JPS5911833A - Eye inspecting system - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for examining the eye.
7 automatic perimeter methods used in C visual field testing 1
This is related to this.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Tests on the human optic kidney are used to diagnose glaucoma, optic nerve disease,
It is an extremely important diagnostic tool used to identify and analyze diseases and defects of the retina and one-sided channels, such as double sclerosis and optic nerve compression. Traditionally, such tests have been performed using a manual visual field testing instrument known as a perimeter. Manual foreclosure metering requires the labor of a private physician or a skilled technician. In the most widely used version (the Coldman method), the patient is seated with his or her head clamped into place, eliminating any additional uncertainties in head movement. There must be one. Current widely used procedures unduly fatigue medical personnel and test results may be inconsistent or The playback is either stopped or cannot be played, or both.

Furthermore, automatic perimeter meters have recently become commercially available and in use. However, even these basically use the Coldman method, and the control of the microprocessor (c microprocessor) is
RL+ is included.

In the Coldman method, the patient's head is tied to a headrest and placed on a hemispherical screen C.
They are requested to sit down at the curtain (curtain). In this way, the subject must maintain a fixed seated position throughout the examination. The focus is on the "fixed point" in the center of the screen.
Constantly fix your eyes on. The test may last some time between 20 minutes and 1 hour. A small dot of light of varying intensity, size and color is projected onto the screen, and its position can be changed by the operator. 1. An IC device in which light is moved radially between the circle 1ii'l of the patient's field of vision and the center. The limits of visibility are determined based on the patient's indication of when the point of light enters or exits the field of view. During the test, the bτ inspector must constantly keep an eye on the person to ensure that the person's eyes are fixed on the center of the screen.

If the field of meditation is wandering and not fixed at one fixed point (C), the test is worthless.
Examination of the optic renal range using the Coldman method, which is available in the mountains, is basically subjective.

It is true. It depends, to a large extent, on the skill of the examiner, the fatigue level of the patient, and the effectiveness of the examiner in interacting with the patient.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a new and improved perimeter system in which the aforementioned disadvantages are substantially reduced or overcome.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present invention, a perimetry method for automatically testing a patient's visual field is provided. The method consists of the following also θ). means for projecting a spot of light onto the screen to be seen by the patient; means for projecting a spot of light onto the screen to be seen by the patient; eye position monitoring means to ensure fixation of the patient's eyes over the center of the screen; scanning means to scan points on the screen; and tm of the patient's head during the examination. h. A helmet that is folded over the patient's head to support the screen means, the examination point projection means, the eye position monitoring means, and the scanning means so that the appearance of the plaster does not affect the plaster results.

Further features of the invention include a microprocessor (C microprocessor) for automatically controlling the scanning means and interpreting data from the eye, eye position monitoring means during the examination. Yet another feature of the present invention provides a means for employing a method of further examination of the eye in addition to visual inspection.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION In FIG. 1, the messenger 0'') using a lacing means, generally shown as lace 14, is tied with a lace on the head 13:
The method 11 is shown as including a helmet 12. Helmet 12 is shown as a hemispherical structure extending over a patient's face. In FIG. 1, the helmet 12 is shown partially in section to show its interior. Inside the helmet is a hemispherical n-screen, designated by M16. The inside surface of the helmet can serve as a screen. There is an electromechanical system 17, shown mounted on the helmet, which is designed to move a light spot to various positions on the screen and which, according to a program, moves a mirror scanner 18 to +1 fJl. Including means of sludge. A spot is also generated by a spot generating optical device 19 attached to the helmet.

Means are provided for determining the center 1 of the screen (which the patient's eye is not attached to).

More specifically, by means of a box 21 mounted on the outer periphery of the helmet device, military pneumatic monitoring or detection means are generally indicated. A cable 22 is used as a general support 23 and as a lumbar cord that connects to the console-mounted helmet shown.

The conosole device 23 includes means for generating the light used by the optical system to the helmet.

The light source monks are generally shown as flocks 24. The cable that directs light from block 24 to the helmet and its equipment tubes includes a fiber optic cable system 25.

It deserves attention. ) and the mutual surface 11) in the lock 26 and a suitable console, shown generally as the block 27,
The console also includes a CRT screen with a CRT screen. Connected to block 27 and not shown is a keyboard arrangement 28 for entering information into the system. Block 29 to display the hard copy output device.
It is shown. Acid copy output provides doctors with a permanent record of the test. Vτ while the patient is sitting, standing or lying down
, inspection can be carried out using a helmet.

Father, rather than using a helmet, any movement of the head will miss the spot and therefore not destroy the test, so the test will be done much faster. Do J.

FIG. 2 shows details of the cheek eye position detector 21. It works by detecting and determining the position of light reflected from the patient's eye. Detection is shown as consisting of two teeth (31), one tooth (1). The box has verticals 132 and slats 133. Means for detecting infrared images of the eye are mounted both vertically and horizontally 11i++. In detail, photodiode arrays 34 and 36 are shown. For example, manufactured by Reteicon Cambany υ in the United States) 1. / This self-running photodiode array, such as RL-64P No. J5, is a commercial V, and can be done by hand.

Wholesale is 64 light sensitive width end (light sensor) σ) row-C,
'D) Ro. Each sensing field is 50 x 5 (1 micron) in size. The photosensitive sensor has columns 34 and 36, respectively, with windows 37 and 38, respectively, which allow the light to shine on it. are not shown. One column displays the horizontal position of the eye; - the universal column displays the vertical position of the eye.

When exposed to infrared light, due to the reflection from the retina,
In the pupil, the reflected image of the eye is bright.

The iris reflex is distinctly darker. In this way, the 0 method can detect the pupil size within about 0.3 degrees and the eye orientation within 1 degree in each dimension. In this way, some of the eye position detectors can be used to provide the diagnostician with extremely valuable additional Jr.D. information. The eye position detector 21 also includes a fiber optic light guide 39 which is attached to the unit 21 as part of the cable 22 . In addition, an electrical pull 41 is brought to unit 21 to provide power to the photodiode string stops. To the person's eye 44, through the lens 43,
The light reflected by the mirror 42 is transferred to the fiber optic light guide 3.
9 is transmission zuro. The light reflected from the eye is passed through a light splitter (
Beam splitter) - transmitted through the receiving lens 116. Windows 37 and 3 allow the light train to determine the position of the eye with respect to the horizontal and vertical axes.
Point the reflected light towards 8 with a beam splitter.

The outputs of the column j) are returned through the cable 41 to the console where they are processed. They should form the basis for determining the position of the eyes. A: If the patient is not fixed firmly or on the center, therefore, when the test result is not valid, the test will be automatically stopped and the test will be stopped and the test will be shown to the patient. . The test resumes when the patient fixes his gaze on the center. This means fixing on points other than the central screen -a:
L <The part that can be monitored can record the movement of the eyes. During the test, the microprocessor determines and records the pupil size based on the output of the first column.

Screen 16 is shown in FIG. 2 positioned relatively close to the eye. In the preferred embodiment, the distance between the screen and the eyes is 10.9 meters. Thus, Figure 2 is clearly not to scale.

Figures 2 and 3 show details of the electromechanical unit 17 for scanning or moving the light spot (light spot) and the optical optics 19 for controlling the size and focus of the light spot. The optical system 19 is mounted in a special fiber optic mounting bracket 49 and consists of a fiber optic light guide 48. The end 51 of the fiber optic cable is positioned so as to transmit the light coming through the point sizing means, such as the aperture 50f'), to the focusing lens 52! There are 1. Light spot (
Lens holder assembly 53 that allows focusing with
In the middle, the bτ-lens 52 is removed.

Flaket 49 includes a barb arrangement for tightening end 51 of fiber optic conductor 48 . By means such as mounting fasteners 57, the helmet 12K is attached to the base unit 56K, and the four flakets are connected to the helmet 12K. A lens holder assembly is mounted within the groove 62 in the base unit 56.

Means are provided to control the size of the spots. Specifically, it can be rotatably attached to the base unit 56 using the disk unit 61 or the screws 58. This disc unit 61 has a circular row of apertures 50 through its fins.゛Those openings are
It has various diameters and the size of the light spot! Mll ml. In this way, optical fiber
The disc unit is rotated in such a way that an aperture is positioned below the end 51 of the light guide 48 to obtain the desired size of the light spot.

A fitting may be provided to determine the size of the light spot to an alternative: 1L. For example, a fiber optic bundle could be used in which the fibers at the output end are arranged in concentric rings.

At the input end, the fiber bundle will split into smaller bundles, and each input will correspond to a particular output link. By selectively illuminating the desired input branches in this manner, output points of variable size may be obtained. This variable size output point provides a variable test point size.

It will be visualized on the screen.

A tool device 63 is provided for tightening and fixing the disk position. Further, in detail, a clamp 64 is attached to an arc-shaped member 66 fixed to the circumference of the disk. A clamp 64 is attached to the base unit by a tightening screw means such as a threaded wire clamp 67. A clamping tool 64 is tightened in place on 56.

This holds the disk in the desired position with the selected point size.

System 17 was defeated at 6°8 to allow light to enter.
The lens holder assembly is positioned such that light strikes a mirror 71 within the tubular unit 69 of the lens holder assembly. Position the screen as required by moving the mirror 71 vertically and horizontally while the light falls on the mirror so that the reflected point of light moves according to a definite block diagram.
A scanning means is provided. The scanning means is ideally suited for scanning helmets 12 as it is lightweight and efficient.

The mechanical scanning device 17 consists of a base 72. Watame tool 7: Use the arm to attach the base 7 to the light spot generation unit base 56.
Two or several phrases have been said. It is fastened to the base 72 with a threaded wire fitting 74, and the fastening can be done by means 49.

It houses a cylindrical l\69/mirror/hinu casting assembly. The mirror 71 is mounted so as to rotate vertically and horizontally)
1. ing. A stepped motor 77 rotates the mirror 71 around a horizontal axis 76 . The rotation of the shaft 78 to which the gear 79 is attached is controlled by the fastener 81 to the motor 77 with a single stage.
wakes up.

A gear 82 is fixed to the axle 76 and causes rotation of the axle 76 and thus rotation of the mirror 71 about a horizontal axis.

The bearing means 83 and 84 are 1. In the rotation of Il!
Support 1II78. In fixing the position of the mirror relative to the cutout 68, member 87 assists in tightening the bearing assembly. Thus, the bearing assembly 83 is tightened by a set screw (C set screw) passing through the member 87.

The mirror is rotated around the shaft of the proposal 78 and the giant H Yu by the step-sized motor 91. Band coupler (held coupler)
The shaft of the single-stage motor 91 rotates through the belt-driven transport 92 through the shaft 93 . Rotation of axle 92 rotates mirror holding unit 94.

Further, in detail, the wheel 92 is fixed to a collar 96. This ring 961 is in turn fixed to a hollow cylindrical shaft 97. This cylindrical shaft 97 extends into the outer cylindrical tube 69 and is connected to the -C,9 carrier assembly by means such as a set screw 99. Thus, in order to horizontally move the point of light generated in unit 19, the full mirror carrying assembly rotates in conjunction with band driven wheels 92. Stepped motor 9
Move the light according to the actions of 1 and 77. Each stage of motor moves a point of light on screen 16 according to a programmed position.

Bearing area 1F' between rnl+78 and outer cylinder 69
) 1 is also shown. It minimizes wobble and ensures that a point moves according to a block diagram on a fixed line with minimal wobble and vibration effects.

In FIG. 4, pertinent details of the light source and optics are shown within the flock 24. In more detail, the light source 1 ] 1 is denoted Jl
ing. A quartz-haloken lamp is shown energized across the AC conducting cable 112. A cooling fan 113 is shown on the direct side of the Haloken lamp. The fan 113 is energized by applying a conductive wire 114.

The light of one lamp is transmitted twice. One transmission occurs through fiber optic bundle 39 to the eye position detector and the other transmission occurs through fiber optic bundle 48 to the test point scanner. In order to provide uniform background illumination, a large amount of light (not shown) is transmitted from the lamp to the screen.

A long passage between the light 111 and the fiber light guide 39 [
IR) filter 116 is shown. After the filter there is a focusing lens 117.

A pair of focusing lenses 118 and 119 separated by a series of color and intensity filters, shown generally as 121, used to control the color and intensity of the light spot, or the light source and scanning filter 48. It is between. The microprocessor C (microprocessor) is controlled by the commands coming on the conductor 122! The filter is removed or inserted in il. Removal and insertion of the filter may be performed in a manner known to those skilled in the art.

This allows automatic control of the intensity and color of the point being scanned, giving other dimensions to the inspection device.

No. 4 as having a microprocessor and an electronic control device
Block 26 of the diagram is shown.

Block 26 also includes some common sight supply device, such as, for example, a transformer 126 used to power the light source. The microprocessor 127 is an ordinary commercially available microprocessor such as LSI-11. That's an example =
ξ is connected to a CRT 27, a keyboard 28 and a hard copy unit 29 over conductors 128 and 129.

Means are provided for using the signal received from the eye position detector to generate a position signal that can be compared to the position of the light spot.

More specifically, beyond conductors 133 and 134, each row 3
Analog to digital converters 131 and 132 are shown coupled to -4 and 36 and receiving signals from those columns. The analog-to-digital converters 131 and 132 are commercially manufactured units, such as those supplied by Analog Equipment of the United States under No. AD7574.

The output of the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the signal processing circuit 136. A circuit 136 provides signals indicative of eye position and pupil diameter. These signals are hectoral quantities that take into account both horizontal and vertical coordinates. In the microprocessor, the signal is converted into the drift of the eye position. Those coordinates are then compared to the programmed instructions. As long as the eye is in the proper position 75, the microprocessor continues to perform the examination and activate the scanner.

A microprocessor (C1) scanner control unit 137 is coupled across the conductor generally indicated as conductor 138. Stepped motor pulse generators 149 and 151 are included in the scan control unit 137, respectively. Conductors 152 and 1 of the horizontal and vertical control stage motors 77 and 91
53 respectively, the output of the stepped motor pulse generator goes thereto.

The microprocessor controls the one-pulse generator as follows. That is, from the program and memory of the pattern, the microprocessor determines the start and end points and the desired speed of the scan.

Therefore, at the end point ((reaching the trench), the pulse generator 11 starts their operation - and performs the scanning at the desired speed.
9 and 151-\, the microprocessor sends a signal over conductor 138. By counting the pulses of the generators 149 and 151, the microprocessor monitors the position and position of the inspection points. When the patient manually signals that he or she has seen that point, the electrical signal is received by the microprocessor through conductor 154, and the microprocessor detects the location from which the point was seen. Record.

In the system thus illustrated, scanning is accomplished automatically under the control of a microprocessor in accordance with a program entered through the keyboard and conducted by conductors such as the iJ 128. ,ru. The output of the test is also transferred through the microprocessor to the hardcopy manufacturing lead of lead 129.

Please give me a hard copy of the record in the private publication. Specifically, because the patient's head is immobilized and the living person is therefore much more relaxed for the examination, the examination can be performed in a shorter time than would normally take with the conventional Coldman technique. I'm more accurate, reliable, and repeatable because the human factor is reduced to a minimum! Give the amount of ill.

In operation, the Herzot 12 is placed on the person's head and told to keep the eye under examination in the center of the screen.

One eye is covered and the examination is done on one eye at a time. A helmet 12 is placed over the head of the living person, and a spot is projected onto the screen 16. The patient is asked to look at that point and the test begins. A point for movement is then automatically programmed - and indicates to the patient when the patient loses that point and/or when the point returns in the patient's peripheral vision. The device automatically determines when the patient is not immobilized.

Then, in that case, the test is accurate and repeated. The program changes the color and intensity of the dots. Testing with the described device is automatic and can therefore be performed by relatively unskilled personnel (1) rather than requiring the time of a physician or a skilled technician.

Although the principles of the invention have been described above with respect to specific devices and applications, it is understood that this description is made by way of example only and not as a limitation on the scope of the invention. It should be.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

From the description of the successful and false examples taken in connection with Figure bc,
The operation and use of the present invention will now be more fully clear. cormorant. In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows the calendar head connected to the energizing and controlling device.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an inspection method including a helmet tied with strings. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the same school instrument. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the point projection and scanning means. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing details of the control means originally shown in FIG. 12...Helmet, 16@1 screen-17...
・Electromechanical scanning device, 18...Mirror scanner, 19・
... Point generating optical device, 21... Eye position detector. Patent issued by JQ, FF Issam, Research, Developer Nome/Company, Off, Su, Hebrew Universe Stay, Off, Jerusalem Patent Attorney Akira Yamamoto 1 ° 1

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) ,+p, a screen means placed in front of the eyes of a person, a screen means for projecting a point of light onto the screen for fixing the eyes of the patient. Eye position monitoring means for constantly checking and scanning means for scanning the dots on the screen, and ensuring that the patient's head is at a comfortable position throughout the examination.
An optometry system comprising a support means for supporting the screen means, examination point projection scanning and eye position monitoring means above the patient's head. (2) The support means comprises a helmet means, and the eye screen means is integrated with the helmet means. means for transmitting light waves to; and
A system as claimed in claim 1, comprising means for detecting and determining the position of the light reflected by the polisher's eye. (4) The method described in claim 3, and the reflection method for determining whether or not to continue the inspection.
Means to be sensitive to ff it. (5) A system as claimed in claim 3, comprising means or photodiode means for detecting and determining the position of the reflected light. (6) The photodiode means has an O row for detecting the horizontal position of the reflected light and a double dovetail row for detecting the vertical position of the reflected light. The system according to claim 751, comprising: and optical means for transmitting the reflected light. (7) The system according to claim 1, which comprises the inspection point projection means or means for selecting the zero size of the point. (8) The scanning means includes mirror means positioned to receive the points from the projection means and reflect the inspection points on the screen means. The method described. (9) Means are provided for rotating the mirror about the vertical and horizontal alignments so as to scan the screen over the point.
Method described in section. (10) The longing follows the planned blockrum,
The system according to claim 9, which is rotated. 0 [F] The system according to claim 9, wherein the mirror can be rotated vertically and horizontally at the same time. [12 points of color or automatically variable Patent 1 claim range 1st
Method described in section. 03. The method according to claim 1, wherein the strength of the points is automatically variable. 0→ comprising eye position monitoring means, the eye position monitoring means comprising means for transmitting light waves to the patient's eye, and photodiode means 7 for detecting and determining the position of light reflected by the patient's eye; The photodiode handle comprises an O column for detecting the horizontal position of the reflected light, an O column for detecting the vertical position of the reflected light, and an O and O column for detecting the vertical position of the reflected light. An optometry system as claimed in claim 1, comprising optical means for transmitting the reflected light to the optometry.