JPS59179170A - Spray apparatus for agriculture and horiculture - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a spraying device, particularly for use in agriculture and horticulture, particularly in extremely small quantities (
The present invention relates to a spraying device for spraying koji (ULV).

In recent years, the use of ULV ringing has increased considerably. Conventional large-volume spray methods require the pesticide to be diluted with a large amount of water before use. This has several disadvantages, particularly that water is not readily available everywhere, and even when it is available, considerable effort is required to channel water through the crop. For example, if the ULV method is used to spray firewood of 0.5~-liter/hectare, enough pesticides to treat a large area can be easily carried by a person, but, for example, if 20θ When using the m method, a vehicle such as a tractor is required.

Not only are the tractors used an unnecessary waste of money and fossil fuel energy, but in some cases the use of tractors can even damage the crops. For example, considering the case of rice fields, it is completely impossible to drive a vehicle into the rice fields after rice is planted. Even walking through the crop with a hand-held spray device is difficult, especially during the first half of the growing season.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a VC system that eliminates the need for vehicles to enter the crop.
or in some cases particularly ULV that can treat the crop or other target area to be sprayed without having to enter the crop at all.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide agricultural and horticultural equipment suitable for spray rings.

According to the invention, a body with one or more spray heads, a spray container for supplying liquid to the spray heads, and at least one lift support the fan and the spray device against gravity 5. An agricultural and horticultural spraying device is provided having a motor for driving a fan to generate a lifting force sufficient to provide a lifting force, and a device for mounting the body on a flexure line extending between two supports.

This invention is suitable for use in electrostatically charged sprays. In such a case, the body is further equipped with a high voltage generator to charge the liquid.

The device is useful in many locations where walking through the crop is difficult or impossible. The device may also be effective in tall crops. %, this device is well suited for use in paddy fields.

Hereinafter, some embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, referring to FIG. 1, a mounting part designed to be used by two workers has a frame .theta. that supports an electric motor t. The shaft of the electric rear propeller extends upward, and a propeller 5 is attached to its upper end, and this propeller 5 is usually surrounded by a cylindrical safety cage 6. The frame 20 further supports a reservoir for containing the atomizing liquid-3.

The container g is connected via a liquid conduit and a liquid supply tap (not shown) to a pump 7 and thus to a spray header suspended in the frame. Spray spatula 1
．． A removable elastic plastic skirt lθ (shown in cross section) extending downward from the frame 2q is provided around the frame 2q. The frame ○ also supports the high voltage generator 25, so the voltage generator & 2S can generate approximately SKV as an output, and the frame ○ also supports the high voltage generator 25.
The cableway is equipped with four concave-rimmed guide wheels for receiving the P-line support cable 3 and a brake wheel for firmly fixing the device to the cable 3.

The electric motor, the pump, and the high voltage generator S are supplied with power from an electric cable 2 equipped with a ground wire. The power cable coil is wound around the support cable 3 in the shape of a coiled spring with a large elastic deflection, and when stretched to the maximum, it extends to approximately the same length as the support cable 3. Power is supplied to the power cable by a combined gasoline engine and generator supported on the back or side of the operator 30 or on a two-wheeled handcart (not shown).

In operation, the device is brought to the location to be sprayed, for example the edge of a rice field. The cableway 26 is adjusted to a suitable position on the support cable 3 and then fixed in that position by the brake 2g. Two workers 30.3/ position the support cable 3 taut between them on both sides of the rice field. The spare cable 3 is wound around a carrier, Arielde, carried on the back of the worker 31. Operator 30 opens the liquid supply tap and starts the engine/generator.
The spray device is thereby powered via the power cable L7. This causes the pump 7, the high voltage generator 5, and the electric bender to operate. The electric motor t rotates the propeller 5 via the shaft, and as its rotational speed increases, the lifting force sufficient to support the atomizing device and the cables 2, 3 leading to it is increased by a somewhat larger lifting force. generate force. Cable 3 is connected to workers 30, . 3/ to position the spray device and act to resist the torque of the rotating propeller S.

The worker 30, 3/ walks along the edge of the rice field at a speed appropriate to the speed at which the liquid is supplied from the nozzle by the pump 7. The high voltage generator Ko5 is connected to the spray head Koda.
is applied to generate fine electrically charged spray particles of fixed size. These particles are forced into the crop by downward draft from the plant. At the end of the rice field, the operator 3o reduces the speed of the engine and lowers the spray device to the ground. And Kidori-6 was released,
It is moved along the cable 3 towards the worker J/ and fixed again along the cable 3 in a position a crop width away.

The engine/generator/is restarted, the spraying operation is started, and the worker 30. , j/ returns to the starting point through the paddy field.

By repeating this process, it is possible to spray the entire area of the rice field.

Electrical motors suffer from low power-to-weight ratios, and generators are also heavy and cumbersome (although recent developments in batteries, such as thionyl chloride batteries, make it possible to power the engines in the device of this invention). (9) which makes it possible to use high-power batteries. Therefore, it is generally preferable to use a gasoline-driven motor.

A first embodiment of this invention is shown in FIG. This embodiment is generally the same as the device shown in the Figure. The difference is that a 3.3 HP 4tOcc two-stroke Katulin engine is used instead of the electric motor. This engine l/drives the sir 1.2/ and pro-flying S (diameter - m) as mentioned before, but since its throttle is a hand-held hot wire transmitter carried by the operator 3θ Controlled by machine 12. The atomizing liquid 3 is as before contained in the container g, via the supply pipe and a supply tap (not shown) which can be servo-actuated manually or by a control signal from the transmitter/λ. It is fed to the spray head 35 by gravity.

A high potential (25 KV) is applied to the spray head 35 from a generator 36 driven by the engine. The generator 36 is grounded via the supporting couple 3. The engine l/ also drives the deceleration forward/reverse gear box 3,
This gearbox moves wheels Jg, 39"tk in the overhead goo for cable 3. The total weight of the device is approximately 5k
Approximately /bkg including the barbed load of g.

In operation, the device is transported to a rice field as described above. Workers 30, 3/ stand one on each side of the rice field, start the engine //, open the supply tap, and open the gearbox 37.
engage in the forward direction. The thrust from the propeller S supports the equipment, and while driving the equipment across the paddy fields, the equipment moves the first width of the crop until it reaches worker 31 on the other side. . Operator 31 turns the gear box 3 over and both operators move forward one crop width at a time, so that the machine moves back towards operator 30 while moving the next crop width parallel to the first crop width. Spray. By repeating this process, the entire rice field can be sprayed.

The electrostatic spray header is described in British Patent No. 1569707-8.
r! It is of the type disclosed in Figures 7 and 5,
On the other hand, the spray head 3S is shown in FIGS. 1.2 to 14 of the above patent.
'It is of the type shown in the figure. The disclosure of British patent WIST, QRI 07 is incorporated herein by reference.

Obviously, numerous modifications to the structure and mode of operation of the device described above are possible and may, in some cases, be advantageous. The features of the two devices can be combined in various ways, for example with a plane, the electrically driven device of FIG. 1 may be equipped with the powered progressive and gear box of the device of FIG. It can be moved along the cable 3 by power. The device of FIG. 2 may also be equipped with a pump for supplying a pulsating liquid (this is preferred in the case of atomizing suspensions) or the container/g can be pressurized with gas. The speed at which the gear box 7 drives the cableway is made variable. It is often advantageous to provide a trailing shear wire from the cable, two-spanning cable 3, to form an electrical path to earth.

If electrical power is to be used only to drive high-voltage generating equipment (which in principle requires very little electrical power and can be operated with low-power batteries), grounding through one worker is required. Ample and safe passage to the area.

If the equipment is equipped with a powered cableway driven along the cable 3, the cable 3 should be installed at a suitable distance from each worker as a safety feature to prevent the spray equipment from overrunning and contacting the workers. An adjustable stop device can be placed in the. If necessary, gear box 37. The device may be provided with a device that automatically reverses the drive when the progressive slightly contacts the stop. In this way I! j
It is easy to attach the cable 3 without the need for operator intervention.
The train will automatically travel along the 111-Yu route. It is also possible to drive the device along the cable with fan thrust.

As an alternative to the illustrated powered cableway, a cable may be used, for example in the form of a flexible tape held between rubber drive wheels. If the device is fixed to a cable and moved between workers using the cable, the cable need not be continuous from one worker to the other, but can consist of two long sections connected to each side of the device. In such a construction, the equipment can be moved between operators by winching. For example, one worker may control a motor-driven winch that hoists the cable, and another worker may use a linear spring to feed the cable, or both workers may carry winches.

If necessary, the operator can connect the transmitter or power cable to
The spray device may be controlled slightly by other means. For example, providing one or more light control lines to set the throttle of the engine, open or close a fluid supply tap, set or release the brakes, or reverse the wheel drive. I can do it.

It is clear that the device can be operated in other ways. For example, if the absolute uniformity of the spray is not essential, then the device shown in Figure 1 allows the operator to move slowly and continuously through the paddy field, thereby improving the spray arrangement. A continuous slight forward movement will be added to the lateral movement of. In some applications (eg, large greenhouses), the operator is not required and the device is set to automatically travel along preset paths. It is not necessarily necessary to make full ground contact with the jetting diversion across the area to be sprayed.

If necessary, 1. - Emperor 1 used in the device shown in the figure! Other types of atomizing heads (such as non-electrostatic spinning disks or cones) can be used in place of the atomizing head.

Flight devices suitable for use in the present invention include those using a rotor and those using a ducted fan 1R. □For example, about /
Canadai typically designed for other purposes requiring air speeds of 00 Kph and climb altitudes of several thousand meters
There is a remote control device OL-2J7 sold by Commercial Vehicles.
It is preferable to use specially designed equipment which is extremely expensive and generally has low capacity. When designing such devices, torque issues must be considered. A device with a single splitting profile has a substantial angular moment. If the device rolls or pinches slightly, the return movement in the opposite direction to the roll or pitch vector will
Due to the gyroscope action, a couple perpendicular to the vector is created. Because of this, any instability in the machine can be corrected by pulling the cable, since pulling the cable in a direction that seems normal to the operator will tilt the mount at right angles to his desired direction. becomes difficult.

Therefore, in order to provide a machine that can be handled advantageously,
Eliminating yet controlling the gyroscope effect is highly desirable. This action can be carried out, for example, by two counter-rotating blows that perform lifting! :, P (as the OL-,2,27 machine is) or by providing counter-rotating shafts or sleeves to balance the angular moments of the protrusion.

By combining this with a means of adjusting the center of gravity position, this provides a more stable device. The device may also (alternatively or additionally) be provided with a control device for balancing the gyroscopic effects. Many passenger transport helicopters
One such control device used in the present invention is a periodic pitch control device. The pitch of helicopter blades is
They are changed on each rotation. (If a device with a rotor rotating counterclockwise when viewed from above pitches forward, the controller increases the pitch of the blades as they pass through a semicircle to the right of the roll axis; The pitch also decreases during the semicircular passage with the left elevation I of the roll axis. A change in pitch causes a corresponding change in the lifting force. These effects act on the forward pinch movement and on the loading. The purpose is to generate a gyroscope couple which acts to return V- to a stable state.

Such controls in passenger transport helicopters may be operated by a pilot, but in unmanned systems they are preferably automatic. An effective automatic system that can be used in this invention is shown in FIG.

Third. In the figure, the device according to the present invention has a device main body sl with a spray container and an engine inside, and the engine has a shaft sl equipped with two rotor blades lI9° SO (counterclockwise when viewed from above). ) to drive. These vanes can be rotated about their long axis for pitch control.

A loading control line g is provided so as to extend through and slide within the apparatus body si. A sensor boom 5da is attached parallel to this control line g, and this sensor boom 59 is provided with pitch sensors SSa and SSb at each end. At right angles to the sensor boom 5t, a spray boom 53 is mounted.This spray boom S3 carries an electrostatic nozzle 5 (supplied from a container via a conduit, not shown), and each Roll sensors 56a and 54b are provided at the ends. Pitch sensors Sea, Sob and D /l/
The SEF fSA a+ 56b is a downward-pointing ultrasonic distance measurement sensor of the type used in autofocus cameras. These sensors generate electrical signals, the strength of which is related to the distance from the ground, and are sensitive enough to detect differences of less than 10 seconds. Each pair of sensors (pitch sensor fssa, ssb and roll sensor S6&,5,6b
) is supplied to the microprocessor, which controls the pitch of the blades 5o via a relay.

The microprocessor compares each pair of signals and adjusts the pitch of the blades in each of the four rotating quadrants of the blade, Sθ. The pitch of the blade getter and SO is the roll sensor s6a, s6b in the quadrant 6/6 (the center line of which is located on the roll axis sq).
controlled by and correspondingly quadrants A3, AQ
(their center #j is located on the pitch axis 5g), the pitch sensor fssa,,! ;ftrl! by 5b! 1. r will be done. As the device pitches forward and the pitch sensor 5safrZ pitch center tssb approaches the ground, the microprocessor adjusts the blades 9. As the sOs pass through quadrant 6, they increase their pitch, and as they pass through quadrant 63, they decrease their pitch.

Similarly, roll movement to the right (roll sensor s b a
Harusen f! ; Ab j l:r Depending on the low level, the microprocessor will run a blade in the 6th quadrant;
The pitch of sO is increased and in quadrant 61 is decreased. At the same time, this device can be used to control the height. To do so, the microprocessor processes all four sef f3, S a 155b, jAa, sA
It is possible to average the signals from b. If the distance to the ground corresponding to the signal is too small, the microprocessor increases the average or collective pitch (and therefore the lift) through the cycle until the height is correct and the height is correspondingly too high. In some cases, the pitch of Jin can be reduced.

Ultrasonic path! Infrared or other distance measuring devices may be used for this purpose, as well as measuring devices.

The device can be operated, for example, with only three sensors placed at the vertices of an equim-square whose base is the pitch axis and whose m point is on the roll axis. The two roll sensors on the pitch arrival line operate exactly as described above, but the pitch return signal is obtained by comparing the signal from the single pitch sensor with the im value of the average value of the two roll sensors. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a partial sectional end view of a device according to the invention operating on a rice field; Figure 3 is a partial sectional end view of another device according to the invention operating on a rice field;
4 is a schematic perspective view of a substantially alternative apparatus according to the invention; FIG. 4I is a plan view of the apparatus of FIG. 3; In the figure, 3: Support cable, tick motor, s2''-;/'
Mouth, g: 'g device, -〇2 frames 1.2! : Jet Th head 2. ! 6: Thread path. 1 FIG, 3゜FIG, 4. Procedural amendment (method) April 13, 1980 Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office 1, Indication of the case 1982 Patent Application No. 52449 2, Name of the invention Agricultural and horticultural spraying device 3, Person making the amendment Relationship to the case Patent applicant name: Imperial Chemical Industries, LLC 4, agent details: Susumu

Claims (1)

[Claims] / A body with one or more spray heads;
a spray container that supplies a spray head to the spray head; at least one lifting fan and a motor that drives the fan to generate a lifting force sufficient to support the spraying device against gravity; An agricultural and horticultural spraying device comprising: a device for attaching a main body to a flexible line between two supports. 7. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a high voltage generator provided in the main body for imparting an electric charge to the droplets formed by the spray head. 3. The device that attaches the main body to the deflector bends the main body.
The device according to item 1 or 2 of the four sets of patents for moving along the fl) four sets. (t) A device for controlling the spray rate or loaf layer of the spray device can be located at one end of the deflection shaft.
Apparatus according to any one of clause 3. 4. Device according to claim 3, wherein the movement of the body along the left deflection is limited by one or two stop devices.