JPS59127369A - Battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the life of a battery by preventing any difference in the concentration of electrolyte by specifying the structure of a conductor and providing the battery with a stirring mechanism. CONSTITUTION:A rotor 7 consisting of a magnetic substance 6 is installed inside the intermediate section 5 of a conductor 5 which opens into the upper part (U) and the lower part (L) of an electrolyte layer; the intermediate section 5 is located in a space 0 provided outside the battery. The rotor 7 has spiral form and its top and bottom are supported by bearings 8 and 8'. The rotor 7 can have one of various shapes and, for example, a vane-wheel-like shape is possible. In order to rotate the rotor 7, it is convenient to rotate a magnetic field electrically by means of a coil 9 and it is possible to rotate the magnet mechanically. By the means mentioned above the concentrational difference between the upper and the lower parts of the electrolyte can be greatly decreased.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention is applicable to batteries with relatively high concentrations of acid, such as lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, nickel-iron batteries, and alkaline batteries such as air-metal electrification batteries. This invention relates to improvements in batteries that use alkali or alkali as an electrolyte.

Conventional Structures and Problems Lead-acid batteries and alkaline batteries use relatively highly concentrated acid or alkaline aqueous solutions as electrolytes. The reason for this is that there is a region with high ionic conductivity in the high concentration region of 30 to 40% by weight (hereinafter simply referred to as candy) of sulfuric acid and caustic potassium, and especially in lead-acid batteries, sulfuric acid is one of the active materials itself. This is often the case with batteries, which increases corrosion of the current collector,
There is a tendency for the active material to soften and fall off.

By the way, when a battery is charged and discharged for a long time, or in some cases left unused or discharged for a long time, the electrolyte concentration changes from being dilute at the top of the battery to being concentrated at the bottom. At that time, extensive corrosion and weakening of the active material are observed at the bottom of the electrode plate.

Such concentration non-uniformity probably causes concentration non-uniformity in each part due to non-uniform reaction distribution, and furthermore, before concentration uniformity due to interdiffusion is achieved, it rearranges according to specific gravity and the lower part becomes higher. concentration, top) 7) S is low concentration K tlp
It seems that this is a situation where he was attacked.

Unfortunately, this kind of concentration non-uniformity cannot be resolved even after opening for a long time. Therefore, stirring is generally the easiest method to solve this problem, and in the past, a screw was inserted from the liquid stopper of the battery, or a screw was placed in a part of the electrolyte layer to create a morph. was stirring. However, although there is generally space at the top and bottom of the battery, there is no space at the center where the electrode plates are loaded (C), and even if a screw is provided, it can only be placed at the top or bottom and stirred (d). , "The equalization of the liquid concentration in the two parts cannot be separated.

In fact, if the screw 15h is guided to the outside, it will be necessary to seal the rotating shaft Ql+ liquid-tightly, and a solution to this problem must also be taken.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned vertical non-uniformity of the electrolyte layer and improve the life characteristics.

Structure of the Invention The present invention first opens the second part and the lower part of the liquid layer in the battery.
The other structure is characterized in that it constitutes a closed conduit section, in which 11 screw-type impellers are arranged in a continuous manner, and a rotor is provided with a magnetic material sealed inside. Of the two configurations, the conduit structure is designed to ensure the efficiency of movement between the parts that are to be made uniform in the upper and lower parts, and to avoid unnecessary rotation of screws in the wide parts of the upper and lower parts. It is. Under this consideration, -1-
Efficiently move liquid from the bottom or from the bottom to the top.

Basically, the internal rotor simply includes a magnetic material, so the power to rotate the rotor can be obtained by rotating a magnet from the outside. The power transmission part including the external magnet may be provided integrally with the battery case, or may be provided removably.
It is completely independent and can be operated as needed.

Next, in order to further facilitate the operation of power transmission from the outside, a part of the conduit section is installed so as to pass through the external space of the battery case, and at least one of the magnetic materials of the rotor is placed in this external passage section. It is best to adopt a configuration in which a section is installed. Furthermore, it is possible to design a design in which the external magnetic field is rotated by concentrically wrapping this external via portion.

This magnetic field can be rotated by rotating the magnet itself or by electrically rotating the magnetic field.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows an example of the structure of a lead-acid battery to which the present invention is applied. 1
is a battery case, 2 is an electrode plate group consisting of positive and negative electrodes and a separator,
3 is an electrolyte layer. In the present invention, five conduit sections 4 are provided here. The conduit part 4 opens at the upper part U and the lower part of the electrolyte layer,
Everything else is true” – better to shut it down. Note that although some openings are allowed, this may reduce efficiency.

In this embodiment, a conduit 4 passes through the battery external space 0, and a rotor 7 with a magnetic material 6 disposed inside this passage part 5 is connected to the rotor 7.
I'J is getting better. The rotor 7 has a helical shape, and the lower part and the second part are supported by bearings 8.8"C.

The rotor can have various shapes; for example, it may have the shape of an impeller (screw) as shown in FIG.

Now, in order to rotate the rotor 7, it is convenient to rotate the magnetic field electrically with the coil 9 as shown in Figure 3, but it is also possible to rotate the magnet mechanically. There are no restrictions on the method.

Battery A is a battery in which the above configuration is applied to a lead-acid battery with a vertical length of 60 cm, and in comparison to this, battery B is a battery B in which the conduit portion of the present invention is not provided at the upper and lower parts of the electrolyte, but a stirring screw is provided. , and constitutes a battery C having no stirring means at all,
60% discharge and 120% charge were repeated at a rate of 5 hours, and after 2 o cycles, the upper and lower electrolytes were separated and the specific gravity of the sulfuric acid aqueous solution was measured, and the values shown in the following table were obtained. .

As is clear from the results below, with the configuration of the present invention, the difference in concentration of the electrolyte solution was significantly reduced. In addition, when observing the electrode plate after 100 cycles, '1Jj
In ponds B and C, softening and falling off of the active material was observed in the lower part, but in battery A, this was not observed in the head at this point.

Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, it is not only possible to simply stir as in the past;
The configuration of the conduit and the configuration that provides the stirring function can eliminate differences in electrolyte concentration and improve battery life.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1st +;++a A vertical cross-sectional view of a lead-acid battery according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the rotor, and No. 31 is a perspective view showing an example of a device for rotating a magnetic field. 3... Electric liquid, 4... Conduit part, 6...
...magnetic material, a...rotor t 9...coil. Name of one person: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and one other person Figure 1 Figure 2 ＼℃ N7

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A conduit section that is open at the top and bottom of the electrolyte layer in the battery and closed at the rest, and a rotor that is located within the conduit section and is made of an electrolyte-resistant material that contains a magnetic material in a liquid-tight manner. A battery characterized by a bridge. (2) A part of the conduit section passes through the space outside the battery, and -
12. The battery according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the magnetic part of the rotor is provided in the external transit section. (3) The battery according to claim 2, which includes a rotary power transmission device that rotates a magnetic field concentrically around a conduit portion passing through a space outside the battery.