JPS59141932A - Metabolism monitor apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a spectrophotometric device for monitoring selected properties within living cells, and more particularly, to a spectrophotometric device for monitoring selected properties within biological cells, and more particularly, to a spectrophotometric device for monitoring selected properties within living cells, and more particularly, to a spectrophotometric device for monitoring selected properties within biological cells. This invention relates to a device that is combined with a monitoring device for installing a fence.

U.S. Patent No. 2.2.7.6g0, No. DA; Ig
/, Al- and No. 9.327.930 spectrophotometric methods and devices intended for non-invasive, continuous, atraumatic and intracellular monitoring of metabolic processes in body organs is disclosed. The instructions given in these patents are in the near-infrared region, i.e. 70
Measurement wavelengths and reference wavelengths of 0~/3θOμm are used to non-invasively, continuously, and atraumatically monitor oxidative metabolism by monitoring the oxygen content in internal organs of the human or animal body, such as the brain. Used for intracellular monitoring. The cellular enzyme cytochrome a, a, (also referred to as cytochrome oxidase and EC/, 9.3 The critical properties of . At least one reference wavelength of a weak and non-hazardous level is utilized which is capable of detecting passageways, for example several centimeters in length, which may contain considerable bone and soft tissue and skin 11 of a child. Various changes are observed in the four parameters of the circulatory system during measurement, and the selection of wavelength, circuit, and method may be affected by changes in blood volume in the organ being monitored, hemoglobin oxygen supply, and blood volume. Conventional methods compensate for continuous monitoring of blood flow, intermittent monitoring of blood flow, skin surface fluid flow effects, and variations in the output of the light source or laser diode.

The prior art is broadly described in the above-mentioned prior patents, and with respect to the prior patents and other prior art cited in these I\jFlf, the present invention primarily relates to body-mounted light sources and analysis structures; It also relates to a device for attaching a light source and an analyzing structure to the body. Thus, the present invention primarily seeks to provide improvements in the light sources and analysis structures shown in the prior patents, as well as improvements in all known prior art considered relevant to the present invention. Other useful technical background is U.S. Pat.
Evening No. 27.932, No. 3.6 Kug, Oog No. 3, 6
3g, l, '70, No. 3, 704t, 70.3
No. 7.399, and the light source and analysis structure described in No. 7.399.

Taking all of the above into consideration, further development and experimentation of the spectrophotometric devices and methods for measuring local metabolism described in the above-mentioned patents provides that the light source and analyzer are fixed when attached to the body. It has been found that improvements to the apparatus are needed, particularly the light source and analyzer mount described in US Pat. No. 3,3;1/930. The body and its associated mounting also further simplify the light source and analyzer structure attached to the structure so that it can be made economically in a disposable form and can be used in surgical or emergency situations if necessary. A need arose for a device to be made for single-internal use, such as.

Improved installations in medical and surgical procedures that require the patient to lie prone and bend the patient's head back to probe the patient's throat or place substances or instruments into the throat have also created a need for formality. Ta.

It is thus a general object of the present invention to accomplish these various necessary improvements, and other objects will become apparent as the description proceeds.

The present invention discloses a light source combined with a remotely located spectrophotometric device that is utilized for non-invasively and atraumatically measuring local carp in vivo in accordance with the teachings of the related prior patents. And an analyzer! SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to improvements in devices that are placed in a position relative to the body, are supported on and attached to the body, and are shielded from ambient light at the point of attachment.

The device of the present invention is housed in the body, such as the head, limbs, or torso, and works with devices according to the teachings of the prior patents. Definitive information is provided about the parameters of the amount of oxygen present in the tissue or organ in question in vivo. The device of the present invention, when operated in conjunction with the devices and methods of the prior patents, non-invasively and It also provides the ability to monitor in a non-traumatic manner.

Apart from the prior art near-infrared light source device, timing, analysis and processing circuitry, the present invention is primarily concerned with improvements in body-mounted lighting and analysis components, and with removably mounted light shields. and to an improved apparatus for positioning such light sources and analyzing components on the body in a manner designed to avoid excessive localized pressure and false signal conditions.

The body-mounted device of the present invention is utilized in combination with near-infrared sources, timing, analysis and processing circuitry, and measurement methods described in prior patents. Thus, by reference to the subject matter of the prior patent, the apparatus of the present invention is described in the prior patent and described in detail for the deep reflection of diffused, multiply scattered light, fC is the transmission method, and the transmission method is about 00 to 7300μ.
It has been found that the use of near-infrared sound radiation in the range of 500 m to facilitate the implementation of continuous, non-invasive, and in vivo site monitoring of the redox status of cytochrome aXa in the body part in question. Good morning. When the device of the invention is applied to the head, for example, the light source and analyzer components are isolated on the same side of the head, and the light reflected and scattered back to the location of the light source is detected and changes in blood volume in the skin are detected. used in the related processing circuit of the prior patent to modify. The present invention is advantageous in minimizing optical losses as well as minimizing the generation of local pressure, thus avoiding false signal conditions.

The device of the present invention also uses light scattered by the gray matter of the brain,
It further enhances the ability to distinguish between light reflected from the brain's white matter, thus providing a signal known to indicate sufficient oxygen content of the brain's gray matter.

A closer look at the actual structure used in the improved light source and analyzer body attachment device of the present invention includes:
Two examples are provided.

A first embodiment is provided with a belt made to be wrapped around a selected part of the body, such as the head, limbs, or torso, the end of which is connected to the light source, analyzer, and light source of the present invention. The handle is freely fixed for the purpose of supporting and holding in place the optical fibers of the optical fiber and the cable components. Midway along its length, the diaphragm is fitted with a block, a subdivision of elastic material adapted to the shape of the body at the point of attachment. Such an elastic material also serves as a device for enclosing the optical module/pair, but also as a light source and analyzer for the end #'i of the module. These terminations are connected by quick-disconnect couplings between the body-mounted device of the present invention and an external device that provides the light source, timing, detection, and processing circuitry in which the desired spectrophotometric measurements are actually made by the method of the prior patent. The cable assembly is adapted to be removably connected to a cable assembly used to transfer light or light-related signals between.

Compared to the light source and analyzer assembly of US Pat. No. 3,930, both embodiments of the present invention provide an overall more simplified assembly.

Further improvements are obtained by configuring the light source and the analyzing element as uniquely made and separately mounted modules. The present invention also provides an improved optical barrier device that is obtained by using double-sided annular adhesive tape around the optical surface to improve both optical barrier and body immobilization.

Furthermore, the first embodiment of the present invention requires an odor sealing means (as appropriate) along with an array, which may be of either fiber optic or electronic type, to further enhance the constancy of the light source and analyzer with respect to the body. May be used.

In a second embodiment, no strips are required, and the light source and analyzer module are attached, light shielded, and accurately isolated by an adhesive pad arrangement. This is of particular significance in medical and surgical procedures that involve probing a patient's throat or placing a substance or instrument into the throat, which requires the patient to lie face down and bend the patient's head back. .

Both body-mounted embodiments of the device of the present invention provide a device for detecting light that is reflected and scattered back from where the light first enters the body, as well as detecting light that is isolated from the point of entry of the light. Another device is provided to detect the scattered and reflected light. The device of the invention is also devised to prevent ambient light or other external light signals from entering and to avoid creating harmful local pressures at points where light may enter and be detected. The invention provides an improved optical barrier that operates in a manner that Thus, correction for changes in skin blood volume is achieved in all embodiments by using light that is reflected and scattered back to the second point of treatment according to the method of the prior patent and reflected at the point of entry of the light. by monitoring the light that returns.

In both embodiments, the incident light is transferred to the body-mounted device of the present invention by an optical cable connected to the light source element of the body-mounted device. The corrective light that is reflected back from the body at the point where the light from the light source enters the body, and the metering light that is reflected and scattered back to a point isolated from the light source, are detected and processed by the fiber optic device. sent for. The reflection method employed by Geo-U in accordance with the present invention is to be understood as the deep reflection method as detailed and disclosed in prior US Pat. No. 327,930.

Due to the background provided by the prior patents, when deep reflection methods are performed as described in prior U.S. Pat. devices used to direct and carry out the process, devices used to collect reflected light directly and deeply at the point of entry of the light, and devices used to collect reflected light directly and deeply at the point of entry, and to penetrate deeply after being scattered and reflected from organs, e.g. the brain or other body parts in question. It becomes clear that a device that collects the light that is present is of crucial importance to be able to meaningfully measure the desired amount of light. For example, it is desirable that body-mounted light sources and analyzer assemblies be shaped to accommodate various body shapes, such as those associated with the head, limbs, or torso of the human or animal being observed. The body-mounted device is also combined with a standard light source and analyzer assembly.
It is extremely effective to counteract both extraneous near-infrared rays and extraneous ambient light, as the light entering the body and the light being detected has only the measurement wavelength and comes only from the light source intended for measurement. It was also found to be important. Therefore, the energy of extraneous photons at the measurement location, which might otherwise enter the body and not affect the measurement, can be absorbed by the device combined with the light source and analyzer assembly of the present invention. desirable.

It is also important to note that the body-mounted light source and theta analyzer must be of a form that avoids any restriction of local blood flow or any other tissue function in the area of observation so as to avoid false signals. It's becoming increasingly clear. In addition, the light source and analyzer element may serve to shield extraneous light, and an improved body mount system that conforms to the body shape in the area of observation may be used to retain the element as a change in assembly. It turns out that. Another important feature of the structure is that the light source and analyzer mounting are designed so that the relative space between the light source and the analyzer remains fixed during the measurement time, preventing body damage caused by breathing, body bending, trauma, etc. It is not subject to change due to physical changes in shape. Another major consideration is the timing of body-mounted light source and analyzer assemblies being placed a minimum of several feet from the patient as standard, so that they can be quickly coupled and uncoupled to the light source, analyzer, and processing circuitry. It means that it has a certain shape.

Another important consideration is that it is highly desirable for body-mounted light sources and analyzer assemblies to be single-purpose and in a form that lends itself to economic manufacture so that they are useful as disposable components. are doing. Given the difficulty and expense of cleaning and sterilization, the potential for transmitting disease, and the likelihood of contamination, especially in the case of foreign and Vce, prepackaged, sterile, single-purpose, disposable light source and analyzer sets are not available. I think you can easily recognize the three-dimensional orientation point.

With the foregoing background information and desired characteristics and objectives in mind, the present invention then describes an improved, body-mounted light source of the present invention according to a first embodiment that also utilizes a strap device and Reference is made to the drawings to illustrate the method accomplished with the analyzer assembly. Having described the two shapes of the first embodiment, we now turn to a second embodiment that utilizes a light source and analyzer module that is generally the same shape as that described for the first embodiment, but with different fixing devices. Proceed to explain the example. Both of the two forms of the first embodiment use a band-shaped device, but one uses the entire X-air device. The installation, rather than the device, proceeds to the description of a second embodiment based on the use of a similar light source and analyzer module with an adhesive pad device.

To mainly explain Figures 1 to 6, Figure 1
The improved light source and detector assembly 20 of the present invention in its preferred embodiment basically includes a platform support 30, a module support 35, a light source and detector module 50 embedded in the support 35, and a detector module 50 embedded in the support 35. and a light module 60.

Platform support strap 30 is preferably made of a tightly woven elastic fabric, such as found in elastic bands, stretchable belts, elastic fabrics, and the like. It is desirable that the Emperor 30 has the ability to stretch, and that the head, limbs, and body of the human or animal subject to investigation are given enough flexibility to fit the shape of the body. The entire surface of band 30 is preferably black to help absorb the energy of external photons closest to the observation area. The operation of attaching and detaching the monitor 30 from the body is such that the light source and analyzer assembly 20 is attached to the body for monitoring purposes as described above.
This is facilitated by the combined use of Velcro J-shaped strips 40-43 on the corresponding mating surfaces of the strip 30 so that they can be easily fitted.

The support 30 includes an intermediate portion 30' that is laminated to the outer surface of what is referred to as a module support 35. Double-sided pressure sensitive data
36 is used for this purpose, providing both secure fixation and easy removal of the module support when required for replacement or service purposes.

The module support 35 is preferably made of a material that is resilient and diamond-shaped to the extent consistent with the described invention. Foam, for example silicone dem, represents available materials with varying degrees of resilience;
It seems suitable for this purpose. The module support 35 preferably includes a preformed cavity, not shown, suitable for gripping and receiving the optical module pairs 50,60 supported by the module support 35 on the strap 30.

Optical modules 50 and 6 with different functions
0 has basically the same structure and will now be described with reference to FIGS. 2-6. The module 50 includes, for example, a hollow circular housing 70 with a rear cover plate 71 and a slightly tapered or slightly rounded front face 72 with a center-to-center lower part 3 . The fiber bundle 75 is coupled to a quickly disconnectable optical coupling 76 and a polished optical surface 8 placed in the open lower 3
It terminates with an L-shaped termination 79 having a zero. The entire interior of the housing 70 surrounding the L-shaped termination 79 is filled with epoxy or similar hardened adhesive to facilitate securing the termination 79 within the housing 70 and the rear cover plate 71 is sealed after such assembly. Glued or otherwise fixed in place.

The terminal end 79#"l of the fiber bundle 75: provides both terminals of the near-infrared light source and the corrected analyzer, the selected fiber being used to bring the light to the light entry point and other random dispersion. A selected fiber is used to collect the light reflected directly from the light entry point or near it (/~3 rrms). The manner in which such a correction and instruction light source is operated and processed is described previously. This is explained in detail in the prior patents mentioned in .

The previously described module 60 has a similar construction to the module 50 and connects the fiber bundle 80 by an optical coupling 81 with an L-shaped termination 82t (not shown) having a polished optical surface 83.
Attach. Fiber bundle 80 is used as a device to collect reflected light for the process described in the prior patent. During the light teaching operation, the modules 50 and 6° are placed in the module support 35 and the assembly 2011'' of the present invention is spaced r within the limits discussed in the prior patent.
It operates to keep SJ uniform.

Ambient light shielding appears to be particularly important when metabolic trends are monitored and discrete changes are small but significant. Such a barrier uses a layer of light blocking material 90 which is fitted into the module support 35 and provided with suitable holes 91,92 as shown to avoid covering the respective optical surfaces 80,83. given by.

As a seventh feature of the present invention, a pair of circular double-sided pressure-sensitive chips 7'100, 101 is provided for each module 50.
．． 60 and is also used to help provide the desired ambient light barrier.

The tape 100.101i" [: preformed in the shape shown in FIG. 101 is each module 1
00.101 on one side, leaving the opposite side of each tape 100.101 exposed for fixation to the opposing respective body surface of the respective optical surface 80.83.

When using the assembly 20 of the present invention, an optical guru is attached to each optical surface 8.
0.83 and the strip 30 is fixed to selected parts of the body to form a module support 35 of material ff=1-
Slightly press and remove each surrounding circular tape 100.1
80.83 At each light surface with 0.83 total light entry and exit points, light contact is maximum and light leakage and loss is maximum.
It should be firmly bonded to the surface of the body so that it becomes ＼.

A slightly tapered or rounded light surface on each front side, e.g. face 72 of module 50, is a good device to facilitate such contact since there are considerable variations in contours and surfaces on the human body. It has been found to be useful in applications. Once the assembly 20 of the present invention is properly secured as described in the aforementioned prior patents, the appropriate optical and electrical circuitry is established according to the prior patents and the device of the present invention f.
is used in the manner previously described in such prior patents.

Seven important advantages of the improved engraving assembly 2 of the present invention according to the first embodiment are that each optical module 50. It has the ability to be assembled with module support 35 as seven subassemblies that can be quickly attached and detached by means of the aforementioned optical couplings 76,81. module 5
The 0.60 is made of gold TiJ4 or plastic and may be formed or machined into the shapes described above. L at the end of each optical bundle 75.80
In order to obtain a shape structure, all such light beams are fixed for each optical module 50.60, and for each module 50.60, each optical surface 80.8 is fixed.
Any suitable assembly device may be used to maintain the 3'e fixed condition.

Next, referring to FIGS. 7 to 73, the overall structure is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, but a light shield for each optical module and a fixed full-enhancing A-wall device are added. Seven other forms of the first embodiment will be described. No./
In the first embodiment, the U-shaped assembly 140 is fixed to the platform support 150, and is fixed to the '48150 and has the same light as the seventh shape of the first embodiment. A module support 155 is used comprising a layer of light blocking material 166 with appropriate openings for passage. The module support 155 includes modules 5 having a similar overall structure and described above.
A pair of preformed optical modules 170 made generally similar to 0 and 60 but adapted for vacuum fixation to the body.
．． 180 is embedded.

For example, using module 170, hollow housing 1
A fiber bundle 185 with an 81 ring-shaped termination 186 is provided. The terminal end 186 is optically coupled by a quick-cut optical coupling 187 and has an optical surface 190 polished to be flush with a central aperture 191 made in a slightly rounded or tapered front surface 192.
Terminates with.

The housing 181 is secured to the fiber bundle 1 by a rear cover plate 19B that is fixed in place to prevent air leakage.
By suitably sealing air leaks around 85 and light surface 190, an internal hermetic chamber is provided. The internal airtight chamber within the housing 181 is provided with a quick disconnectable fitting 19.
5 to an air line 194 which is connected to a suitable vacuum source, not shown. Housing 181 (before D-
1ffi 192 comprises a number of oblong recesses 200 that open into a vacuum chamber in housing 181 which is connected through corresponding holes 201 with vacuum supply air v 194 . 7th
In a third form of the first embodiment shown in Figure 3, the oblong depressions 200 are interconnected by other depressions 202 to increase the total body surface exposed to the vacuum effect.

Module 180, which utilizes a similar construction in a similar manner and generally, includes a light beam 205 that is joined through a fitting 206 and has an L-shaped termination, not shown, with an optical surface 210.

The module 180 has a vacuum support air tube 215 coupled to the same vacuum source supply vacuum air tube 194 through a fitting 216.
It is also equipped with.

Bundle 185 serves the same function as first type bundle 75 of the first embodiment, and bundle 205 serves the same function as first type bundle 80 of the first embodiment.

When using the Kiko-shaped webbing body 140'Jfr of the first computational embodiment, the necessary optical transmission and vacuum circuits are established and optical glue is applied to each optical surface 190,210.

Next, add 150 strips to the front of each housing, e.g.
92, and each vacuum supply nozzle 200 is placed directly above and surrounding the body surface to serve as a light entry and exit point, and to place each light surface 190, 210 in suitable body contact. be properly fixed. If increased vacuum effectiveness is desired due to the nature of the body surface on which the device of the present invention is attached, an alternative modular structure shown in FIG. 13 increases the vacuum effectiveness and thereby increases the vacuum assistance to the body. . Thus, together with the elastic brace effect provided by j) on the strap 150 and module support 155, an improved auxiliary vacuum assistance device is provided which provides improved light shielding and fixation of the strap body 14.0. Similar to the first form of the first embodiment, the module support 155
Due to the elastic and deformable properties of the swamped material, the thickness of the module support 155 seen in FIG.
50 is applied and the appropriate "Velck belt 22 (1 to 228
(6) is appropriately reduced by the use of (6). When the optical module support 155 is elastically compressed into this configuration, an optical glue is applied to each optical surface 190, 120, and a suitable vacuum is applied to each module 170, 180, a substantially improved and highly effective optical It can be seen that the joint is fixed. Furthermore, the first implementation! Similar to the / shape,
The optical modules 170, 180 are preassembled and mounted in suitable molded recesses in the module support 155 as subassemblies for quick connection to light sources, light processing, and wall equipment. Additionally, an annular double-sided pressure sensitive tag as described above is used around each optical surface,
Strengthens fixation when not using vacuum. However, vacuum fixation is particularly useful when measuring mixed light areas of the body, as for example in the case of surgical procedures.

Although not shown, it is also contemplated that the illustrated optical module may include a continuous fiber bundle leading to the light source and processing circuitry to avoid the use of the rapidly disconnectable couplings shown.

It is also recognized that the well-developed vacuum system W is useful for use with an optical module equipped with an analyzer, i.e. an electronic light source such as that of Prior Patent No. '1.32/930. think. A new versatile vacuum fixation device is thus provided.

Another feature to be appreciated in the illustrative embodiment, as best seen with respect to FIG. 2, is that the thickness T of the module support material is intentionally smaller than the total thickness It is made in a big way. This allows the module support foam material 85 to effectively slide over each optical module and be slightly compressed while being applied to the body, helping to hold each module in place.

Having described the three forms of the first embodiment in which the elongated strip-shaped identification device is used with respect to FIGS. A second embodiment as shown in FIGS. 75 to 30, which does not need to be used, will now be described.

As background for the description of the second embodiment, certain surgical procedures in which it is desirable to monitor narcotic activity in the brain require the patient's head to be bent backwards and various instruments and substances placed down the throat. It is noted that such a backward bending of the head is simply desired for surgical or medical procedures. Other medical or surgical procedures in which it is desirable to monitor the amount of oxygen in the brain may not require bending the patient's head. In some cases, the patient's head must be bent backwards, such as a releasable strap as described in Figures 1 to 1-1, a light source, and a light analyzer. Care must be taken to ensure that the assembly is not displaced or mispositioned when the patient's head is bent backwards. However, at other times when the patient's head is not bent backwards, the strap fixation device of the first embodiment, as in FIGS. 1-11, has proven successful. Thus, in the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention, an improved light source and analyzer body mount assembly retains all of the desired characteristics previously achieved in the first embodiment. Provided is an improved form adapted for use over the head, particularly during brain monitoring, and adapted to a patient's head bent backwards, unbent and tilted as required by the medical or surgical procedure involved. Installation is provided as an assembly.

The light source and analyzer module are used in both the first embodiment and the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, for each light source and analyzer module, a module 'f is adapted to receive and be adhesively fixed to the body at the mounting location using a double-sided adhesive tool 7° by means of radially extending flexible tabs. A socket device is provided. The length of the socket tabs isolates the socket pairs holding their respective light source and analyzer modules as precisely as necessary to implement the optical monitoring method of the prior patent. The improved attachment device of the present invention according to a second embodiment also provides a flexible light shielding pad to be adhesively secured to the body, covering the socket tab and allowing the remainder of the socket to protrude outwardly from the pad. and a shoulder interconnected optical cable leading from the pad to the light source and processing circuitry of the related prior patent.

Once the optical modules and their respective sockets are properly installed and properly covered by the aforementioned optical shield pads, some additional length.

A second optical shield pad is placed on top of the first optical shield, covering both the first optical shield, the socket, and the portion of the optical cable exiting from each optical module in the socket. It becomes like this.

#P, 2-light-shiyahei pad is adhesively fixed to the body at the peripheral edge of the pad using double-sided adhesive 7°.

As a preliminary light shielding approach, a light opaque flexible cape, such as that previously disclosed for the first embodiment, may be used with the aforementioned light module, socket and light shield pad attached to connect the light source and the module. It is also placed on a part of the patient's body that is further shielded from ambient light.

Looking closely at FIGS. 13-30, an improved light source and analyzer assembly 820 according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes a light-tight adhesively secured platform support base 880 and/or a pair of support bases 880. Module socket 885,886 and light source module 8
50, an analyzer module 860, an auxiliary light cover pad 84.0, and a full-length cover drape.

The base support pad 880 is preferably made of a densely structured, non-elastic, black-painted fabric, such as that found in black-painted nogayed fabrics used for automobile seats, interior decoration, etc., and is also subject to monitoring. It is desirable to provide sufficient flexibility to match the shape of the human or animal head or other parts.

Additionally, all surfaces of pad 880 are desirably black to help absorb external photon energy closest to the observation area. To securely fix the pad 880 to the surface of the body, the pad 880 is bonded to the body.
This is facilitated by the use of a suitable pressure sensitive adhesive 888 on all surfaces of. Preferably, a removable cover sheet is used over the adhesive 888.

It is desirable that the module socket (885,886) be made of a molded plastic material that is both resilient and configurable to the extent compatible with the described invention.

Each module socket 885,886 accommodates a respective light source module 850 or analyzer module 860.
A hollow, resilient wall housing molded with an open base and a closed top end to snugly receive the housing. In a preferred form, the inner diameter and length L of the module 885,886 are the same size as the outer diameter D' and length L' of the module 850,860. First left figure,
In the traces best shown in FIGS. 22 and 26, it can be seen that each module socket 885.886 also has one release slot 887 for receiving a respective optical cable 851.861 leading from a respective optical module 8501860. I think. each socket 138
5, BB6Vi is thus assembled with the respective optical module 850 or 856 as illustrated by the examples of FIGS. 2s and 26 for the socket 886 and analyzer module 860 assembly.

Optical cable 8511861, made of a bundle of optical fibers, interfaces with the light source and processing circuit 885 of the prior related patent without intervening optical couplings, thereby minimizing optical loss. Alternatively, it is sometimes desirable to be provided with a device that allows the undisclosed assembly 820 to be rapidly optically coupled to and decoupled from the body. For this purpose, a quick disconnectable optical coupling 852.85B is provided.

each socket with three thin flexible tabs 889 radiating out, preferably of uniform size and uniform length T).
885 and 886 are provided at the open joint end. A double-sided pressure sensitive tube 841 is fixed to the bottom of each tab 889 and is used as a device for fixing each socket 885' to the body surface. A removable cover string is used to protect the adhesive prior to installation. Furthermore, as will be discussed later with respect to FIGS. 2q and 30, the critical distance between the optical module 850 and the analyzer module 86() can also be determined by connecting the pair of tabs 880. I believe that this can be determined by using the positioning device 1/L, which is most commonly found in The pad 880 is connected to the socket hole 8) 3
B, 881.889 slits communicating from B4 and separated by the same critical distance M? Equipped with Thus, the space between 881 and 882 is also used as a spacing reference. The slits 881.882 also connect the respective outgoing optical cables 8511861 coupled through the respective optical couplings 852.85B to the slit 8.
81, 882 and over the pad 880 during assembly of the pad 880 of the socket 885, 886, after each optical module 850, 860 is fully placed in the respective socket) 885, 886.
Each socket) 885,886 facilitates assembly of the pad 880.

Although optical modules 850 and 860 serve different functions, they are essentially similar in size and construction and are described in more detail with respect to FIGS. For example, module 850 includes a hollow, circular housing 870 with a rear cover plate 871 and a flat front face 872 with an intermediate opening 878. Fiber bundle 851 terminates in a right angle shadow termination 879 that couples through optical coupling 852 and has a slightly protruding portion with a polished optical surface 880 placed within aperture 878 . The internal cavity of the housing 87() surrounding the p-gonal termination 879f is filled with epoxy or similar hardening compound to facilitate fixation of the termination 879 within the housing 870, and the rear cover plate 871 is filled with such a hardening compound. It may later be suitably glued or otherwise fixed in place.

A terminal end 879 of fiber bundle 851 provides both a near-infrared light source terminal and a correction analyzer terminal, with selected fibers used to bring the light to the light entry point and other random dispersion selected fibers. The fiber is used to collect the light that is directly reflected back from at or near the light entry point <(/~3+ms). The manner in which such correction and measurement light sources operate is described in related prior patents.

The aforementioned fiber bundle 8fSl? has a structure similar to that of the HL module 850 and is connected through an optical coupling 858, as well as a polished optical surface 88.
It has a right angled termination 882 with a slightly protruding portion having a diameter of 8. Bundle 861 is used as a device to collect the measured reflected light for processing, as detailed in related prior patents. Furthermore, during photometric operation, modules 850 and 860 are mounted in their respective module sockets) 885, 886 and placed on the body, bringing the spacing M within the limits discussed in related prior patents. Try to keep it as it is.

Ambient light shielding appears to be extremely important, especially when metabolic trends are being monitored and discontinuous changes, even if small in value, are significant. Thus, each module 850.860
are assembled in their respective sockets 885, 886 and adhesively secured onto the tabs 889 in their respective sockets as shown in FIG. Each socket 885.
Each module 85 assembled into 886
Additional haze protection is provided by using an auxiliary pad of light repellent material 840 with double-sided W sliding tags 844 to provide adequate light shielding above the 0.860.

Compatible optical cable 85L B6114 node 8 hands 0
A black felt strip 8 is routed under the pad 840 at the point where the cable exits from under the pad 840 to provide additional protection.
It is desirable to be wrapped in 48. A dark, black, highly flexible, hard neograin rubber sheet having a thickness of 1/2" has been found suitable for use in the fabrication of pad 840.

As another aspect of the present invention, a pair of thin annular pressure-sensitive double-sided adhesive tapes Φ (10,4·Ol) are applied to each module 850.860 and rotated to each optical surface 880.88B. Tape 400.4 (+
1 is preformed in the shape shown in the first diagram and has a removable adhesive cover as an elongation factor. When this cover f is removed, each tape 4 (10, 401 is a module 850, 860) Each tape 400.41 is attached on one side while exposed on the other hand.
0, leaving the adhesive side opposite to each light surface 880.
88B to the surface of the respective body facing the body.

When using the assembly 82() of the present invention, the optical barrel is 1'1
88 (+, 88 B), each circular adhesive tape 4 (10, +01 painted on each optical surface 880.88 B
It is attached around p. Next, each module 8
50.860 are fitted snugly into their respective sockets) 885.886. In order to obtain the desired spacing M between the optical module 850 and the analyzer module 860, the socket and tab 889 are glued to the narrow side of the body so that the length T of the keel maintains the correct distance M, as shown in Fig. 2q. You can determine the position before This installation is carried out in the mode shown in FIGS. 2S to 26 for the optical module 850, 860 or module 860 by way of example. is removed from socket tab 889 and from annular tape 40 (1,401) and modules 850, 860 which are adhered to the body at the locations shown in FIG.

After this step, the adhesive cover for the adhesive on the pad 880 is removed and the A4 pad 880 then places the optical cable 8511861 exiting on the pad 880 in place as seen in FIGS. 75 and 30. 881,
Assembled optical module 850.86 using 882
0 and socket) 885.88fS.

In another mounting mode, each optical module 850, 860 is mounted in its respective socket 885, 886, and then the socket is mounted in the vent/flight socket 880 as shown in FIG. . The spacing between slits 881 and 882 thus creates the desired spacing M needed during the measurement operation. This installation is in socket mode.
Force for adhesive of adhesive tube 841 on rib 889/?
-, thyroid cape + (10, + (11 contact 1rll cover, o and cover for adhesive on pad 880,
The respective sockets 885, 886 and the respective modules 8fiO, 8fl (1) are assembled in the manner of FIG. 30. The complete pad-socket module assembly shown in FIG. It is adhered to the body using the adhesive surface of the optical chip 400X401, the adhesive surface of the socket tab 889, and the adhesive surface provided in Para)' 138 (1).

Auxiliary pad 840 is then attached in the manner previously described, followed by a suitable light shielding cape 845 placed over the head and over the portion of the optical cable closest to assembly 820 to provide another ambient light barrier. Provide health.

From the above-described interposition of the second embodiment of the present invention, various advantages over the light source and analyzer mounting apparatus shown in the prior patents will be apparent. One big O0 point is assembly 82
0 to the body, particularly to the head for brain monitoring, without requiring the use of a band as in the 1%4 embodiment. Thus, if it becomes necessary to bend the head away during a surgical or medical procedure, this can be accomplished with the structure of the second embodiment as shown in FIG. be done. Alternatively, if there is no need to bend the head or other parts of the body being monitored, the device of the illustrative invention lends itself to this mode of application as well as the first embodiment.

Each socket)) 185,886 is made of a suitable plastic and can thus be made as a relatively inexpensive single-port component. Additionally, the /f rad 80 along with the auxiliary pad 840 may be disposable, single-purpose components. Thus, by being able to provide these working components in a single-use, single-use, single-use form, the cost associated with cleaning and sterilizing the device of the present invention associated with a surgical or medical procedure is greatly reduced. be done.

The device of the present invention also has the adhesive 8 on the surface of the band 880.
an annular retainer 400 surrounding each optical surface 880, 888 on the module 850, 860, with the diagonal properties of the /f rad 80 fixed by 88 or p;
+01 combinatorial properties have made significant progress in photodetection. Of course, additional reinforcement is provided by the adhesive pad 840 to assist in utilizing the adhesive strip 844.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a body-mounted light source and analyzer according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial sectional view taken along line C 2 in FIG. 7, and FIG. 1 is a plan view of an optical module suitable for the apparatus of FIG. 1; FIG. 1 is an end view of the optical module of FIG. 4; FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-6 of FIG. 3; FIG. 7 is a variation of the first embodiment of the invention utilizing vacuum attachment to the body. Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the light source and analyzer mounted on the body.
The figure is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view taken along the line g in Figure 7;
9 is a plan view of a vacuum optical module suitable for the apparatus of FIG. 7; FIG. 1O is an end view of the optical module of FIG. 9 taken in the direction of line 10--10 of FIG. 9; The figure is a cross-sectional view taken along the line //-// of Figure 9, and Figure 7.2 is the line of Figure 9! 73 is a plan view of a vacuum optical module suitable for the apparatus of FIG. 7, and FIG. 11 is an annular, double-sided pressure sensitive A plan view of one side of the tape, the first left figure is a perspective view of the body-mounted light source and analyzer of the present invention shown attached to the patient's forehead for brain monitoring according to the first embodiment, figure 76; Figure 77 is a plan view of the optical module of the analyzer used in the second embodiment, and Figure 77 is the optical module of the analyzer shown in Figure 7. l? Figure 1g is a bottom view of the optical module of the analyzer shown in Figure 1A, and Figure 79 is a plan view of the optical module of the light source shown in Figure 1B. , Figure 20 is the first
Figure q is a side view of the optical module showing the annular optical barrier pad used with the optical module of the light source shown in Figure 2; Figure 2/ is a bottom view of the light source module shown in Figure 19; Figure 22; FIG. 23 is a side view of the socket for receiving either a light source or an analyzer module and releasably securing it in isolated relation to the body. is a top view of the module socket shown in FIG. 22, FIG. 2'1 is a bottom view of the module socket shown in FIG.
Figure S is an exploded side view showing how the analyzer module of Figure 17 is assembled into the module socket of Figures 2a and 26 is fully seated within the module socket of Figure 2.2. FIG. 27 is a side view of the analyzer module used in the second embodiment of the present invention and in which both the analyzer module and the light source module are attached to their respective sockets by means of socket tabs adhesively secured in isolated relation to the body. Figures 2g and 2g are front views of the pad shown in Figure Ω7, and Figure 29 is a plan view of the light shielding pad that is fixed and shielded after entering the socket. Figures 16 and 79 show how assembled socket tabs are used as a device to precisely isolate optical modules.
A scale plan view of both the analyzer and light source modules shown in FIG. 30 shows how they are assembled in their respective sockets and the spacing of the optical modules is determined by the pad structure of FIG. 27. Figure 76 is a scaled plan view of both the analyzer and light source modules shown in Figures 76 and 7q; 20... Light source and analyzer assembly, 80... Stand support band, 85... Module support, 50... Light source and detector module, 60... Analyzer module, 75
．． 80...Fiber bundle, 100.101...Adhesive tape, 76.81...Optical coupling. -198- FIG, 30

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] It is a spectrometer that performs non-invasive, non-traumatic, harmless, fast, and continuous measurement in vivo, and (aJ) has a light source device, and this light source device has (1)
located external to the body and of different wavelengths within a selected spectral range and weaker than levels that would damage the body and said selected parts thereof, but containing said selected parts thereof and separated by a few centimeters. Light transmission between selected entry and exit points of light placed on adjoining skin surface areas of the body - after transmission through a reflective path, and scattering along said path to and from said selected portion. and (11) a plurality of near-infrared light sources operative in combination with the light sources to transmit light along the path to the selected portion; a device f for producing radiation representing at least seven measurement wavelengths and at least seven reference wavelengths within said spectral range, said measurement wavelengths exhibiting an absorption selected for that purpose in said selected portions; (b) receiving optical radiation emitted by said light source at said measurement wavelength and a reference wavelength and transmitting it to a selected light entry point closest to said body; a first optical cable device consisting of a bundle of optical fibers with selected fibers connected to; a second optical cable system comprising a bundle of optical fibers connected to receive optical radiation and transmit such emitted optical radiation to a processing device; (d) detecting the state of activity from the outputs of said first and second cable systems; producing an electrical output signal representative of the difference in absorption of the measurement wavelength and a reference wavelength by the selected body part as a function; further converting the electrical output signal into a signal that provides a virtually continuous and rapid measurement of the activity; (e) a removable, body-mounted device operative in combination with the light source, first and second optical cables, and the processing device; the body-mounted device comprises: (1) having a selected f set of said isolated light entry/exit points and releasable to the body proximate said selected body portion; (II) an elongated flexible support member fixed to provide ambient light shielding above the light entry/exit point and adapted to conform to the curvature and shape of the body at that location; (II) light shielded to provide ambient light shielding to the support member; a module mounting that is held in said selected body part by a structure and that is capable of changing shape corresponding to the curvature experienced by said support member when secured to the body; a housing for housing a first optical fiber bundle formed by a bundle of optical fibers optically coupled to the first optical cable assembly; Virtually press-fit with said selected light entry point utilizing selected fibers of said bundle to admit light of selected wavelengths to be transmitted, deeply reflected, and scattered to selected parts of the body. (IV) a first preformed optical module having a first light emitting surface adapted to be assembled in a relationship of a second intermediate housing for accommodating a second light guide device made by a bundle of λ modules;
centered on the exterior surface of the housing and several centimeters from the light entry point for receiving and transmitting deep penetrating light radiation reflected and scattered from the selected portion of the body to the selected light exit point; a second light receiver adapted to be mated in a substantially press-fit relationship with the isolated selected light exit point; a first preformed light module having a surface; Device. (2) each said optical module includes an aperture in a respective outer surface of its respective housing surrounding its respective optical surface and means for connecting said aperture to a total vacuum source, thereby 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixation to the point of entry is enhanced by tensioning with an odor aid on the skin surrounding said point. (3) The device according to claim (1), wherein the module is attached so that the structure is removably fixed to the support member. (41(a)) The module mounting comprises: first and second socket structures each having an open mating end and a flexible tag member and providing a hollow wall structure radiating outwardly from said mating end; said first socket structure snaps into an external cable connection portion of a fiber bundle that is associated with said first optical module leading said first optical module housing from a wall of said first socket structure. and the second socket structure receives the first optical module in snug relationship with an external optical cable connection portion of a fiber bundle associated therewith through a wall of the second socket structure. and an adhesive device on a bottom surface of the tag member for securing the tab member to the body in laterally spaced relationship, thereby securing the optical module in the same spaced relationship; b) said elongate flexible support member is adapted to be mounted on said socket structure with a near adhesive surface OIO and a separate module mounted thereon, said contact surface side being in contact with the body; by the adhesive side of the panel so as to cover the tab member and to connect each optical side of the module with a respective optical cable connected to the module on the opposite side of the pad. The spectrophotometric measuring device according to item (1) above, characterized in that it has a flexible light blocking pad for blocking light. (5) During operation of the spectrophotometric measuring device, the %Wf spectrophotometric measuring device according to claim 11, characterized in that the device comprises at least seven auxiliary ambient light shields (61(a)) of the first optical cable device. A bundle of optical fibers is connected to send deep penetrating optical radiation that is reflected back from all skin, bones and tissues within a few millimeters of said selected entry point of light into the processing device. (b) the electrical output signal of the processing device is corrected for blood volume changes in the skin, bone, and tissue during the measurement cycle; and (C) the The bundle of optical fibers of the first preformed optical module receives optical radiation that is directly reflected back from all skin debris, bone, and tissue within a few millimeters of said selected optical entry point. 12. The spectrophotometric measuring device according to claim 11, wherein the other selected fibers of the bundle are combined for t%. (7) The shield pad is made to receive the socket structure in a predetermined isolating relationship; a slit portion of the pad for connection, whereby the shielding 4 is attached to the top of the tag member, while the optical cable associated with the module is exited from the shielding 9 on its outer surface; A spectrophotometric measuring device according to claim (4), characterized in that: (8) at least seven auxiliary ambient light barrier covers adapted to be placed over the first barrier band during operation of the iσ spectrophotometer; The spectrophotometric measuring device according to item (4). (9) The first and second module inner housings have the same size and cylindrical shape, and the socket hollow wall structure has the same size and the same cylindrical shape, and the inner cylindrical container has the same size and cylindrical shape. The socket hollow wall structures are closely mated to the modules and each socket hollow wall structure is slotted for passing a respective fiber bundle exiting each of the modules, and each socket hollow wall structure has a closed end opposite its mating end. Spectrophotometric measurement #C according to claim (4).