JPS5913752B2 - electronic musical instruments - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] 5 This invention creates components of a fundamental wave and its harmonics corresponding to the pitch of an operating key, multiplies each component by an amplitude coefficient corresponding to each component, and synthesizes the multiplied values. Regarding harmonic synthesis electronic musical instruments that form musical tones by
This relates to an electronic musical instrument that can play a mixed chorus of male and female voices.

A. Conventional technology and its drawbacks 15 An example of an electronic musical instrument using a harmonic synthesis method using digital technology is Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 48-90217 (Japanese Patent Publication No.
12172) is typical.

The electronic musical instrument disclosed in JP-A-48-90217 calculates the harmonic amplitude coefficient by which each component of the fundamental wave and its 0 harmonics is multiplied based only on the order of each harmonic (including the fundamental wave). Because the harmonic amplitude coefficient is generated, the harmonic amplitude coefficient does not change at all even if the key pitch changes, and the generated musical tone exhibits so-called moving formant characteristics. For this reason, it has become difficult to generate musical tones with fixed formant characteristics that approximate the musical tones generated by musical instruments that utilize the airways, such as wind instruments. However, in the past, in order to solve such problems, the harmonic amplitude coefficient by which each component of the fundamental wave and its harmonics is multiplied is set in accordance with the frequency of each component. 5) is generated based on the multiplication value of the frequency number (corresponding to the pitch of the operating key) and the order number indicating the order of each harmonic component. The applicant of the present invention has proposed an electronic musical instrument in which the electronic musical instrument is capable of generating electric power. ) However, since the electronic musical instrument of this prior application only generates harmonic amplitude coefficients corresponding to a single type of fixed formant characteristics within the same keyboard, even if the pitch of the pressed key is changed, the harmonic amplitude coefficients are generated in response to a single type of fixed formant characteristics. Only musical tones with fixed formant characteristics can be obtained,
It has become impossible to generate performance sounds such as a chorus of male vowels, a chorus of female vowels, and a mixed chorus of male and female vowels.

On the other hand, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 100713/1982, a vowel signal is formed by a musical sound signal corresponding to a pressed key, a consonant signal is generated only at a certain moment when the key is pressed, and these vowel signals and There are electronic musical instruments that synthesize consonant signals to perform humming or skit, but like the electronic instruments mentioned above, the musical sounds produced by these electronic instruments can only produce a single vowel, and are composed of a chorus of male and female vowels. It had become impossible to generate such performance sounds.

B. OBJECT AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of conventional electronic musical instruments.The purpose of the invention is to produce a male chorus and a female chorus by producing male and female vowels within the same keyboard. To provide an electronic musical instrument capable of generating performance sounds such as , mixed chorus, etc.

To this end, the present invention includes a key range division setting means that divides and sets a plurality of keys in the keyboard section into a key range for producing male or female vowels by an arbitrary key range width, and corresponds to the pitch of the pressed key. a frequency signal generation means for generating a frequency signal indicating the frequency of each harmonic component, and a frequency signal generating means for generating a frequency signal indicating the frequency of each harmonic component; a pressed key range discrimination means for generating a vowel designation signal that designates the pronunciation of the vowel corresponding to the sound range; and each formant frequency of the vowel designated by the vowel designation signal based on the frequency signal generated from the frequency signal generation means. The amplitude information generating means generates amplitude information indicating the amplitude level of the key, and the amplitude information generated from the amplitude information generating means is used as the amplitude coefficient of each harmonic component corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key. Masculine vowels and feminine vowels are generated by key operations within the keyboard.

C. DESCRIPTION OF STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE INVENTION (1) Explanation of the Structure of the Invention FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the invention.

In the figure, 1 is a key switch circuit provided in the keyboard section, which has a key switch corresponding to each key of the keyboard section. When a certain key is pressed, the corresponding key switch operates, and its output line is It outputs the key information KD of logic "F" and also outputs a key-on signal KON indicating that any key has been pressed. 2 stores the frequency number R corresponding to the pitch of each key in each address. The memory 2 is addressed by the key information KD of the key switch circuit 1, and the frequency number R corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key is read from its output.

3 is a clock oscillator that outputs a clock pulse Tc of a constant period; 4 is a counter that divides the clock pulse Tc by w (w: the total number of harmonics to be synthesized at each sample point) and outputs a calculation interval timing signal Tx; 5 is a modulo w counter that counts clock pulses Tc and outputs an order number n (n1 to Nw) indicating the order of each harmonic from its output, and can also be used as the counter 4.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a harmonic component generation circuit that generates each harmonic component including the fundamental wave based on the frequency number R output from the frequency number memory 2, and is a harmonic component generation circuit that generates each harmonic component including the fundamental wave.
A cumulative value QR (q=1, 2, 3... ), and the cumulative value QR inputted through the gate 6c every time a clock pulse Tc is generated is sequentially added to the cumulative value NqR(n-1, 2, 3, . . . ).・・・
- A harmonic section adder 6d outputs w) as a signal indicating the phase of the n-th harmonic at each sample point, and a memory address decoder 6e decodes the accumulated value NqR, and each address is determined by the decoded output. A sine function memory W6 in which the sample point amplitude value corresponding to the accumulated value NqR among the sample point amplitude values of one period of the sine waveform stored in is read out as the sine amplitude value π Sin-NqR of each harmonic.
f.

7 multiplies the order number n output from the counter 5 and the frequency number R output from the frequency number memory 2 to obtain the multiplied value NR. This is a multiplier that outputs as a frequency signal NR indicating the frequency of each harmonic component corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key, and together with the counter 5 constitutes a frequency signal generation circuit 8.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a range division switch (key range division setting means) for dividing and setting each key in the keyboard section into a key range for producing male or female vowels, and an example of the division setting is shown in Fig. 2. show.

In other words, when the range division switch 9 is set to the setting "A", 80% of the total key range is defined as the key range for pronouncing masculine vowels, and the remaining 20% is defined as the key range for producing feminine vowels. . Furthermore, at the setting position "B", 20% is determined as a key range for pronouncing masculine vowels, and the remaining 80% is defined as a key range for producing feminine vowels. Furthermore, at setting position "C", 50% of the key range is defined as the key range for pronouncing masculine vowels, and the remaining 50% is defined as the key range for pronouncing feminine vowels.The key range of the masculine vowels is determined by the symbol As shown by M, the key range of the female vowel is assigned to the low part of the entire key range, and the key range of female vowels is assigned to the high part of the whole key range, as shown by the symbol FM. A pressed key range discrimination circuit that outputs a vowel designation signal M or FM that specifies the pronunciation of the corresponding vowel (masculine vowel or feminine vowel) by discriminating which of the divided key ranges it corresponds to, The frequency number R corresponding to the pressed key pitch is compared with the frequency numbers RA, RB, and RC corresponding to the setting position of the range setting switch 9 to determine which key range the frequency number R corresponds to. .

Reference numeral 11 denotes an amplitude information memory device that outputs amplitude information indicating the amplitude level of each formant frequency of a male vowel or a female vowel specified by the vowel designation signal M or FM based on the frequency signal NR output from the frequency signal generation circuit 8. As shown in detail in FIG. 3, the vowel designation signal M
Read is enabled, and the amplitude information of each formant frequency of the desired male vowel (any one of A, i, u, e, O) stored in each address is read by addressing with the frequency signal NR. Email memo l river 1
a and each formant of a desired feminine vowel (any one of A, i, u, e, O) stored in each address by being read-enabled by the vowel designation signal FM and addressed by the frequency signal NR. The mail memory 11b includes a female memory 11b from which frequency amplitude information is read, and the amplitude information output from the mail memory 11a and the female memo 1b is output as an amplitude coefficient CnR.

In this case, the mail memo 1a contains the amplitude level FnR(a) of each formant frequency, as shown in FIG.
is stored as a digital value at each address.

12 is a sine amplitude value πSin-NqR for each harmonic at each sample point outputted from the harmonic component generation circuit 6 and an amplitude coefficient Cn outputted from the amplitude information memory device 11.
The amplitude value F of each forman π-frequency component is obtained by multiplying by R.
A harmonic amplitude multiplier 13 outputs n=CnR-Sin-NqRw, and a harmonic amplitude multiplier 13 calculates the amplitude value Fn of each formant frequency component output from the harmonic amplitude multiplier 12 for each sample point (
a musical tone signal generation circuit 14 that sequentially accumulates the accumulated W value Σ Fn for each occurrence of the calculation interval timing signal Tx, converts the accumulated W value Σ Fn into a corresponding analog signal, and outputs the n-1 analog signal as a musical tone signal; This is a sound system that generates musical tones based on musical tone signals output from a musical tone signal generation circuit 11.

(2) Description of operation of this embodiment In the electronic musical instrument configured as described above, the mail memory 11a of the amplitude information memory device 11 stores the amplitude level FnR(a) of each formant frequency corresponding to the male vowel a.
is stored, and the amplitude level FnR(u) of each formant frequency corresponding to the female vowel u is stored in the female memory 11b, and the range division switch 9 is set to the "A" setting position. The operation in this case will be explained.

First, when a key on the keyboard section is pressed under the above setting conditions, the key switch circuit 1 outputs key information KD of logic "1" to the output line corresponding to the pressed key.

As a result, the frequency number memory 2 stores this key information KD.
, and outputs a frequency number R corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key. This frequency number R is inputted to the harmonic component generation circuit 6, whereby the sine amplitude value π Sin-NqR of each harmonic (including the fundamental wave) is sequentially and time-divisionally generated from the harmonic component generation circuit 6. Output.

On the other hand, the counter 5 of the frequency signal generating circuit 8 counts the clock pulse Tc and supplies the count output to the multiplier 7 as the order number n.

The multiplier 7 multiplies the frequency number R output from the frequency number memory 2 by the order number n output from the counter 5, and uses the multiplied value NR as a frequency indicating the frequency of each harmonic corresponding to the pitch of the pressed key. Output as signal NR. On the other hand, the pressed key range discrimination circuit 10 converts the frequency number R output from the frequency number memory 2 into a frequency number RA indicating the key range corresponding to the setting position "A" of the range division switch 9.
(frequency number corresponding to the boundary area of the key range to be divided) to determine whether the frequency number R corresponds to a male vowel sounding area or a female vowel sounding area.

For example, if the frequency number R at this time corresponds to the masculine vowel sounding region (R RA), the pressed key range discrimination circuit 10 outputs the vowel designation signal M to the amplitude information memory device 11. do. Then, the amplitude information memory device 1
1, the mail memory 11a is enabled for reading, this mail memory 11a is addressed by the frequency signal NR, and the amplitude information of each formant frequency corresponding to the masculine vowel a is read out from its output and output as the amplitude coefficient CnR. Ru. In this case, the amplitude coefficient CnR output from the amplitude information memory device 11 is the frequency signal N
This frequency signal NR is generated with the clock pulse Tc as a reference. Therefore, the amplitude coefficient CnR is generated in accordance with the frequency number R in the harmonic component generation circuit 6.
The generation timings of the sine amplitude value Sin-NqR for each harmonic and its generation timing are completely synchronized.

Therefore, when the W harmonic amplitude multiplier 12 multiplies the sine amplitude value Sin-NqR of π for each harmonic outputted from the harmonic component generation circuit 6 by the amplitude coefficient CnR, each formant constituting the masculine vowel a is multiplied by the amplitude coefficient CnR. This means that the amplitude value Fn of the frequency component is set.

Therefore, the amplitude value Fn of each formant frequency component of the masculine vowel a obtained in this way is sent to the musical tone signal generation circuit 13 w.
The cumulative value Σ Fn is calculated as follows:
0g signal and then supplying it to the sound system 14,
The sound system 14 produces a male vowel a as a musical tone.

Under similar conditions, when a key corresponding to the sounding area of a female vowel is pressed, the amplitude information memory device 11 outputs the amplitude information of each formant frequency of the female vowel u from the female memory 11b. Tsute sound system 1
From 4 onwards, the musical tone of the feminine vowel u is pronounced. Therefore, when the range division switch 9 is set appropriately and key operations corresponding to the desired chorus sound are performed over the entire keyboard range, the sound system 14 outputs male vowels a and female vowels of various pitches. A musical tone u is produced, and a chorus performance can be performed using the male vowel a and the female vowel u. In the above-described embodiment, the explanation of the application of amplitude envelopes such as attack, decay, and sustain to the generated musical tone has been omitted, but the operation is started by the key-on signal KON output from the key switch circuit 1, and the desired sound An envelope waveform generator that outputs an envelope waveform may be provided, and this envelope waveform may be used to control the amplitude coefficient CnR or the volume within the sound system 14.

D. Another Embodiment of the Electronic Musical Instrument According to the Invention FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the electronic musical instrument according to the invention, which is capable of playing multiple notes and has eight sounding channels and a maximum of eight sounding channels. This allows different types of musical tones to be produced simultaneously.

In this figure, the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same symbols, and the explanation thereof will be omitted. In Figure 5, 15 is the first
The counter 16 has the same structure as the counter 4 shown in the figure, but outputs its count output as a channel allocation signal Ty indicating the calculation time allocation of musical tones in each channel. FIG. 6 shows the time relationship between the clock pulse Tcl channel assignment signal Ty and the calculation interval timing signal Tx. 17 sequentially allocates the key information KD corresponding to the pressed keys outputted from the key switch circuit 1 (in this case, for up to 8 keys) to one of the 8 channels based on the channel allocation signal Ty; Assigned key information K
A key assigner that outputs D as key information KD' in a time-sharing manner (in synchronization with a channel assignment signal Ty),
Time-sharing key information KD/! output from this key assigner 17! It is also supplied to the frequency number memory 2 as an address signal.

Therefore, in this case, the frequency number memory 2 outputs frequency numbers R corresponding to the pitches of a plurality of pressed keys in a time-division manner. 6' is a harmonic component generating circuit which converts the function of the harmonic component generating circuit 6 shown in Fig. 1 into eight channels and can simultaneously generate harmonic components for eight tones. w×8 stage shift register 6'a, and an adder 6 that adds the final stage output of this shift register 6'a and the frequency signal NR and sets the added value to the input stage of the shift register 6'a again. 'b is provided, and in this accumulator 6'c, an accumulated value QnR specifying the phase of the n-th harmonic is formed for each channel,
This cumulative value QnR is decoded by a memory address decoder 6'd, and the sine function memory 6'e is addressed by this decoded output.

Therefore, harmonic sine amplitude values Sin-QnR for a plurality of pressed key tones π heights are outputted from this harmonic component generating circuit 6' sequentially in a time-division manner.

Therefore, in the electronic musical instrument configured as described above, when a key corresponding to the male vowel sounding area and a key corresponding to the female vowel sounding area are pressed at the same time, the sound system 1
From 4 onwards, a composite sound of male and female vowels is produced, thereby making it possible to obtain the performance sound of a mixed chorus of male and female voices. E. Effects of the Invention As explained above, in the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, a plurality of keys on the keyboard section are divided into a male vowel sounding area and a female vowel sounding area, and keys in the divided sound range are pressed. Then, the corresponding masculine or feminine vowel, or a mixed vowel made from a combination of these, is pronounced.

Therefore, it has excellent effects such as being able to obtain performance sounds such as a chorus of male vowels, a chorus of female vowels, and a chorus of mixed vowels by pressing keys on the same keyboard.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the pronunciation key range for male and female vowels, and FIG. 3 is the amplitude information memory shown in FIG. 1. 4 is a diagram showing an example of formant characteristics of vowels stored in the amplitude information memory device shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention. The block diagram shown in FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the time relationship among the clock pulse, channel assignment signal, and calculation interval timing signal in the electronic musical instrument of FIG. 5. 1...Key switch circuit, 6,6'...
・Harmonic component generation circuit, 8... Frequency signal generation circuit, 9... Range division switch, 10...
...Pressed key range discrimination circuit, 11...Amplitude information memory device, 11a...゜...Mail memory, 11b...
...Female Memory, 17...Key Assigner.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A musical tone is formed by creating components corresponding to the fundamental wave and its harmonics constituting a musical tone, multiplying each component by its corresponding amplitude coefficient, and synthesizing the multiplied values. A harmonic synthesis type electronic musical instrument that uses frequency signal generation means for generating a frequency signal indicating the frequency of each component corresponding to the pitch of a pressed key, and a plurality of keys in a key range for producing a male vowel or a female vowel. A key range division setting means to set the division, distinguishing which of the above key ranges divided and set by the key range division setting means the pressed key range corresponds to, and specifying the pronunciation of the vowel corresponding to the key range. a pressed key range discrimination means for generating a vowel designation signal, and amplitude information indicating the amplitude level of each formant frequency of the vowel designated by the vowel designation signal based on the frequency signal generated from the frequency signal generation means; 1. An electronic musical instrument, comprising amplitude information generating means, and the amplitude information generated from the amplitude information generating means is used as an amplitude coefficient for each of the components. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the key range divided and set by the key range division setting means is such that a low range corresponds to a male vowel and a high range corresponds to a female vowel.