JPS59122203A - Printed antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To radiate radio waves in a direction parallel to a printed board and opposed to a power supply circuit side by forming the shape of a wide thin film conductor like a polygon, short-circuiting the power supply circuit side with an earth conductor and making the opposite end surface close to the end surface of the printed board. CONSTITUTION:The earth conductor 3 consisting of a thin film conductor is formed on one surface of the printed board 1, a wide thin film conductor 2 is formed on the other surface and a power supply line 4 consisting of a strip line is formed on one end of the conductor 2. An end surface P on the opposite side of the power supply line 4 of the wide thin film conductor 2 is formed so as to be close to the end surface Q of the printed board 1, the shape of the wide thin film conductor 2 is formed like a polygon and galvanized through holes 8 are formed on the power supply circuit side. The printed board 1 is shoft-circuited with the earth conductor 3 through said through holes 8 and the end surface P of the wide thin film conductor 2 almost coincides with the end surface Q of the printed board 1, so that the electric field shown as 5 in the figure is formed and radio waves are radiated in the direction of (x). In addition, the end surface is formed like a polygon, generating a pattern with wide beam width.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a printed antenna using a printed circuit board.

A phased array antenna requires an element antenna that is small, lightweight, and has a wide beam width1. A printed antenna is an example of such an element antenna.

Figure 1 shows a conventional printed antenna. In Figure 1, (1) is a printed circuit board, (2) is a wide thin film conductor,
(3) is a ground conductor whose entire surface is made of a thin film conductor.

(4) is a feed line formed by a slit pline, (5) is the direction of the electric field, 2 is the direction perpendicular to the printed circuit board, and X is the slit pline.

The direction is parallel to the lint board and opposite to the feed line (4). The antenna in this building radiates radio waves in two directions. The principle will be explained using FIG.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, in which (1) is a printed circuit board, (2) is a wide thin film conductor, (3) is a ground conductor whose entire surface is formed of a thin film conductor, (5a) and ( 5b) is the direction of the electric field, 2 is the direction perpendicular to the printed circuit board, or the direction parallel to the printed circuit board and opposite to the feed line (4) I EXa
and EXb are the X components of electric fields (5a) and (5b), and similarly E
Za and "Zb are Z components, Ha and Hb are magnetic field components92
The direction is perpendicular to the page and points out of the page. Radio energy is expressed as the cross product of electric and magnetic fields.

If the electric and magnetic fields are perpendicular to each other, radio waves will be radiated in the direction perpendicular to the plane created by the electric and magnetic fields, that is, in the second direction.

Now, as shown in FIG. 3, the phased array antenna consists of a module (6) composed of functional parts such as a phase shifter and an amplifier, and the aforementioned printed circuit board (1).

Wide thin film conductor (2), ground conductor (3) and feed line (4)
) consists of a printed antenna (7).

In Figure 3, (6) is the module, and (7) is the IJ
7 antenna, al and a2 are the dimensions of the module, C is the connector that connects the module (6) and the printed antenna (7), and F is the feeding point.

When the above-mentioned printed antenna is used as a phased array antenna, the element spacing becomes narrow due to wide-angle beam scanning, so the module dimensions (al) and (a2) need to be small, and failure of module (6), etc. Due to the need to facilitate exchange.

The size of the printed antenna (7) is the module dimension a
1 and a2 must be made smaller. In that case,
There are the following problems.

(1) Impedance matching becomes difficult due to restrictions on the position of the feed point F.

(2) Depending on the position of the connector C, the printed antenna (7) may not be housed within the module dimensions a1 and a2.

(3) The power supply line that connects the wide thin film conductor (2) and the module (6) is parallel to each other, so there is a space force for matching.
1 a.

Therefore, 2. This invention replaces the conventional printed antenna.

By aligning the substrate surface with the longitudinal direction of the module (6), the above drawbacks are eliminated, and radio waves are radiated in a direction parallel to the substrate and opposite to the feed line.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

In Figure 4, (1) is a printed circuit board, (2) is a wide thin film conductor with a polygonal shape, (3) is a ground conductor whose entire surface is made of thin film conductor, and (4) is a feed line formed by a strip line. , (5) is the direction of the electric field, (8) is through-hole plating, and X is parallel to the printed circuit board (1) and the feed line (
4) in the opposite direction, y is parallel to the printed circuit board (1) and
The direction is perpendicular to . This has a wide thin film conductor (2) on the opposite side of the feed line (4) close to the end surface of the printed circuit board (1), and has a polygonal shape.

The null hole plating (8) is short-circuited to the ground conductor, and the end face P of the wide thin film conductor and the end face Q of the printed circuit board almost coincide, so an electric field as shown in (5) is generated.
Radio waves are emitted in the X direction. This principle will be explained using FIG. 5.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 4. In Figure 92, (1) is a printed circuit board, (2) is a wide thin film conductor, (3) is a ground conductor whose entire surface is made of thin film conductor, and (5) is a ground conductor formed entirely of thin film conductors. ) is the direction of the electric field.

2 is the direction perpendicular to the printed circuit board (1), or the direction parallel to the printed circuit board (1) and opposite to the feed line (4).Exc and Exe are the X components of the electric field I.
28 is the two components of the electric field, Ho, Hli and H8 are the components of the magnetic field, which are perpendicular to the plane of the paper and directed into the plane of the paper. The energy of radio waves is expressed as the cross product of the electric field and the magnetic field.

In the case of FIG. 5, radio waves are radiated in the X direction.

Now, the effect of having a polygonal end cut will be explained using FIG. 6.

In Figure 6, (1) is a printed circuit board, (2) is a wide thin film □ conductor 2 (8) is through-hole plating, 11N is a polygonal end face, and B1 to Bu are patterns radiated from each end face. , B is a composite pattern, X is a direction parallel to the printed circuit board (]) and opposite to the feed line, and y is a direction parallel to the printed circuit board (1) and perpendicular to X. As shown in Fig. 6, each end face has a pattern of JB1 to BW.

A turn occurs, and the result looks like B. therefore,
This is a printed antenna that has a pattern with a wide beam width in the y direction.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the invention. In FIG. 7, (1) is a printed circuit board, and (2) is a wide thin film conductor, which has a triangular shape. (3) is a ground conductor whose entire surface is made of a thin film conductor, (4) is a stripline feed line, (5) is the direction of the electric field, (8) is through-hole plating, and 11 and 12 are the end faces of each side or printed substrate(
1) is the direction opposite to the feed line, and y is the direction parallel to the printed circuit board (1) and perpendicular to X.

This is a wide thin film conductor (2) opposite the feed line (4).
) is placed close to the end surface of the printed circuit board (1), and its shape is triangular.

The through-hole plating (8) is short-circuited to the ground conductor, and the end face P of the wide thin film conductor 7 and the end face Q of the printed circuit board almost coincide, so an electric field as shown in (5) is generated.
Radio waves are emitted in the X direction. This principle is the same as the explanation of FIG. 5 above.

Now, the effect of having a triangular end face will be explained using FIG. 8.

In Figure 8, (1) is a printed circuit board, (2) is a wide thin film conductor, (8) is through-hole plating, B1 and B2 are patterns radiated from their respective end faces, and B is a composite pattern or a printed circuit board (1 ) and opposite to the feed line, and y is parallel to the printed circuit board (11 and perpendicular to , the combination is as shown in B. Therefore, the printed antenna has a pattern with a wide beam width in the y direction.

FIG. 9 shows still another embodiment of the present invention, in which the triangle shown in FIG. 7 is transformed into a trapezoid. In FIG. 9, (1) is a printed circuit board.

(2) is a wide thin film conductor with a trapezoidal shape, (3) is a ground conductor whose entire surface is made of thin film conductor, (4) is a feed line formed by a strip line, (5) is the direction of the electric field, (8) )
is through-hole plating, X is parallel to the printed circuit board (1) and opposite to the feed line (4), y is the printed circuit board (1)
The direction is parallel to and perpendicular to X. Radio waves in the direction of X.

The principle of radiation is the same as in the previous embodiment.

Next, regarding the effect of having a trapezoidal end face,
This will be explained using FIG.

In FIG. 8, (1) is a printed circuit board, (2) is a wide thin film conductor, (8) is through-hole plating, 111.
12.1!6 is the end face of each side, B1. B2r”
3 is the pattern radiated from each end face, and B is the composite pattern.

X is parallel to the printed circuit board and opposite to the power supply line.

y is a direction parallel to the printed circuit board and perpendicular thereto. As shown in FIG. 8, 5. Patterns E11 to B3 are generated, and their composition is as shown in B.

This results in a printed antenna having a pattern with a wide beam width in the y direction. Therefore, according to the second invention, the fourth
The printed antenna shown in the figure is parallel to the printed circuit board and can radiate radio waves in a direction opposite to the feed line, so the printed circuit board surface and the longitudinal direction of the module can be aligned.

Therefore, since in-begence matching can be performed on the feed line (4) shown in FIG. 4, there is no restriction on the feed point, and since the space for matching is taken up in the longitudinal direction, there is no problem.

Unlike conventional antennas, there is no need to move the connector position to match, so the module size is a1.
and a2, the configuration of the element antenna becomes easy, and at the same time, it has the effect of providing a pattern with a wide beam width.

Note that 2 and above are cases in which the wide thin film conductor and the end face of the printed circuit board do not match, but the same applies even if they do, and the method of shorting is not limited to through-hole plating, but also the method of driving pins, etc. , MIC! A method such as shorting the line may also be used.

Further, in the present invention, a case has been described in which the shape of the wide thin film conductor and the shape of the printed circuit board are similar, but they do not need to be similar.

As described above, the printed antenna according to the present invention is capable of emitting radio waves in a pattern parallel to the printed circuit board with a wide beam width in the direction opposite to the feed line, and also in a pattern with a wide beam width in the plane perpendicular to the feed line. It has the effect of

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 shows a conventional printed antenna, Fig. 2 shows the radio wave radiation principle of the printed antenna shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 shows the module and radiating element of the phased array antenna, Fig. 4 5 is a diagram showing the radiation principle of radio waves of the printed antenna shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the principle of pattern synthesis of the printed antenna shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the principle of pattern synthesis of the printed antenna shown in FIG. 7. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing still another embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 0 is a diagram showing the principle of pattern synthesis of the printed antenna shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 (I) is a printed circuit board, and (2) is a thin film conductor. (3) is the ground conductor, (4) is the feed line, (5) is the direction of the electric field, (6) is the module, (7) is the printed antenna,
(8) is through-hole plating. In the two figures, the same or corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals. Agent Makoto Kuzuno - Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 ■ Figure 7 j f7 Figure 6 D Figure 8 (2) Figure 10 Figure 9

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (11) A ground conductor is formed by a thin film conductor on one surface of a printed circuit board, and a wide conductor is formed by a thin film conductor on the other surface, and one end of the wide conductor. In a printed antenna with a feeder circuit formed using a strip line,
The end face of the wide conductor opposite to the power supply circuit side is brought close to the end face of the printed circuit board, the shape of the wide thin film conductor is polygonal, and the power supply circuit side of the wide conductor is short-circuited with the ground conductor. In particular, a printed antenna characterized in that it is configured to be parallel to a printed circuit board and to radiate radio waves in a direction opposite to the feeding circuit side. (2) The printed antenna according to claim (1), wherein the wide thin film conductor has a triangular shape. (3) The printed antenna according to claim (1), wherein the wide thin film conductor has a trapezoidal shape.