JPS59150257A - Solar-heat collecting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a heat collecting apparatus, which can obtain a specified amount of a heat medium at an arbitrary temperature, by providing a control valve, which controls the otput and input of the heat medium, in each of a plurality of heat exchangers which are provided in heat storing tanks, and performing the start and stop of a pump and switching of the directional control valve. CONSTITUTION:A heat storing device 2 comprises heat storing tanks 2a-2c. A heat exchanging device 3 comprises heat exchangers 3a-3c, which are provided in the heat storing tanks. Directional control valves A and B, which control the output and input of a heat collecting heat medium, are provided in the heat exchangers. The circulation of the heat medium to the heat exchangers is controlled by the start and stop of a pump P and the switching of the directional control valves A and B. Therefore, the heat medium of the required amount at the required temperature in correspondence with a heat load can be readily obtained by the operation of a control device.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field The present invention relates to a solar heat collecting device in which a collecting heat medium and a used heat medium are separated.

<Prior art> As shown in Fig. 1, a conventional solar heat collecting device includes a solar heat collector 11 that heats a heat collecting medium using solar heat, and a heat collecting medium that is heated by the heated heat collecting medium. Heat exchange device 1
3, a heat storage device 12 that stores the heated used heat medium,
The heat storage device 1 includes a pump P that forcibly circulates the heat collecting medium, and a pipe line 14 for circulating the collecting heat medium that connects the solar heat collector 11, the heat exchange device 13, and the pump P.
2 is composed of one heat storage tank 12, and the heat exchange device 1
3 is composed of one heat exchanger 13 installed inside the heat storage tank 12, and a temperature sensor 16s for sensing the temperature of the heat collecting medium is provided on the outlet side of the solar heat collector 11, A temperature sensor 161 is provided to detect the temperature of the heat medium used, and based on these output signals, the pump [1] and the heat exchanger 1 are
A control device 15 for controlling the circulation of the heat collecting medium to the heat collecting medium 3 was provided.

However, in the above configuration, the heat storage device ft12 is installed in a relatively large room (application: 30cm for general household hot water supply only).
Because only one heat storage tank was used (requires a large capacity of N = 450ρ), hot water (the heat medium used) at the required temperature could not be obtained after solar heat collection and storage started, and instead the solar heat collection device There was a problem that the utility value of the product was halved.

In addition, even during heat collection on day -, at around E o'clock in the afternoon when solar radiation is weak, the temperature difference (T 16 ) between the temperature sensor 16s and the temperature sensor 16[
s-T 16 t,) falls below the temperature difference set value 11, and even though there is still sufficient solar radiation, it often becomes impossible to collect any more heat. Or, if heat is collected in the morning and the temperature of the heat storage tank 12 is at a certain level, then in the afternoon, when the weather is slightly cloudy, sunny or cloudy, even if the temperature of the temperature sensor 16S is higher than the city water temperature, the temperature difference ( T1
6s-'r16t) does not exceed 11]--there are cases where heat cannot be collected.

<Purpose> The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.
Applications where a heat medium is used to store heat in a heat storage tank,
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar heat collecting device that can efficiently store heat so that the required amount of heat medium at the required temperature can be quickly obtained for heating, cooling, hot water supply, etc., for example.

<First example> Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, the first embodiment will be explained with reference to a $2 diagram. This is an indirect heating type solar heat collecting device, which includes a solar heat collector 1 that heats a collecting heat medium by solar heat, and a solar heat collector 1 that heats a collecting heat medium with solar heat, and A heat exchange device 3 that heats a used heat medium with a medium, a heat storage device 2 that stores the heated used heat medium, a pump 1 that forcibly circulates the collected heat medium], the solar heat collector 1, In a solar heat collecting device comprising a heat collecting heat medium circulation pipe 4 connecting an exchange device 3 and a pump F), the heat storage device 2 includes first, second, and third heat tanks 2a, 2b,
2C, the heat exchange device 3 includes each heat storage tank 2
It is composed of first, second, pressure heat exchangers, i a, 3 b, and 3 c installed in each of the heat exchangers 3 a, 3 b, and 3 c, and the collecting heat medium is in and out of these heat exchangers 3 a, 3 b, and 3 c. A switching valve A, 1:3 is provided to control the heat collecting medium to the heat exchangers 3a, 3b, 3c by starting/stopping the pump P and switching the switching valves A, B. A control device 5 is provided to control the circulation of the water.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the heat storage tanks 2a, 2b, and 2c have relatively small capacities and the same shape, and the circulation pipe 4 is connected to the outlet side of the solar heat collector 1 for first heat exchange. A pipe 4a connecting to the switching valve on the inlet side of the heat exchanger 3a, a pipe 41) connecting the switching valve A on the inlet side of the first heat exchanger 3a and the switching valve B on the inlet side of the second heat exchanger 31), Pipe 4 connecting the switching valve B on the inlet side of the second heat exchanger 31 and the inlet side of the third heat exchanger 3c
c, first, d1, pipe 4d connecting the outlet side of the pressure heat exchangers 3a, 31+, 3c and the inlet side of the pump P, connecting the outlet side of the pump P and the inlet side of the solar heat collector 1 It is composed of a tube 4e. In addition, the first, second and third heat tanks 2a and 2
An inlet pipe 4r for supplying low-temperature heat medium (cold water) from the distillation tank 7 is connected to the lower portions of b and 2c, and switching valves 1) and E are connected to the -L portions of the heat storage tanks 2a, 2b and 2c. A high-temperature heat medium outlet pipe 4g is connected thereto. The switching valves A- and E are respectively electric motor-operated three-force switching valves. The control device 5 of this embodiment includes a temperature sensor 6S that detects the temperature of the heat collection medium on the outlet side of the heat collector 1, and the heat storage tanks 2a and 2b.

2 (based on the output signal from the temperature sensor 6a+6b+6c that detects the temperature of the heat medium used at the lower part of the pump P
, and by switching the switching valves A to E, the heat collecting medium is selectively circulated through any one of the heat exchangers 3a, 3b, :(c), and these heat storage tanks 2a =
213.2. , c to derive the heat medium to be used at the time of use. Further, the solid lines in the figure indicate the heat medium circuit, and the dotted lines indicate the electric signal circuit for control.

In addition, in the present invention, the control device can be configured to control not only the temperature of the temperature sensor as described above but also according to the conditions of the pond such as solar radiation and weather.

Next, the action will be explained. Temperature sensor 6s+6a.

The temperature, which is the output signal of 6b and 6c, is expressed as T6s, respectively.

When expressed as T 6a, T 6b, and T Gc, as shown in Tables 1 and 2, the temperature sensor 6s of the solar heat collector 1 and the third heat storage tank 2
T(H; 'T
'6c is the temperature difference set value t1 1) becomes larger (T6
s-T6c>tl), switching valve A and switching valve B are A 2
, B Open in the direction of 2, t! As shown in IJ6 diagram (e),
When the pump P starts, a heat collecting heat medium circulation circuit is formed: solar heat collector 1 → switching valve A → switching valve B → heat exchanger 3c → pump P → solar heat collector 1, and the third heat storage tank 2c The heat medium used inside is heated and heat is stored.

Also, the temperature difference 'r6s-T6b is the temperature difference set value L1
If it becomes larger than (T 6s T 61)>L 1
), even if T6s - T 6c>t 'J, if the switching valve A is in the direction of A2 and the switching valve f3htB1 is outside, as shown in Figure 6 (1)) (see arrow F in the figure), solar heat Heat collector 1
→Switching valve A→Switching valve B→Heat exchanger 3+)→Pump P→Solar heat collector 1 A heat collection medium circulation circuit is formed, and the heat medium used in the second heat storage tank 2b is heated and stored. Ru.

Also, if 'I'6s-T6a becomes larger than the temperature difference set value tit (T6s-'r6a>tl), T6s T
Even if 6c>Ll, T 6 s -1'61)>L i, the switching valve A opens in the direction of A1, as shown in Fig. 6(a).
As shown in Fig. 1 (see arrow F), a heat collection medium circulation circuit is formed: solar heat collector 1 → switching valve A → heat exchanger 3a → pump 7'' ITI → solar heat collector 1, and the first heat storage tank The heat medium used in 2a is heated and stored in the first heat storage tank 2a.

Furthermore, as shown in Table 3.4, the temperature sensor 6 of the first heat storage tank 2a
When a reaches the first set temperature Ta (temperature set by the user according to the purpose of use), even if T6S-T6a>1.1
However, the heat storage in the first heat storage tank 2a is stopped and the switching valves A and B are automatically switched 1), 'F6 s -1'
6b>t1, heat storage is started in the second heat storage tank 21].

Similarly, the temperature sensor 61 detects the second set temperature Tl1 (
When the temperature reaches the temperature set by the user according to the purpose of use,
Even if T 6 s-'T 6 bat 1,
Heat storage starts in the third heat storage tank 2c.

, Friend-1 Vζ Person-Ei ■Last-16a<1.11! Heat collection stop 1 Heat storage in the heat storage tank 2el Heat storage in the heat storage tank 21) Heat storage in the heat storage tank 2bj Heat storage 1-Saki-1'6-a>! ,jshi-fil! i11:
,,37M42c4,3jjij WI%l2bj
;31%-JfiJj! 32 b 1 m 11% thick --- 1 1 -----------
By controlling as described above, the first heat storage tank 2a is heated to a high temperature.
The heat storage tank 21) is at a medium temperature, and the third heat storage tank 20 is at a low temperature (provided that the first set temperature Ta > the second set temperature Tb). Can collect heat. That is, first, heat is collected in the first heat storage tank 2a until the first set temperature Ta is reached, and the temperatures of the temperature sensors 6a, 6b, and 6c are T6a=T6.
If b=T 6cST 6a<T 6b<T 6c, heat collection starts from the first heat storage tank 2a in the morning, but as shown in Table 1, 1゛6a is 1761), which is higher than i''6c. In this case, the first heat storage tank 2a can collect heat (T6s-T6
heat is collected in the second heat storage tank 21] or the third heat storage tank 2c until a>tl). Also, if the solar radiation suddenly decreases due to changes in solar radiation during the day, such as clouds, the first heat storage tank 2
A case may occur in which heat cannot be collected in the first heat storage tank 2a even though temperature a has not reached the first set temperature Ta (because the temperature in the first heat storage tank 2a is rising, T6s-T6a>t
, becomes 1). In this case, as shown in Table 1, heat collection to the first heat storage tank 2a is stopped and heat is collected to the second heat storage tank 21) or the third heat storage tank 2c. After that, solar radiation increases and heat can be collected in the first heat storage In 2 a (T 6s
T 6a>1. l ), the second heat storage tank 21
) or start collecting heat to the third heat storage tank 2c and then restart the first heat storage tank 2c.
Heat is collected in the heat storage tank 2a. Alternatively, at around 3:00 p.m., when the radiation becomes weaker, the temperature inside the heat storage tank in a conventional heat storage tank-independent solar heat collection device rises, causing the temperature to rise even though there is still sufficient solar radiation. There were many cases in which the temperature difference between the sensor 6s and the temperature sensor 6I became less than the set value and the heat collection was not effective. In order to increase the temperature by 1 in the order of the tank 21) and the first and second heat storage tanks 2c, '1]
Around 3:00 p.m., the temperature of the third heat storage tank 2c has not yet risen that much, and T 6s - T 6c > t, l can be obtained, so that heat can be collected to a greater extent than with conventional solar heat collection devices.

]; As described above, in the solar heat collecting device of this embodiment, depending on the fluctuation of solar radiation, the first heat storage tank 2a is transferred to the first heat storage tank 2b, the third heat storage tank 2c, or the second heat storage tank 2c. While shifting the heat storage tanks that collect heat from the tank 2b to the first heat storage tank 2a and the third heat storage tank 2c, or from the fifth heat storage tank 2c to the first heat storage tank 2a and the second heat storage tank 211, each The heat storage tank collects heat according to temperature.

Explaining the case of using the heat medium (hot water) that has been collected, in this case, it is possible to select the required hot water temperature according to the usage and purpose. That is, by switching the switching valve E in FIG. 2 according to a command from the control device 5, the high temperature water is transferred from the first heat storage tank 2a to the second heat storage tank 21 as shown in FIGS. 6(e) and 6(f). Medium temperature water is obtained from the second heat storage tank 2c, and low temperature water is obtained from the second heat storage tank 2c.

(First Embodiment) Next, referring to the second embodiment shown in FIG. , 3b, and 3c are connected in series to the circulation pipe 4, and the inlet and outlet sides of each of these heat exchangers are connected by bypass pipes X, Y, and Z, respectively. A three-way switching valve A, T3. C is provided.

Matoko 8 is a heat collection mode changeover switch, which is connected to the control device 5 using a microcomputer, and is configured to enable switching between the heat collection mode for each temperature sensor and the normal heat collection mode. Note that the configuration of the pond in this embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment described in L, so a description thereof will be omitted.

Next, heat collection control when the heat collection mode selector switch 8 is set to the temperature-based heat collection mode will be explained based on chart 70 in FIG. This is similar to heat collection control.

That is, Tables 1, 2, 4. , 5, in response to changes in solar radiation, the pump P starts as shown in FIG. 6(c), and the solar heat collector 1 → switching valve A → bypass pipe X → switching valve B
→ Bypass pipe Y → Switching valve C → Heat exchanger:) c → Pump F
A heat collecting heat medium circulation circuit called ゝ→solar heat collector, 1 is formed, and the heat medium used in the third heat storage tank 2c is warmed and heat stored.

Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 6(b) (see arrow G), solar heat collector 1 → switching valve A → bypass pipe X → switching valve B → heat exchanger 3b → switching valve C → bypass pipe Z → pump P → A heat collecting heat medium circulation circuit called solar heat collector 1 is formed, and the heat medium used in the second heat storage tank 2b is heated and stored.

Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 6(a) (see arrow G), solar heat collector 1 → switching valve A → heat exchanger 3a → switching valve 13 → bypass pipe Y → switching valve C → bypass pipe Z → pump I ) → A heat collection heat medium circulation circuit called solar heat generator 1 is formed, and the heat medium used in the first heat storage tank 2a is warmed and heat is stored in the first heat storage tank 2a.

1. As described in (2) In the solar heat collecting device of this embodiment, depending on the fluctuation of solar radiation, the first heat storage m2a is transferred from the first heat storage m2a to the second heat storage tank 21], to the fifth heat storage tank 20, or to the second heat storage tank 20. A heat storage tank that collects heat from the power bow, the first heat storage tank 2a, and the third heat storage tank 2c, or from the second heat storage tank 2c to the first heat storage tank 2a, and the nearer heat storage tank 21) and \. While shifting, each heat storage tank efficiently collects heat according to temperature.

Next, when temperature-specific heat storage, that is, particularly high-temperature hot water is not required, the heat collection mode changeover switch 1 is switched to the normal heat collection mode. In this case, as shown in Tables 6 and 7, the temperature difference is ]6S'6a, i'6s
If either T6b, 1"6s or T6c exceeds the temperature difference set value 1, 1 - 1 - t, that heat storage tank is stored. For example, if only the temperature difference (T6s - T6c) of the second heat storage tank 2C exceeds 11. , only the third heat storage tank 2c stores heat, and the temperature difference between the third heat storage tank 2c and the second heat storage tank 21 is 11.
In the second case, heat is collected from the third heat storage tank 2 (=, the second heat storage tank 2b) at the same time. Similarly, the first heat storage tank 2a and the second heat storage tank 2b are simultaneously collected by the first heat storage tank 2a and the second heat storage tank 2b. Third heat storage tank 2
Collect heat at the same time as c.

Alternatively, the third heat storage tank 2c, the second heat storage tank 21), the first
If the temperature difference in the heat storage tank 2a is greater than or equal to 1, all of these heat will be collected at the same time. That is, as shown in FIG. 6(d), solar heat collector 1 → switching valve A → heat exchanger 3a → switching valve B → heat exchanger 31] → switching valve C → heat exchanger 3c → pump P → solar heat A heat collecting heat medium circulation circuit called a heat collector 1 having heat exchangers connected in series is formed. When multiple heat exchangers are connected in series to collect heat in this way, the overall thermal efficiency of the device is lower than when collecting heat with base heat exchangers. Since the temperature of the heat medium flowing toward the heat exchanger 1 is lower than that in the case of a single heat exchanger, the heat collection efficiency of the solar heat collector also improves. The temperatures of the first heat storage tank i2a, the second heat storage tank 21), and the near heat storage tank 21 are stored almost uniformly.

In addition, if heat is collected in the normal heat collection mode, the 6th
As shown in Figure (g), water of uniform temperature is obtained from all the heat storage tanks.

<Third Embodiment> FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the second embodiment described above, in that the inlet pipe 4 [ is connected only to the first heat storage tank 2a, and the first heat storage tank 2a, the second heat storage tank 21), the H6 heat storage tank 2
The pipes 9a and 9b connecting between c and c are newly installed, and the other configurations are the same as in the second embodiment. In this embodiment, the heat medium (hot water) to be used is utilized by opening and closing the switching valves i) and E as shown in FIGS. 6(h) and (i).

In each of the above embodiments, the hot water supply pressure is determined by the water head pressure of DiStern 7.
), but water pressure may also be used.

1. In the registered embodiment, the case where there are eight heat storage tanks and eight heat exchangers each is described, but the present invention is applicable to two or more heat storage tanks and four or more heat exchangers each. It can also be applied when −
Of course.

<Effects>1; As is clear from the explanations of J and L, 1), the heat storage device of the solar heat collector of the present invention is composed of a plurality of heat storage tanks,
The heat exchange device is composed of a plurality of heat exchangers installed in each of the heat storage tanks, and is equipped with a switching valve that controls the flow of the collected heat medium into and out of these heat exchangers. A control device is provided for controlling circulation of the collecting heat medium to the heat exchanger by switching the switching valve.

Therefore, according to the present invention, when storing heat in the heat storage tank,
It is possible to efficiently store heat so that the required amount of heat medium can be quickly obtained at the required temperature according to the purpose of use, such as heating, cooling, hot water supply, etc.
) has excellent effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the conventional device, Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the first embodiment of the device of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the second embodiment of the device of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is a block diagram of the device of the present invention. Configuration diagram of the third embodiment, fifth
The figure is a flowchart of the control device of the second embodiment, and FIG.
, ) to (i) are schematic diagrams for explaining the action. 1: solar heat collector, 2: heat storage device, 2a: first heat storage tank,
21): Second heat storage tank, 2c: Third heat storage tank, 3: Heat exchange device, 3a: First heat exchanger, 31): Second heat exchanger, 3c
: Third heat exchanger, 4: Circulation pipe, 5: Control device, 6s
, 6 a, 6 b, 6 <:: temperature sensor, 7
: Cistern, ε; : Heat collection mode selector switch, ＼・
...G:: Switching valve, P: Pump. Applicant Sharp Co., Ltd. Agent Nakamura Perpetual Procedures ^1j Official Document (Hakutae) +! (Wa 59 I 1' May 1 o Mr. Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office, Japanese Patent Application No. 58-025107 No. 2, Credit for the invention and device; Solar heat collecting device 3, Person making the amendment. Relationship with the case. Name of applicant. Name: 4, Agent @ 541 Address: Imperial Senba, 4-57 Minamihonmachi, Higashi-ku, Osaka Showa 1920 Month/Day (Date of dispatch): 6 Number of inventions increased due to amendment 7; Explanation” column 8 Correction details

Claims (1)

[Claims] A solar heat collector that uses solar heat to heat a single heat collecting medium;
A heat exchange device that heats the used heat medium from the heated heat collecting heat medium, a heat storage device that stores the heated used heat medium, a pump that forcibly circulates the heat collecting heat medium, and the solar heat collector. In a solar heat collection device comprising a heat storage device, a heat exchange device, and a heat collecting heat medium circulation pipe connecting a pump, the heat storage device is composed of a plurality of heat storage tanks, and the heat exchange device is Each of the heat storage tanks is composed of a plurality of heat exchangers installed inside, and a switching valve is provided to control the entry and exit of the collected heat medium into and out of these heat exchangers, and the switching valve controls the start/stop of the pump and the switching valve. 1) A solar heat collecting device characterized by being provided with a control device for controlling circulation of a collecting heat medium to the heat exchanger.