JPS5919206B2 - Ground excavation method - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a ground excavation method.

An object of the present invention is to rotate a plurality of rotating vertical shafts within a rotating casing, and also to rotate or swing the rotating vertical shafts as a unit, so that the rotation of the casing and the rotating vertical shafts are integrated. rotation or swinging, independent rotation of each rotating vertical axis during the integral rotation or swinging of this group of rotating vertical axes, and partial overlap of the rotation trajectories of the bits on adjacent rotating vertical axes. To provide a ground excavation method that enables efficient excavation due to the synergistic effect of the three parties, and allows accurate large-diameter excavation without damaging the surrounding ground because the excavation is carried out within a rotating casing.

The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to Examples.

A in the figure is an excavator used in the ground excavation method of the present invention, and this excavator A has a plurality of rotating vertical shafts located on a straight line or on an intersecting straight line or at each apex point of a polygon. 1, and a group drive means 4 for rotating or swinging a group of a plurality of rotating vertical shafts 1 as a unit, and further includes a group driving means 4 for rotating or swinging a group of a plurality of rotating vertical shafts 1 as a whole. is covered by a rotating cylindrical casing K.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show an example of the vertical axis rotation means 3 and the group drive means 4.

A group drive means 4 is composed of a drive device 5 consisting of a power and deceleration device, and a drive head 6 that is rotated or oscillated by this drive device 5. The upper end of the shaft 7 is rotatably supported, and the drive head 6 is rotated or swung in the horizontal rotation direction by the drive device 5, so that a group of a plurality of rotating vertical shafts can be rotated as one or in the horizontal rotation direction. It is designed to oscillate.

On the other hand, within the drive head 6 there is provided a rotating device 8 consisting of another power and speed reduction device, and a gear 9 is provided at the upper end of each rotating vertical shaft 1, each meshing with an adjacent gear 9. , the rotation of the rotating device 8 is transmitted to one vertical rotating shaft 1, and the rotation of one vertical rotating shaft 1 is transmitted to the other vertical rotating shaft 1 via a gear 9.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the rotating device 8, the group of gears 9, etc. serve as the vertical axis rotating means 3 for rotating each vertical axis of rotation 1.

An example of a mechanism for rotating the casing K is as shown in FIG. The rotation of the drive device 5 is transmitted to the casing K by meshing the transmission gear E rotatably supported on the base B with the central gear, and meshing the transmission gear E with the gear train F on the upper inner surface of the casing. ing.

Here, although the casing rotates, it is supported so as not to move relative to the base B.

Here, the arrangement of the respective rotational vertical axes 1 is as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, where a plurality of them are arranged on a straight line, as shown in Fig. 5, on each vertex point of a triangle, and as shown in Fig. 6. An example is shown in which they are arranged on perpendicular lines, but they are not limited to the above arrangement, and may be located at the apex points of other polygons other than triangles, or in shapes other than cross shapes. It may be arranged on each line where a plurality of straight lines intersect, or it may be arranged in a manner other than the above.

A bit 10 is provided at the lower end of each rotating vertical shaft 1, and each rotating vertical shaft 1 is connected by one or more connecting devices 11 so as to maintain accurate mutual positional relationship of each rotating vertical shaft 1. Each rotating vertical shaft 1 is rotatably supported by a connecting device 11.

A screw part 12 is attached to the rotating vertical shaft 1 depending on the application. A stirring blade section 13 and the like are provided.

FIG. 7 shows a screw part 12 and a stirring blade part 13 in the vertical direction.
The example shown is a combination of a rotating vertical shaft 1 having alternating rotating shafts 1 and a rotating vertical shaft 1 having only stirring blades 13.

Here, the stirring blade part 13 of the rotating vertical shaft 1 is slightly shifted vertically from the stirring blade part 13 of the adjacent rotating vertical shaft 1, and the tips of the adjacent stirring blade parts 13 or the tips of the stirring blade parts 13 are slightly shifted from each other in the vertical direction. The trajectories drawn overlap each other.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a combination of a plurality of rotating vertical shafts 1 provided at a plurality of locations with screw portions 12 spaced apart from each other at regular intervals in the vertical direction.

In this case, the screw portions 12 of adjacent vertical rotating shafts 1 are shifted in the vertical direction so that they are not at the same level.

In this embodiment as well, the trajectories drawn by the outer ends of the screw portions 12 of the adjacent vertical rotating shafts 1 overlap with each other.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a combination of a plurality of rotary vertical shafts 1, each of which has a plurality of rotating vertical shafts 1, each of which has a plurality of stirring blades 13 spaced apart from each other at regular intervals in the vertical direction.

In this case, the stirring blades 13 of adjacent vertical rotating shafts 1 are shifted in the vertical direction, and the trajectories drawn by the tips of the stirring blades 13 overlap each other.

By the way, as shown in the drawing, the bits 10 installed on adjacent rotating vertical axes 1 are shifted vertically (bits that are adjacent to each other in the radial or circumferential direction of the rotation locus where the rotating vertical shafts rotate as a group are vertically shifted). Also, the independent rotation trajectories of the vertically shifted adjacent bits 10 partially overlap with each other.

Here, the rotation direction of the plurality of rotating vertical shafts 1 can be arbitrarily selected by adjusting the meshing of the gears 9 and the number of gears 9 that transmit rotation.

As an example of this direction of rotation, it is shown by an arrow in FIGS. 3 to 6 (.

The direction of rotation of the plurality of rotating vertical shafts 1 can be determined depending on the purpose of the excavation, for example, by determining the relationship between the excavated soil and a liquid such as cement milk or a mixture of cement milk and asphalt in the excavation hole. The direction of rotation of each shaft may be determined depending on the case where mixing and agitation is the main purpose, or when all or part of the excavated soil is to be discharged to the outside.

When excavating the ground 2, the casing K is rotated, and each of the plurality of rotating vertical shafts 1 is rotated within the rotating casing, and at the same time, a group of the plurality of rotating vertical shafts 1 is rotated as a unit. Alternatively, the ground 2 is excavated by swinging in the horizontal rotation direction.

In this case, the ground 2 is excavated by the rotating casing K, and the ground 2 is excavated by each rotating vertical shaft 1, and the group of the plurality of rotating vertical shafts 1 rotates as a whole, and the rotation trajectory of the adjacent bits 10 is partially The excavated soil is excavated by overlapping each other, and the excavated soil is finely ground in the simultaneously rotating casing by the rotation of each rotating vertical shaft 1, and is also finely ground and sized by the rotation of the entire group of rotating vertical shafts 1. It is something that will be done.

If cement milk or a mixed liquid of cement milk and asphalt is injected into the excavated hole during excavation, mixing and agitation of these liquids and the excavated soil will be performed efficiently.

Further, when the earth is removed by the screw part 12, the excavated earth and sand is finely ground, so that the earth can be easily removed.

In the present invention, as described above, the bits are provided at the lower ends of a plurality of rotating vertical axes, the hits of adjacent rotating vertical axes are shifted in the vertical direction, and the rotational trajectories of the bits are partially overlapped with each other. Enveloping the entire plurality of rotating vertical shafts in a cylindrical casing, rotating the casing, rotating each of the plurality of rotating vertical shafts within the rotating casing, and rotating the plurality of rotating vertical shafts as a unit; Since the ground is excavated by shaking, the rotation of the casing, the rotation or rocking of the rotary vertical axes in the rotating casing, and the rotation or rocking of the rotary vertical axes as a whole. The synergistic effect of the independent rotation of each shaft and the overlap of the rotational trajectories of adjacent bits enables efficient drilling by quadruple drilling. It is possible to excavate a large diameter with the same size as the trajectory, and during this large diameter excavation, parts of the rotational trajectories of adjacent bits overlap each other, so the portion that is not excavated in a large diameter drilling hole. As a result, the large-diameter borehole can be drilled uniformly in the horizontal section, and the rotary casing, which is approximately the same size as the locus caused by the rotation or oscillation of the rotary vertical shaft group as a unit, can be drilled uniformly in the horizontal section. It is easy to excavate, and since excavation is carried out inside a rotating casing, it has the advantage of being able to excavate accurately without disturbing the surrounding ground.

Furthermore, since the rotating vertical shafts rotate or swing together in the rotating casing, there is an advantage that the rotating vertical shafts can smoothly rotate or swing without experiencing large resistance from the surrounding ground.

If the rotating casing is designed to be removable, the excavator can be pulled up leaving the casing in the ground at the excavation diameter, and in this case, a large-diameter casing can be driven into the ground.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing an example of an excavator used in the present invention, FIGS. 2 a and b are sectional views taken along line XX in FIG. 1, and sectional views taken along line XX in FIG. Figures 3 to 6 are schematic cross-sectional views showing the arrangement of the shafts of the above excavator, and Figures 7 and 8 are examples of the same excavator in which a part of the screw and a stirring blade are provided on the rotating vertical shaft. It is a front view of an example, and 1 is a rotating vertical axis, 2 is the ground, and K is a casing.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Bits are provided at the lower ends of the plurality of vertical rotating shafts, and the bits of adjacent vertical rotating shafts are shifted in the vertical direction, and the rotation loci of the bits partially overlap each other, so that the entire plurality of vertical rotating shafts are The ground is excavated by rotating the casing, rotating each of the plurality of rotating vertical shafts within the rotating casing, and rotating or swinging the plurality of rotating vertical shafts as a unit. A ground excavation method characterized by: