JPS5919618A - Laminated-blade milling cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the cutting performance and the accuracy of finished surface by using a laminated-blade milling cutter available for both rough work and finishing work. CONSTITUTION:The captioned cutter is constituted so that a slit band (a) having a same width is surely formed at the symmetrical position on contiguous blade base with respect to the position where an overlap band (b) is formed on a blade base 3a and a cutting blade does not exist in the slit band (a). Therefore, when a cutter revolves in the direction R and is sent to the direction H, the cutting blade which advances in the direction R of revolution of the cutter during overlap with a pitch interval three times wider than the pitch interval between cutting blades which is overlapped acts as flat drag after one revolution, even if a worked hardened layer is formed on the overlap band (b), and the accuracy of the finished surface is markedly improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The laminated blade milling cutter (Patent Application No. 56-132935), which was previously filed by the applicant of the present application, corrects the shortcomings of conventional straight blade type milling cutters and twisted blade type milling cutters, and utilizes their advantages. Although it was a cutter that created a completely new type of blade and had many excellent properties, it still had one unavoidable drawback due to its construction. The details will be described later, but the present invention is the first embodiment in which this structural defect has been removed and the performance has been positively improved to establish a new type of cutter called a laminated blade milling cutter.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a cutter body, which is initially formed into a columnar or cylindrical shape. Reference numeral 2 denotes an axial chip groove, and as shown in FIG. 2, a pair of string grooves are cut in the axial direction from the outer periphery of the cutter body 1 to form a pair of force differences 3a and 3b. The axial direction refers to the range from the axial center AX to the demarcation line between the radial direction orthogonal to the axial center AX and the 45 degree angle with respect to the axial centers A and X. In this example, the axial chip groove 2 is parallel to the axis AX.

The positions of the force differences 3a and 3b on the circumference of the cutter are such that the leading edge surface f of each force difference facing in the rotational direction R of the cutter is located at a position that equally divides the circumference of the cutter. In this case, since there are two force differences, the front edge surface f of each force difference
are located on the same diameter.

Now, one side of the force difference 3a will be referred to as the A blade base, and in the case of one adjacent force difference 6b, there are two force differences, so the opposing - will be referred to as the B blade base. In addition, the number of dividing blades for dividing the circumference of the cutter ~ is selected to be an arbitrary number greater than the total number of force differences, and the number of blades is N and the diameter of the cutter is D, as shown in Figure 4. Similarly, the circumference 4 of the cutter is divided into a shortened pitch interval P1 of -α, and an equal interval P,
The shortened pitch interval P1π of KD-α and the extended pitch interval P2 of -D10 are set as Pl in the rotational direction R of the cutter, with the tip of the leading edge surface 7f of the force difference on the side of the cutter end face 6 as a reference position. , B2, Pl, B2, etc. are indexed and divided at uneven pitches so that they are arranged alternately on the circumference, and each blade is twisted spirally at one twist angle of β, and the A force difference is 5.
The outer cutting edges A1, A2, A5, A4, etc. are placed on a, and the narrow lamination interval S1 and the wide lamination interval S2 are 81, B2.
They are stacked and cut at unequal intervals in the axial direction by sandwiching them alternately in this order. However, when performing this twisted blade cutting process, it goes without saying that the B force difference 3b shown by the two-dot chain line in the same figure must be prevented from damaging the part shown by the dotted line with the work cutter. Since it is a matter of work know-how,
I will not specifically discuss it here. 5 is the length of the circular arc of the force difference, and as shown in FIG. 2, the trailing edge surface e of the force difference is adjusted to have a length equal to the equal pitch interval PO of D. 2' is a space formed by the axial chip groove 2 and the trailing edge surface e of the force difference.

As a result, the outer peripheral cutting edges A1, A2, A6, A4...
・Oats that overlap in the rotational direction R of the cutter (- A gap band A is formed with a gap between the wrap band A and the gap band A, and these are located alternately in the axial direction. The widths of band A and gap band B are equal.

On the other hand, in the B force difference 3b, as shown in Fig. 5, B2 and PO are located first, with the tip of the front edge surface f of the force difference on the side of the cutter end face 6 as the reference position, and then PO is positioned in the direction of rotation direction R of the cutter. TePl
, B2, Pl... are indexed and divided into uneven pitches so that they are arranged alternately on the circumference, and each is twisted spirally with the same twist angle of β as applied to the A force difference 5a. The outer cutting edge B, 1, B2, B! I, B4...
. . . are stacked at uneven intervals in the axial direction, with the even stacking interval SO at the bottom, and the narrow stacking interval S1 and the wide stacking interval S2 are alternately sandwiched in the order of 82nd and cut. . As mentioned above, when performing the twist edge cutting process, it is necessary to avoid damaging the dotted line portion of the A force difference 6a shown by the two-dot chain line in the figure.

Adjust the arc length 5 of the B blade base to the trailing edge surface e of the force difference and
Making the length equal to the equal pitch interval PO of D is the same as in the case of A force difference 6a, but in the case of B force difference 3b, the e' plane is further adjusted as shown in Fig. 2. Outer cutting edge B
The trailing edge side of 1 is deleted by the value of α. As a result, the outer peripheral cutting edges B1, B21. Between B5 and B4, there is an overlap band A that overlaps in the rotational direction R of the cutter and a gap band A that is spaced apart and creates a gap, and these are located alternately in the axial direction. The order of the alternating relationship is opposite to that of the A force difference 6a. Also, the widths of the overlap zone A and the gap zone B are equal and equal to those of the force difference A 3a, respectively.

In this way, the peripheral cutting edges A1, A2, A3, A4 are cut separately for each force difference. , B4...
As shown in Fig. 6, which is a developed view of the entire blade of the cutter, the position of the overlap band A is located above the A force difference 3a, and the position is above the B force difference 6b. A gap zone A is formed at a symmetrical position, and conversely, a force difference B is 6.
With respect to the position where the overlap band A is formed on b, a gap band A is formed at a symmetrical position on the A force difference 6a, and the relationship is between the A force difference 6a and the B force difference 5b. This is done alternately for each layer to prevent imbalance in cutting resistance between force differences.

It should be noted that the value of α at the upper slant is unspecified, and it is convenient for manufacturing purposes to use approximately one rotation (9 degrees) of the index handle as a guide for α. Also, the division pitch interval of the circumference PO1P1, B
2 corresponds to the stacking spacing So, S1, and B2, respectively, and the correspondence relationship is PO×cotβ=SO1PIXco
tβ=Sj, P 2 X c, o tβ=82, and in this example β is set to 45 degrees, so cot45
= 1, so P[1=SO1P1=S1, P2=8
2. If you change the twist angle β, cot
Just by changing the value of β, the stacking spacing is 5O1S1 in proportion to it.
, B2 vary, but the overall arrangement often changes.

In addition, the number of divided blades N that divides the circumference at the top of the diagonal is 4 blades, but this means that the arc length 5 of the force difference is equal to the chip groove 2 in the PO direction at equal pitch intervals that equally divides the circumference of the cutter. Since the space 2' formed by the trailing edge surface e of the force difference has the same pitch interval of 〒D, this is a consideration to improve the balance of cutting, and the number of divided blades N is selected as described above. The number of blades need only be greater than the total number of force differences, but from the above point of view, it is desirable to select a number of blades that is twice the total number of force differences.

Furthermore, in the second example, the number of dividing blades N that divides the circumference
4 pieces, and the number of laminated stages of the outer peripheral cutting edge is A1 to A4, B1
The four stages shown in B4 to B4 are drawn up to the first cycle of circumferential division indexing of the cutter for convenience of drawing and explanation, and continue the relationship of alternating arrangement of shortened pitch interval P1 and extended pitch interval P2. Then, if you continue the 9th part on the dividing side in the second cycle and cut the blades, you can stack from the 5th to the 8th stage.The cycle can be continued as many times as you want, such as 4 cycles, and the number of divided blades N and the number of stacked stages. Since these do not necessarily have to match, the number of laminated stages can be increased or decreased according to the desired effective cutting edge length. Incidentally, in FIG. 6, the position of the outer circumferential cutting edge at the fifth stage is indicated by a dotted line and is designated by the symbol A5) (B5).

The above is the basic arrangement of the outer peripheral cutting edge of the laminated blade milling cutter of the present invention, but the laminated blade milling cutter (Japanese Patent Application No. 56-132935, hereinafter referred to as the earlier application) previously filed by the present applicant is the As shown in Figure 11, the force difference is a, 3
The arc length 5 of b is the equal division of ND which equally divided the circumference 4 of the cutter by the number of divided blades N, and the ND which slightly extended the interval PO by α.
The length is +α, and the outer cutting edge is divided into equal parts with equal pinch intervals PO.Al-B5, B1-A3, A2-B4
, B2-A4 and the blade bases 5B, 5b are cut in an intermittently continuous row with a twist angle of β, and the cutter rotation direction R
The structure was such that an overlapping part of α1, α2, and α5 was created in order to avoid leaving uncut parts.

The laminated-blade milling cutter itself has less shock at the start of cutting than conventional straight-blade milling cutters, and the laminated outer peripheral cutting edge is a twisted blade, resulting in less cutting resistance and less cutting resistance compared to twisted-blade milling cutters. Since the length of each outer peripheral cutting edge is short, there is little deviation in the cutting phase, and there is also little twisting deflection and force due to cutting resistance, and less distortion and deformation across the entire blade, and there is little slippage of the cutting edge, so the cutter axis The straightness of the finished cut surface with respect to the center (finished surface accuracy) is extremely excellent, and the chips are finely divided, so chip evacuation is good, the cutting feed is large, and the specific cutting force is reduced. It was an unparalleled idea that produced many characteristics that did not exist before. However, since the configuration was as described above, in the locations other than the blade parts α1, α2, and α6, there are 2 parts equal to the number of blade parts such as A1-B1 and A2-B2.
In contrast, in the overlap area, for example, α1, four cutting edges A2, A1, I32, and B1 from the left of the figure cut The same is true for α2 and α6,
The pinch interval is 〒D, and the pitch interval is 10 with respect to the other blade parts. For this reason, when the cutter rotates and cuts in 11 directions, the amount of cutting per rotation of the cutter is constant, so the amount of cutting per tooth in the overlap area is equal to that of the blades in other parts. Naturally, the thickness of the chip becomes 10, and the chip thickness also becomes 10, resulting in peeling of the workpiece surface, and finally, the finished surface has streaks or, in severe cases, steps in the feed direction H due to the overlap width, and the surface roughness is not satisfactory. There remained a structural flaw in the cutter that made it impossible to proceed. In this sense, the laminated blade milling cutter of the prior application has superior cutting performance and is superior to the conventional roughing cutter (Roughi) as a cutter for rough cutting.
ng cutter), but it has to be said that it is still incomplete as a cutter that can be used for both roughing and finishing.

This fact is also supported by cutting theory, and in the case of a milling cutter in which the cutting edge cuts intermittently while alternating in a trochoidal curve, the cutting marks of the cutting edge that cut earlier will be Because the surface is work hardened and a hardened layer is formed, when the pinch interval between the cutting edges is narrow and the cutting amount per tooth is small, i.e. the chip thickness is thin, subsequent cutting edges will work harden the cutting marks of the preceding cutting edge. If you try to cut the layer, the cutting edge will not penetrate easily, so the cutting edge will slip slightly, which will generate heat and further deteriorate the hardening state, resulting in peeling and unevenness on the finished surface. . Particularly in the case of workpiece materials with strong self-hardening properties, it may even become impossible to cut the material.

When the pitch interval of the cutting edges is wide and the amount of cutting per blade is large, that is, when the chip thickness is thick, the succeeding cutting edge cuts the unhardened part that is deeper than the work-hardened layer of the cutting trace of the preceding cutting edge. As a result, cutting can be carried out smoothly. Therefore, the secret of milling work and the know-how of tool design was how to obtain a large amount of cutting per tooth without impairing surface roughness.

The invention of the present application has achieved improvement of the structural defects of the laminated-blade milling cutter of the earlier application based on the theoretical basis of slanting, and as described above, the invention has an overlap band on one of the blades. For the position where the cutter is formed, a gap band A of the same width is always formed at the symmetrical position on the force difference adjacent to it, so that there is no cutting edge, so the cutter moves in the R direction. When the cutter is rotated and fed in the H direction, even if a work-hardened layer is formed in the overlapping band A, the cutter is rotated in the direction R of the cutter when overlapping, with a pitch interval six times wider than the pitch interval between the overlapping cuts. After one rotation, the leading cutting edge functions as a stripping edge and scrapes off the previous work-hardened layer from the unhardened part, so that not only cutting steps but also discolored patterns will not remain on the finished surface. In addition to eliminating the structural defects of the previous application, this combined with the free-cutting performance that the laminated knife blade itself inherently possesses significantly improves the finished surface roughness. However, as mentioned above, in the present invention, the symmetrical relationship between the positions of the overlap zone A and the gap zone B is such that the positions of the overlap zone A and the gap zone B are alternately positioned in each layer on both blades, so that an imbalance in cutting resistance does not occur between the force differences. It can be used for both rough and finishing.
Not only does it have good cutting performance as a cutter for single operation (one operation), but it also has finished surface accuracy and finished surface roughness that far exceeds existing rough and finishing cutters. It paved the way, and in that sense it can be said to be an excellent invention that fulfilled the basics of cutting theory.

FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment, which is exemplified as a representative example of an even force difference among four or more units. In this case, the configuration is exactly the same as the first embodiment, with A force difference 3a and B force difference 6.
Since b is arranged alternately and the number of divided blades N that divides the circumference of the cutter must be an arbitrary number greater than the total number of force differences, the division is selected as the number of force differences increases. The only difference is that the number N of blades increases, and there is no requirement added to the constituent requirements of the invention.

In the first embodiment, the number of force differences was 2 and the number of divided blades N was 4, so the length 5 of the force difference arc was −D, so the central angle of the arc was 90 degrees, but the 6th embodiment The figure shows the case where the number of force differences is 4 and the number of divided blades N is 8, so the length 5 of the force difference arc is -D and the center angle of the arc is 45 degrees.

Functionally, as explained above, in the first embodiment, the leading cutting edge in the rotational direction R of the cutter of the overlapping cutting edge wipes away the work-hardened layer caused by the overlap after one rotation, but the force difference If there is an even force difference of 4 or more, the work hardening that occurs first in the cutting edge that precedes the overlapping blade in the rotational direction R of the cutter is the force difference that follows the overlapping cutting edge by one blade. Although the layers are cleaned and cut, the pitch interval is six times the pinch interval of the overlapping cutting edges, which is exactly the same as in the first embodiment.

, between the A blade base 3a and the B force difference 3b, as mentioned above, there is an overlap zone A in one force difference, and a gap zone A in the symmetrical position of the other force difference, and it is Since the force differences are arranged alternately in each layer, as in this example, when the number of force differences is 4 or more, A force difference 6a and B force difference 6
b are arranged alternately, A force difference 6a and B force difference 6b
Between them, overlap zones A and gap zones B are located opposite to each other.

Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 show a sixth embodiment in which the number of force differences is five, and A force difference 3a, B force difference sb, and C force difference 3C are provided in the rotation direction R of the cutter for each force difference. The facing front edge surface f is located at a position that divides the circumference 4 of the cutter into six equal parts, and a six-point measuring tool is used to measure the diameter of the cutter. The number N of divided blades for dividing and indexing the circumference of the cutter may be any number that is greater than or equal to the total number of force differences, but in this example, six blades are selected, which is a multiple of the force difference. D+α to equally divide the circumference of the cutter based on this number of divided blades N
The extended pitch interval P2 is determined, and the detailed explanation is omitted, but these pitch intervals POXP1 are determined for the A force difference 5a and the B force difference 6b.
, P2 is applied in the same procedure and configuration as the first embodiment, and the arrangement of the outer peripheral cutting edge is formed analogously to that of the first embodiment.
For the position where the overlap band A is formed on the force difference 6a, a gap band A with a width equal to the width of the automatic overlap band A is formed at a symmetrical position on the force difference B, and vice versa. With respect to the position where the overlap band A is formed on the B force difference 3bJ2, the gap band A is formed at a symmetrical position on the A force difference 3a, and this positional relationship is the same as the A force difference 5a and the B force. The differences 6b alternate between each layer. In this respect, the A force difference 3a and the B force difference 3b of this embodiment have exactly the same structure as that of the first embodiment.

CFor the force difference 6C, the force of the leading edge surface f of the force difference.

The circumference 4 is indexed and divided into equal intervals in the rotational direction R of the cutter using the tip on the end face 6 side as a reference position at the above-mentioned equal pinch interval PO of D, and twisted spirally at a twist angle of β. The outer cutting edge C1, C2, C3 is cut on the C force difference 3C.
, C4, C5, and C6, respectively, at the equal pitch interval p
They are cut at equal intervals in the axial direction, sandwiching the equal lamination interval SO having the relationship between o and POXcotβ. The arc length 5 of the C force difference 6C adjusts the trailing edge surface e of the force difference as shown in FIG. In this way, the outer cutting edge C1 above the C force difference 6C,
There is a gap between C2, C6, C4, C5, and C6, and there is a gap with the same width as the overlap band A and gap band A of the A force difference 3a and B force difference 3b, and they are all the same circle. Located on the circumference.

As a result, the force difference 3C can be adjusted without impeding the overlap between the A force difference 3a and the B force difference 3b and their smooth cutting relationship, and without impairing the various performances of the first embodiment. It is established as a laminated blade milling cutter with a blade base, and has the feature of finishing grooves with higher precision than when using the laminated blade milling cutters of the first and second embodiments, especially when used for groove cutting work. There is.

What is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 is a fourth embodiment, in which the axial chip groove 2 has a helix angle θ which is smaller than the helix angle β of the outer peripheral cutting edge and is within the axial range mentioned at the beginning. The force differences 3a, 3b, and 3c are twisted at an angle of θ. The method and configuration for cutting the outer cutting edge are described in 6 above.
Each is the same as the example, but the force difference is twisted by θ angle, so the pitch interval is equally divided? Although the correspondence ratios of uniform stacking spacing SO1 to O, narrow stacking spacing S1 to shortened pitch spacing P1, and wide stacking spacing S2 to extended pitch P2 will change, the overall arrangement will not change.

m is the cutting start line, which is always parallel to the axis AX of the cutter, but as the cutter rotates, the cutting edges a1, C2, C3, C4, C5, etc. of the peripheral cutting edge stacked on the A force difference 6a. B The cutting edges b1 and b of the peripheral cutting edge stacked on the force difference 3b
When the cutting edges 2, b3, b4, and b5 reach the cutting start line m, cutting of the peripheral cutting edge is started. However, if we take Figure 9 as an example, when the cutting edge a1 of the end face cutting edge reaches the cutting start line m, the triangles a1a5m5 and triangles a1a2m2, a1'a3m3, a1a4 in the figure
m 4 are nine similar triangles, but the stacking interval S
1. Since S2 has different intervals, each cutting edge a2, C3,
The point where C4 and C5 reach the cutting start line m, that is, m2, m5,
Distance from the cutting edge a1 of the end cutting edge of m4 and m5 a 1-
m2, a1-m3, al-m4, al-m5 are not in a series relationship, therefore, the distances that each cutting edge a2, C3, C4, C5 reaches the cutting start line m, that is, C2-m2, C3-m5
, a 4 m4, a 5-m5 are also not series-like. Therefore, after the cutter rotates and the cutting edge a1 of the end cutting edge reaches the cutting start line m, the other cutting edges a2, C3, C4, and C5 sequentially reach the m line and start cutting, and the time is not periodic but periodic. A time lag occurs, and the timing at which each cutting edge starts cutting becomes unequal.

In general, in milling cutters that perform interrupted cutting, a cutting impact occurs when each cutting edge starts cutting, and this is repeated periodically and the impact vibration waves are amplified, causing so-called chatter vibration. As mentioned above, if the cutting start timing of each cutting edge is not periodic and the occurrence of cutting impact vibrations is unequal, the impact vibration waves generated by each cutting edge will interfere with each other and interfere with each other, resulting in a vibration damping phenomenon. The force difference itself has an anti-vibration function.

The B force difference 6b in FIG. 10 is also the same, and the distance from when the cutting edge b1 of the end face cutting edge reaches the cutting start line m to when each cutting edge reaches the cutting start line m sequentially, that is, b2-m2, b3-rn5
, l) 4-m4, b5-m5 are not in a series relationship like the A force difference 3a, so the cutting start time of each cutting edge is not periodic, but there is a time lag in the period, and the occurrence of cutting impact vibration is uneven. Periodically, the shock vibration waves generated by each cutting edge interfere with and disturb each other, and conversely, vibration damping occurs, and the force difference itself has a vibration damping function.

As shown in this embodiment, the force difference itself has an anti-vibration function, but what is more important to pay attention to is the drum, which can be easily seen by comparing Figures 9 and 10. Therefore, the triangles b1b2m2, b1b3m3.1)11 in Figure 10
)4fn4, ), 11)5m5 means that there is no triangle that is congruent with the triangle in FIG. 9 described above.

This means that the cutting edge a1 of one end face cutting edge is at the cutting start line m.
The distance from which each cutting edge a2, C3, C4, C5 reaches the cutting start line m after reaching the cutting edge, and the cutting edge b2 above it after the cutting edge b1 of the other end face cutting edge reaches the cutting start line m, This means that the distances b5, b4, b, and 5 reach the cutting start line m are all unequal throughout the double-edged base, and also that the aspects of the non-sequential relationships are not the same in each force difference. do. Therefore, as a matter of course, the aspect of non-uniform periodicity of cutting impact vibration generation is also -A
This means that the force difference 6a and the B force difference 3b are completely different.

As can be seen, the vibration damping function of this embodiment is somewhat unique, in that the force differences themselves each have a vibration damping ability, and the non-uniform periodicity of the cutting impact vibration generated by the double-edged base is completely different. Therefore, the generation of cutting impact vibrations is truly disjointed, chaotic, and disorderly, and the impact vibration waves intertwine, intertwine, and interfere with each other in a complex manner, and the vibration damping phenomenon and vibration isolation effect are truly strong. .

Although it is already known that the non-uniform periodicity of cutting impact vibration generation is a factor that provides a vibration-proofing function to a milling cutter, all conventional application examples involve setting the cutting edges at non-uniform pitches on the circumference of the cutter. This method introduces unequal periodicity in the generation of cutting impact vibrations by arranging them, and it works effectively for those that cut with the end face of the cutter, such as a face milling cutter, but the effective cutting edge length that is the object of the present invention This effect was hardly produced in cases where the cutter was long and the cutter was mainly cut using the outer circumferential surface of the cutter. On the other hand, in the invention of the present application, the circumference of the cutter is indexed and divided at unequal intervals in the manufacturing process, but this is done by arranging the outer circumferential cutting edges stacked at unequal intervals due to the difference in force. The end face cutting edge is provided only at the tip of the cutter end face 6fAll of the front edge face f of the force difference that equally divides the circumference of the cutter, and is positioned at equal pitches. The non-uniform periodicity of the cutting impact vibration, which is a factor that provides the cutter with a vibration-proofing function, is introduced as a result of the unequal relationship between the laminated intervals of the outer peripheral cutting edges laminated in the axial direction due to the above-mentioned difference in shear force. This is the first time that we have been able to effectively impart a vibration damping function to end mills and Blen cutters with long effective cutting edges that perform the main cutting on the outer circumferential surface of the cutter. The basis of this lies in an unparalleled structure in which outer peripheral cutting edges are laminated in the axial direction based on a force difference, and the conventional anti-vibration cutter cuts on the circumference of the cutter. While it was possible to apply only one limited form of nonuniform periodicity of cutting impact vibration generation in which the blades are arranged at nonuniform pitches, in the present invention, two forms of nonuniform periodicity of cutting impact vibration generation could be applied. is applied separately to the two force differences to increase the vibration-proofing effect, and this can also be effectively achieved based on the unique structure of the present application in which a plurality of force differences are provided in the cutter in the axial direction. This is not an ordinary planning and design that can be achieved only by knowing the conventionally known vibration isolation principles.

Furthermore, it should be noted that conventional vibration-proof cutters with uneven pitch divisions have end cutting edges with uneven pitches, so if there are two cutting edges, such as a two-sided end mill, the cutting edges should be This method could not be applied to a two-blade cutter because it could not be arranged on the same diameter and the diameter of the cutter could not be measured, but in the case of the present invention, the end cutting edges are located at equal pitches, and the cutter diameter cannot be measured. The fact that it can also be applied to the case of a single blade (two-blade base) has already been mentioned in the description of the embodiment, and from this point of view, the structure is completely different from the conventionally known uneven pitch division vibration-proof cutter. It can be said that it belongs to Chu.

In addition, this fourth embodiment is simply the one in which the axial chip groove 2 of the six embodiments listed above is milled with a twist angle of θ, and the force difference 3a15b, 3c is formed with a twist angle of θ, and is described at the beginning. As mentioned above, the range in the axial direction is defined as [the range from the axis AX to the demarcation line between the radial direction perpendicular to the axis AX and the axis AX, that is, the angle of 45 degrees with respect to the axis AX'', so the torsion angle θ As long as it is provided within the range in the above-mentioned axial direction, there is no newly added structural requirement and the embodiment corresponds to each of the six embodiments listed above.

The above is the entire outline of the present invention, but as already explained in detail, the laminated-blade milling cutter of the present invention has cutting performance that exceeds the common sense of conventional general-purpose straight-blade milling cutters and twisted-blade milling cutters. Based on the fundamentals of theory, we improved the structural defects of the previous application and achieved improvements in finished surface roughness and finished surface accuracy, creating and completing a new type of cutter called a laminated blade milling cutter. As a result, not only is it possible to further improve the cutting conditions, but also damage to the cutting edge due to chatter vibration is eliminated, which extends the life of the cutter. It is an epoch-making cutter with remarkable growth and excellent economic efficiency, unrivaled by any other cutter.
Moreover, the scope of its application extends to cylindrical milling cutters such as spiral end mills and slotted quench mills, cylindrical milling cutters such as Plane cutters, Neruen and Domills, and even ball end mills and taper cutters, making it extremely useful for contributing to the technological development of this industry. This is a great invention.

In addition, in the present invention, as mentioned earlier, the circumference of the cutter is indexed and divided at uneven pitch intervals according to a predetermined standard and order, but this is done so that the outer cutting edges are stacked at uneven stacking intervals. This is the simplest means for guiding the guide, and the gist of the present application lies in the configuration of the resulting peripheral cutting edge. It is really easy to calculate and understand the shape of the torsion angle by calculating it, and although some complicated operations are required during the machining process, the table of the machine tool is moved in the X and Y directions based on the calculation. It is possible to form the outer peripheral cutting edge on a diagonal straight cutting edge with an axial rake angle of β to configure the arrangement of the outer peripheral cutting edge that is the gist of the present invention, and even more so in today's world where numerically controlled machine tools have become widespread. It's not a very difficult task. However, the difference between a twisted blade and an oblique straight blade is that the shape of the rake face of the cutting edge is different, and this is a problem outside the scope of this application. A, 2..., B1, B2...
The edge line of the outer cutting edge is marked with
) has the same ridgeline shape whether it is a twisted edge or an oblique straight edge, if other conditions are the same, so even if the peripheral cutting edge is formed into an oblique straight edge by the method described above, its arrangement configuration will be As long as it corresponds to the aspect of the arrangement described in the present application, it does not fall outside the scope of the present invention.

In addition, in the explanation so far, the twist angles β and θ have been described as so-called right-handed twists, but there may also be cases where they are left-handed twists in plane cutters, etc., and the left and right twist directions are not a problem for the present application.

Furthermore, although the entire explanation was based on the assumption that the tool material is directly formed into a solid material such as high-speed steel, it is also possible to use a non-tool material such as carbon steel as the base material and a tool material such as cemented carbide as the blade part. Needless to say, the requirements of the present invention also apply to items that are bonded or mechanically fixed with chisel brazing.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of the first embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 is a bottom view (end view) of FIG. 1. FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the blade of the first embodiment of the invention. 6 is a bottom view (end view) of the second embodiment of the invention. FIG. 7 is a bottom view (end view) of the sixth embodiment of the invention. FIG. 9 is a developed view of the blade portion of the sixth embodiment of the invention, FIG. 10 is a partially developed view of the blade portion of the fourth embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 11 is a developed view of the blade portion of the earlier invention. Main body 2...Axial chip grooves 5a, 3
b, 3c...blade f...front edge surface of the blade e...rear edge surface of the blade 4...Cutter circumference 5...arc length of the blade R...・Cutter rotation direction H...Cutter feed direction D...Cutter diameter A1, A2, A
, 5, A4..., 131, B2, B6, B4・
..., C1, C2, C6, C4, C5, C6...
...,...Outer cutting edge β...Helix angle of outer cutting edge ■〕0, Pl, B2, ...... Division pitch interval of cutter circumference 5O1S1, B2...・Lamination interval of outer cutting edge A...Overlap band A...
Gap band 11. Effective cutting blade length 6...Cutter end face θ...Twisting angle of the blade m...Cutting start line a1, C2
, C5, C4, C5..., bl, B2, B5,
B4, B5...,...Blade tip m2, m3, m4
, m5... Cutting start point Figure 6 Figure γ Procedural amendment (Saijin) 1. Indication of the case 1982 Patent Application No. 128039 2. Title of the invention Laminated blade milling cutter 6, amendment Patent applicant address: 4, Gozen-dori, Imadegawa-kami-ru, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto Prefecture Date of amendment order: October 7, 1980 58 Subject of amendment: Drawing 6, contents of amendment: Attached circular

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An even number of axial chip grooves (2) in the cutter body (1)
Grooves are cut at an angle within the so-called axial direction range from parallel to the axis (Ax) to less than 45 degrees with respect to the axis (Ax) to form the same number of blade bases (6a13b...) as the grooves (2). ) are the front edge surfaces (f
) are located at positions that equally divide the circumference (4) of the cutter, and apply any one of these blade bases to A force difference (6a).
The blade base adjacent to it is set as the B blade base (6b), and the number of divided blades for dividing the circumference of the cutter is selected to be an arbitrary number υ greater than the total number of blade bases. The circumference (4) of the cutter was equally divided by the number of divided blades (N), and the diameter of the cutter was D. Equal pitch interval (PO) of D and ■-α which is slightly (α) shorter than equal pitch interval (PO)
The shortened pitch interval (Pl) and the equal pitch interval (Po)
Extended pitch interval (P2) of 10, which is slightly (α) extended
) is determined, and the A force difference (6a) is determined by the front edge surface (f
), the shortened pitch interval (Pl) and the extended pitch interval (P2) are arranged circumferentially Pl, P2 in the rotational direction (R) of the cutter, with the tip of the cutter end face (6) as the reference position.
, Pl, P2, etc. are indexed and divided at uneven pitches so that they are arranged alternately, and each is twisted spirally at a helix angle of β to cut the outer periphery on the A force difference (3a). The blades (AI, A2, A3, A4...) are arranged at a narrow stacking interval (Sl) having a relationship between the shortened pitch interval (Pl) and Plxcotβ, and an extended pitch interval (P2) and P2xc.
o tβ's. The related wide lamination interval (Sl) is alternately sandwiched in the order of 81 and SL and laminated at uneven intervals and cut. Adjust the length to be equal to the equal pitch interval (PO), that is, the HD overlap between the outer cutting edges (AI, A2, A5, A4...) in the rotational direction (R) of the cutter. Gap bands (A) with a width equal to the width of the overlap band (A) which is spaced apart from the overlap band (A) to create a gap are formed so as to be positioned alternately in the axial direction, while B force difference (3b) The equal pinch interval (PO), the shortened pitch interval (Pl), and the extended pitch interval (B2) are determined by using the tip of the leading edge surface (f)' of the force difference on the side of the cutter end surface (6) as a reference position. PO is located first in the direction of rotation (R) of the cutter, and
1, B2, Pl, etc. are indexed and divided into uneven pitches so that they are arranged alternately on the circumference, and the blades are twisted spirally at a helix angle of β, respectively.・B force difference (6b) On top, set the outer peripheral cutting edges (B1, B2, Bl, B4...) to the maximum uniform stacking interval (SO) that is in the relationship between the above equal pitch interval (PO) and P OX co tβ. In the lower stage, the narrow stacking interval (Sl) and wide stacking interval (B2) are defined as 8.
1 and B2 are alternately sandwiched and laminated at uneven intervals, and the η-base arc length 5) is cut on the trailing edge surface of the force difference (, e
) is adjusted to have a length equal to the equal pitch interval (PO), that is, sD, and the trailing edge side of the peripheral cutting edge (B1) is removed by the value of α to the outside of the lowest stage to create the outer peripheral cutting edge (Bl ,B2,
B3, B4...), the direction of rotation of the cutter (
The above A force difference (6a) is applied in the axial direction through a gap band (B) having a width equal to the width of the overlap band (A) which overlaps R) and the overlap band (A) which is spaced apart to create a gap.
They are formed so that they are arranged alternately in the reverse order, and for the position where the overlap zone (A) is formed on the A force difference (3a), a gap is formed at the symmetrical position on the B force difference (6b). band(
A) is formed, and conversely, for a position where an overramp band (A) is formed on the B force difference (5b), a gap band (A) is formed at a symmetrical position on the A force difference (3a). A laminated blade milling cutter characterized in that the laminated blade milling cutter is arranged such that the positional relationship between the A force difference (3a) and the B force difference (6b) is alternate for each layer. 2. When the number of force differences is 4 or more even force differences, the outer cutting edge (A, 1, A2, A6, A4...) has a narrow lamination interval (Sl) and a wide lamination interval (Sl). B2) and 81
, B2 are sandwiched and stacked alternately in the order of A force difference (3a) where the arc length of the force difference (5) is equal to the equal pitch interval (PO), and the outer peripheral cutting edge (B1, B2 ,B6,
B4...) has an even stacking spacing (SO) at the bottom, and the following are narrow stacking spacing (Sl) and wide stacking spacing (B2)
81 and B2 are sandwiched and stacked alternately in the order of α
2. The multi-blade milling cutter according to claim 1, wherein the B force difference (3b) is alternately arranged on the circumference of the cutter. 6 Cut an even number of grooves on the cutter body (1) to create a force difference (6a,
The axial chip-groove (2) forming 3b) is cut with a helix angle (θ) that is smaller than the helix angle (β) of the outer cutting edge and within the range of the axial direction, and the force difference is (3aX 3b,
) is twisted at an angle of θ, and each cutting edge (B2 ,B3,
B4, B5) reach the cutting start line (m), respectively (B2-rn2, a 3-m3, a 4-m4, B5-
m5) does not have a series relation due to the uneven lamination interval of the outer peripheral cutting edge, and the cutting edge of the end face cutting edge (bl) of the B force difference (3b)
) is at the cutting start line (m), each cutting edge of the peripheral cutting edge (B2, B5, B4, -B
5) respectively reach the cutting start line (m) (B2-
m2, b 3-m 3, b 4-m 4, l) 5-ms
) does not have a series relationship in accordance with the unequal lamination spacing of the peripheral cutting edge, and the aspect of the above non-sequence relationship between the A force difference (6a) and the B force difference (3b) is unequal. At an angle within the so-called axial direction range from parallel to the product axis (Ax) to less than 45 degrees with respect to the axis (Ax), The force difference between the six units (3aX3b, 3c) is adjusted by cutting the groove in the direction of rotation of the cutter (
The front edge surfaces (f) of these force differences facing toward R) are formed so that they are located at positions that divide the circumference (4) of the cutter into six equal parts, and any one of these force differences is connected to the force difference A ( 3a) Let the force difference between it and the adjacent one be respectively B force difference (3b) and C blade base (6C), and also set the number of divided blades to divide and index the circumference of the cutter to an arbitrary number of 6 or more, the total number of force differences. The selected number of blades is N, the diameter of the cutter is D, and the circumference (4) of the cutter is equally divided by the number of divided blades N, which is the equal pitch interval of ND (PO
) and πD with the equal pitch interval (PO) slightly shortened by (α)
−α shortened pitch interval (Pl) and equal pitch interval (PO
) is slightly (α) extended by ND+α extended pitch interval (P
2), and the A force difference (5a) and B force difference (°b) are: 6! '°·7 intervals (po, Pl, P2, by applying the same procedure and configuration as described in claim 1), the arrangement configuration of the outer peripheral cutting edge is changed to the configuration described in claim 1. Analogously, for the position where the overlamp band (A) is formed on the A force difference (6a), the overlamp band (A) is formed at the symmetrical position on the B force difference (3b). A gap zone (A) with a width equal to the width of is formed, and conversely, the force difference B (
3b)' With respect to the position where the overlap zone (A) is formed, a gap zone (A) is formed at a symmetrical position on the A force difference (6a), and the positional relationship is that of the A force. difference(
6a) and B force difference (3b) are arranged alternately for each layer, and the C blade base (3c) has one cutter end face (6) of the leading edge face (f) of the force difference. The circumference (4) is indexed and divided into equal intervals in the rotational direction (R) of the cutter at the equal pitch interval (PO) of the above-mentioned KD with the end of the side as a reference position, while creating a spiral shape with a twist angle of β. The outer cutting edge (cl, C2, C3, C
4, C5, C6...) are laminated at equal intervals in the axial direction between the equal stacking intervals (SO) which are in the relationship between the above-mentioned equal pitch interval (PO) and POX, cotβ, respectively, and then polished. At the same time, the length of the circular arc of the force difference 5) is adjusted by adjusting the trailing edge surface (e) of the force difference to a length equal to the shortened pitch interval (Pl), that is, D-α, and the outer cutting edge. (cl, C2
, C3, C4, C5, C6-).
a), a gap with a width equal to the width of the overlap zone (A) and gap zone (B) on the A force difference (3a) and the B force difference (6b) is formed. A laminated blade milling cutter characterized by an arrangement in which a lap zone (A) and a gap zone (B) are all located on the same circumference. 5. Cut 6 grooves on the main body (1) to create a force difference (6a16).
b Force difference (3a, 5
b) Each of the peripheral cutting edges stacked on top of 3c) at a position where the cutting edge (al) of the end face cutting edge with A force difference (6a) is at the cutting start line (m) by forming 3c) with a 0 angle twist. Blade tip (C2
, C3, C4, C5...) 75 Distances to reach the cutting start line (ITI), respectively (C2-m2, C3-m
3, a 4-m 4, C5-m5...) are not in a series relationship corresponding to the unequal stacking spacing of the outer cutting edge,
In addition, at the position where the cutting edge (bl) of the end face cutting edge of B force difference (3b) is at the cutting start line (m), the outer periphery and each cutting edge (1) 2, b3, b4, b5...
) reach the cutting start line (m) (1
)2-m2, l)3-m3, l)4-m4, b5-m5
...) are not in a series relationship in accordance with the uneven lamination spacing of the outer peripheral cutting edge, and the A force difference (3a) and B force difference (3b) are not in the above series relationship. A laminated blade milling cutter according to claim 4, characterized in that the relationship is unequal.