JPS59103032A - Pressure regulating device for hydraulic clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a hydraulic clutch for marine use which can be engaged lightly in a short time without causing a shock, by retaining a high hydraulic pressure until the clutch is engaged after switched either in a forward or reverse driving mode, and lowering the pressure just immediately before it is engaged. CONSTITUTION:A low pressure port 12 of automatic two-stage pressure regulating valve 5 is directly communicated from a circuit 16 to a switch valve 2, and the port 12 is closed by means of the switch valve 2 while a clutch is in a neutral position, thereby retaining the valve 5 at a high pressure through a high pressure port 13. Then, when the switch valve 2 is switched either in a forward or reverse driving mode, the port 12 which is closed by the switch valve 2 instantly caused to open to a lubrication oil passage 14 or a drain passage 27 communicating with respective lubricating portions 25 of respective bearing and the like in an engine E via an oil cooling device 24 while having its pressure regulated through a lubrication oil pressure regulating valve 26. In consequence, the hydraulic pressure can be maintained at a low level while the engine E runs at a low r.p.m., and at a preset level while the engine E runs at a high r.p.m. as regulated depending on the then r.p.m. In this manner, the steering capability and boarding comfortableness can be improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pressure regulating device for a hydraulic clutch provided in a hydraulic pressure supply path to the hydraulic clutch. '- In a ship, power is transmitted from the engine to the propeller by installing a hydraulic clutch in the deceleration gear transmission part installed in the power transmission path, and switching the hydraulic clutch to switch between forward and backward motion. In this case, the oil pressure supplied to the hydraulic clutch is set to the highest oil pressure required for power transmission, that is, to obtain the necessary transmission torque at high rotation and high load, regardless of the engine speed.

Therefore, in the past, the oil pressure was unnecessarily high compared to the transmission torque at low rotation speeds and low loads, resulting in large horsepower loss and due to engine torque fluctuations at low speed rotations, the transmission gear This causes a rattling sound and an unpleasant noise.

Therefore, as a pressure adjustment device for the above-mentioned hydraulic clutch,
There is a need for a two-stage pressure regulating system that can provide a high working oil pressure when the engine rotates at high speed and a low working oil pressure when the engine rotates at low speed.

On the other hand, a pressure control valve that allows the flow of hydraulic oil only when the engine is running at low speeds is installed in the hydraulic system path of the hydraulic clutch to reduce the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic oil applied to the hydraulic clutch when the engine is at low speeds. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-97629 discloses a hydraulic control device for a hydraulic multi-disc clutch as described above, but in this case, two-stage pressure regulation is not possible and the structure thereof is complicated.

In addition, in order to make it possible to adjust the pressure in one level, high or low, in accordance with the transmission torque of the hydraulic clutch, a pressure regulating piston and an intermediate piston are fitted from the front inside the cylinder, which has one drain hole formed in the measuring section. Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 55-5752C1 regarding a pressure regulating device for a clutch has been proposed, but in this case, there is only one drain hole, and there is a problem that the movement from high pressure to low pressure does not work properly.

Furthermore, a device was proposed in Japanese Utility Model Application No. 55-54621 in which a pressure regulating valve for low pressure and a pressure regulating valve for high pressure were installed in the pressure supply path leading to the hydraulic clutch, but the pressure regulating valves for low pressure and high pressure were each separate. Therefore, there are difficulties in terms of space and cost.

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, we installed an automatic two-stage pressure regulating valve that can obtain low working pressure at low speed rotation and high working pressure at high speed rotation, and eliminates the influence of the pump discharge amount. The invention of Japanese Patent Application No. 135736/1983 was made with the aim of providing a pressure adjusting device for a hydraulic clutch that does not require any noise, as well as eliminating rattling noise and gear noise.

That is, in this pressure regulating device, a hydraulic pump 1 driven by an engine shown as E in FIG. 3A and 3B, when the engine E is rotating at low speed and the hydraulic pump 1 has a low discharge amount, the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic pressure supply path 6 is sent to the low pressure boat, which is a drain boat for low operating hydraulic pressure. Hydraulic pump 1 is leaked and is in a low pressure regulating state, and when engine E is rotating at high speed.
When the discharge amount is high, the automatic two-stage pressure regulating valve has a pressure regulating piston with a ring groove capable of leaking the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic pressure supply path 6 to a high pressure boat which is a drain boat for high working hydraulic pressure to achieve a high pressure regulating state. 5, and a drain circuit 28 is provided on the drain side of the automatic two-stage pressure regulating valve 5.

However, the above-mentioned switching of the hydraulic clutches 3A and 3B is normally performed when the engine E is rotating at low speed, and the hydraulic pressure at the neutral time is leaked to the low pressure boat as described above, and a low pressure regulation state is established. Therefore, if the oil pressure is low and the switch is switched to forward or backward movement, it will take a long time to fit in.

This means that the switching valve 2 and the automatic 2
This problem occurs because the stage pressure regulating valve 5 is not communicating with the stage pressure regulating valve 5.

On the other hand, in a pressure regulator that constantly maintains a high pressure regulation state,
Although the fitting time is short, there is a shock during fitting and a rattling noise during low speed rotation, which poses problems in terms of ship handling and ride comfort in the case of marine engines.

In other words, the reason why it takes a long time for conventional pressure regulators to engage is because the oil pressure in neutral is low;
In order for the forward or reverse clutches 3A and 3B to engage, it is necessary to push the piston that pushes the clutch plate with oil, and the oil must move by the stroke volume of the piston, so the oil pressure is low. Since it takes time to move the parts, it takes a long time to insert them.

In addition, in a device that constantly maintains a high pressure regulation state, the pressure at the time of fitting is high, so there is no slippage at the time of fitting, and there is a problem that the clutch is suddenly fitted, resulting in a strong fitting shock.

Therefore, the present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional technology.The hydraulic pressure is high until the clutch is engaged, and the hydraulic pressure is lowered just before the clutch engages, thereby shortening the engagement time and making the engagement soft and shock-free. The purpose is to provide an ideal hydraulic clutch pressure adjustment device.

That is, the present invention provides a hydraulic pressure supply path that sends hydraulic pressure supplied from a hydraulic pump driven by an engine to a hydraulic clutch via a switching valve, so that a low operating hydraulic pressure is obtained when the engine rotates at low speed.
In a pressure regulating device for a hydraulic clutch equipped with a pressure regulating valve that can obtain high operating pressure during high-speed rotation, the drain port for low operating pressure of the pressure regulating valve is controlled by the switching valve or a valve linked to the switching valve when in neutral mode. It is characterized in that it is closed and opens to a drain path or a lubricating oil path to the lubricating part of the engine during forward and backward movement.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, and in each embodiment, the same parts are designated by the same part numbers.

First of all, FIG. 2 is an overall system diagram of the hydraulic adjustment device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. Manually switched switching valves, 6A is a hydraulic clutch for forward movement, and 6B is a hydraulic clutch for reverse movement.The hydraulic oil sucked up from oil pan 4 through filter 6D by hydraulic pump 1 is used for forward and reverse movement via switching valve 2. It is sent to one of the hydraulic clutches 3A and 3B.

5 is a hydraulic clutch 3A from the hydraulic pump 1.

This automatic two-stage pressure regulating valve 5 is installed in the middle of the hydraulic pressure supply path B leading to 6B, and as shown in the enlarged cross-sectional view in FIG. It consists of a pressure regulating piston 8, a pressure regulating valve spring 9 for low pressure, a pressure regulating valve spring 10 for high pressure, etc., into which the pressure regulating piston 8 is slidably inserted.
The cylinder 7 has an inlet boat 11 at the end in the sliding direction of the pressure regulating piston 8, and a low pressure boat 12, which is a drain boat for low hydraulic pressure, at the upper part of the wall surface along the sliding direction of the pressure regulating piston 8. A high-pressure boat 16, which is a high-operating hydraulic drain boat, is formed at the top a little apart.
The inlet port 11 is connected to the hydraulic pressure supply path 6 before the switching valve 2, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic pressure supply path 6 is taken in and leaked from the low pressure boat 12 or the high pressure boat 16.

Note that a safety valve 15 is provided in this hydraulic pressure supply path 6.

Therefore, in the first embodiment, the low pressure boat 12 is directly connected to the switching valve 2 from the oil circuit 16, and when in neutral,
As shown in Fig. 3, this low pressure boat 1 is controlled by the switching valve 2.
2 is closed, the low pressure operation is killed, and the high pressure is maintained by the high pressure boat 16.

Next, when switching the switching valve 2 to forward or reverse, the low pressure boat 12 that was closed by the switching valve 2 is
At the same time, the lubricating oil path 14, which communicates via the oil cooler 24 to each lubricating part 25 such as each bearing of the engine E without being pressure regulated by the lubricating oil pressure regulating valve 26, or as indicated by the broken line in FIG. As a result, when the engine E rotates at low speed, as shown in FIG.
The pressure is regulated to a low pressure state, and during high speed rotation, as shown in FIG. 4, the pressure is maintained in a regulated state according to the rotation or a high set pressure.

Further, the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 has almost the same configuration and function as the first embodiment shown in FIG.
In the second embodiment, a low-pressure boat 12 is connected to the switching valve 2 via a delay circuit 17 provided in an oil circuit 16. By providing this delay circuit 17, sudden fluctuations in oil pressure are avoided. That's what I do.

This delay circuit 17 has a built-in piston 18 inside a cylinder 22 that can be fully pressed by a spring 19, and
2 are provided with oil relief holes 21 and 26, and when in neutral, the piston 18 does not move and maintains the state shown in Fig. 5, but this is because the circuit 20 is closed and the cylinder 22 is filled with oil. This is because there is.

As described above, in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5, although it differs depending on how the time constant of the delay device 17 is determined, that is, the diameter of the oil relief hole 21, the fitting is performed more quickly than in the first embodiment.

Next, when comparing the above-mentioned operating conditions in terms of operating oil pressure and insertion time in the diagram of Fig. 6, in the conventional example shown in Fig. 1 after operating the switching valve, the insertion time indicated by point X in the diagram As shown in Fig. 2, the insertion time is longer than that of Example 1 in Fig. 2.
In this case, the fitting time is reduced to about half of the fitting time as shown by point y in the diagram Y, and furthermore, in the second embodiment of FIG.

Further, as can be seen from the change in the working oil pressure of the present invention, since the working oil pressure at the time of fitting is low pressure, the shock at the time of fitting is almost the same as that of the conventional example.

In addition, in the above embodiments 1 and 2, one automatic two-stage pressure regulating valve 5 is used as a pressure regulating valve that can obtain a low working pressure when the engine E rotates at a low speed and obtain a high working pressure when the engine E rotates at a high speed.
However, the present invention can be effectively applied to a pressure regulating valve in which one pressure regulating valve is provided on each of the low pressure side and the high pressure side.

Further, in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the switching valve 2 is connected to the low pressure boat 12 by the hydraulic circuit 16, and the fifth
In the second embodiment shown in the figure, the low pressure port 12 and the switching valve 2 are connected by a hydraulic circuit 16 in which a delay device 17 is interposed. On the other hand, as in the third embodiment shown in FIG.
may be connected to a valve that operates in conjunction with the switching valve 2, for example, a solenoid valve 29, by the hydraulic circuit 16, and furthermore, in that case, the hydraulic circuit 1
A delay device 17 may be interposed within 6 as shown by the broken line in FIG.

Therefore, if the present invention is adopted as a pressure adjustment device for a hydraulic clutch, the pressure can be kept high until the clutch is engaged when switching to forward or reverse, and the oil pressure can be lowered just before the clutch is engaged.As a result, the engagement time is shortened. It also has the advantage of providing an ideal hydraulic clutch pressure adjustment device with soft fitting and no shock, and is particularly effective in improving ship handling performance and riding comfort in marine engines.

Note that the present invention can be effectively applied as a pressure adjustment device for hydraulic clutches in general.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of a conventional hydraulic clutch pressure adjustment device, FIG. 2 is an overall system diagram of a hydraulic clutch pressure adjustment device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the main part of the automatic two-stage pressure regulating valve shown in FIG. 1 when it is inserted into the front and back, FIG. 3 shows its state at low rotational speed, and FIG. 4 shows its state at high rotational speed. FIG. 5 is a system diagram of the main parts of the hydraulic clutch pressure adjustment device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention, FIG. 6 is the conventional example in FIG. 1, Embodiment 1 in FIG. 2,
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the working oil pressure and the fitting time for comparison with Example 2, and FIG. It is a diagram. 1...Hydraulic pump, 2...Switching valve, 3A, 3B.
...Hydraulic clutch, 5..Automatic two-stage pressure regulating valve, 6..Hydraulic pressure supply path, 12..Low pressure boat, 13..High pressure boat, 14..Lubricating oil system path, 16.. Hydraulic circuit, 1
7... Delay device, 25... Each lubricating part, 27... Drain path, 29... Solenoid valve, E... Engine. Agent Patent attorney Shin Ogawa − Patent attorney Ken Noguchi Patent attorney Kazuhiko Saishita 170 8 Figure 4 Figure 6 Valve exchange operation Figure 7

Claims (1)

[Claims] The hydraulic pressure supply path that sends the hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic pump driven by the engine to the hydraulic clutch via the switching valve is adjusted so that low working pressure is obtained when the engine rotates at low speeds, and high working pressure is obtained when the engine rotates at high speeds. In a pressure regulating device for a hydraulic clutch equipped with a pressure valve, a drain port for low operating hydraulic pressure of the pressure regulating valve is closed in neutral mode by the switching valve or a valve linked with the switching valve, and a drain path is provided during forward and backward movement.
Or a pressure adjustment device for a hydraulic clutch, which is opened to a lubricating oil path to a lubricating part of the engine.