JPS59154707A - Method of preventing ice and snow from adhering to aerial transmission wire - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a method for preventing the accumulation of ice and snow on overhead power transmission lines, and more specifically, a method for preventing the accumulation of ice and snow on overhead power transmission lines. This invention relates to a method for preventing ice and snow from accumulating on electric wires.

Overhead power lines installed in snowy areas are covered with snow,
Alternatively, this can cause sleed jumps or gear flopping due to frozen ice, etc., which can cause even more serious accidents. To prevent this, various types of snow-resistant electric wires have been developed. It has been.

However, most of the conventional snow-resistant electric wires have only been passive measures, such as having a structure that prevents the right side from being crushed or a structure that makes it easier for snow to fall off, and they have not been sufficiently effective. This invention breaks away from this conventional concept and provides a completely new method for installing overhead power lines that actively attempts to prevent snow or ice from accumulating by heating the wire itself using heat from a natural or artificial heat source. This provides a method for preventing ice and snow.

Prior to a detailed explanation of the present invention, a heat pipe 1 used for heating a conductor will first be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. A group 12 extending in the longitudinal direction is formed on the inner peripheral wall (/i) of the hollow cylindrical container indicated by reference numeral 11 in the figure, and a wick 13 having a high capillary pressure, such as carbon fiber, is filled into the inner peripheral wall of the container 1.・
It is pressed down and held by a hollow cylindrical fine mesh wire gauze 14 arranged coaxially with the metal wire 1 . After the container 11 is evacuated, it is filled with a working fluid 18 having a relatively large heat of evaporation, such as water, ammonia, methanol, or ammonia, through a filling port 16 provided at its longitudinal end, and then filled with a working fluid 18 such as water, ammonia, methanol, or ammonia sodium chloride. It will be sealed. It is selected depending on the temperature conditions used for these working fluids.

The heat pipe 1 having such a structure operates as follows. One end of the heat pipe 1, for example, the left end A in FIG.
When heating the section C from the outside, the working fluid 18UA is sequentially evaporated into gas and flows through the reduced pressure container 11 at a speed close to the speed of sound to the right end section C on the opposite side, where it condenses. It becomes a liquid and emits heat to its surroundings. The liquefied working fluid 18 is returned to the part A by the capillary action of the wick 13 and the wire mesh 14, where it is heated again and evaporated, repeating the above-mentioned changes.

Part A is called a heating part or evaporation part because the working fluid 18 is heated from the surroundings and evaporates, and part C is called a heat radiation part or evaporation part because the working fluid 18 condenses in this part and radiates heat to the surroundings. It is called the condensing part. In addition, since there is no heat exchange between the working fluid 18 and the surroundings in the B part between the A part and the C part, it is called a heat insulating part. If we look at the working fluid 18, as mentioned above, part A is a heating part, and part C (ζ is a heat dissipation part, but from the perspective of something other than the heat pipe that is close to the heat pipe 1, part A is a heating part.) The working fluid 18 inside the pipe takes heat and cools it, and the C part receives heat radiated from the heat pipe 1 and is heated.As described above, according to the heat pipe 1, the working fluid 18 is cooled. Due to the change in state, thermal energy can be rapidly accumulated and transported in the longitudinal direction of the heat pipe.

Regarding the dimensions and materials of heat pipes, the diameter can range from several meters to several tens of meters, and the length can reach up to 100 meters, and they are mainly made of copper, stainless steel, aluminum, etc. It can also be compatible with other conductors.

Next, an example of a gun according to the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. In this particular embodiment, a heat pipe 1 having the same diameter as each of the wires 21A, 21B, . At the same time, the heating section A of the heat pipe 1 is heated using the irradiated sunlight S as a heat source. In other words, the heating section A of the heat pipe 1 is located in the section of the power transmission line that receives good sunlight, and the heat dissipation section C of the heat pipe 1 is located in the section of the construction section where there is a risk of icing and snow. The generated heat is transferred to the heat radiating part C to heat the conductor 2 in this part, thereby eliminating the possibility of ice and snow formation. In addition, in such overhead line areas, the temperature can drop below 0°C at night, so the working fluid for the heat pipe 1 should be 1-1-50°C.
Methanolic ammonia and the like, which can be used in a temperature range of 50'C, are suitable.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a magnetic material 3 is wound around the outer periphery of the conductor 2 as a heat source for heating the heating part A of the heat pipe 1. is used. Due to the current flowing through the conductor 2, the magnetic body 3
An eddy current is induced and a hysteresis loss occurs, and both of these generate heat in the magnetic body 3 and the heat pipe 1.
It applies heat to the heating section A of the. In addition, this heat source part becomes quite high in temperature at the beginning due to the ohmic heat generated by the current flowing through the wire eye, which may cause the conductor 2 to heat up and make it difficult to maintain proper overhead wire tension. Tension rods 5i/i, which take over the tension of the overhead wire, are provided at both ends of the conductor 2, which bypass the conductor 2 into a substantially tension-free state. Measures have been taken to prevent this.

Since the heat source is constantly working in the pigeon coop in this example, O0C
Therefore, water would be suitable as the working fluid for the heat pipe 1.

The heat supplied from the heat source of the magnetic body 3 is transmitted through the heat pipe 1 at high speed and heats the conductor portion near the heat dissipation portion C, thereby preventing the formation of MY-H ice on this portion.

FIG. 6 shows a heat source in which the magnetic material 3 is wound around a conductor in the form of a helical wire, similar to the above embodiment.
The heating part of the heat pipe is located at the jumper wire conductor 20 part at the steel tower 6 in order to eliminate the concern about the drop in overhead wire tension due to the rise in conductor temperature VC as in the case of Fig. 5. It is.

FIG. 7 shows yet another embodiment of the present invention, in which geothermal heat E is used as the heat source. In the case of this embodiment, since the heat source used is geothermal heat, it can be suitably applied, for example, to prevent icing and snow from forming on the overhead ground wire 2''. The heating part A of the heat pipe 1 combined with the heat pipe 2' is buried and grounded at a depth of several meters from the ground surface at 60 steel towers.Generally, the underground temperature at a depth of 1 meter from the ground surface is the same as that in the morning and afternoon. It is said to be unaffected by temperature changes, and at a depth of several meters it is unaffected by seasonal temperature changes.It is possible that steel tower 6 is installed in a volcanic zone, where the temperature is quite high. Even in ordinary areas, it is unthinkable that the underground temperature at a depth of several meters below the ground surface would drop below 10°C. Therefore, this geothermal heat E is transferred using the heat pipe 1 to the installation diameter of the overhead ground wire 2'. By rapidly transporting the heat to the intermediate portion, it is possible to prevent the formation of ice and snow at predetermined locations within the construction span.Furthermore, since the heat capacity tU of the underground is extremely large, the amount of heat supplied is almost limitless. In addition, as the working fluid in the heat pipe heating section, fluorocarbons, ammonia, etc., which are used in the temperature range of -50°C to room temperature, are suitable. In each of the above embodiments, the heat pipe 1 is located on one shoulder of the heat pipe. 11. It is understood that heat radiating part C acts to warm the conductor part where heat radiating part C is located in overhead power transmission lines or overhead ground wires by utilizing the property of rapidly transporting heat from heating part A to heat radiating part C at the other end. Let us explain with reference to Figure 8 whether the heat transport efficiency of wax is quantitatively on the order of ρ.

This graph shows the elapsed time and temperature rise at the other end after one end of a heat pipe with a diameter of 16 mm and a length of 300 mm is immersed in hot water at 80°C to a depth of 150 mm. As you can read from this, the temperature at the other end is 70 in about 20 seconds.
The excellent thermal conductivity of the pipe, which reaches temperatures above 30°F and reaches almost the same temperature (78°C) 1 minute later, is something to behold when compared to ordinary copper pipes of the same diameter and length.

As detailed above, the method of the present invention differs from conventional passive measures in that it combines a heat pipe with excellent heat transport efficiency with a conductor, and heats the heat pipe with a natural or artificial heat source. This method aims to prevent snow or ice formation from occurring in the first place by heating the conductor part of the heat pipe and sending that heat to the heat dissipation part of the heat pipe, which heats the conductor part that is prone to ice and snow formation. It is a thing,
It can be expected to have a more significant effect on preventing ice and snow formation than conventional methods.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a simplified vertical cross-sectional view for explaining an example of the structure of a heat pipe used in carrying out the method of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Fig. 4 is a simplified side view showing an example configuration of an overhead power transmission line causing damage in which the method of the present invention is implemented, Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of Fig. A simplified side view showing another embodiment of the configuration of an overhead power transmission line to be implemented, and FIG. 6 is a simplified side view illustrating a case where the heat source of the heat pipe heating section used when implementing the method of the present invention is provided in the jumper wire section. Figure, 7th
The figure is a simplified side view showing an example of the case where the method of the present invention is implemented in an overhead ground wire, and FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating the thermal conductivity of the heat tube used when implementing the method of the present invention. heat pipe, 2... conductor, 3. S, g - heat source. Representative Patent Attorney Mamoru Takeuchi

Claims (1)

[Claims] An overhead power transmission line characterized in that a heat pipe (1) is combined with a conductor (2) substantially along the longitudinal direction thereof, and the heating portion of the heat pipe (1) is heated by an appropriate heat source. How to prevent icing and snow.