JPS5911040B2 - Underground tunnel construction method - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] When constructing a tunnel with a rectangular cross section underground, if the construction ground is relatively soft, a large body pressure due to a large load will be applied to the upper part, and the side and bottom parts will be subjected to large body pressure. Since large torso pressure is applied to these areas, there is a risk that the earth and sand may collapse from that area, which may hinder construction work.

This invention can be applied even in such a ground. This paper relates to improvements in construction methods for underground tunnels, with the aim of safely and reliably constructing large underground tunnels by controlling the large trunk pressure due to heavy loads on the top, etc., and the large trunk pressures applied to the sides and bottom. , as shown in FIGS. 1 to 15, first. Set up a square full tunnel shape 1, and place approximately the bottom length and side length of the square tunnel shape 1 at both corners of the bottom! //3 long top, bottom horizontal 2,
2.

and vertical length on both sides 31 j 3'l' 32 1 3'
2, excavate earth and sand horizontally underground to an appropriate depth in a small tunnel with a rectangular cross section, carry it out, open preliminary small tunnels 4, 4 on both sides of the bottom, and excavate the inside and outside of each of them. Shoring is provided on the top side of the excavated wall, respectively. 5,5'2
and 6, 6, and the outside excavation (on the wall surface and the bottom side excavation) on the wall surface, concrete lining 7, 8, respectively.
，，? .

, 82, ■. The preliminary small tunnels on both sides of the bottom 4, 4
On each upper side of 2, the side vertical lengths are 93 and 9'l + 92, respectively.
9 9'2 and the upper horizontally elongated tunnels 10, 10 are shaped into a small tunnel with a rectangular cross section having the same length as the bottom side spare tunnels 4, , 42, and are horizontally underground and have the same length as the bottom side side spare tunnels 41, 42. The earth and sand were excavated to a depth of <<, and carried out, and intermediate preliminary small tunnels 11, 11 were opened on both sides. ,12',. 12.

, 12'2 and 13, 13, the lower supports on both sides were removed, and a concrete lining 14 was installed on each outer wall surface, connected to the upper part of the bottom concrete lining, respectively. ,,14.

■. Said intermediate preliminary small tunnels on both sides ii, .
On each upper side of i i2, the medial and lateral lengths are 15, 15'l, respectively.
．． 15.

．． 1 5'2 and horizontal lengths 161 and 162 are in the shape of a square cross-sectional small tunnel with the same length as above, and excavate earth and sand horizontally underground to a depth equal to the same length as the middle preliminary small tunnels 111 and 112 on both sides, and carry it out. Then, the top preliminary small tunnels on both sides 17,
, 172 are opened, and shoring 18, 18', . 19, and 18.

, 18'2, 192, remove the lower supports on both sides, and add concrete to the outer walls and the top excavated walls, respectively, connected to the upper part of the intermediate concrete lining. Lining 20.

, 21, and 202, 21. ■. In the middle of the opposing inner sides of the top preliminary small tunnels 1 7 , 1 72 on both sides, earth and sand is excavated horizontally underground in the shape of a small tunnel with a rectangular cross section to the same length and depth, and carried out to form the top middle preliminary small tunnel 22 . Open it and dig the top of it, then shoring 2
3. At the same time, remove the supporting structures on both sides, and apply a top intermediate concrete lining 24 to the top excavation wall surface in connection with the concrete lining on both sides. The preliminary small tunnels on both sides of the bottom 4s. A small tunnel with an elongated rectangular cross section was dug under the opposing inner intermediate and top intermediate preliminary tunnels of 42, horizontally underground, to the same length and depth. Open the said shoring 5/, , 5'2. l 2/2
. This system is characterized by constructing an underground tunnel by applying a mechanism similar to this in the depth direction, and as shown in FIGS. , and omit the excavation and transport of intermediate preliminary small tunnels on both sides, and construct a horizontally long rectangular underground tunnel, or alternatively, construct a horizontally long rectangular underground tunnel with the same shape as the entire tunnel with the square cross section, and create upper and lower intermediate preliminary small tunnels. Excavating and removing the tunnel will be omitted and a vertical rectangular underground tunnel will be constructed.

In addition, in the underground tunnel construction method of the present invention, the earth and sand may be excavated and removed by pipe metsu cell excavation construction method A or other construction method B if necessary.

According to this invention, a large tunnel is divided into small preliminary tunnels, and the earth and sand are sequentially excavated and carried out for construction. This is extremely useful because it allows the construction of a desired tunnel safely, easily, and reliably.

Conventionally, when constructing a tunnel with a large cross section underground that is subject to a large load, the earth and sand of the entire cross section of the tunnel are excavated and removed by comb.

However, this conventional construction method has the disadvantage that, due to the heavy load, there is a risk of accidents such as collapse of the earth and sand during construction.

In addition, conventionally, as a tunnel construction method, side wall guide shafts are dug on both sides of the tunnel cross section, concrete is poured into the guide shafts, and then a lead shaft is excavated in the upper part of the concrete side walls configured as described above. A zenith guide shaft is excavated at the zenith of the tunnel cross section, and then transverse guide shafts that cross the tunnel cross section to the zenith guide shaft are excavated at predetermined positions from the exit guide shaft, and concrete is poured into the guide shafts. It is known to construct a concrete arch by excavating the intermediate part of the poured concrete and pouring concrete.

In this known tunnel construction method. Since there are no concrete walls at the top and bottom, it is difficult to dig on hard ground such as bedrock. In soft ground such as in Japan, there is a disadvantage that soil collapse from the top and bottom cannot be avoided during excavation work.

In contrast, this invention eliminates the drawbacks of the conventional construction method.According to this invention, construction is carried out by dividing a large tunnel into small preliminary tunnels and sequentially excavating and transporting earth and sand. Therefore, it will not be affected by the heavy pressure of the large load on the top, and will not cause collapse of the earth and sand due to the large body pressure due to the large load on the top and the large body pressure from the sides and bottom. Is it possible to ensure the effectiveness of construction of a desired underground tunnel? It is extremely useful.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6, Figure 7, Figure 8, Figure 9, Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13. 14 and 15 are longitudinal sectional views showing the construction sequence of the present invention, FIGS. 16 and 17 are sectional views of underground tunnels constructed according to the embodiments, respectively, and FIG. 18 is a pipe metsal excavated. 《Explanatory sectional view of construction method, No. 19
The figure shows a sectional view of the main part, and Figure 20 shows a sectional view of the main part of another method. In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or equivalent parts, 1 is a square full tunnel shape, and 2 is a rectangular full tunnel shape. ,2. is horizontally oblong at the apex. 3. 3', Th 3. , 3'2 is the vertical length on both sides, 4, , 4 is the preliminary small tunnel on both sides of the bottom, s, j 5'i 52 1 s/2 and 61,
6 is shoring, 7, 8, 72.8 is concrete lining * 91 s 9'1, 9, 9'2 are side vertical lengths, 1 0
, , 102 is horizontally long at the top. 11,, 11 are intermediate preliminary small tunnels on both sides, 1 2, , 1 2',, 1
22, 1 2'2 and 131, 132 are shoring, respectively.
14,,14. is concrete lining, 15,,15',. 15. 1
5'2 is the mediolateral length. 16,,162 is horizontal. 17,,1
72 is a preliminary small tunnel at the top of both sides. 1s,,1s',
, 1s'1 and 1 82 - 1 8'2 , 1 9'
2 is shoring, 20,,202 is concrete lining, 22
23 is the top intermediate preliminary small tunnel, and 23 is the shoring. 24 indicates the intermediate concrete lining at the top, 25 indicates the intermediate preliminary small tunnel at the bottom, and 26 indicates the intermediate concrete lining at the sides.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In the case of constructing a rectangular tunnel underground, ■. First, set a square full tunnel shape 1, and place approximately 1 of the bottom length and side length of the square tunnel shape 1 at both corners of the bottom.
4 long top, bottom 2 long, . 22 and vertical length on both sides 3,,3
'、． Dig earth and sand horizontally underground to an appropriate depth in a small tunnel with a rectangular cross section of 3,3'2. Two shorings L5,
5'1, 5. , 5'2 and 61, 6, and excavated the outer wall surface and bottom side of each wall.
81, 72, 8. ■. On the upper side of each of the bottom reserved small tunnels 4, 42, side vertical lengths s1, 9', 92 + 9'2 and upper horizontal lengths 10, 102 are the same as the bottom side spare small tunnels 41, 4. In a small tunnel with a rectangular cross section, earth and sand are excavated horizontally underground on both sides of the bottom to a depth equal to the same length as the tunnels 4 and 42, and carried out to form preliminary small tunnels 11, 11 in the middle on both sides. is excavated, and shoring 12, 1 2', ? 22,12'
2 and 13, 132, the lower supports on both sides were removed, and concrete linings 1, 14, . 1 4, ■. On the upper side of each of the intermediate preliminary small tunnels 11 and 112 on both sides, there are provided inner and outer lengths of 1, respectively.
5,,15',. 152,15'2 and horizontal 161,1
Reference numeral 62 denotes the intermediate preliminary small tunnels 11 and 12 on both sides, which are in the shape of a small tunnel with a rectangular cross section and the same length as the above, and are oriented horizontally underground. Excavate earth and sand to a depth equal to that length, carry it out, and open preliminary small tunnels 17, 1γ2 on both sides of the top.
1, 18', , 19, and 182, 18' 2, 19 Concrete linings 20, 21, 202, and 212 are applied to the upper part of the construction, respectively. In the middle of the opposing inner sides of the top preliminary small tunnels 17, 17 on both sides, earth and sand is dug horizontally underground in the shape of a square cross-sectional small tunnel with the same length and depth 1, and carried out to form the top middle preliminary small tunnel 22. Open it, and dig out the top of it. Then, shoring 2
In addition to applying 3. Remove the supporting structures on both sides, and excavate the top of the supports. [A top intermediate concrete lining 24 is applied to the wall surface, connected to the concrete lining on both sides of the top, and () Earth and sand is excavated horizontally underground to the same length and depth in the middle of the opposing inner sides of the bottom side preliminary small tunnels 41 and 4 and the bottom of the top middle preliminary tunnel in the shape of a small tunnel with a vertically rectangular cross section, and is carried out (~ Open the bottom intermediate preliminary small tunnel 25.
shi, said shoring 5', . 5'2. 12'2.12'.
, and the bottom intermediate concrete lining 2 is removed, and the bottom intermediate concrete lining 2 is connected to the bottom concrete lining on both sides.
Perform each construction step in step 6 in sequence, and ■. An underground tunnel construction method characterized by constructing an underground tunnel by performing a similar construction toward the back.