JPS59164886A - Heat exchanger of shell and tube type - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the heat exchanging performance by providing annular partition members which are close to the lower end of an inlet nozzle and the lower part of an upper inlet opening, and are movable relative to a fixed shell and an inner barrel. CONSTITUTION:Annular partition members 14, 15 are provided which are close to the lower end of an inlet nozzle 1b and the lower end of an upper inlet 2a of a shell and tube type heat exchanger, and are movable relative to a fixed shell 1 and an inner barrel 2. The heat exchanger has a funnel like partition which encloses a lower plate 2d and a lower outlet 2b of the inner barrel 2 from outside, and sealing members 17, 18 which are interposed between the open end of the partition member 16 and the outlet nozzle. The thermo-siphon flow inside an annular space 3 is prevented by the sealing members 17, 18 and the annular partition members 14, 15, resulting in an improvement of the heat exchanging performance.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to improvements in shell-and-tube heat exchangers.

To explain a conventional shell-and-tube heat exchanger with reference to Fig. 1.2, (1) in Fig. 1 is an upper flange (1a).
), (1b) (IC
) are the heating fluid inlet and outlet nozzles provided at the top and bottom of the side wall of the rigid shell (1), (2) is the inner shell, (4) is the upper tube sheet, (5) is the lower tube sheet, (9) is a heat exchanger tube, these (2) (4) (5!
1α) It is placed on a shelf. Also, (6) is the upper tube plate (4
) is formed above the heated fluid outlet blennium, (7
) is an inverted blenheim for the heated fluid passed below the lower plate (5), (8) is the upper tube plate (A) and the lower tube plate (A).
5), the lower end portion is fixed to the lower tube plate (5), the heated fluid inlet pipe is fixed to the lower tube plate (5), 0α is the heated fluid outlet pipe, (2
a) is a plurality of heated fluid inlets provided near the heated fluid nozzle (1b) of the vertical shell (1), (2b) is a lower tube plate (5); ) near (11!i!(2+) is the outlet for the heated fluid provided on the side wall, (1C) is the outlet nozzle for the heated fluid provided on the bottom of the fixed shell (1), (marked is Rose, (121
(I3) is the inner surface of the fixed shell (1) and the inner surface 111i'! (
2) The annular layer is fixed so as to face the outer surface of
) → Inlet (2α) → Inside the inner shell (2) → Outlet (2k) Directly; and pass through to the outlet nozzle (IC).On the other hand, the heated fluid is passed through the inlet pipe (8) as shown by the dotted arrow. → Inverted Blenheim (7
) - Inside the heat exchanger tube (9) -> Exit Loserena 1 - Pass through the outlet pipe (1 (1H) via 61 to perform heat exchange.

In the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, parts other than the hard neck shell (1) are pulled out from the front shell (12).Therefore, the hard M shell (1) and the inner shell ( 2) and the annular layer θ2i (13) is separated.

This gives rise to the problems that will be briefly described.

(I) A part of the heated fluid that enters the fixed shell (1) from the inlet nozzle (1b) does not pass through the inner shell (2) and flows between The outlet nozzle (IC)
flow as a bypass flow to the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, reducing the heat exchange performance of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Therefore, the annular member 02
) 031, but since there is a difference in thermal deformation in the axial direction between the internal structure and the orientation shell (1), a fastening-type sealing mechanism is not required. , K is for a piston-ring type seal mechanism.

The diameter is too large and hard, and thermal deformation caused by high-temperature fluid can cause serious damage. For this reason, we had no choice but to
．． A seal ring system such as shown in Fig. 2 is used, but as mentioned above, this system does not have very good sealing performance. Note that the seal mechanism needs to be machined relatively precisely, so it should be placed close to the inlet nozzle (1b). 1") and the outlet nozzle (IC).

(I) The illuminated shell (1) has a relatively similar temperature, and the inner shell (2)
are relatively high-pitched, so the two-path flow in the annular space (3) formed in the curvature of (11 (2+) produces one flow of upward and downward force along each wall surface. Based on this convection, The circulating flow is called a thermosiphon.This convection effect is strong, so it makes the temperature distribution uneven in the axial direction and inner circumferential direction of the inner shell (2) and generates unnecessary thermal stress in the inner shell (2). In addition, in the flash exchanger shown in Fig. 1.2, the heated fluid flows from the inlet nozzle (1b) through the inlet (2α) to
When entering M'(2), a uniform flow is generated from the entire inner circumferential direction.
・So that it enters the inner body (2), inner 111t=l (2
) are provided at the upper part of the inner shell (2a), but when the thermosiphon occurs, the flow disturbs the mainstream flow of the heating fluid (7), and the temperature distribution inside the inner shell (2) changes. It becomes uneven, and it is preferable.

011) When the temperature of the heated fluid at the reactor outlet suddenly changes.

A thermal transient state also occurs in the heat exchanger. That is, when the temperature of the heated fluid suddenly drops (referred to as cold shock), the fluid that enters the fixed shell (1) from the inlet nozzle (1h) enters the annular space (3) due to the density difference. . Therefore, in the annular space (3), unsteady convection of high and low vortex fluid occurs, and parts of the annular space (3) may be subject to thermal shock or repeated thermal stress. Furthermore, the low-humidity fluid fills the angular velocity reservoir in the annular space (3) above the sealing mechanism and the sealing mechanism, creating a temperature difference between the upper and lower portions of the inner shell (2), and thermal stress is generated at the boundary. Conversely, when the heated fluid suddenly rises (referred to as hot shock), the Takagata flow from the lower outlet (2b) of the internal tube toward the outlet nozzle (IC) is caused by buoyancy. Since it enters the annular space below the sealing mechanism (31).

In this part, a phenomenon similar to the above-mentioned cold shock occurs.

0) The heated fluid contains fine metal particles, radioactive elements, etc. emitted within the nuclear reactor, and these are transported into the -order system and deposited at various locations. Even within the heat exchanger, it tends to accumulate on upward concave parts and horizontal (upwards) surfaces where 71-diagnosis stagnates, and for this reason, when the plant is stopped for inspection and maintenance, it is necessary to check the radiation classification rate near the equipment. may be so high that one worker cannot approach it.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, since the annular space (3) above the sealing mechanism is a large stagnation area, the above-mentioned accumulation is likely to occur in this area.

The present invention addresses the above-mentioned problems, and consists of a fixed shell, which is supported depending through an upper flange and is provided with an inlet nozzle for heating fluid at the top of the side wall and an outlet nozzle for heating fluid at the bottom, respectively; There is an inner shell which is suspended and supported concentrically to form an annular space between it and the shell of the device, and an outlet blennium for the upper heated fluid provided above and below the inner shell, respectively. An upper tube sheet and a lower tube sheet forming an inverted plenum below, an inlet pipe for heated fluid that passes through each tube sheet and the outlet plenum and opens into the inverted plenum, and an inlet pipe for heated fluid surrounding the heated fluid inlet pipe in the vertical direction. a plurality of heat exchanger tubes extending into the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet and having both ends fixed to the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet, respectively, and opening into both blenheims, formed in the llj section of the inner shell in proximity to the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet, respectively; a plurality of upper inlets and lower outlet ports, a relatively movable annular partition member provided between the L of the inlet nozzle and the inner shell, a lower end plate of the inner shell and the lower outlet surrounding the outer shell; A shell and tube comprising a funnel-shaped partition member whose open end extends into the outlet nozzle, and a seal member interposed between the open end of the funnel-shaped partition member and the outlet nozzle. The object of the present invention is to provide an improved shell-and-tube heat exchanger that can eliminate the above-mentioned problems of the conventional heat exchanger.

Next, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present invention was used as the third.
To explain using the example shown in Figure 4.5, (1) is the arrangement shell, (112) is the upper door and flange that hangs and supports the shell (1), and (1h) is the device shell (
1) Inlet nozzle for heated fluid provided on the upper side wall of (IC
) is provided at the bottom of the device shell (1), and the heated fluid outlet nozzle (2) is suspended and supported almost concentrically within the device shell (1), creating an annular space between it and the device shell (I). (3
), an upper tube plate (4) is provided inside and above the inner shell (2) and forms an outlet blemish (6) thereabove, and (5) is an upper tube plate of the inner shell (2). a lower tube plate provided internally and below forming an inverted plenum (7);
8) is the above-mentioned valley tube plate f4) (5! and exit blennium (6)
An inlet pipe (9) for the initial heated fluid opens into the inverted plenum (7) by opening the inverting plenum (7), and extends vertically surrounding the inlet pipe (8), with both ends connected to the upper tube plate (4) and the lower tube plate (4), respectively.
A plurality of heat exchanger tubes fixed to the solenum (61 (71)

(2α) is a plurality of upper inlet ports for heating fluid provided on the side of the inner shell (2) near the upper tube plate (4), and (2h) is the inner shell (near the lower tube plate (5)). 2111111 section, 00 is the outlet pipe for heated fluid, C11) is Rose-(+4) (15) is the lower end of the inlet nozzle (1b) and the upper inlet (2a) ) a relatively movable annular partition member provided between the alignment shell (1) and the inner shell (2) near the lower end of the inner shell (2);
) of the lower end plate (2d) (note that (2C) is the upper cast plate of the inner shell (2)) and the lower outlet (2h) are surrounded from the outside, and the open end is the outlet nozzle (IC) of the alignment shell (1). ), the funnel-shaped sealing members 07) and 08) are connected to the opening end of the funnel-shaped partition member N (16+) and the outlet nozzle (IC) and σ
) is a sealing member fitted between the annular partition member (1).
4) Q■ and the seal member α7) (18!) face each other with a small gap in between.

Next, the effects of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger will be explained. The heating fluid enters the shell (1) from the annular partition member (14) (+5) through the inlet nozzle (1h).

Furthermore, there is a path (main flow path) flowing into the inner shell (2) from the inlet (2a) of the inner shell (2), an alignment shell (1) and the inner shell (1).
11ii1 (to roughly block the annular space (3) between 21. By kneading.

(1) Even if a thermosiphon flow occurs in the annular space (3), the flow has almost no effect on the fluid in the main channel, so the heated fluid will not flow inside the inner shell (2). (1) The temperature of the heated fluid suddenly becomes low and the heated fluid flows in with a uniform flow distribution.

During silent # (cold shock), the low temperature flow only flows into the annular space (3) in a small amount through the gap of this annular partition member (+4i (151), and has almost no effect on the inside of the annular space (3). Therefore, no jD large thermal stress occurs in this part.

(＋＋＋＞ It is possible to almost prevent the invasion of eclipse products etc. from the main flow path into the annular space (3). Furthermore, the annular partition member (1)
4) (15) The accumulation of g-eating parabolites on itself is difficult to occur because it is in the shape of υ' in the pool of 9 particles.

(1v) It also has a certain degree of sealing performance even if it is against the flow of the 2nd pass.

The above is about the annular partition member (4:1 (15)) provided in the upper part, but the seal member (171 (171 (15)) provided in the lower part (F) is
8) is as follows.

(1) Seal part provided at the bottom (+7+(J l'
(L is smaller compared to the furnace 1 in Figure 1, so 2
The wrinkle-shaped gap between the seal rings (d) is also small. Therefore, the bypass flow fat is also reduced in approximately proportion to the seal ring diameter, which has an effect on improving heat exchange performance.The fifth horn heat flow main output nozzle (1c)
Sound] Seal on 4]! ! No matter what structure is used, the provision of the opening j1' is always a relatively precise method (e.g. piston ring method,
It has the advantage that it can be made into a sealing material using a bellows method (such as a bellows method).

(11) The main flow path and annular space (3
) is separated from the binose flow path by a funnel-shaped partition member (l[il).

When the heated fluid suddenly becomes high temperature and flows into the vessel during operation (hot shock), in a structure without isolation as shown in Figure 1, when the high temperature fluid flows out from the outlet (2z), In addition, since the fluid in the annular space (3) is still at a low temperature, the high-temperature fluid rapidly rises through the annular space (3), causing unstable convection. Therefore, thermal shock or repeated thermal stress occurs in various parts of the orienting shell (1) within the annular space (3), which is unfavorable in terms of strength. However, in this heat exchanger, since the above-mentioned isolation is performed, the above-mentioned phenomenon does not occur (and the integrity of the equipment can be ensured. Note that sealing member α7)
(It may be provided in part (α) of 1-cho-cho Figure 6.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to such embodiments (and that various design changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention). be.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a conventional shell-and-tube heat exchanger, Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the arrow ■ in Figure 1, and Sasaro is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to the present invention. A vertical side view showing one embodiment of the exchanger, FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the arrow ■ section in FIG. 3, and FIG. oi--device shell, (1α)-m-upper flange,
(1j5)-'--Heating fluid nozzle, <1c>-
-1 Heating fluid outlet nozzle, (21-1 Inner shell, (2α)
-----Upper inlet, (2") ---One lower outlet,
(2d) - 11 lower end plate, (3) - 1 tsubo-shaped space,
(4)--One upper tube sheet, (51--One lower tube sheet, (6)
--One out loplenum, (7) --One inversion B1/num,
(81--1 heated outflow introduction pipe, (91-m-heat exchanger tube,
Q4j (15) ---m-shaped partition member. (+61--inner funnel-shaped partition member, (17) (+81
---Seal layer. Author's agent: 2 patent attorneys and non-Kaihon important cultural documents

Claims (1)

[Claims] An arrangement shell that is suspended and supported via an upper 7 flange and has an inlet nozzle for heating fluid at the top of the side wall and an outlet nozzle for heating fluid at the bottom; An inner shell forming an annular space between the inner shell and the inner shell; an upper tube plate and a lower tube plate provided at the upper and lower parts of the inner shell, respectively, and forming an inverted blennium with the outlet blemish of the upper cedar heating fluid turned downward; tube sheet,
An inlet pipe for heated fluid penetrates through each tube sheet and the outlet blennium and opens into the inverted solenum, and extends vertically surrounding the heated fluid inlet pipe, and has both ends connected to the upper tube sheet and the lower f'It tube sheet, respectively. a fixed heat exchanger tube having an order of 15j'j openings in both sliding numerals; an upper inlet and a lower outlet of a number formed on the side of the inner body in proximity to the upper placing plate and the lower tube plate, respectively; A relatively movable annular partition member provided between the alignment shell and the inner shell near the lower end of the inlet nozzle and the lower end of the upper inlet; a funnel-shaped partition member extending into the outlet nozzle; and a seal portion interposed between the opening I>Qj and l'iI of the funnel-shaped partition member and the outlet nozzle and σ); A shell-and-tube type heat exchanger that is characterized by high control and greater flexibility.