JPS5918475A - Freezing and frosting damage forecaster - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To protect farm plants from possible withering by alarming against the occurence of freezing and frosting damage when the temperature, the humidity and the atmospheric pressure exceed the target values of respective sensors. CONSTITUTION:Measured values of sensors 6, 11 for temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure are indicated on a display panel of a display section 3. Alarm lamps A E are respectively set on five whether conditions divided in five stages from sensing initial possibility to certainty of occurance in the freezing and frosting damage. When the measured values and the calculated values meet the first condition, the alarm lamp A works. The meeting of the second and third conditions triggers the alarm lamp B and the alarm lamp C in succession. Thus, it is indicated how the weather conditons progress gradually to the occurance of the freezing and frosting damage. With the arrival at the final condition, the alarm lamp E works. At the same time, a warning buzzer F sounds to indicate the high certainty of the occurance.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention reliably predicts the occurrence of frostbite in a specific area, efficiently implements anti-inflammatory measures,
This invention relates to a frost damage prediction device for protecting agricultural crops from withering and death.

Since the days when weather disasters were given by nature and people had no choice but to adapt to them, various innovations have been carried out due to advances in agricultural technology and the agricultural mindset. There is a lot of momentum to #
, flowering, young fruits, and other crops in the early stages of growth, especially Ii.
, The fact that Th's Shishibatsu will be wiped out in one chapter is the first V! be done.

As is well known, the occurrence of frostcaves is caused by the intrusion of cold anticyclones into Japan. This is caused by the night cooling phenomenon caused by heat radiation.

For this reason, meteorological observatories around the country are warning of the danger of frost damage and are not reporting the danger of frost damage based on the forecast of the arrival of the Cedar High Pressure System in the United States. If it appears, M-, 11 is not guaranteed for all prefectures,
PJI somewhere in the prefecture: The IR performance of the box will be tested. Therefore, we should be very careful, but if we were to carry out PhfF1441k after the announcement was made, it would have cost us a lot of money and labor, and the 16j head cap would have been If you say you don't get the hit and don't stop, you will receive a huge kW of farts. In addition, even if it is a meteorological observatory, the 1111 ground plane f
F: I was covered in soy sauce so I let my guard down! In some cases, severe damage occurred in parts of the prefecture because only one warning was received.

As mentioned above, we cannot obtain in' frost predictions, and each power plant freezes at 1% 11% year after year! - is occurring in Shozang, but! ψ
Atsushi'/i In the damage prediction system, crocodiles are also needed.
, As mentioned above, it is done in a ``hit or miss'' manner, as it can be wiped out with just one stroke of the middle gate, and is sometimes exposed to irreparable danger. It should not be like a weather forecast.

The apologist focused on (3) the following dedication as the cause of the difficulty in predicting freezing and reforecasting. Figure 1 is a reference map showing the distribution of weather associated with a migratory high pressure system, and as an example, it is moving across central Japan from west to east. Except for the fact that the transition zone changes from north to south depending on the time, the meaning shown in Figure 1 is 1.
It is normal to pass at a speed of 40 to 50 km per hour depending on the weather distribution. According to this figure, 81 is passing by Hirata 1, the center of the high pressure system H is located in the northeastern semicircle, and in the southwest semicircle there is immediately a cloudy belt, followed by Hon 8 belt, and then a rain belt. There is no possibility of frost damage occurring in the southwestern semicircle, and the possibility of frost damage occurring in the northeastern semicircle is limited. Also, this? iI-: The gauze of atmospheric pressure H is 1010l5 and 10211 on isobars a, respectively.
As for 11+nb, the cold air becomes more and more severe as you approach center H from around I020nabg. The area that was hit by Jujuin was very cold, and as mentioned earlier, this uncooled area moved eastward to Sugi-Ayu, and about 8 hours later, along with Center H, it was overtaken on 11!11'/1iI. If the center Hg') of the mobile anticyclone is located on the map before 4:00 p.m.(4), then the center H will be located before the night-cold riverbed rises and becomes conducive to frost. Since the base has left the Tokai area, there is no danger for either party, and if the center of the mobile atmospheric pressure is at around 10 p.m., there will be no danger in the next day *j1. , Jk
There will be an outbreak of Chen Fanhang in the prefecture of Chengdu. Therefore, the anti-icing of Hayashi 1a11-induced anticyclone is not necessarily freezing) 01
Don't give birth to Japan! ! The area where it occurs will be affected depending on the timing of its passage and the timing of its passage.Predicting and tracking this passage course and timing is an extremely effective means of predicting frost shelters. What should be noted is #1) The extent of the dynamic anticyclone is enormous, and even if the area where frost damage can occur in Azusa is clearly limited, it is still a large area with a cold 1-1 scale. As an extreme example, 100
M ~ At a distance of 200M, there is a large difference of 16°C on one side and +1''C on the other side, and it is so localized that it is divided into two areas: ``Wukon'' and ``Wukou''. Yes, the reason is
Topography and environment, i.e., coastal fields, flatlands, slopes, mountains, basins, remote areas (plainlands where mountains are located after IJR), or even the presence or location of nearby lakes, rivers, and forests, especially the surrounding areas. The damage is greatest in the 10,000 basins, where the cold air flowing down from the mountains has no outlet and stagnates, while there is less damage from the mountain tops to the slopes, where the cold air flowing down from rivers, lakes and marshes, and the cold air flowing down from the mountains is blocked. It can be said that there is no grade in the private part of the forest.

Figure 2 is a reference map of the minimum temperature distribution at the foot of Mt. Nasu published in Kozo Kiri Ujirō 11: "Reihyaku and Weather." It forms a gentle slope from the upper left to the lower right, and flows from the upper left highlands. The falling cold air enters the central needle # forest and the right forest, forming an f6 path or γh hole that appears on the 16C line, i (Q cold air *@L, downward from 13°C to -5° The frost-damaged land of C is expanding, and from the central Ml forest lower site to the left slope, there are many free-standing tombs with temperatures ranging from 12C to +2C.

Above, we have explained that the passage course of a mobile high pressure system, the passage timing, and the locality due to topography etc. are the decisive points in predicting damage to the frozen box.From these 11 reasons, rainbow The purpose is to obtain Kt measurement data from a pressure sensor that monitors the pressure in one direction of the cylinder pressure, and a sensor that takes into consideration the topography of the land. We centrally control and determine the weather conditions for the occurrence of frost shield damage on several 19 floors, from initial warning to the start of anti-frost work. Correct the cold condition and program it in the control 81 (temporarily read each sensor data and compare it with the corrected condition 2) to display or issue a warning of the frost 1'r + true occurrence process. In this way, our goal is to provide an almost perfect device for predicting the occurrence of Frozen Ark in that area.

The most preferred fruit 7i below! An example will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 3 is a 7072 diagram showing the main configuration of the present invention, in which the sensor section (1) includes a barometric pressure sensor (6) that measures the absolute value of the atmospheric pressure that changes ↑, and a barometric sensor (6) that measures the relative humidity. Temperature sensors (7) and (7) for measuring temperature near the ground surface, temperature sensor (8) for measuring air temperature near the ground surface, and
The island temperature sensor (9) installed at a height of 8 to 9 meters above the ground at the same location as the M order sensor (8), and the remote location, for example, the coldest air in Tadagata, are % hole, cold air? Temperature sensors (10) were installed on the private road (road 1') and on the cultivation surface of agricultural crops. It consists of an 8 degree sensor (11) and is centrally connected to an analog multiplexer (12).

The central computer system (2) includes a storage unit (13), a central processing bag (14), and a display interface (15).
, and ^/D converter (16), analog input selection circuit (17), time control (1B) condition selection circuit c≠
), and the sensor part (1) is time-controlled and sequentially ^/
The data is stored in the storage unit (13) via a D converter, processed, compared with old data, and output to the display unit (3) via the display 81+interface (15).

FIG. 4 is an external view of the present invention, showing the display panel (6'
) displays the measurement 11 of the barometric pressure sensor (6) in mb, the display panel (7') displays the measurement 41 of the humidity sensor (7 (8)) in %, and the display panel (8') displays the temperature. The ti measurement value of the sensor (8) is displayed on the display panel (9'), and the measured value of the high-altitude J/I sensor (9) is displayed on the display panel (9').
10') and (11') respectively have temperature sensors (10),
(11), and the display panel (20) displays the atmospheric pressure M degree, that is, the change in atmospheric pressure per unit time in 10- and mb/h, and the display panel (21) displays the temperature sensor ( 8), the temperature gradient, that is, the amount of temperature change per unit time, is expressed as 'O/)l.

Next, the warning lamp (^, 0.D%E, ) is set and calculated by dividing the weather conditions from the time when the initial possibility of frostbite is detected to the certainty of its appearance into 5#+ floors. When Jin 1 I and its IT calculation I 11 meet the first condition, a warning lamp (^)
is displayed, and when the second condition and then the third condition are met, v
The warning indicator (a) is displayed, followed by (0), indicating that the weather conditions are gradually progressing toward the occurrence of frost damage, and when the final condition is reached, the warning indicator (g) is displayed.・
At the same time, the alarm buzzer (F) is sounded, and finally the freezing box 11
This means that the occurrence is certain. The condition selection key (4) is mainly used to change the settings of the final conditions according to the type of cultivated crops or the growing season, and is generally used to change the setting of the final conditions according to the type of cultivated crops or the growing season. As a result of the accident, the cell fluid of the caught fish at the early stage of growth, as mentioned in 1., becomes condensed.
The temperature at which the N4 weave melts and kills the growing point is said to be below 129C, but if it collapses, the apples will change color and cause ``Tsuhomi''.
is less than -3,9'O, small grapes are 10,5°
Since there is a considerable difference between C and below, depending on the situation at that time, press the low temperature key (G) or medium low temperature key (H) of the condition selection key (4') to select the freezing 4Ti damage generation condition. It is.

Below, we will describe the condition settings from the first condition to the 5th and final condition for predicting the formation of frost f^ moss in the formation fold condition of the device of this invention. *First condition, measured value at 6 p.m. But the atmospheric pressure is 1018IIl
B or more, relative/B degree 70% or less ・J degree sensor (8) value should be 7″C or less.

*Second condition, atmospheric pressure is 1020 mb or more, pressure gradient is 5
cb/H or higher.

*Third condition, A10 of temperature compensation sensor (9) is 1 degree sensor (
8) A1: When QA<.

*Fourth condition, the values of conductivity sensors (10) and (11) are +3
°C or below, Q is measured by Hori N sensor (8) / 1 (IJ
When the temperature is -α8°C/H or higher.

*5th, by Aki Shujo, 7M dwarf sensor (10) (When 11 is below +1C.

Of the above-mentioned conditions, the first and second conditions are based on the timing of the above-mentioned transmissible TDR anticyclone passing through this area and the probability of a single impact on its passage course. Weather map or! It would be slanderous to start this device by referring to the main information.

The third condition is knowing the formation of a horizontal land inversion layer in the air near the ground surface, predicting that the ground's heat radiation is active and will become increasingly lower in the future, and depending on the strength or strength of the inversion layer. As the anti-frost method and its effectiveness become clearer, if you measure the reversal strength or the thickness of the reversal layer and display it as l'/j.
1m activity becomes even more convenient.

In the fourth and fifth conditions, the ecology is already concentrating on the descent of Qi 1M, which is the second cause of freezing,
Ultimately, the drop in surface temperature of farmland becomes the decisive factor in predicting the occurrence of freezing damage.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the above-described process of computer production of the stitches of each sensor from input of measured values to display, condition determination, and alarm.

Using the device of the present invention developed as described above, an example of the passage of a migratory high-pressure system over Japan with a commercial pattern can be seen as a low-pressure system that brought rain two days ago and moved over the eastern region. 9. According to the weather map, there is a developed anticyclone with a central index of 1035 mb in the northwestern part of the Chosen Peninsula, moving eastwards. In the morning, the high pressure system reaches the Sea of Japan, and during the day a cold northwest wind blows, but by the evening it has stopped, and as the sun sets, the air begins to drop, and in the evening, the rain from the day before 11 makes the air cold. The dust inside has been washed away and the sky is clear, with a party sparkling, there is no breeze, and there is not a single cloud in the sky. Yoreizuributa is encouraged X111
- It can be seen that under certain conditions. The case where this mobile anticyclone passes directly above the observation site at the timing of the above-mentioned frost f & grey occurrence is shown as a time passage and a display of sensor measurement values,
The relationship with the warning display is explained using the table below.

In the above table, the various displays are shown vertically and the displayed time is shown horizontally.
The ◎ mark indicates the V alarm display, and at 18:00 the atmospheric pressure (6
') has an absolute value of 1021 mb, and R &(7') has an absolute value of 6.
8%, ;F/f(8') is 6.86C and the first condition 1 light is emitted, so the alarm lamp (A) is displayed, and 20;0
At 0:00, the atmospheric pressure (6') is 1022.5! Ilb, atmospheric pressure +
J4 degrees (20) changes to 0.5cb/H, satisfies the second condition, displays the warning lamp (a), predicts that a mobile anticyclone is moving straight into the observation area, and begins anti-frost work. Prepare yourself and hang your head.

22: At 00:00, the display panel (9) of the local 1 degree sensor (9) displays 4.3'a, and the ground temperature (8)
It is confirmed that the temperature has risen above 4.1°C, an inversion layer has been formed, and radiative cooling of the earth's surface is progressing.Since the M3 condition is met, the warning lamp (a) is displayed and it is finally time for Freeze 11.
The conditions for the originator of the harm will be met. However, after this, the value of the barometric pressure display (6) decreased (atmospheric pressure 114).
), and when the pressure gradient display (20) becomes below +o, smb, <o, the warning lamps (^) and (a) disappear and the center of the mobile anticyclone passes through the W measurement point and leaves the ice register. N
I can see that #1 of iF has disappeared. However, 21
From 23:00 to 23:00, 9 atm falls by 1.5 to 2.0IIlb due to "daily changes in atmospheric pressure", and it is normal for the upper range to start from 23:00, so from 24:00 After that, when the time reaches 24 o'clock, the display panel (10') of (11), (if'
) + 2°C and 22°C are displayed respectively, and the temperature compensation slope I display panel (21) shows -0, 8°O/H, and the alarm lamp (0) is displayed after passing the 4th condition. do. At this point, workers will notify each house of the danger of frost damage, conduct inspections of prevention and equipment, and inspect the first purchase, and then the workers will stand by. Well, on that day, just before 2 o'clock in the morning, the display panels (10') and (11') each showed 0.5°C, so the final conditions were reached, so v? fll
Lamp (E) is out of display and alarm # (F) is “AQ cotton Q-”
Sai and Bohoko are dispatched to the prefecture.

In the embodiment described above, the alarm display was set to five levels, but
If you set the conditions and set the 3rd, 4th, or 6th level, you will be disappointed (also, water absorption).

The conductivity of the body of the cell body B, which undergoes the action of transpiration, that is, the cell fluid that freezes and dies, can be expressed by wet-bulb temperature compensation, so a wet-bulb thermometer is installed in the mounting medium. If you do this, 1 [
It is safe because it can directly predict freezing of plants, and it can be used in combination with other iM&sensors (8 to 10), which are equivalent to dry cloth, to determine dew point and relative humidity, so moisture in the air can be monitored. It is also possible to avoid being distracted by a temporary rise in temperature by considering the fact that most of the heat is released during freezing or solidification.

As detailed above, the freezing r@damage prediction system of this invention, t
If it is used to predict local frost f#l damage, it will be possible to reliably detect the occurrence or avoidance of frost f#l in a step-by-step manner, which will save unnecessary labor and costs in the prevention work. There are 8 ways to reliably and efficiently protect your set from freezing ThpitF.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Houki 1■1j Cedar dynamic A atmospheric pressure reference diagram, Figure 2 is a reference diagram of minimum temperature distribution. Figure 3 1j Basic implementation of the present invention hI
! An example is a block diagram showing the main configuration of the device, FIG. 4 is a front view of the measurement value display section and the alarm display section, and FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the computer's capabilities. . (1)...Sensor section (2) Central computer system, (3)...Display section, (4)...One board for condition selection, (20)...Atmospheric pressure #degrees, (21)・
...Ki, M tilt, (^, 8, C, D%B)... Alarm lamp, (F)... Alarm pusher, (4')...
・Condition selection key, patented! Recorded by Asahin Fuja Co., Ltd. 117) April 9, 1981 1 Display of case Special application filed in 1982! lIF Registration Application No. 128487 3 Person making the amendment Relationship with the case Applicant 7 Contents of the amendment ``Details 111, page 4, line 2''
This is a reference diagram showing ``...'' is replaced by ``...''.
↑The figure shows...J(2) Same book, page 6, No. 1
Lines 0 to 11 [This is a reference diagram of the lowest-temperature M distribution,
'' should be corrected to ``This is a quote from the weekly distribution of humidity and cyclones.'' (3) Ibid.'IF, page 17, line 2 [Figure 1 is...
``The moon map,'' is corrected to ``Figure 1 is a popular map of the passage of a transmissible anticyclone.'' (4) "...Reference figure 1" on page 17, line 3 of the same book
It is. Correct J to "A diagram showing the differences depending on the topography." ↑

Claims (1)

[Claims] (+) A temperature sensor provided at a predetermined height, one or more temperature sensors provided on the ground surface, a humidity sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a central control unit for each of the sensors, and a display. It reads the data of each sensor and displays it on the finger ffi, and also displays the gradient of atmospheric pressure and surface temperature (changes per unit time 1i).
), and the IT measurement value of each of the sensors and the standard value of the slope, which were set in a hierarchical manner, were moderated! A frost damage prediction device that notifies the occurrence of frost damage in stages by visual or auditory means. (2) Wet bulb one of the M guest sensors described in the previous section>! Special 8'F-¥ to * range 1 item 1 soft ring 11 damage prediction system characterized by having an A-sparing sensor.