JPS59161271A - Grinding or ground body - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a grinding or abrasive body, which is a so-called "stone" (a rigid, usually somewhat brittle material, attached to a workpiece for performing a metal removal movement). (abrasive material), grinding wheel, whetstone, or cutting wheel.Such abrasive bodies are usually hardened in a high-temperature furnace over a considerable period of time, and are extremely hard and highly abrasive. Generally known grinding wheels contain particulate abrasives, glass granules or glass powder, and optionally additionally powdered inert fillers or extenders. After all of these are mixed, they are melted in a furnace at a high temperature (usually around 2500°C) over a considerable period of time (for example, 3 to 4 days).This is generally called a vitrified structure. .

Other types of grinding wheels, as well as common grinding and polishing wheels or wheels, contain particulate abrasives and dry synthetic resins and, in some cases, powdered inert fillers or extenders; After all of these are mixed, they are heated under pressure in a heating device or furnace at about 350° C. for 3 to 4 hours. This is called a resinoid bonded structure.

Known cutting wheels contain abrasive particles, dry elastic synthetic resin in particulate form and, if necessary, additionally inert filler in powder form, which, after mixing everything together, is applied to the backing material. It is crimped to impart strength, and then hardened by heating and pressing in the same manner as described above for known resinoid-bonded grindstones, wheels, and grindstones or grindstone bars.

All of the above known types of grinding or abrasive bodies are relatively brittle and therefore often break during use. Not only is this a cost disadvantage, but it is also extremely dangerous, as fragile parts remote from such known abrasive bodies can fly off the power-driven abrasive equipment at a velocity sufficiently high to cause injury. be.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a grinding or polishing body having improved properties such as reduced breakage rates during various types of grinding or polishing and related operations. .

According to the invention, a grinding or abrasive body consists of a substrate consisting of a hardened or molten binder and abrasive particles and reinforcements held in place and interspersed in the hardened or molten substrate. a grinding or abrasive body, the abrasive particles being of a material that is substantially harder than the workpiece being ground or abrasive, and the reinforcement being a material that is different in structure and changes the structural parameters; It works with the binder to form a bonding material with altered structural properties that supports the abrasive particles and provides increased tensile strength and reduced brittleness and breakability in the resulting abrasive or abrasive body.

Alternatively, according to the invention, the grinding or polishing body comprises a highly adhesive bonding substrate having high adhesion to the abrasive particles;
A grinding or abrasive body comprising a large quantity of hard abrasive particles that are substantially harder than the surface of the workpiece to be polished, the abrasive particles being interspersed in the substrate by hardening or melting at appropriate locations. grinding or polishing, wherein at least one surface having a desired external shape and surface profile has a plurality of abrasive particles distributed along the surface that contacts the workpiece for external grinding or polishing. It is held firmly in a scattering relationship that defines the abrasive material:
The substrates are structurally different, reinforcing, and contain a large amount of materials with varying structural parameters.

interspersed in the substrate by curing or melting at appropriate locations, the reinforcement material acts effectively with the substrate,
It supports the abrasive particles and forms a two-phase bonded material with altered structural properties that provides increased overall tensile strength and decreased overall brittleness and breakability in the resulting abrasive or abrasive body.

The reinforcement, in one form, is in the form of a number of longitudinally effective pile tension members, which work together with the substrate to provide the combined tensile and bending properties of the two-phase bonded material that retains the abrasive particles. and reduce breakability and effective brittleness.

Alternatively, the reinforcement may have lengths (usually about the same length, shorter lengths, and shorter lengths of glass fibers (although other equivalent fibers, such as high-strength filamentary carbon fibers, may also be used). The glass fibers may be ground or polished and cured together with abrasive particles in place by first mixing them into an adhesive bonding substrate and then curing the whole. You get a body.

The substrate may alternatively be an initially unsolidified material which can then be solidified or hardened. A synthetic resin material, such as an epoxy resin, which has adhesion to and forms a firm, substantially chip-free, non-breakable hard bond with the abrasive particles and reinforcing material. .

Alternatively, the reinforcement may be a strand of material having high tensile strength (and preferably high temperature resistance). For example, it may be thin strands of metal scattered over substantially the entire substrate. This reinforcing material can be used when the base material is of the type described above and forms a so-called resinoid bond. This reinforcing material can also be used when the substrate is of the glass type, which is initially in the form of particles and then becomes molten glass material in the form of particulate glass or glass powder. This glassy type melts upon heating at a high enough temperature for an extended period of time to create a complete glass bond that encapsulates the abrasive particles and a high temperature resistant reinforcement such as the thin metal strands mentioned above. . The reinforcing material may also be strands of tungsten or other metallic materials with a higher melting point than normally required (e.g. 19 to 2500'O or higher), such as to melt the glass particles together. good.

The reinforcement may be a number of reinforcing materials, each of which is laterally longer than the fibers or strands described above. It is therefore appropriate to call it an engagement material or an engagement material, which has an effect similar to the reinforcing rods sometimes used in concrete. However, a preferred embodiment is a corrugated, grooved, or crimped metallic reinforcement or engagement material interspersed within the substrate.

As the resinoid bonded structure, a high-strength fiber other than glass fiber, for example, a fibrous crystalline material such as carbon or boron is used. These have been developed using advanced technology methods in recent years, resulting in different tensile strength properties than traditional carbon and boron forms, allowing the material to be processed and processed into filaments. It is thought that this is obtained as a result of the method in which the

Generally, the grinding or abrasive body of the present invention comprises a large amount of hard abrasive material that is harder than the surface of the workpiece, and the abrasive material is in the form of a large number of particles, depending on the purpose of the grinding or abrasive body. Its size varies from very small to very large. Particle size can be defined in various ways based on average particle size, weight, screen-type classification operation, etc., but is often referred to as a "grid" in the market. Such abrasive particles can take a variety of shapes, examples include silicon carbide or aluminum oxide. The abrasive particles are preferably interspersed in a cohesive bonding substrate material that has a high adhesion to the abrasive particles. This base material is generally initially in the form of a powder, semi-liquid, or liquid base material to allow mixing of the abrasive particles, and a subsequent solidification operation solidifies the base material along with the interspersed abrasive particles. The abrasive particles are trapped in the substrate and at the appropriate locations on its exposed surface. Accordingly, the initial forming operation causes some or all of the abrasive particles to constitute an abrasive, abrasive or abrasive surface to form the desired profile and/or surface contour. In one embodiment, when the bonding of the abrasive particles interspersed in the substrate is of the resinoid type, the substrate takes the form of a synthetic resin with suitable properties. The resin may be initially dry or powdered, semi-liquid or liquid, and is preferably a two-component or three-component epoxy resin in some form, with at least one component acting as a catalyst in the resin. It is made of epoxy resin that has the function of increasing the formation and curing operations.

In another form, the base material may be a glass material that forms a force-welded bond throughout the polishing body, and powdered glass or the like may be used instead of a synthetic resin material. .

In addition, a large amount of reinforcing material is provided in the base material, which is scattered in the base material and hardened or melted at appropriate positions, and has a different structure (different from the base material material) and changes the structural variables. too,
This is another aspect of the invention.

This reinforcing material interacts with the base material to form a two-phase bonding material that retains the abrasive particles and has modified structural properties (i.e., reinforcing As a result, the composite for grinding or polishing has an increased total tensile strength and bending properties without causing failure. [Resulting in an increase in f capacity and thus an overall reduction in brittleness and fragility.

The invention will now be explained by way of example and with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a to-scale drawing of an embodiment of the invention in the form of a grinding and polishing "stone" or "bar", usually on a part or one side of which is fixed a known support structure ( (not shown)
and the other part or surface is held against the workpiece to be polished.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a small portion inside the double-headed arrow 2 in FIG. FIG. 2 shows a resin-bonded abrasive body (hereinafter also referred to as abrasive body) containing abrasive particles, the bonding or bonding base material being a synthetic resin reinforced with glass fibers. Therefore, this abrasive body is less likely to be damaged than known abrasive grindstones.

FIG. 3 is a reduced view of a second embodiment of the invention having the shape of a grinding wheel.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a variation of the embodiment of FIG. High strength metal fibers, such as other metals, with structural and melting point properties.

Fifth. The figure is almost similar to Figures 2 and 4, but
This is another variant. The binder and the abrasive particles are each substantially the same, but the reinforcing material is a filament-like material with high strength per weight, and for example, as a result of special processing of the material, its molecular arrangement clearly becomes pseudocrystalline. Carbon or boron which has been found to have been deformed to significantly increase its strength. This material will be referred to as an enhanced filament material or a processed filament material.

FIG. 6 is a schematic partial view showing an enlarged cross-sectional portion of a material capable of carrying out the deformation of the abrasive body of the present invention. . The schematically illustrated mold is shown before the powdered glass substrate material is melted by pressure and heating. The substance before melting is about to produce a glass bonded abrasive body, and in reality the mold is of the size y in the cross-sectional view of Figure 6.
It's even bigger than that.

FIG. 7 is a diagram similar to FIG. 6, but shows the state after the powdered base material has been melted to become a molten glass base material, and this molten glass base material is finally It is a glassy abrasive body and has reinforcements that have been modified due to the high temperatures required to melt the powdered glass into the solid molten glass structure shown. As for the high humidity resistance state 9 of the reinforcing material, multiple layers of tungsten I.
Lip or equivalent reinforcing fibers may be mentioned, although other high temperature resistant bamboo materials may also be used.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view substantially similar to FIG. 2;
This is the crow-bonded type shown in FIG. However, the reinforcement may consist of corrugated, grooved, or curly metallic reinforcing materials or fasteners interspersed within the base material and may be exposed to the high temperatures required to melt the glass base material. The difference is that it is a material that is resistant to high humidity. This figure can also be seen as representative of a similar variation to Figure 2, where a synthetic resin is used as the bonding substrate material and, therefore, the curing temperature required for such a resinoid type bond is lower. Because of this, other metals or materials can be used for reinforcing or engaging materials.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, the polishing body (grinding body) 10 is
It is a solid rectangular whetstone or whetstone body. FIG. 2 shows the shape of an adhesive bonding base material 12 which is an epoxy type resin that has already been cured, a particulate abrasive material 14 which is made of a large number of particles such as silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, etc., and a number of glass fibers of the same length. The reinforcing material 16 is shown. The three components 12, 14 and 16 are first thoroughly mixed together and then the epoxy base material 12 is cured.

Curing is carried out, for example, by heating the mixture in an oven or heating device to about 400° C. and maintaining this temperature for about 4 hours. This produces a relatively hard composite grinding and polishing material 18 of FIG. 2, which has the general shape of the abrasive body 10 of FIG. It has a surface 20 (FIG. 1).

By mixing about 10-15% of a 3 mm length of glass fiber with about 10-15% of the base material 12, the remainder of the mixture (70-80%) being the abrasive particles 14.
The resulting hardened abrasive body 10 not only has properties such as hardness and wear resistance that are extremely superior to known grindstones or abrasive bodies, but also the abrasive body 10 of the present invention exhibits significantly improved breakage resistance. In fact, it has proven difficult or almost impossible to destroy it in normal use. It is clear that compared to known grinding wheels or grinding wheel bodies that are easily damaged, the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 are superior, have a reduced breakage rate, and can be used for long-term grinding and polishing. be.

FIG. 3 shows a grinding wheel 10A manufactured in the same way as the grinding wheel or grinding wheel body of FIGS. 1 and 2 or in accordance with FIGS. 4, 5.7 or 8.

FIG. 4 is similar to FIG. 2, but shows the deformation of the reinforcement. Strand 16' is a thin metal strand made of high strength material such as steel. The epoxy resin base material 12' and abrasive particles 14' are similar to those of FIG.

FIG. 5 is also similar to FIG. 2, except that the reinforcement has been modified to include multiple reinforced filamentary carbon or boron strands 16". The bonding substrate is an epoxy resin material 12". and reinforcement 14'' are the same as in FIG.

6 and 7 represent another variation of the abrasive body or abrasive material, which is of the glass bonded type.

In FIG. 6, the base material 12A"° in the shape before bonding or hardening is powdered glass or the like, and the abrasive particles 14" are a high temperature resistant material, but are almost the same as those in FIG. It is. Traditional abrasive materials (silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, etc.) T1 originally, glass powder material 12A”
The above structure is possible because it can withstand temperatures so high that it melts 100°C.

The reinforcement 16A'' consists of lengths of tungsten, although other high melting point materials with favorable structural properties may be used. In the embodiments of Figures 6 and 7, the mold is shown schematically. The mold may alternatively be a two-piece or multi-piece mold, as desired.
It may also be sealed. Furthermore, grinding/abrasive material 18
” is greatly enlarged, so it is clear that its size is also greatly enlarged compared to the size of the mold 22. However, the unsolidified loose material 18A
It only schematically represents the fusing process required to change the shape of the pre-abrasive blank into the molten hard abrasive stock represented by 18B'' in FIG. 7. This hard abrasive material is obtained after heating at a sufficiently high temperature during the melting period.

For example, it is carried out at a temperature of 2500° C. over several days. This allows grinding and polishing of the material in a sufficiently molten form.
B''° is then removed from the mold 22 and used for grinding, honing (including honing, etc.). It will be found that the fragility of some embodiments is reduced.
or the curing operation is carried out at above atmospheric pressure in a heating device or furnace;
It is carried out at such high pressure that the resulting abrasive body has maximum density and hardness.

Air drying, atmospheric curing, or catalytic curing can also be used to cure the bonding substrate material. This is especially
This is relevant if the bond or binder in such an abrasive body is of the resinoid type.

In the modification of the glass bond in Figure 7, the molten glass is
2B".

FIG. 8 shows a modification of FIG. The abrasive particles 14'' are the same as in FIG. 7, and the molten glass substrate material 12B'' is also the same as in FIG. 7 (although it is understood that a similar glass melting operation was performed). , the reinforcement is a large number of tungsten corrugated, grooved, or crimped offshore attribute reinforcement materials (16"), provided that the material is high temperature resistant with a melting point higher than that required for other glass melting operations. It is also possible to use

It should be noted that the shape of the material 16'' can be changed within the scope of the concept of changing reinforcement variables of the present invention.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a same-sized drawing of an embodiment of the present invention having the shape of a "stone" or t± "bar" for grinding and polishing. Fig. 2 shows the inside of the double-headed arrow 2 in Fig. Figure 3 is a reduced scale view of a second embodiment of the invention having the shape of a grinding wheel; Figure 4 is an enlarged section of a variation of the embodiment of Figure 2; FIG. 5 is also a view similar to FIG. 2. FIGS. 6 and 7 represent another variation of the glass bonded abrasive or abrasive material Figure t shows the state before bonding or hardening. Figure 8 shows a modification of Figure 7. 10: Polishing body (grinding body), IOA: Grinding wheel, 12 (12
", 12A"°, 12B"°6.12B""): Bonding base material, 14 (14"): Abrasive material (abrasive particles), 16 (
16', 16"): Reinforcement (reinforcement material, strand)
, 18 (18", 18A"', 18B"'):
Grinding/polishing material (grinding/polishing material), 22: Grinding/polishing surface, 22: Mold Patent applicant Marie Lamp agent Patent attorney Yasuo Yanagawa

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Grinding or polishing consisting of a substrate consisting of a hardened or molten binder and abrasive particles and reinforcements held in place in the substrate of the hardened or molten material and interspersed therewith. wherein the abrasive particles are comprised of a material that is substantially harder than the workpiece being ground or polished, and the reinforcement is a material that is different in structure and changes the structural parameters and acts in conjunction with the binder. supporting the abrasive particles and forming a bonding material with altered structural properties such that the resulting abrasive or abrasive body has increased tensile strength and reduced brittleness and breakability. Grinding or polishing bodies. 2゜A grinding or polishing body consisting of an adhesive bonding substrate having high adhesion to abrasive particles and a large amount of hard abrasive particles that are substantially harder than the surface of the workpiece to be polished, The abrasive particles are interspersed in the substrate by hardening or melting in place and have a desired external shape and surface contour on at least one surface that contacts the workpiece for external grinding or polishing. The base material is structurally different and has a reinforcing, and having a quantity of material of varying structural parameters interspersed in the substrate by curing or melting at appropriate locations, the reinforcement material working effectively with the substrate to support the abrasive particles and A grinding or abrasive body characterized in that it forms a two-phase bonded material with altered structural properties such that the resulting abrasive or abrasive body has an increased total tensile strength and a decrease in overall brittleness and breakability. . 3° characterized in that the reinforcement consists of a number of tensile members effective in the long sleeve direction that act together with the substrate to effectively change the tensile strength and bending properties of the binder holding the abrasive particles; Grinding or polishing according to claim 1 or 2, in which the J+4° reinforcement consists of a number of lengths of glass fibers, and the glass fibers are initially A grinding or abrasive body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it forms part of a mixture of an adhesively bonded substrate and abrasive particles forming the body.5. the substrate has a high adhesion to the abrasive particles and the reinforcement such that the substrate hardens into a very firm, substantially debris-free, and breakage-resistant bond with the abrasive particles and the reinforcement;
Claims 1 to 4 are characterized in that they are made of a curable 2 synthetic resin that is not solidified in the initial stage.
Grinding or abrasive bodies as described in any of the following paragraphs. 6. The grinding or polishing body according to claim 5, wherein the synthetic resin is a curable epoxy resin material. The ground or polished 8° reinforcement according to claim 3, characterized in that the 7° reinforcement consists of a large number of thin metal strands having high tensile strength and high temperature resistance. Grinding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it consists of a shaped, grooved or curled metal material. Or an abrasive body. 9° The base material consists of a material that is initially particles and then conforms to form a molten glass when melted together with abrasive particles and reinforcing material, or The grinding or polishing body according to item 2. A grinding or polishing body according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the 10° abrasive particles are made of a high temperature resistant hard refractory material. 11. Claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcement consists of a number of lengths of reinforced filamentary carbon fibers initially forming part of a mixture of adhesive binder and abrasive particles. Or the grinding or polishing body according to item 2.