectively KX@electrode (X,
The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the same electrode pattern is provided with the thin Y electrodes (Yi-Y-) and the thin Y electrodes (Yi-Y-).