JPS59116447A - Cotton-acrylic yarn blended knitted fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention maintains the properties of cotton such as water absorption/hygroscopicity and high elasticity, and overcomes the disadvantages of cotton such as dye fastness, change in texture due to washing, dimensional stability, and bulkiness. , improved spinnability, etc.
The present invention also relates to a blended spun yarn made of cotton and acrylic short fibers that reflects the excellent gloss, texture, and dyeability of acrylic fibers, and a blended knitted fabric thereof.

Cotton, which has been used as a textile material since ancient times, has excellent water absorption and moisture absorption properties, as well as wet strength 2 and heat retention.

Due to its high Young's modulus, it can be used as a knitted fabric for clothing.
Produced in Omo for use in construction materials such as futon cotton.

It is used. Particularly in recent years, natural fibers such as cotton and wool have been used to create ugly wear, sportswear,
It has formed a large market for construction purposes such as towel wickets.

However, even in these applications, the durability is a drawback of cotton and a characteristic of synthetic fibers.

There is a strong demand for improvements in many properties such as dyeing properties, heat setting properties, bulkiness, and spinnability, and many proposals have been made in the past. Among them, the most well-known product is the cutter shirt, which is a blend of cotton and polyester fibers.

On the other hand, although acrylic fibers are mostly produced as stable fibers, they are mainly blended with wool because they have properties similar to wool, and blends with cotton are used for underwear. It can be said that, with the exception of some products such as socks, it is not well known as a practical product.

Thanks to its mechanical crimp and expression crimp like acrylic fiber,
Blending the fibers along the entire length of the fibers has the disadvantage that the characteristics of cotton are lost and pilling is more likely to occur.

The present inventors have conducted intensive studies on cotton-acrylic fiber products that compensate for the above-mentioned drawbacks of cotton and take advantage of the excellent characteristics of acrylic fibers. They discovered that a product with excellent performance can be provided, and came to propose the present invention.

In other words, the purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the change in texture due to washing, which is a major drawback of cotton products, and to improve color development and
To provide a cotton-acrylic fiber blend product with improved dyeability such as color fastness. Other purposes are that it is easy to blend with cotton, has good spinning properties, and by selectively straightening only the fiber ends, such as fluff that protrudes on the surface of knitted fabrics, the texture and luster are significantly improved. . The object of the present invention is to provide a blended product with anti-pilling properties.This object of the present invention is achieved by the invention set forth in the claims above, which will be explained in more detail below.

The acrylic fiber used in the present invention has mechanical crimping that enables it to be blended with cotton and spun, but this mechanical crimping occurs when the acrylic fiber is immersed in warm water at about 80°C. It is characterized by the fact that it has the characteristic of selectively retaining its crimp and straightening it.゛In other words, in order to blend and spin with cotton, especially in order to increase the blending rate, acrylic short fibers must have mechanical crimp. In order to retain bulkiness, it is necessary that this mechanical crimp is stable, but when the acrylic short fibers of the present invention are blended with cotton and spun, the yarn or knitted fabric product is heated in hot water or heated. The fluff of the acrylic short fibers can be made by treating with water.

Fiber ends that are in an unrestricted state, such as raised naps, lose the mechanical crimp, and the mechanical crimp of the acrylic short fibers that are bundled or bundled with cotton or are twisted in a restrained state substantially retains the mechanical crimp. It maintains high bulkiness due to the crimping of the short acrylic fibers.

Therefore, the blended product of the present invention exhibits the high bulkiness and impact resilience of the crimped acrylic short fibers in the bound part of the spun yarn, but the surface has straightened fibers that have lost mechanical sagging. Acrylic short! It is covered with supple and flexible fluff consisting of R fiber ends and cotton fiber ends, or J-pile, and exhibits a unique texture and luster. Showing anti-bill.

In addition, in the case of napped products, the dyed napped shows a deep dyeing property not seen in ordinary acrylic fibers.

Here, the acrylic short length, pheasant length, length, number of crimp, and degree of crimp vary depending on the type of cotton blended, but are usually 32 to 511. Preferably 32-44m
, 0.5-2.5 d, preferably 0.5-1. s
a, 5-20 +-IJ 7 inches, preferably 7-13 peaks/inch, 5-20%, preferably 7-15
% is better.

Examples of the cotton used in the present invention include Egyptian & 1 cotton, abrand cotton, Indian cotton, and sea island cotton.

The blending ratio of the above-mentioned short acrylic TQa and cotton is,
It is selected as appropriate depending on the use and purpose of the blended or spun product, but for applications such as underwear, sheets, towel blankets, etc. where it is desired to more effectively reflect the water absorption and hygroscopic properties of cotton, the blending rate of the acrylic woven fabric should be 20 to 50% by weight. % is used.

Furthermore, in order to more strongly reflect the characteristics of acrylic fibers such as jerseys and blankets, it is generally used to blend acrylic fibers within a range of 50 to 80% by weight. Outside the above range, the properties of both acrylic yarn and cotton will not be fully reflected.

Acrylic short insulating material constituting the blended knitted fabric of the present invention n, l
As for the crimp characteristics of the short fibers, when immersed in hot water of about 80°C, if the short fibers are restrained, the crimp is not lost and the short fibers retain substantially the crimp form before hot water treatment. , it is necessary to have the property that the crimp is substantially lost in the unrestrained state.

That is, as stated in Japanese Patent Application No. 56-96506, the acrylic fiber of the present invention, for example, has a total denier of about 1 million and a length of about 401 ff1.
After crimping and cutting both sides of the tow, leaving about 12011 strands of crimped and cut tow, tie the center part with 10 to 30 strands of twine. After immersing it for 10 minutes and taking it out, the binding yarn was removed and the change in the crimp state of the crimped acrylic delicate tow was observed. Later, the binding part restrained by the binding thread retains the crimp of the original form, but both rA (parts of the binding part that are free and unrestrained from each other, The crimp virtually disappears.

The crimp characteristics of the acrylic yarn of the present invention are such that in textile products such as knitted fabrics made from this fiber, fluff, loops, etc. protruding from the surface of the fiber are in an unrestricted state. ``The ends and threads are selectively decrimped by warm or hot water treatment, and the parts G:I are bound to each other by the twist inside the knitted fabric and the knitted fabric silk weave structure.
, means substantially retaining its crimped form. Previously, the fiber products obtained from the acrylic yarn of the present invention having such crimp characteristics and its spun-f yarn had bulkiness, flexibility, and wind resistance due to the crimp of the short fibers. It retains its texture as it is, and the fluff, loops, etc. protruding from its surface do not have crimps, giving it a unique texture and appearance.In addition, it has anti-pilling properties due to the synergistic effect with the fiber properties described below. It is granted.

Here, the crimp characteristics of the acrylic @ fiber of the present invention can be expressed by the crimp straightening rate defined by the following formula, and this crimp straightening rate is at least about 75%, preferably 85% or more. It is desirable that

Here, the hot water treatment refers to a treatment in which short fibers are immersed in hot water at about 80° C. for about 10 minutes.

Moreover, the degree of crimp is a value determined by the following measuring method.

(1) Randomly attach the single threads to the slipper with the specified amount of slack.

(2) Attach the test piece to the upper and lower clips of the testing machine and cut the smooth paper near the J2 clip.

(3) Apply the initial load (94;/d) and read the length.

(4) Next, add the specified load (300 @/d),
After 30 seconds, measure the length.

-A Ken shrinkage (%): X 100 The acrylic short fiber of the present invention has a knot strength of about 1 in terms of pile building properties
It is desirable to satisfy the physical properties of 0 to 20 to preferably 15 to 1.85'4 and a water retention shrinkage of 4% or less, preferably 3% or less. That is, in order to impart pile pilling properties, which is one of the objects of the present invention, it is more preferable that the crimp properties and knot strength described above are satisfied at the same time.

For example, if the knot strength exceeds 20 or more, the anti-pilling properties for practical use will not be sufficient, and on the other hand, if it becomes less than 1.0'4, the spinability will be significantly reduced, resulting in poor quality.

It becomes easier to sow products with stable performance.

In addition, if the water retention shrinkage rate exceeds 4%, dimensional stability deteriorates and, in some cases, bulkiness may be adversely affected, making it difficult to obtain spun yarns or products with good high-order processability with good reproducibility. becomes steeper. In addition, if this water retention shrinkage rate is too small, the shape of the cheese after cheese dyeing will deteriorate, so it is preferably 05 or more.

The tensile strength of the acrylic short fibers of the present invention is generally at least 3.51/d', preferably 40 or more, from the viewpoint of spinnability and high-order processability of the short fibers. It's advantageous.

The fact that this tensile strength can be increased means that
As with conventional pill-resistant acrylic fibers, there are problems when not only knot strength but also tensile strength has to be reduced, as well as a decrease in spinnability and knitting properties, as well as a decrease in the strength of the final product (
(durability). In addition, increased tensile strength of acrylic materials typically results in increased water retention shrinkage, resulting in decreased dimensional or morphological stability;
For example, when dyeing spun yarn with cheese, strong contraction of the spun yarn causes problems such as uneven diffusion of the dye into the inside of the yarn, resulting in uneven dyeing, but the spun yarn obtained from the acrylic fiber of the present invention There is no such problem.

In addition, the Young's modulus of the acrylic short fiber of the present invention is 70~
or more, preferably 80% or more.

The acrylic fiber of the present invention has a relatively high Young's modulus compared to the Young's modulus of commercially available ordinary acrylic fibers of 25 to 60, and is close to that of cotton, which has a Young's modulus of 60 to 90 t4. Good spinning efficiency.

The acrylic short fibers of the present invention have a circular to oval cross-sectional shape and a smooth surface structure, so they are advantageous in that they can improve gloss, anti-pilling properties, anti-fibrillation properties, and sliminess.

Next, the short fibers of the present invention can be produced only by specifying the production process and conditions, and cannot be obtained simply by applying known methods. A typical manufacturing method thereof will be explained below.

First, as an acrylonitrile copolymer, at least 9
3 mol % of acrylonitrile (AN) and the sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl monomer of the copolymer based on the AN.
7 mol%, preferably 0.25 to 0.45 mol%, and other vinyl group-containing monomers in an amount of 6 mol% or less, preferably 3 to 45 mol%, in an ANN copolymer. . If the copolymerization rate of the sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl monomer exceeds 0.7 mol %, the spinnability will be significantly reduced and the dyeing speed will also be excessive, making it easy to cause uneven dyeing. On the other hand, if the copolymerization rate is less than 0.1 mol%, the gloss and dyeability of the fiber will decrease, making it difficult to obtain the high color development characteristic of acrylic fibers).
-It becomes difficult.

In addition, if the amount of copolymerized components other than the sulfonic acid group-containing comonomer contained in the A''N copolymer exceeds 6 mol%, the water retention shrinkage rate will be 4% or less and the knot strength will be reduced. 2
It is difficult to manufacture the acrylic fiber of the present invention which has a particle size of 0 to 0 or less. In other words, as the copolymerization amount of the copolymer components increases, the stretchability improves and the dyeability is improved.
In addition to a decrease in heat setting properties, the residual shrinkage rate increased by 4%.
It becomes difficult to produce acrylic fibers having a water shrinkage rate below. On the other hand, if the copolymer ratio is too low, dyed fiber products that satisfy the dyeability, especially the deep color level, will become profitable and the spinnability will also decrease, which is not preferable.

Here, the copolymerization components include sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl monomers such as vinyl sulfonic acid, allyl sulfonic acid, methallyl sulfonic acid, P-styrene sulfonic acid, and their metal salts or ammonium salts, acrylic acid, methacrylic P% and Preferably, 0.25 = 0.45 mol% of sulfone e can be exemplified, such as lower alkyl esters or salts thereof, and carboxyl group-containing monomers.
It is preferred to copolymerize a monomer containing an M group, especially a metal salt of methallylsulfonic acid, with 3 to 45 mol % of an acrylic ester, especially methyl acrylate.

Such ANN-based conjugates can be prepared using various solvents, such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), and dimethylacetamide (DMAO).
), a concentrated aqueous solution such as zinc chloride or Rodan's salt, or a mechanical solvent such as nitric acid, preferably an organic solvent, and wet-spun as a spinning stock solution with a polymer content of about 15 to 25% by weight. Ru. For spinning baths, solvents cost up to $60.
A high concentration bath having a concentration of 111% to 80%, preferably 65 to 75%, is preferable, and by using a high concentration bath of such a bath agent, it is possible to achieve the desired concentration of 111% to 100% of the present invention. Acrylic fibers having a circular and smooth fiber cross-sectional shape can be advantageously produced. The temperature of the spinning bath may range from about 15 to 50°C, preferably from 50 to 45°C, from the viewpoint of spinnability and loss resistance.

Next, 1ii, i, the solid yarn coagulated in the spinning bath was
% or less in DMS○ aqueous solution about 4 to 8 times.

Preferably it is stretched 45 to 6 times. This stretching is 11゛?
When the ratio is less than about 4 times, the tensile strength is at least 3.51
It is not preferable to use high-strength fibers such as , because it is difficult to use, and if the stretching ratio exceeds 3+1 or 8 times, the knot strength becomes 2. O/2 or 1-1.

The drawn yarn thus obtained is heated with warm water, for example 35 to 60
After thoroughly removing the solvent contained in the filament in water at a temperature of approx. 20~1'70°C.

Preferably] is heated at 30 to 165°C with a relaxation of 5% or less, preferably o-35%, and is subjected to drying treatment simultaneously with strict drying. The densified acrylic fibers are then heated to about 105 to 135'C.

It is preferably set under tension steaming at 115 to 130° C. under a tension of at least 5 μ/d, preferably 35 μ/d, so that the polarization ratio is 5% or less. If the relaxation rate exceeds 5%, the knot strength becomes too high and the anti-building properties deteriorate.

Thus, the tension-steam-set yarn is treated under milder heat treatment conditions than the tension-steam-set, i.e., about 60%
Mechanical shrinkage is applied under conditions of ~90°C. The mechanically crimped yarn is then cut into a predetermined fiber length without being subjected to the crimping and fixing heat treatment normally applied to acrylic fibers. In this way, the misfire [JLL's acrylic short yarn count
It is necessary to retain the thermal history imparted thereto, and by retaining such thermal history, it becomes possible to create a fiber that satisfies the crimp characteristics of the present invention.

The blended knitted fabric of the present invention can be used for men's shirts and sweaters.

Women's slacks, Scar 1-, tights, socks,
It is useful for sports clothing, etc., and has anti-pilling properties.
A product with extremely high commercial value can be obtained that has excellent gloss, color development, texture, water absorption, and other properties.

Hereinafter, the acrylic short metal Mll of the present invention will be specifically explained using Examples.

Example acrylonitrile 953 mol%, methyl acrylate 43
A spinning stock solution was prepared by solution polymerizing 4 mol% of methallyl sulfone i'ψ soda in dimethyl sulfoxide.

This stock solution was coagulated in a 70% dimethyl phosphide aqueous solution at 30° C., and then stretched five times in hot water. The obtained yarn was thoroughly washed with water, dried at 165°C, and subjected to tension heat treatment at 125°C using a continuous steaming machine.

After the yarn was crimped, it was dried at 60° C. to obtain an acrylic fiber tow, which was cut to 38 degrees and made stable.

The single yarn fineness of the obtained fiber was 1.5 denier, and the width was 6 degrees and 4.
21? L, nodule strength 1.75, Ken line number 121117
inch, had physical properties of 14% shrinkage and 30% water shrinkage. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the fiber was substantially circular, and the surface of the single fiber was extremely smooth with only small irregularities. The shrinkage disappeared and the fibers became almost straight.The straightening rate of the fibers was 89%, confirming that the raw cotton had the property of straightening the fibers in an unrestrained state.

50% of this raw cotton and 50% of abrand cotton were spun using a conventional method to create 152 spun yarns.

There were almost no occurrences of fly or thread breakage during spinning, and the spinnability was extremely good.

The spun yarn was knitted in a conventional manner and then dyed. As a result of conducting an IO shrimp ring test on the obtained silk fabric,
It showed good anti-pilling property of grade 4-5. In addition, the crimp of the acrylic fibers protruding from the surface of the knitted fabric disappeared and became straight, giving it a dark brown color and excellent gloss and color development.

Comparative Example 1 Example IF Using the obtained spinning dope,
% dimethyl sulfoxide aqueous solution, and then stretched 60 times in hot water.

This yarn was thoroughly washed with water and then dried at 170°C. After applying crimp to this yarn, it was steamed at 105° C. to fix the crimp and at the same time remove residual shrinkage. The obtained tow was cut into a 38M staple.

The obtained fiber had a m yarn fineness of 1.5 denier and a strong Br4.
1~. It had physical properties such as a knot direction of 1122, a number of wires of 121-14/inch, a degree of shrinkage of 15%, and a water release shrinkage rate of 20%.

The cross section of this male fiber was cocoon-shaped, and the surface of the single fiber was more uneven than the sample of Example 1.

When the fibers were then immersed in hot water at 80° C. in an unrestrained state, most of the shrinkage remained and the straightening rate of the fibers was 19%.

It was confirmed that this raw cotton did not sag even if it was immersed in hot water in an unrestrained state.

50% of this raw cotton and 50% of abrand cotton were spun into one knit and dyed in the same manner as in Example 1 to create a knitted fabric. The anti-pilling property of the obtained knitted fabric was poor at grade 1011 to 2, and both dyeability and gloss were poor compared to the sample of Example 1. The fuzz that protrudes from the surface of the knitted fabric has some shrinkage left,
It is presumed that the product characteristics are adversely affected.

Comparative Example 2 Acrylonitrile 973 mol%, methyl acrylate 17
A spinning stock solution was prepared by solution polymerizing 1.0 mol % of allylsulfone intoxicating soda in dimethyl sulfoxide.

This stock solution was spun in the same manner as in Ratio Example 1 to obtain an acrylic fiber tow of 7:1.

The obtained unfibered single yarn at 75 degrees has a denier of 15 and a strength of 3.4.
Nodule elasticity 165~. It had physical properties of a Ken shrinkage number of 1111-1/inch, a Ken shrinkage of 13%, and a water escape shrinkage rate of 10%.

The cross-sectional shape of the fiber was substantially circular, and the surface of the single fiber had larger irregularities than the sample of Example 1.

Immerse this sieve in hot water at 80℃ without restraint.
As a result, the shrinkage remained and the straightening rate of the shrinkage was 21%. It was confirmed that this raw cotton did not become straight even when immersed in hot water in the unrestrained state 5.

When this raw cotton and 50% abrand cotton were spun in the same manner as in Example 1, there were many flies and thread breakage, and the spinnability was extremely poor. The obtained spun yarn was knitted and dyed to create a knitted fabric, but it had a lot of fluff and the knitted surface was poor, resulting in a silk fabric with less luster than the sample of Example 1.

Example 2 Acrylonitrile 955 mol%, methyl acrylate 40
A spinning stock solution was prepared by solution polymerizing 05 mol% of sodium allylsulfonate in dimethyl sulfoxide.

This stock solution was also coagulated in a 70% dimethyl sulfoxide aqueous solution at 35°C and then stretched 5 times in a heated oven.The resulting yarn was thoroughly washed with water, dried at 160°C, and then subjected to continuous steaming. Tension heat treatment was performed at 125°C using J3!IeA.

After imparting crimp to this yarn, it was dried at 60'C to obtain an acrylic fiber tow, which was cut into 38-inch pieces to make it stable.

The single fiber fineness of the obtained fiber was 12 denier and the strength was 4.3.
y4, Ken wire number 125 threads/inch, Ken shrinkage 13%,
The water escape shrinkage rate was 3.5%.

Spinning was carried out by changing the blend ratio of this raw cotton and abrand cotton as shown in Table 1, knitting and dyeing were carried out in a conventional manner, and the performance of the resulting knitted fabric was evaluated.

Table 1 summarizes the results of a comparative evaluation of the product's gloss, color development, texture before and after washing, and water absorption. The water absorption was evaluated by the water droplet diffusion rate.

Acrylic of the present invention! Blend rate of 41 fibers is 30,50°70
It is clear that the % product has low luster, water absorption, and does not harden in texture after washing, indicating that it has extremely good performance.

Table 1 Patent Dekojin Toshi Co., Ltd. =269-

Claims (1)

[Claims] Φ yarn I9゛ is 05-25 denier, boiling water shrinkage rate is 4%
20 to 80% by weight of acrylic short fibers and 80 to 20% by weight of cotton, which substantially loses the crimp imparted to the fibers when immersed in warm water at approximately 80°C in an unrestrained state.
A cotton-acrylic fiber blend knitted fabric made of 7 blended yarns.