JPS59116037A - Apparatus for measuring smoke and fog transmission rate - Google Patents
Apparatus for measuring smoke and fog transmission rateInfo
- Publication number
- JPS59116037A JPS59116037A JP22571982A JP22571982A JPS59116037A JP S59116037 A JPS59116037 A JP S59116037A JP 22571982 A JP22571982 A JP 22571982A JP 22571982 A JP22571982 A JP 22571982A JP S59116037 A JPS59116037 A JP S59116037A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- lambda
- space
- transmission rate
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
- G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
- G01N21/538—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke for determining atmospheric attenuation and visibility
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、道路トンネル内等の可視光透過率を測定する
煙霧透過率測定装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a smoke transmittance measuring device for measuring visible light transmittance inside a road tunnel or the like.
従来例の構成とその問題点
煙霧透過率測定装置は、道路トンネル内の可視光透過率
を測定し、その中に自動車排気ガスや塵あいなどがある
と一透過率が低下することを利用してトンネル内の見通
しの良さを定量的にとらえるものである。測定結果は清
浄な空気状態における透過率を１００％とし、完全に光
か遮断された時を０％として、０〜１００％の値で示さ
れる。Conventional configuration and problems The smoke transmittance measurement device measures the visible light transmittance inside a road tunnel, and utilizes the fact that the transmittance decreases when there is automobile exhaust gas or dust in the tunnel. This method quantitatively measures the visibility inside the tunnel. The measurement results are expressed as values from 0 to 100%, with the transmittance in clean air being 100% and the time when light is completely blocked being 0%.
分光煙霧透過率は、投光部から投射される光の強度を１
００ｍの距離を置いた受光部で測定し−（ＩＯ（λ）コ
クリアな状態における受光部が検出する光の強度）
（工１（λ） ；空気中に煤煙等が存在する時に検出す
る光の強度）
で表わされる。Spectral fog transmittance is the intensity of light projected from the light projecting unit.
Measured with a light receiving unit located at a distance of 00 m - (IO(λ) Intensity of light detected by the light receiving unit in a clear state) intensity).
通常、中小のトンネルでは、自然風、雨１通行車輌風等
の複合効果により、数日の間には空気のクリアな状態が
現われ、■。（λ）が確定し−（１）式が成立する。し
かし、長大トンネルにおいては、空気の清浄は換気ファ
ンによる換気効果に依存するのみで、換気効率からみて
も、清浄状態は期待できない。このため、工０（λ）の
設定が不可能になり。Normally, in small and medium-sized tunnels, the air becomes clear within a few days due to the combined effects of natural wind, rain, traffic, and wind.■. (λ) is determined and the equation (1) is established. However, in long tunnels, air purification only depends on the ventilation effect of ventilation fans, and even in terms of ventilation efficiency, cleanliness cannot be expected. For this reason, it becomes impossible to set 0(λ).
（１）式は不成立になってしまう。Equation (1) ends up not holding true.
発明の目的
本発明は上記従来の欠点に鑑みてなされたもので、長大
トンネルにおいても正確に煙霧透過率を測定できる煙霧
透過率測定装置を提供しようとするものである。OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional technology, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a smoke transmittance measuring device that can accurately measure the smoke transmittance even in a long tunnel.
発明の構成
本発明は投入部より出た光を一定距離の空間を通して集
光、受光すると共に、空間を通さずに光ファイバーを介
して受光し、光ファイバーを介する光を基準信号とし、
空間を通る光を測定信号とすることによって、空気中の
塵あい、排気ガス等の影響による見通しの割合を測定す
るものである。Structure of the Invention The present invention collects and receives light emitted from an input part through a space at a certain distance, receives the light through an optical fiber without passing through the space, and uses the light passing through the optical fiber as a reference signal.
By using light passing through space as a measurement signal, it is possible to measure the visibility ratio due to the influence of dust in the air, exhaust gas, etc.
実施例の説明
以下、本発明の一実施例を添付図面を参照して説明する
。まず投光部１について説明すると、一定の光量を持つ
可視光線を発する光源２から出だ光は、赤外線カットフ
ィルタ３で赤外線を取シ除いた後、収束レンズ４により
複数の穴を有するセクター６に収束される。セクター５
はモータ６の駆動により回転するため、セクター５を通
過する光は断続光に変調され合わせレンズ７で平行光線
となる。この光線は、収束レンズ８で光フ１イノ（−９
を経由する光となると共に、空間１０を通って一定距離
にある受光部１１に到達する。空間１ｏを通った光は、
収束レンズ１２を介して拡散板１３で拡散され、光電管
１４により光の強度が電気信号に変換され、プリアンプ
１６．メインアンプ１６を介して測定信号として外部に
出力される。一方、光ファイバー９を経由する光は、光
スィッチ１７により、通常遮断されているか、外部から
の指令により一光スイッチ１７が切替えられると、ロー
タリーソレノイド１８か動作し、遮光板１９が空間１０
を通る光を遮断し、光）１イ／（−９を経由した光だけ
がレンズ２Ｑを介して受光部１１にとりこまれる。この
光は、１２〜１６を介して基準信号として外部に出力さ
れる。このようにして、基准、測定の双方の信号を取り
出すことによって一前述の（１）式を満足することがで
き、空気中の煙霧透過率を測定することが可能となる。DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, to explain the light projecting unit 1, light emitted from a light source 2 that emits visible light with a certain amount of light is filtered by an infrared cut filter 3, and then passed through a converging lens 4 to a sector 6 having a plurality of holes. It is converged on. sector 5
is rotated by the drive of the motor 6, so that the light passing through the sector 5 is modulated into intermittent light and becomes parallel light at the combination lens 7. This light beam is converted into a light beam by a converging lens 8.
The light passes through the space 10 and reaches the light receiving section 11 located at a certain distance. The light passing through space 1o is
The light is diffused by a diffuser plate 13 through a converging lens 12, and the intensity of the light is converted into an electrical signal by a phototube 14, which is then sent to a preamplifier 16. It is output to the outside via the main amplifier 16 as a measurement signal. On the other hand, the light passing through the optical fiber 9 is normally blocked by the optical switch 17, or when the one-light switch 17 is switched by an external command, the rotary solenoid 18 is operated and the light shielding plate 19 is closed to the space 10.
The light passing through is blocked, and only the light passing through (light) 1i/(-9 is taken into the light receiving section 11 via lens 2Q. This light is outputted to the outside as a reference signal via 12 to 16. In this way, by extracting both the reference and measurement signals, the above-mentioned equation (1) can be satisfied, making it possible to measure the smoke transmittance in the air.
また、本方式は光ファイバー９の取付を、理想空間（清
浄な空気状態）と等価にするように位置して光源２の劣
化、レンズの汚れ等による基準信号への影響を少なくす
ると共に、環境による基糸信号設定の限界を打開してい
る。In addition, in this method, the optical fiber 9 is installed in a position equivalent to an ideal space (clean air condition), thereby reducing the influence on the reference signal due to deterioration of the light source 2, dirt on the lens, etc. This overcomes the limitations of base thread signal settings.
発明の効果
以上の説明から明らかなように本発明は、光ファイバー
を介する光を、クリアな状態における受光部が検出する
光の強度に対応する基準信号とするので、長大トンネル
の如く通常状態では清浄な状態が期待できない場合にお
いても正確に透過率を測定することが可能となる。Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above explanation, the present invention uses light passing through an optical fiber as a reference signal corresponding to the intensity of light detected by the light receiving section in a clear state. Even when a perfect condition cannot be expected, transmittance can be measured accurately.
図面は本発明の実施例にかかる煙霧透過率測定装置の概
略構成図である。
１・・・・・・投光部、２・−・・・・光源、９・・・
・・・光ノア１パー、１０・・・・・・空間、１１・・
・・・・受光部。The drawing is a schematic diagram of a smoke transmittance measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1...Light emitter, 2...Light source, 9...
...Hikari Noah 1 par, 10...Space, 11...
····Light receiving section.
Claims (1)
送り出す投光部と、投光部より出た光を一定距離の空間
を通して集光、受光すると共に、光ファイバーを介して
受光し電気信号に変換する受光部とを備え、前記光ファ
イバーを介する光を基進信号１ｏ（λ）とし、空間を通
る光を測定信号Ｉ＋（λ）て測定する煙霧透過率測定装
置。A light projector that modulates and parallelizes the light emitted from a light source with a constant amount of light and sends it out, and a light projector that collects and receives the light emitted from the projector through a space of a certain distance, and receives the light through an optical fiber and converts it into an electrical signal. A smoke transmittance measuring device that measures light passing through the optical fiber as a basic signal 1o(λ) and light passing through space as a measurement signal I+(λ).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22571982A JPS59116037A (en) | 1982-12-22 | 1982-12-22 | Apparatus for measuring smoke and fog transmission rate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22571982A JPS59116037A (en) | 1982-12-22 | 1982-12-22 | Apparatus for measuring smoke and fog transmission rate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59116037A true JPS59116037A (en) | 1984-07-04 |
Family
ID=16833736
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22571982A Pending JPS59116037A (en) | 1982-12-22 | 1982-12-22 | Apparatus for measuring smoke and fog transmission rate |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59116037A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4754029B1 (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2011-08-24 | 哲 ▲柳▼田 | Emergency equipment |
| JP2019100784A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2019-06-24 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Smoke fog transmittance measurement device, and smoke fog measurement method using the same |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5031983B1 (en) * | 1970-06-15 | 1975-10-16 | ||
| US3994601A (en) * | 1975-07-25 | 1976-11-30 | Brugger Richard D | Dynamic calibration unit for a transmissometer |
| JPS56158936A (en) * | 1980-05-13 | 1981-12-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method for calibration of transmittance meter of smoke and mist |
-
1982
- 1982-12-22 JP JP22571982A patent/JPS59116037A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5031983B1 (en) * | 1970-06-15 | 1975-10-16 | ||
| US3994601A (en) * | 1975-07-25 | 1976-11-30 | Brugger Richard D | Dynamic calibration unit for a transmissometer |
| JPS56158936A (en) * | 1980-05-13 | 1981-12-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method for calibration of transmittance meter of smoke and mist |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4754029B1 (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2011-08-24 | 哲 ▲柳▼田 | Emergency equipment |
| JP2019100784A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2019-06-24 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Smoke fog transmittance measurement device, and smoke fog measurement method using the same |
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