JPS59179689A - Heat-resistant cooling mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a heat-resistant cooling mixture, prepared by sealing in a cooling bag a coated block of a water-containing cooling medium and a plastic bag containing hydrous crystals of sodium sulfate, which is bent to break the inner plastic bag and cause slow cooling. CONSTITUTION:Block A is prepared by melting under heat a cooling medium such as ammonium nitrate, common salt, niter, ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride containing a small amount of water, hardening the melt in a casting mold and forming a coating film 1 of paraffin, etc. on the surface of the resultant heat-resistant cooling medium in block 2. Solvent B is prepared by placing Na2SO4.10-19H2O frozen at below 30 deg.C in a small plastic bag 4 and forming a band 6 for breakage by bending in the center of the bag 4. The solvent B is put in a cooling bag C through an opening 10 and the block A (cooling medium) is inserted in the bag, with expandable porous polyurethane 8 attached as a middle layer, in such a way that the band 6 of the plastic bag 4 and a groove 3 of the block A may be located in the center. Sufficient spaces are provided at both ends to allow bending and the opening 10 of the cooling bag is sealed by welding.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention: In order to improve the safety and heat resistance of the cryogenic agent ammonium nitrate, the cryogenic agent is mixed with other salts such as common salt and a small amount of water, and the mixture is heated and melted at a heating temperature of 100°C or higher. A cryogen block casted and solidified in a mold, sodium sulfate, a bendable plastic bag sealed with 10-19 hydrate crystals such as salt, and an insulating plastic sponge made of salt crystal powder. A heat-resistant cooler that gradually cools the salt by making a plastic laminate bag sealed with salt, bending it to break the bag, and mixing it with the crystals. It is something that affects the body.

Ammonium nitrate, which is generally known to be placed in a cold body, has strong deliquescent properties and absorbs moisture from the air during the packaging process. During storage, it was heated to 70°C, turned into a deliquescent liquid, and often lost its chilling effect. In addition, ammonium nitrate crystal powder, which is sealed while being dehydrated in a vacuum, has high heat resistance when the temperature rises, but is highly explosive, and there are various restrictions on handling.
There was also a problem in terms of sales, and when mixed with other salts, the chilling time was shortened.

In addition, in the case of a plastic ice bag, which is a well-known cooling agent that encloses a pouch containing a water solution sealed with a cryogenic agent, the water temperature increases as the air temperature rises, and even when this water solution is mixed with the cryogen and the bag is broken, the temperature does not drop. There were shortcomings and improvements were required.

In addition, decahydrate, which has 10-19hydrate crystals in sodium sulfate as small needle-like crystals, deliquesces and becomes liquid at temperatures above 35°C, so the heat storage effect becomes higher after changing to liquid form, so it is better to compare. When crystals are formed at high or low temperatures and large orthorhombic blocks are made, deliquescence is gradually suppressed, and when these are sealed in sachets, the heat resistance is improved, and insulating materials such as paper or polyurethane are used. When packaged together, the insulation not only suppresses deliquescence, but also prevents internal destruction during transportation due to the cushioning contact between both crystals, and absorbs excess deliquescence, making it a cryogenic agent. This has the advantage of slowing down the dissolution rate and prolonging the cooling time.

For this reason, the present application recommends adding 1 to 5% ammonium nitrate to improve safety.
Salts such as sodium chloride, urea, ammonium chloride, and ammonium sulfate are added to suppress the moisture content and explosiveness of the block, and the mixture is heated and melted at a temperature of 140 to 180°C, poured into a mold, cooled and solidified, and the released block is then filled with dye. A waterproof block body is made by dipping or coating it in oil such as parapine, hydrogenated oil, plastics, or putty pin. On the other hand, leave an aqueous solution saturated with sodium sulfate at 10 to -5°C to allow the crystals to roll out and form large blocks, then take them out, dehydrate them, seal them in a small plastic bag, and place them in the center of the bag. Create a fracture zone where bending fracture can occur. Both are placed side by side in a plastic laminated multilayer cold-resistant film ice bag, filled with polyurethane absorbent heat insulating material, and sealed.

In such a case, the cryogen block containing highly deliquescent ammonium nitrate is 1.
Since it does not deliquesce at 00℃, it can withstand the high temperatures inside the boat during transportation, so it maintains solidity in a stable state for a long time, and has a sufficient chilling effect.
There will be no combustion explosion during heating at 0°C for approximately 30 minutes.

In addition, the crystal water heated and melted in this way does not absorb moisture in the air as well as the well-known room-temperature crystalline ammonium nitrate, and its deliquescent property is improved, and its solubility is improved by contact reaction between crystals.
It becomes difficult to dissolve, and the cooling time is extended accordingly.

In addition, even if the hydrated sodium sulfate crystals used as a solubilizer deliquese at high temperatures, they will exhibit a chilling effect upon contact as long as the cryogenic agent does not deliquesce, so they will not lose their cooling effect and will not lose their cooling effect. By making it possible to raise the deliquescence temperature by 10 to 30 degrees Celsius by using common salt hydrate, the water temperature does not rise with the air temperature like in known aqueous liquids, and self-crystalline water can be used. Because it deliquesces while performing a partial cooling effect on its own, even if the temperature is 30℃, the surface temperature of the crystal itself is 20~20℃.
The ability to maintain the temperature at 25°C while partially repeating deliquescence and crystallization is obtained by forming large blocks, so the thermal efficiency is doubled and the cooling time is more than doubled. When used in combination, partial dissolution is established when each salt and cryogenic agent come into contact with each other, and the dissolved solution further contacts the solid, increasing the dissolution rate depending on the solution. For example, when absorbing polyurethane is mixed, the dissolved solution is absorbed into the porous surface of the polyurethane, preventing the formation of an excessively dissolved solution and suppressing thermal convection and contact. The feature of controlling the liquefaction of the dissolved cryogen in advance can be obtained.

In addition, when molded cryogenic agents are immersed in melted parapine to form a film on the surface, it becomes more waterproof, suppresses solubility, extends the cooling time, and prevents the destruction of sealed sachets of water-containing crystals. , which prevents deliquescence, but when the waterproof coating becomes thick, the hydrated sodium sulfate crystal block that comes into contact with the cryogenic agent will not dissolve, so by bending the cryogenic agent, the coating will be broken by splitting the cryogenic agent and the solubility will be increased. A deep groove is made in the middle of the molded block of cryogenic agent other than water-containing crystals to make it easier to break.

The ice bag processed in this way can withstand an outside temperature of 100℃, exhibits a chilling effect, and can be left in any location without any safety issues, and can be used for fishing, keeping food cold, and for pharmaceuticals. It has many uses for cold preservation and rapid cooling of the human body, and there is no change in quality even after years of storage, making it an industrially useful invention.

The manner of carrying out the invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

In the figure, by adding ammonium nitrate, sodium chloride, urea, ammonium sulfate, and water, 18
A molten cryogen mixture containing 1 to 5% water is heated to 0°C and melted, poured into a mold, cooled and solidified, released from the mold, and poured into pre-melted solid parapine or stearic acid. This block (2) is soaked, pulled up, melted and solidified, and a film (1) of parapine etc. is formed on the surface of the cryogen block (2).
), a groove (3) is made in advance in the center to make it easier to break when bent. However, it is also possible to make the pellet into a pellet whose length is shortened in advance, as shown in Figure 3 (a). , also the third
As shown in Figure (B), a disk-shaped cryogen is also used, but the larger the block is formed, the slower the solubility becomes, so depending on the purpose, use a combination of both cryogen blocks (2). 10 to 19 hydrated crystals of sulfuric acid leader to dissolve (
5) is obtained by cooling a saturated sodium sulfate solution at a low temperature of 5 to 10°C and allowing it to stand for more than 3 hours to recrystallize it.
Dehydration and filtration are performed using a centrifugal separator, and the aqueous liquid is collected and used as a solution for redissolving sodium sulfate crystals.
0 to 19 hydrate salt crystals are made, this crystal is sealed in a vinyl chloride or polypropylene resin film pouch (4) such as waran, and a rupture zone (6) is created in the center of the pouch to serve as a bending rupture surface. The dissolving agent (B) is inserted into the cold bag (C) through the opening (10) of the cold bag (C) in FIG. On the left side is a film (1) of melted and solidified cryogen block (2)
Insert the cryogenic agent (A), and place the tear zone (6) in the center of the sachet of the dissolving agent (B) in the center and the cryogenic agent (A) groove (3).
Similarly, arrange the cold bag (C) so that it is in the center, and create enough space at both ends for bending and seal the opening (10) of the cold bag (C). protrusion hole (7) (7
') are bonded, a liquid crystal coating film (9) is bonded, a temperature display is performed, and a dew removal agent is applied to the surface of the cold bag. Figure 7 shows a longitudinal sectional view taken along line A-B of the cold bag (C) in Figure 6;
The figure shows the characteristics that indicate the cooling effect.

In this characteristic curve, (a) shows the cooling curve when 100 g of ammonium nitrate made of known fine crystals is mixed with 100 g of water; The curve of (b) shows the curve of polyurethane porous material (8) as a heat insulating material, 90 g of ammonium salt, and 5
100 g of block (5) of sodium sulfate 12-19 hydrate was mixed with a block obtained by heating and melting the mixture of 5 g and 5 g of water at 140° C. and solidifying it in a mold. C) shows one in which the polyurethane porous material (8) as a heat insulating material is not included.

As shown by this result, the mixture (a) of the needle-like crystals of the known cryogen and water has the shortest cooling time, and the melt-solidification cryogen (a) has the shortest cooling time.
A), a combination of a dissolving agent (B) and a heat insulating material (8) (d)
indicates the longest cooling time. Cooling calories (a
) increases from 40 calories to 80 to 100 calories. The heat resistance of the cryogenic agent (A), which is made by mixing 90 g of ammonium nitrate, 5 g of common salt, and 5 g of water, melting and solidifying the mixture in a mold, melts at 100°C, so a simple known ammonium nitrate crystal has a temperature of 40°C. Deliquesces at ℃. However, in the case of a material mixed with a heat insulating material, the sodium sulfate crystals do not dissolve even in the outside air at 70°C, and this porous polyurethane has an apparent specific gravity of 0.03.
Porous polyurethane is used, which expands twice by adsorption, and pulp fibers are also used.

Examples of formulations of this freezing agent are as follows: Example (
1) Combination of cryogenic agent (A) Ammonium nitrate 90g Salt 5g Water 5g Example (2) Ammonium nitrate 80g Urea or ammonium sulfate 10g Ammonium chloride or common salt 7g Water 3g Example (3) Ammonium nitrate 50g Saltpetre or nitrite 30g Salt 10g Water 5g Urea or mono Chloracetate 5g Example (4) Combination of solubilizer (B) Sodium sulfate decahydrate crystal 100g Example (5) Sodium sulfate decahydrate crystal 80g Salt 20g The cryogen and solubilizer were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1. The temperature decreases to 7℃, with a ratio of 1:2 it decreases to -5℃, and with a ratio of 1:3 it decreases to -3℃.
℃ to -2℃.

The room temperature at this time was 25°C.

In addition, to increase the heat resistance temperature of this cryogenic agent, a mixture of saltpeter and sodium nitrite 1:1 with 5 to 10% water will have a melting point of 170°C, and if saltpeter is increased, the melting point will be 180 to 300°C.
Since the temperature rises to ℃, the heat resistance temperature depends on the composition.
You can choose freely. In addition, the parapin film contains 5 parapins.
Heat it to 0-70℃ and immerse it in the solution to 0.1-70℃.
A coating that is 10 microns thick is colored by mixing acid dyes or pigments and is useful for rubber cold bags.
Instead of parapine, hydrogenated oil, stearic acid, iron citrate, or a synthetic resin film can be applied to the surface of the cryogenic agent.

Also, even without this coating, melted products do not absorb much moisture in the air, so they do not deliquesce, so they can be used as they are, but when the temperature rises and exceeds 35 degrees Celsius, coating processing becomes difficult.
It is safer and suitable for export, and may also be used in plastic sachets.

As described above, the features of this invention are that it exhibits a stable cooling effect for cold bags used for export and for keeping cold outdoors under sunlight in the summer, and that it heats and melts the cryogenic agent at a high temperature to enhance long-term storage. By mixing a small amount of water and other salts, we create rod-shaped or disc-shaped crystal blocks, or molded blocks melted into sugar cubes to prevent deliquescence and apply a waterproof coating to the surface. The insulating porous material adsorbs the liquid that rapidly forms when the solution and the cryogenic agent come into contact, slowing down the dissolution rate, preventing the dissipation of cooling energy that occurs when the solution dissolves too rapidly, and increasing the cooling retention time. For example, the use of a well-known ammonium nitrate microcrystal cryogenic agent is effective because it not only prolongs the vibration breakage but also cushions the pouch due to its cushioning properties.
The defect of deliquescence at 45℃ has been improved and the product has been processed so that it does not self-deliquesce even at temperatures of 100℃, so it can withstand long-term storage and is effective against overheating that occurs inside ships, especially when exported to the Middle East and tropical regions. In order to suppress complaints and improve quality, we have improved the cooling time of regular products from 15 to 30 minutes to 60%.
-120 minutes, suitable for keeping fishing containers cold, convenient as a portable cold bag, and useful for transporting food and medicine.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a front view of the molded cryogenic agent, Figure 2 is a side view cut along A-B, Figure 3 (a) is a diagonal side view of the molded cryogen cube, and Figure 3 (b) is a side view of the molded cryogenic agent. FIG. 4 is a front view of a sachet containing sodium sulfate crystals;
Figure 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along the line A-B, Figure 6 is a front view of the cold bag containing the cryogen and dissolving agent, and Figure 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along the line A-B. Body characteristics. Patent applicant Yuji Tanaka

Claims (1)

[Claims] As described in the following text, a heat-resistant cryogen block is made by adding a small amount of water to a cryogenic agent such as ammonium nitrate, common salt, saltpeter, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, etc., melting it by heating, and then casting and hardening it in a mold. Place the clothes in a plastic laminate bag, add a polyurethane heat insulator, and then add a sealed plastic bag containing hydrated crystals of sodium sulfate 10-19 hydrate solidified at 30°C or less. A heat-resistant, long-lasting cooling product that cools a sealed cold body by bending the cold body from the outside and mixing the crystals of sodium sulfate and cryogenic salt, etc. body.