JPS5920013B2 - Method for opening fibrous materials - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a method for opening a fibrous material.

More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of opening a fibrous material by colliding the fibrous material against the surface of a metal plate mainly composed of lead.

Various proposals have been made in the past as methods for opening fibrous materials.

For example, there are those that are opened by charging a fibrous material with static electricity, those that are opened using a fluid, and those that are opened by applying a mechanical shock to the fibrous material.

Furthermore, in recent years, a technique has been developed in which a fibrous material is made to collide with the surface of a piezoelectric element to open the piezoelectric element.

These materials are selected and used as appropriate depending on the purpose of processing the fibrous material, but in contrast to those used as a means to spread the fibers for the purpose of imparting bulkiness, for example, they are used to spread the fibers and produce sheet-like products. When it comes to opening fibers in a technique that allows them to be collected as fibers, it is of course important to select equipment that is simple, inexpensive, and easy to operate, but it is also important to uniformly disperse and fall the traveling threads. is required from the viewpoint of sheet uniformity.

Therefore, we focused on the fact that a method of colliding a traveling continuous filament with a collision plate to spread the fibers would be suitable for such a fiber-spreading technique, and conducted various studies.

However, although the fibers are opened by colliding with the collision plate, depending on the material of the collision plate, there are many cases where the fibers cause uneven thickness when collected in the form of a sheet, and the fibers are not made of a specific material. He discovered that zinc, zinc oxide, or copper-based metals were superior materials for the collision plate, and filed a patent application in 1983.
-3599 was proposed.

From this point of view, the inventors conducted further intensive studies on the material of the collision plate that is excellent in that the thickness of the collection sheet is not uneven, and arrived at the present invention.

The present invention consists of the following configuration.

That is, when the Banto fibrous material of the present invention is made to collide with a collision plate and the fibers are opened, the fibers are opened using a metal mainly containing lead on the fibrous material collision surface of the collision plate. This is a method for opening fibrous materials.

In the present invention, "based mainly on lead" refers to lead or a lead alloy containing 60% by weight or more of lead, and as the alloy, antimony, indium, tin, silver, copper, etc. are preferably used.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but it goes without saying that it is not limited to the following embodiments.

FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic side views showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

In Figures 1 and 2, 1 is a fibrous material that travels from the left to the right, but as if to block this, it travels obliquely and hits the collision surface 3 of the collision plate 2. The fibers collide and open.

When forming a sheet-like material, it may be collected on a net or the like (not shown).

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing another embodiment of the present invention, which differs from FIG. 1 in that the collision surface is curved.

Note that the position of the collision plate is not limited to that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the filament may be ejected from above and dropped, and then collided with the slope on which it was received.

In the present invention, as a means for causing the fibrous material to collide with the collision surface, it is preferable to use means by jetting a fluid such as air.

Further, if the method is used in combination with a conventional fiber-spreading technique in addition to the fiber-spreading method based on collision with a collision plate, the effect will be more effective.

Among these, the effect is exhibited when the object is charged in advance using electrostatic charging technology before it collides with the collision surface.

However, unlike other metals, the lead-based collision plate of the present invention has a large opening effect even when used alone without being charged with static electricity. For example, when a zinc-based metal plate is It is characterized by being more effective than when used in combination with charging.

Although the reason for this is not clear, the effect will be described later in Examples.

In the embodiment of the collision plate of the present invention, the material of the collision surface may be bonded to the substrate, the substrate may be plated, or only the collision surface portion may be formed on the substrate so as to be exchangeable.

It goes without saying that the collision plate according to the present invention may be provided not only in one stage but also in multiple stages depending on the purpose during the opening process.

In addition, although the present invention is explained using a fiber-opening process in the case of collection in a sheet form, it can also be applied to the fiber-spreading process of general fibrous materials.

This will be explained below using examples.

Example Number of single yarns made of polyethylene terephthalate: 50, 3
A fibrous material consisting of a denier continuous multifilament was injected onto various collision surfaces with compressed air of 2ky'24G at a yarn speed of 4000 m/min and collided with it to open the yarn.

The shape of the collision plate is 50mm wide, 100mm long, and 10mm thick.
Table 1 shows the evaluation of surface potential and sheet unevenness when collision plates made of various materials were used to collide with a traveling multifilament at a position having an inclination angle α of 60° using a multifilament plate as shown in Figure 1. Shown below.

In addition, a case in which electrostatic charging was applied before the collision was also evaluated.

The surface potential and sheet unevenness were evaluated by the following measurement method.

(1) Surface potential meter: Hugle Electronics Co., Ltd. model 2
B. Using an electrostatic measuring device, measure the surface potential of the fibrous material after the collision at a position 30 meters away from the collision plate.

(2) Sheet unevenness ■ CV It was determined by the gravimetric method of 5×5 crn and the statistical calculation of n = 400 sheets, and the fluctuation rate σ (standard deviation) (CV) = X100.

Ma (average value) ■ Judgment ◎: Excellent ◎: Fairly good △: Slightly noticeable unevenness ×: Conspicuous unevenness As is clear from Table 1, the surface potential of the product according to the present invention is large (this This suggests that the fiber opening state was good, and the obtained sheet had very little unevenness and was of excellent quality.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams showing embodiments of the collision plate according to the present invention. 1: Fibrous material, 2: Collision plate, 3: Collision surface.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fibrous material characterized in that when the fibrous material is collided with a collision plate to spread the fibers, a metal mainly containing lead is used to spread the fibers on the fibrous material collision surface of the collision plate. Opening method.