JPS59133928A - Method and device for progressive closed forging - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform die forging of a molding having an intricate shape without producing under fill and burrs by forming roughly the top and bottom of a blank material with top and bottom dies, forming roughly the side faces with side dies, and pressing the blank material in a closed state with punches to pack the same in the closed space. CONSTITUTION:A closed forging die is constituted of top and bottom dies 10, 11 which define the shape of the top and bottom surfaces of a molding 1 and plural divided side dies 12, 13, 14, 15 which are positioned between the top and bottom dies and define the shape on the side faces of the molding. The top and bottom surfaces are roughly formed and the side faces are roughly formed, by which the forging die closed with the dies 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 is obtd. The roughly formed material is pressed with punches 16-19 through any of the dies to pack the blank material in the forging die. Thus, the die forging is accomplished.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a die forging method and an apparatus thereof, and is capable of forging with a small forming force without the occurrence of cracks or the like.

In traditional die forging, the material is compression-molded in a pair of forging dies to form continuous forge lines through flow deformation of the material, resulting in products with strong impact stress resistance and high durability. This method has been applied, for example, to the forming of a connecting rod l as shown in FIG.

In the specific W forging method for this joint ♀l, as shown in the process in Fig. 2, a raw material 2 such as a round bar is rough-processed by roll processing etc. in advance to produce a rough-processed material 3. Thereafter, the rod is placed in a pair of upper and lower forging molds, and the upper and lower forging molds are brought together under pressure to forge the connecting rod l.

However, because the forging molds were fitted together under pressure, the material was stretched thinly into the gap between the forging molds, resulting in a gap 4.
A large amount of forming force is required and the yield of the material is poor. Another disadvantage is that in forging equipment such as hammers and presses to which conventional die forging methods are applied, there is only one pressurizing body that pressurizes the forging die, and the forming method is also limited to the use of a pair of forging dies. There is.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate such conventional drawbacks, to provide a sequential closed forging method and an apparatus therefor, which uses a small forming force, does not cause the occurrence of beams, etc., and has no limitations on the forming method. The configuration of the sequential closed forging method that achieves this purpose uses a die in which a forging die corresponding to the shape of the molded product is composed of an upper and lower die and a plurality of side dies, and the upper and lower surfaces of the material are Roughly forming the material with a mold, and then roughly forming the side surface with a side mold, the material is closed with the upper and lower molds and the side mold, and the closed state is pressurized with a punch by plastic flow. The sequential blockage forging device is characterized by filling the space between blocked nitrogen, and furthermore, the structure of the sequential blockage forging device consists of upper and lower molds that are movable and pressurizable relative to each other in the vertical direction and that form the upper and lower surfaces of the material, and A plurality of sides that are movable and pressurizable and that extend over the sides of the material and that are combined with the upper and lower molds between the upper and lower molds to form a closed forging mold that corresponds to the shape of the molded product. It is characterized by comprising a square die, and a punch that penetrates the upper and lower dies or the side dies and pressurizes the material of the closed forging die to fill the forging die.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

FIGS. 3(a), (b) and 4(a) and (b) are structural diagrams of a mold for molding the connecting rod 1 shown in FIG. It is a block diagram of a forging device.

The molds for sequential forging include upper and lower molds 10.11 for forming the upper and lower surfaces of the connecting rod 1, and four side molds disposed between the upper and lower molds 10.11 for forming the side surfaces of the connecting rod 1. Mold],
2, 13, 14, and 15, and when these upper and lower molds 10.11 and side molds 12.13.14.15 are combined, a forging mold corresponding to the shape of the connecting rod 1, which is a molded product, is formed. configured. Further, punches 16, 17, 18, and 19 corresponding to the holes formed in the small end and large end of the connecting rod 1 are provided in the upper and lower molds 10 and 11, respectively.
11, and has the function of forming a hole and filling the closed forging die with material through plastic flow.

These upper and lower molds 10, 11, back molds, and side molds 12 to 15 are successively assembled into a closed forging machine as shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b). That is, a fluid pressure cylinder 20 that is operated by hydraulic pressure or the like and serves as a pressurizing mechanism for the punches 18 and 19 is fixed on a frame (not shown), and the lower mold 11 is identified at the upper end of this fluid pressure cylinder 20, and the piston 21 is A punch 1819 is attached to the upper end, and the punch 1s 919 can be moved up and down and pressurized. Opposing this lower fluid pressure cylinder 20, an upper fluid pressure cylinder 22 is attached via a plurality of support columns 23, and an upper mold 10 is attached to the tip of a piston 24 of this fluid pressure cylinder 22, and It can be moved and pressurized. A cylinder chamber 25 is formed in this piston 24 to form a double cylinder structure, and a punch 16° is attached to the tip of a punch piston 26 fitted in the cylinder chamber 25.

Further, a circular support frame 27 is disposed in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the moving direction of the upper and lower molds 10911 and is fixed to a pedestal. Four fluid pressure cylinders 28, 29, 3 as pressurizing devices are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of this support frame 27.
0.31 is fixed and the side molds 12 to 15 are mounted so as to face each other at the tip of the piston which is slid in the radial direction.

Next, the operation of the sequential closure forging device having such a forging die and the sequential closure forging method will be described.

FIG. 5 is a process diagram for forming a connecting rod.

A round bar or rectangular material 2 is prepared, and without rough machining, the upper and lower surfaces are roughly formed by supplying pressure oil to the fluid pressure cylinder 22 for pressurization with the upper and lower molds 10 and 11. The next processed product is 2a.

Pressure molding is completed in a state where the upper and lower molds xo and xi are separated by the height of the connecting rod 1, which is a molded product, without having the same surfaces in contact with each other.

After this, the upper and lower molds 10 and 11 are kept in a pressurized state 4.
Of the side molds 12 to 15, a pair of side molds 12, 1' 3 facing each other are activated to pressurize the sides of the primary workpiece 2a by operating the fluid pressure cylinders 28, 29, and pressurize the sides of the primary workpiece 2a to produce a secondary workpiece. Processed product 2b
shall be. Furthermore, in this state, that is, the upper and lower molds 10.1
While the first and second side molds 12.13 are pressurized, the remaining 9 two side molds 14.15 are used to press both ends of the connecting rod 1 to form a tertiary processed product 2C. . This tertiary processed product 2Ct
Rough molding is performed until the product is obtained, and the tertiary processed product 2C and upper and lower molds 1
A slight gap 7 is formed between the closed forging dies formed by the side dies 12 to 15 of 0.11 and 4''.

In this way, the upper and lower molds 10 and 11 and the four side molds 12
After the closed forging die is formed in steps 15 to 15, punches 16 to 19 can be punched through the upper and lower molds 10 and 11 to fill the gap with the tertiary workpiece 2c by plastic flow and to form a hole. is actuated and pressurized by fully supplying pressure oil to the fluid pressure cylinder 20 and cylinder chamber 25. As a result, the forging die is completely filled with the raw material 2, and the connecting rod 1 is obtained as a molded product with no underfilling or bulk.

Further, unlike the conventional method, the material 2 does not need to be rough-processed in advance by rolling or the like, and can be die-forged in a series of steps.

Next, as another embodiment of the present invention, molding of a bladed shaft 400 shown in FIG. 6 will be described.

This bladed shaft 40 has upper and lower molds and punches 4i and 42, which also serve as elements with a diameter that is approximately the same as the shaft diameter, and three side molds that are divided into three in the circumferential direction, each having a mold corresponding to the shape of the side surface. Mold 43
v4.4, 45, these upper and lower molds/punches 41, 42, and side molds 43, 44, and 45 are pressurizing mechanisms having approximately the same configuration as the sequential closing device shown in Fig. 4. They are installed respectively.

In sequential closed forging, as shown in Fig. 8, first, a round bar material is inserted between the upper and lower molds/punch 41.42 and the three side molds 43, 44.45. The rough forming step using the upper and lower molds is omitted, and the side molds 43 to 45 are extruded by a pressurizing device so that they are still in contact with each other.

After this, while the side dies 43 to 45 are kept under pressure, the upper and lower dies and punches 41 and 42 are operated to pressurize the material and form a closed forging die, which inflates the center of the material and closes it. A bladed shaft 40 is formed along the material-filled forging die by plastic flow in the forging die.

In this case, by matching the weight of the material to the weight of the product, it is possible to obtain a product without underfilling and without the occurrence of beams.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the products shown in the above two embodiments, but can be widely applied to products that are formed by die forging.

As explained above in detail along with the examples, according to the method of the present invention, there are upper and lower molds that determine the shape of the upper and lower surfaces of the molded product, and a mold that is located between the upper and lower molds and that determines the shape of the side surfaces of the molded product. A closed forging mold was constructed with a plurality of side molds divided in the defined circumferential direction, and the upper and lower surfaces were roughly formed, and the side surfaces were roughly formed and closed with these molds.

After forming the forging die, the rough formed material is pressurized with a punch through one of the two dies, filling the forging die with the material, making it possible to create products with complex shapes, regardless of whether they are symmetrical or asymmetrical. A molded product can be die-forged without causing underfilling or cracks. In addition, since the parts are forged partially, the contact area between the mold and the material is small, and the molding can be performed with a small molding force, and no cracks are generated, so there is no need for a corresponding molding force. Furthermore, the material can be die-forged in a series of steps without having to be rough-processed in advance by rolling or the like.

On the other hand, according to the apparatus of the present invention, since a pressure mechanism is provided in each of the upper and lower molds and the plurality of side molds, the forming method is not limited, and the sequentially closed group forging apparatus described above can be implemented, and underfilling and filleting can be avoided. It is possible to easily obtain precision forged products.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a connecting rod to which the present invention is applied, Figure 2 is a process diagram of a conventional die forging method, and Figure 3 (a).
(b) is a schematic configuration diagram and a l1l-11i arrow raft diagram of an embodiment of the sequential closed forging method of the present invention and a mold used in the device, and FIG. 4(a) <b) is a sequential closed forging method of the present invention FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view and I”/PJ arrow view of an embodiment of a forging device; FIG. 5 is a process diagram of an embodiment of the sequential closed forging method of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. Another example is a perspective view of a bladed shaft; FIGS. 7(a) and 7(Cb) are a cross-sectional view and a vn-vn sectional view of a mold utilizing a bladed blade; and FIG. 8 is a sequential closed forging of a bladed shaft. This is a process diagram of the method. In the drawing, 1.40 is the molded product, 10.11 is the upper and lower mold, 12.13, 14D15 is the side mold, 16.17.18.19 is the punch, 20.22, 28, 29, 30.31 are fluid pressure cylinders, 41.4:2 is an upper and lower mold/punch, and 43, 4.4, 45 are side molds.Patent applicant Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Shibu Mitsuishi (and 1 other person) Figure 4 to) (b)

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Using a die in which a forging die corresponding to the shape of the molded product is composed of an upper and lower die and multiple side dies, the upper and lower surfaces of the material are roughly formed with the upper and lower dies, and then the side dies Sequential closure is characterized in that the material is closed in the upper and lower molds and the side molds while the side surface is roughly formed, and the closed space is filled with plastic flow while the material in the closed state is pressurized with a punch. Forging method. (2) The upper and lower molds are movable and pressurizable relative to each other in the vertical direction and mold the upper and lower surfaces of the material, and the upper and lower molds are movable and pressurizable in the horizontal plane to form the upper and lower surfaces of the material. A plurality of side molds that are combined with the upper and lower molds to form a closed forging mold corresponding to the shape of the molded product between the molds, and a plurality of side molds that penetrate the upper and lower molds or the side molds and are in a closed state. and a punch which pressurizes the material in the forging die to fill the forging die.