JPS59165737A - Strip foundation and its construction - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily construct a strip foundation in a short period by a method in which excavated bottom on which broken stones are laid and consolidated is covered with cement mortar and concrete blocks for strip footing are laid connectedly. CONSTITUTION:Broken stones 13 are laid on the ground 12 and consolidated, leveling concrete 16 is placed on the broken stones as needed, and cement mortar 14 is covered on them. Plural concrete blocks 2 for the strip foundation are set on the cement mortar layer 14, burying bolts 6 are inserted into the connecting recessions 5, and cement mortar is poured into the recessions 5.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to foundation construction.

A "foundation" is provided to anchor a building to the ground, but
In today's general architecture, there are only exceptionally independent foundations and candle foundations that can take the load of one column with one foundation, and most of them rely on continuous foundations called ``cloth foundations.'' .

This cloth foundation is safe not only from the vertical force of the upper load, but also from horizontal forces such as earthquakes and wind, and prevents members in contact with the foundation, such as the foundation and column bottoms, from rotting due to moisture from the ground. This is a part that requires such strength and structure. In addition, most of this part will be hidden after backfilling, so
Even if a defect exists or a new one occurs, it is extremely difficult to discover and repair it, so this is an area that requires particular care.

Therefore, while the so-called main construction of the house itself in construction has been significantly shortened in terms of time due to technological advances over the years, there were some parts that could not be shortened in the negative direction, or should not be shortened. .

However, the reason for delaying the construction of this foundation is not just due to the caution of the important parts; in fact,
It was raining, making formwork for the cloth foundation, curing concrete, etc. However, in today's simple construction, most of the construction period is spent on building and curing the foundation.

Therefore, we will explain the conventional steps for constructing a foundation.

The construction of the foundation will partially overlap with land works, and will begin with root cutting work to excavate the foundation. Next, after tamping the bottom of the cut using crushed stone, concrete was poured flat and densely.

Then, the formwork was installed, making full use of the water system and plumb bob to install a temporary frame of a specified width in the specified position, the top of the temporary frame was pressed and tightened by the edges, and the bottom of the temporary frame was once fixed with backfill soil. Afterwards, concrete is poured and allowed to cure for 2 to 3 days even when the weather conditions are favorable, and then a temporary frame panel for the rising section is attached to the inside of the temporary frame and more concrete is poured (after 3 to 5 days of curing, panel removal)゛.

Traditionally, a cloth foundation was constructed through the process described above,
Due to the nature of each work being carried out on-site,
It required skill and the benefit of the weather. for example,
Even when we consider the work of pouring concrete into the temporary frame panels at the rising part, since the fluid is heavy, the temporary frame panels receive force in the direction of moving away from each other. A supporting material called a ``stop block'' or ``retainer'' is required. In addition, water must be sprinkled to prevent moisture from the ready-mixed concrete from being absorbed into the formwork and footing surfaces, and there must be no soil, sawdust, etc. on the footings. This is because the strength of concrete decreases due to the lack of water required for it to harden, and when concrete is poured onto a surface with dirt or sawdust, problems occur in the adhesion between the footing and the concrete.

In addition, after pouring concrete, it is necessary to cure it with sheets, mats, old blankets, etc., depending on the climate and temperature conditions, so that the temperature of the concrete does not drop below 2 degrees Celsius. Article).

Furthermore, it is extremely difficult to remove the formwork. The strength of concrete increases in its initial stage, and depending on the initial handling conditions, the strength of concrete itself tends to decrease, so removal of formwork should be delayed as much as possible until it has sufficiently solidified. However, care must be taken to avoid vibration.

With the above steps, the cloth foundation is completed, and we will move on to the floor assembly work, where we will apply a layer of mortar to the top surface and install the foundation.

Therefore, the inventor of the present invention has conducted intensive research to find a way to save such troublesome preparations and long construction periods without compromising the strength of the cloth foundation itself, and has finally found an ideal cloth foundation and its construction method. It is something.

Its main feature is the use of "fabric foundation blocks" that are pre-formed in factories, etc., and are used for everything from conventional construction work to installation and removal of formwork, curing of concrete, and temperature maintenance during that time. This makes it possible to omit the time required for etc.

The present invention will be described in detail below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one of the 11 embodiments of the fabric foundation of the present invention. However, in reality, it is backfilled after construction, and some parts will be underground when the building is completed.

The shape of the cloth foundation (1) varies widely depending on each individual building, so this drawing shows a schematically simple rectangular one, but the overall shape of this drawing naturally limits the present invention. It's not a thing.

A cloth foundation (1) is constructed by installing a large number of cloth foundation blocks (2) in series, and although there are restrictions on the cross-sectional shape of the cloth foundation blocks (2) by standards, the length may be determined by hand. If it is to be installed by a tow truck, it may be shortened to some extent, or if it is to be installed by a machine, it may be made to be long.In this figure, a hook part (11) is provided for the installation by a tow truck. However, even if it is made by machine, if it is of a clamping type, such a hook part (11) is not necessary, and if it is made by hand, it is sufficient to provide a hole for passing the carrying rod, for example.

These hooks, holes, etc. can be later covered with mortar or the like.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a cloth foundation block (2), that is, one of the 11 structural units of the cloth foundation of the present invention.As is clear from the figure, the cloth foundation block (2) is placed on the ground. It has a structure in which it becomes a part of the cloth foundation (1) by itself, and has holes (31) for anchor bolts.

This hole (31) has a female thread and is used to screw the anchor bolt (3) into the hole (31). Conventionally, this mechanism involved reinforcing bars with a female thread cut at the tip and bent at the other end, which were embedded in the concrete before curing, but the exposed length of the reinforcing bars was kept constant. It was difficult to make the bridges, and in many cases they were too short and the foundation had to be cut down, or too long and the reinforcing bars had to be cut. If the product is of the present invention, it will not be damaged during transportation.
It does not have the drawbacks of the conventional method. Therefore, all that is required is to apply mortar evenly for fixation and surface conditioning after the conventional crackling process, and then lay the pieces out. Furthermore, the top surface is sufficiently and uniformly formed, so there is no need for base coating or makeup coating. However, in order to connect the fabric foundation block (2) to the adjacent fabric foundation block (2), in the case of the one shown in the figure, it is necessary to apply mortar into the gap.

Fig. 3 shows an example of a method for connecting the consecutively installed cloth foundation blocks (2) and (2). Adjacent connected four parts (
Place the embedded bolts (6) across 5) and pour mortar over them.

FIG. 4 shows another example of the connection method, in which a concave portion (7) and a convex portion (8) are provided on both side connecting surfaces, respectively, and these are successively assembled and connected. However, the shape of the unevenness is not limited to the present invention, and it is of course possible to use a shape that incorporates a plurality of protrusions and depressions such as a staggered joint, a seated hook joint, and other shapes, as shown in FIG. 3. Connections may be made using a combination of embedded bolts (6) and built-in connections. The ground foundation block (23
Another method is to embed reinforcing bars horizontally to connect them inside so that some of them are exposed on the connecting surface, then arrange the cloth foundation blocks (2) with gaps between them, and then apply mortar into the gaps. .

Figure 5 is a perspective view of another example of the cloth foundation block (2);
The same figure (BL shows the one used in the corner of the cloth foundation, and the same figure (C+ shows the one with a T-shape).

Among these, the underfloor ventilation opening (9) conventionally required a separate formwork, and after removing the formwork, it was troublesome to apply new mortar and prepare the surface. In this case, these are all omitted. In addition, the bottom recess (15) seen on the bottom of the cloth foundation block (2) is
) and the mortar Pi (14) (shown in Figure 6) to ensure a solid connection.

In addition to this, cross-shaped ones are also possible, but by combining several types of these types of cloth foundation pro 7ri (2),
It is a city that can build any type of building.

FIG. 6 shows an example of the present invention with a foundation installed, and the underfloor ventilation opening (9) and the tips of the anchor bolts (3) can be seen. The structure of the cloth foundation (1) is based on the ground F' (
Consists of 12), split stone layer (13), mortar N (14), and cloth foundation block (2). In addition, in order to make the connecting portion between the cloth foundation blocks (2) stronger, a concrete portion (16) may be provided below the connecting portion.

However, these bottom recesses (15) and concrete parts (IG
) are both for strengthening the connection and are not essential to the present invention (and therefore do not limit the present invention).

As explained in detail above, the cloth foundation and its construction method of the present invention do not require a cloth foundation formwork on site.
In addition, construction can be carried out regardless of the weather, and it is characterized by the use of cloth foundation blocks that do not need to be left unattended for concrete curing. Unlike the conventional method, which requires skill in construction, in short, blocks can be linked together. It is extremely useful as it can be completed just by setting it up.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing one example of the fabric foundation block of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the fabric foundation block used in the invention, and Figs. 3 and 4 are both A perspective view of the cloth foundation block showing the connection method, Fig. 5(a) and (bl)
・(C) is a perspective view of another example of the cloth foundation block, and FIG. 6 is a front view of one of the embodiments of the present invention. 1... Cloth foundation 2... Cloth foundation block 3... Anchor bolt 31... Anchor bolt hole 5... Connection recess 6. ...Embedded bolt 7...Four parts 8...Protrusion 9...Underfloor ventilation port 1■...Hook part 12... ...Ground layer 13...Cracked stone layer 14...Mortar layer 15...Bottom recess 16...Concrete-+-i patent applicant Fukuma Hidetake

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. After pouring sacrificial concrete as necessary into the root cutting bottom where the cracked stones have been spread and hardened, and then covering the bottom surface with mortar for surface conditioning, a pre-formed concrete A method of constructing a cloth foundation characterized by laying cloth foundation blocks in succession. 2. The continuous installation of the cloth foundation blocks is accomplished by placing embedded bolts in the connection recesses provided on both connection portion sides of the cloth foundation block main body, and then filling them with mortar. The method for constructing a cloth foundation as described in Section 1. 3. The method of constructing a cloth foundation according to claim 1, wherein the continuous installation of the cloth foundation is carried out by incorporating irregularities on the connecting surface. 4. The scope of the claim is that the continuous installation of the cloth foundation blocks is carried out by laying the cloth foundation blocks with reinforcing bars exposed on each connection surface with gaps between them, and pouring mortar into the gaps. The method for constructing a cloth foundation as described in paragraph 1. 5. This is a method that is laid after pouring waste concrete as necessary on the root cutting base that has been paved and hardened with split stones, and then covering the bottom surface with mortar for surface conditioning, and multiple concrete split foundation blocks. 1. A cloth foundation having as a constituent unit, the cloth foundation block being preformed and having connecting means provided on its connecting surface. 6. The fabric foundation according to claim 5, wherein the connection means of the fabric foundation block is a connection recess provided on both connection portion sides of the fabric foundation block body and an embedded bolt embedded in the connection recess. 7. The cloth foundation according to claim 5, wherein the connecting means of the cloth foundation blocks is built-in unevenness provided on the connecting surface. 8. The cloth foundation according to claim 5, wherein the connecting means of the cloth foundation block is a portion exposed on the connection surface of the horizontally buried reinforcing bars connected within the cloth foundation block.