JPS59180269A - Heat-insulating method and heat-insulating structure - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heat insulation method and a heat insulation structure. This type of heat insulating structure is described in the patent application filed by the applicant on December 10, 1980 under the title of the invention entitled "A thermal insulating system particularly suitable for building structures".
systemparticularly adapted
for building const-ructi
ons) (Application No. 215083). This prior application discloses a hollow insulation panel having an internal chamber of negative (vacuum) pressure. Single or multiple insulating panels may be used individually or in clusters and inserted overlapping building components (walls, floors, ceilings, etc.). Panels of the latter type may be placed, for example, in the area between the studs of a building, and springs, chains, etc., may be used to support these panels in a regular spacing relationship with respect to the associated architectural structure (studs). do.

Because the springs and similar bonding components contact only a limited external surface area of the insulating panel, heat transfer between one insulating panel and the surrounding building structure (studs) is minimized. Additionally, a plurality of pin-like components, such as conventional nails, are placed spaced apart from the outer periphery of the insulation panel. The purpose of this structure is to provide limited external surface area contact between the insulation panels in the event that the springs, coupling parts, etc. become malfunctioning.

Without nails, the insulated panel would be in direct contact with associated building components and structures (studs), reducing the effectiveness of the insulated panel.

According to the invention, insulating panels of the type described above are utilized, but instead of being placed as a whole over architectural components such as ceilings, walls, floors, etc., the composite panels are placed away from the factory or building in which they are installed. Prefabricated (hereinafter prefabricated) panels made on site can be assembled to produce panels similar to the types of insulation panels described above. The composite panel includes negative pressure, multiple vacuum insulation panels of the type described above, and further includes one or more openings or access areas. The opening or accessible area corresponds in size, shape, and location to similar openings in walls, ceilings, floors, etc. For example, if a building under construction or after construction has a vertical wall with one door and one window, the composite panels of the present invention can be used with lengths and widths that match the length and width of the walls of the building. By assembling in this manner, two openings can be defined that match the size, shape, and position of door and window openings in the wall of the building being constructed or after construction. Therefore, a composite panel with insulation panels housed therein can be transported to a construction site and easily installed within the building, defining an opening in the composite insulation panel that is equivalent to an opening in a vertical wall.

If the building is fully constructed and has a roof, it is not possible to install composite insulation panels within the existing building simply because it is not possible to install composite insulation panels within the existing walls without any detrimental structural impact. It is generally impossible to form composite walls, ceilings, and floors that match the overall length and width of the walls, ceilings, and floors. In such cases, the composite insulation panels are formed in a variety of different lengths and widths not greater than one door, the standard height of the opening (approximately 213 crrL). Thus, if a 4.26 m x 6.10 m floor is to be covered with one or more composite panels according to the invention and must be transported into the installation location through a standard door opening, then generally 2.13 m. m x 3. ．． 05 m of composite panels can be lined up to cover the entire floor of 4.26 m x 6.10 m. Obviously, use as few composite panels as possible. For example, 1 piece is 2,
The four composite panels measuring 13 m x 3.05 m are small in size and have a suitable weight, so they can be easily and comfortably handled.

When insulating the vertical walls of an existing building with composite insulation panels in accordance with the present invention, the number of composite units or panels for the wall can be minimized and can be easily passed through openings (doors and windows) in the existing building for insulation. pre-formed into the most convenient unit for installation. When a vertical wall of an existing building has standard-sized doors and windows, 2,3.4 or more composite panels may be utilized, as will be discussed in more detail below. Although in all cases the present invention directs attention to the construction of composite panels as preformed units that are assembled inside buildings after and during construction;
Of course, the same unit can also be placed outside an existing or under construction building and a suitable Seidink installed thereon.

In accordance with the present invention, a composite insulating panel has one or more hollow insulating inner panels within an outer hollow panel having predetermined inner and outer surface sizes and shapes.

Depending on the individual building being insulated, the external hollow panels may have no openings or fit into existing door openings, window openings, stairwell openings, drainage and sewage pipe openings, etc. It is also possible to have one or more openings.

Furthermore, according to the invention, these composite panels can be prefabricated into easily transportable units and assembled on site to insulate buildings during or after construction.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 shows an ordinary building as a whole with reference symbol B, and from the top it shows the roof R, the ordinary ceiling C, the walls S,...
2 and a normal floor F. The ceiling has a normal ceiling beam JC, and the floor F has a normal floor beam Jf. Wall Sl, S2
has vertical wall studs Ws which partially define a normal door opening Od and window openings Owl and ow2. 0w2 has a normal window W in it. The ceiling C, walls S, .

Building B in Figure 1 is shown with all insulation materials omitted, and according to normal practice, insulation materials are rod-shaped or cylindrical, and are generally used for walls, studs Ws and ceiling beams Jc. or in the area between the floor joists.

The present invention is designed to sufficiently insulate Building B or a building with a similar structure without insulation, and to increase the existing heat insulation effect in a relatively simple and economical manner.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the new insulation system of the present application.

This system is indicated generally by reference numeral 10 and is shown installed in building B along two side walls 81182. The insulation system IO consists of prefabricated insulation panels of various different sizes and shapes. As can be easily seen from Figure 'f, 3, this heat insulating panel consists of six panels, panels 21 to 26, which are joined to the side walls S+a. A similar group of prefabricated insulation panels (hereinafter referred to as prefabricated) (no reference numerals) also exists for the side wall S2, but the reference numerals are not changed and the description is omitted for the sake of a concise explanation of the invention.

In FIG. 3, prefabricated insulation panel 21 is generally hollow and rectangular. The structure includes a front rectangular panel 27, a rear rectangular panel track, parallel sides 30, 31, parallel top and bottom ends 32, 33, and parallel partitions 34, 35, 36. Therefore, the entire prefabricated insulation panel 21 consists of four separate hollow chambers 3.
7 to 40, with each chamber having a hollow rectangular container or lower (vacuum) insulating panel.

Reference numeral 50 is used to support containers 41-44, which are hollow vacuum insulation panels, in a generally spatially separated relationship from panels 27, 28, side plates 30, 31, upper end 32, lower end 33, partitions 34-36, etc. The coil springs generally shown in FIG.
1 and the related components. Therefore spring 5
0 supports containers 41-44 of vacuum insulation panels in spatially separated relationship within chambers 37-40, respectively.

Since the contact between the spring 50 and the vacuum panels 41-44 is very limited, heat conduction between the composite panel 21 and the side wall S is minimized, thereby ensuring maximum heat insulation effect. Additionally, this spring is made of metal;
It can also be constructed of a material such as Plasmetium, which has very low thermal conductivity characteristics (insulating in both heat and cold), thereby further increasing and strengthening the insulation effect of the insulation panel 21.

A member generally designated by the reference numeral 51 is also associated with each of the internal hollow vacuum insulation panel vessels 41-44. Member 31 is a plurality of elongated pin-like elements of relatively small cross section. This pin-like element consists, for example, simply of a nail, with side walls 30, 31, an upper end 32, a lower end 33
, the pin-like elements 31 are driven into the partitions 34 to 36 and the panels 27 and 28, and the exposed ends of the nails face the containers 41 to 44 of the internal vacuum insulated panels at a predetermined distance apart. contacts a limited area of the outer surface of any of the internal hollow vacuum panels 41-44 when the The purpose is to For example, if the lowest spring 50 supporting the internal vacuum vessel 44 becomes weak, the vessel 4
4 will fall and therefore try to contact a larger surface area portion of the outer panel 21. However, this does not occur because the bottom (not numbered) of the lowest container 44 is supported by the top of the lowest pin 51 when the spring 50 is damaged or inoperative.

It should be noted in particular that the perforated insulation panel 21 is of sufficient height and width to contain or cover the entire wall S1 from the ceiling C to the floor F and to the left of the door opening Od. Therefore, the perforated insulation panels 21 are preassembled, moved to the site of building B, brought in through the door Od, placed in the position shown in Figures 2 and 3, and then nailed in place. or otherwise secure it in place.

The remaining perforated insulation panels 22-26 will not be described in detail since they are generally assembled similarly to the prefabricated insulation panel 2R, but similar reference numerals will be used for ease of reference.

In other words, the perforated insulation panel 22 has a side surface 30'.

31', upper end 32', lower end 33', front and rear panels 27'
, 28', the latter collectively defining a compartment 37'. One vacuum hollow container panel 41' is accommodated in the compartment 37', the panel 41 being supported by conventional springs 50 and associated therewith with pin-like elements 51. The overall size and shape of the prefabricated insulation panel 22 is adapted to the area between the ceiling C and the upper edge of the door opening Od;
It also fits into the area between the remaining adjacent prefabricated insulation panels 21 and 23.

Prefabricated insulation panel 23 is approximately the same height as prefabricated insulation panel 21, but approximately twice as wide. Side surfaces 30'', 31'', upper end 32'', lower end 33', partitions 34'' to 36'', front panel 27'', rear panel 28
" form a heat insulation panel introduction, and four compartments 37" to 40 collectively have vacuum hollow container panels 4P, 42", etc. inside.
The size of the prefabricated heat insulating panel 23 fits not only between the door opening Od and the window opening 0w1 but also between the ceiling C and the floor 2.

The perforated insulation panels 24 and 25 are the insulation panels 25
It is structurally the same as the prefabricated insulating panel 22, except that it is slightly longer than the panels 22 and 24.

Finally, the prefabricated insulation panel 26 is the prefabricated insulation panel 2.
It has a height equal to 1 but only half the width and has two relatively long but slender inner hollow vacuum insulated panel vessels 41", 42" inside.

From the above explanation, regardless of whether building B has been constructed or is under construction, prefabricated insulation panels 21 to 26 are created at the factory,
It can be seen that heat insulation can be achieved by transporting to the site, installing it inside (or outside), and sufficiently covering the surface of all side walls s1 of building B. Ceiling C, floor F and entrance/exit opening OW
2 obviously relates to the different sizes and shapes of the remaining various walls S2 and can be constructed and assembled in the same way as prefabricated insulation panels. This is clear not only from FIG. 2 but also from FIGS. 6 and 7. Figures 6 and 7 show a similar prefabricated insulation panel to the ceiling C (6th
This is a diagram showing the installation in the attic and foundation Bl (Figure 7) of Figure).

In Figure 6, the ceiling C is the opening 0 for accessing the attic.
Illustrated with 3. The attic access opening Oa can be adapted to a stairwell, stairs, or descending stairs. To insulate the attic, ten equal prefabricated insulation panels 61-70 are placed on the ceiling C of the attic as shown in the figure, and each of the perforated insulation panels 61-70 is
It consists of a square defining four compartments, with an internal vacuum vessel or panel inside each compartment. Square panel 61~
The size of 70 can be changed, but a panel of approximately 126 CrrL square is good. One more prefabricated insulation panel 71
is approximately half the size of any one of the panels 61 to 70 and placed between the attic opening Oa and the heat insulating panel 700. Therefore, all the panels except panel 71 are arranged with the same size. Panels 66, 68 and 71 then generally surround to define an access opening Oa.

Thereby, all attic areas above the ceiling C are insulated in a relatively easy and effective way. In this case, if the opening Oa is the only accessible area in the attic, all of the panels 61 to 71 should naturally be sized to fit the opening Oa.

The prefabricated insulation panels 61-71 are made to have a stronger structure than the panels 21-26 when people need to walk on them or place furniture on them. When this is not necessary, the prefabricated insulation panels 61-71 are generally the same in construction as detailed with respect to the prefabricated insulation panel 21.

FIG. 7 shows the same prefabricated insulation panels as previously described with respect to FIG. 6, except for the unique panels 81,82. Two unique panels 8 that are generally square
1 and 82 are completely penetrating openings 83 and 8, respectively.
4, 85 and containing one or more vacuum, hollow, internal containers or panels (not numbered). The passage openings 83 to 85 are intended to be applied to pipes such as water pipes, sewage discharge pipes, and electric wire conduits, that is, conduits Pc. Therefore, if the pipe Pd is present, the insulation panel 81 is prefabricated with an opening 83;
As shown in FIG. 7, it is easy to position the area immediately adjacent to the pipe Pc to be sufficiently insulated.

From what has been described above, it is clear that the present invention can be modified, and the following modifications may be considered as some of them. For example, although the prefabricated insulation panels 21 to 26 each have an independent structure, it is also possible to combine all the panels into one composite panel and apply it to the side wall S. It would be possible if the entire panel could be installed.

Additionally, panels 21-26 can be combined in a variety of different ways, rather than as separate panels or as one composite panel. It is clear that, for example, panels 23-26 could be a single composite panel, and that other modifications could be made in accordance with the invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a partial perspective view of a typical uninsulated building showing vertical walls, ceilings, floors and window openings;
3 is a partial perspective view of the building shown in FIG. Figure 4 shows the internal construction of multiple composite panels, each with one or more internal panels under negative pressure. Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 in Figure 3 showing how it is installed without any interference, and Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 in Figure 3 showing the internal details of one composite insulation panel.
Figure 6 is a perspective view of the ceiling and attic floor of the building in Figure 1 where multiple composite panels are installed, and Figure 7 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view taken with several composite panels installed. FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of the base of the building shown in FIG. 1, showing an opening for accommodating water (water supply or sewage discharge). lO...Insulation system, 21~? , 8.61-71・
・・Insulation panel, 34-36・・Partition, 37
~40...Chamber, 41-44 Container, 50...
Spring. 338

Claims (1)

Claims: (1) wall means for defining a negative pressure interior chamber and forming a plurality of hollow insulating internal panels having a predetermined external shape, the insulating internal panels being an external panel; means for forming an exterior hollow panel of a predetermined interior shape sufficient to accommodate a plurality of interior panels in side-to-side relationship so as to be enclosed in spaced relation therein; and said interior and exterior panels; a first contact means for supporting the inner panel in a spaced apart relationship with respect to the outer panel and contacting a limited external surface area of the inner panel; a second contact means which is normally in contact with a limited external surface area of said inner panel and contacts a limited external surface area of said inner panel only when said contact means is damaged; The panel and the external panel are in direct contact, said second contact means being elongated pin-like elements of relatively small cross-sectional area, whereby heat transfer through this pin-like element is substantially negligible. , the hollow exterior panel further comprising means for forming at least one heat accessible area corresponding to an opening in an exterior door, window, etc. of the associated building structure; Method. (2) The heat insulation method according to claim (1), wherein the first contact means is a spring. (3) The heat insulation method according to claim (1), wherein the first contact means is a coil spring. (4) Claim 1, wherein the accessible area is an opening bounded by the outer edge of the external panel.
The insulation method described in ). (5) The insulation method according to claim 1, wherein the accessible area is an opening partially bounded and defined by the outer edge of the external panel. (6) The accessible area is an opening defined by an outer edge of the external panel. a region having at least first and second openings, the first opening bounded by a perimeter of the exterior panel, and the second opening bounded in part by a perimeter of the exterior panel; , and (7) the accessible area is an opening in the outer panel, and the opening is defined by at least three inner panels. (8) The method of insulation according to claim 4, wherein the first contact means is a spring. (9) ) The heat insulation method according to claim (4), wherein the first contact means is a coil spring. (10) The heat insulation method according to claim (5), wherein the first contact means is a spring. (11) The heat insulation method according to claim (5), wherein the first contact means is a coil spring. (12) Claim (6), wherein the first contact means is a spring. (13) The insulation method according to claim (1), wherein the first contact means is a coil spring. (14) The second contact means has a relatively small cross-sectional area. The insulation method according to claim 6, wherein the insulation method is an elongated pin-like element, and the heat conduction through the pin-like element is substantially negligible. (15) A plurality of load-bearing walls; means for defining building elements such as floors, ceilings, etc.; and means for defining at least one opening therein in association with at least a selected one of said building elements; the element has a predetermined size and shape, the one opening has a predetermined size and shape, and further the predetermined size and shape of the selected one building element. means for forming an opening in said hollow external panel generally corresponding to the size and shape of said one opening; the hollow exterior panel is disposed in contact with the selected building element and the associated opening is conventional, and the plurality of hollow insulated interior panels each define a negative pressure interior chamber. wherein the interior panel is wrapped within the exterior panel in spaced side relation to the exterior panel, further comprising an interior panel for supporting the interior panel in spaced relation to the exterior panel. and an outer panel and contacting a limited outer surface area of said inner panel.
contact means within said outer panel and normally remote from the outer surface of said inner panel and contacting a limited outer surface area of said inner panel only when said first contact means is compromised; and wherein the second contact means is an elongated pin-like element of relatively small cross-sectional area, whereby heat conduction through this element is substantially negligible. (16) Insulating structure according to claim 15, wherein the first contact means is a spring. (17) Claim 5, wherein the first contact means is a coil spring. insulation structure.