JPS589848B2 - reversible electromagnetic clutch - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a reversible electromagnetic clutch in which the direction of rotation of an output shaft can be freely switched between forward and reverse directions.

Conventionally, as a reversible electromagnetic clutch, an output shaft is provided at the end of the input shaft and is perpendicular to the output shaft, a bevel gear is fixed to the end of the input shaft, and a bevel gear is always meshed with the bevel gear. Two bevel gears are loosely fitted onto the output shaft, and armatures that can freely rotate integrally with the output shaft and are movable in the axial direction face the two bevel gears on the output shaft. There is a gear that can be magnetically attracted to a gear so that it can rotate in two directions, forward and reverse.

In addition, the input shaft and the output shaft are provided in parallel, and are connected by two sets of gear trains or two sets of chains and a chain wheel mechanism that can be switched in two directions, so that torque can be transmitted between them in two directions. ,
There are systems in which these gear trains or chain wheel mechanisms can be switched between forward and reverse systems using electromagnetic attraction.

However, all of these have drawbacks such as large size and intense noise during power transmission, making them unsuitable for use in high-end equipment, especially small high-end equipment.

Based on the above-mentioned viewpoints, the present invention aims to provide a reversible electromagnetic clutch that is small and simple in structure.
The input shaft and output shaft are arranged concentrically, the normal rotor rotates integrally with the input shaft at all times, and the output shaft rotates integrally with the output shaft and moves in the axial direction of the output shaft so that it is magnetically attracted to the normal rotor. The output shaft passes concentrically through the L-th armature, and is capable of magnetic attraction to the reversing rotor, which is freely rotatable relative to the output shaft, and is movable in the axial direction on the forward rotating rotor. An electromagnetic clutch unit includes a forward rotating rotor and a second armature that rotates integrally,
A gear section consisting of a predetermined gear train is provided on the outside of the electromagnetic clutch section, a gear at the starting end of the gear train is a gear that rotates together with the reversing rotor, and a gear at the end rotates integrally with the output shaft. A first invention which is a gear, and a first invention which uses the first invention as a main part of the invention, and provides springs between the first armature and the forward rotation rotor and between the second armature and the reverse rotation rotor, respectively. , a second invention in which the second armature is given a habit of moving toward each other, and the first invention is the main part of the invention, a magnet is attached to either or both of the first armature and the second armature, 1, and a third invention in which the second armature is given a habit of moving toward each other.

Next, the reversible electromagnetic clutch of the present invention will be explained by way of embodiments with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the reversible electromagnetic clutch according to the invention in a half longitudinal side view.

As shown in the figure, the reversible electromagnetic clutch of the present invention consists of an electromagnetic clutch part A and a gear part B.

The electromagnetic clutch section A includes a normal rotation rotor 2 fixed to an input shaft 1 and a first field core 3 with the normal rotation rotor in between.
A first armature 5 is directly opposed to the first field core and is magnetically attracted to the forward rotating rotor 2 by applying a voltage to the first coil 4 in the first field core. B, a reversing rotor 7 through which this output shaft concentrically passes and is freely rotatable with respect to the output shaft, and a second field core 8 directly facing the second field core 8 with this reversing rotor 7 in between. The second coil, which is magnetically attracted to the reversing rotor 7 by applying a voltage to the second coil 9 in the field core 8,
It has armature 10 etc.

The input shaft 1 has a rolling bearing 11 and a plain bearing 12 on the output shaft 6.
It is supported so that it can freely rotate.

The first armature 5 also has a hub 13 fixed to the output shaft 6.
The output shaft is fitted into the square guide shaft portion 13A of the output shaft.
6 and is supported so as to be movable in the axial direction of the output shaft 6.

The first motor is mounted on the input shaft 1 via a rolling bearing 14.
The field core 3 also serves as a cap for a cylindrical casing 15 that houses the gear part B and the electromagnetic clutch part A.

An input flange 16 for attaching a member that connects the input shaft 1 and an external drive source, such as an input pulley or an input gear (none of which are shown), is fixed to the input shaft 1 on the outside of the casing 15, that is, on the outside of the first field core 3. It is done. The outer ring 11A of the rolling bearing 11 is connected to the input flange 1.
It is fixed at 6.

The forward rotating rotor 2 has a peripheral wall portion 2A having a sufficient height such that its tip is at least in the same plane as the rear surface of the hub 13.

This peripheral wall portion 2A is provided with notches 17 at equally divided positions, and a notch 18 provided on the outer periphery of the second armature 10 is engaged with the notches 17.

The second armature 10 is engaged with the notch 17 of the normal rotor 2, thereby allowing the normal rotation rotors 2 to rotate together and to move in the axial direction on the normal rotation rotor 2.

The depth of the notch 17 is equal to the depth of the square guide shaft portion 13A of the hub 13.
When the first armature 5 is located at the innermost part of
That is, when the first armature 5 is at the farthest position from the forward rotating rotor 2, the 27th armature 10. The height of the peripheral wall portion 2A is determined such that a predetermined interval is secured between the second armature 10 that is engaged with the notch 17.
The dimensions are determined so that the rotor does not fall off even when it is magnetically attracted to the reversing rotor 7.

The hub 13 is prevented from rotating with respect to the output shaft 6 by a pin 19, so that the hub 13 is rotated together with the output shaft 6.

The reversing rotor 7 has a plain bearing 20 and a rolling bearing 21 on the output shaft 6.
It is supported so that it can freely rotate.

A gear 22 is fixed to the rear end boss portion 7a of the reversing rotor 7.

This gear 22 becomes the starting gear of a series of gear trains 23 forming the gear portion B.

A gear train 23 includes a gear 24 that meshes with the gear 22.
4, a gear 26 that meshes with the gear 25, and a gear that is fixed on the output shaft 6 and meshes with the gear 26, as shown in the configuration diagram of the gear train in FIG. 27 etc.

The gear 27 becomes the terminal gear of the gear train 23, and when the reversing rotor 7 is rotated together with the normal rotor 2 due to magnetic attraction of the second armature 10, the gear 27 rotates in the opposite direction to the reversing rotor 7, that is, the gear 22 The output shaft 6 is rotated in a direction opposite to that of the input shaft 1.

As described above, the input shaft 1 supports the output shaft 6 with the rolling bearing 11 and the flat bearing 12, and the input shaft 1 is supported by the first field core 3 via the rolling bearing 14.
The output shaft 6 is indirectly supported by the casing 15 via the input shaft 1, while the rear end of the output shaft 6 is supported by a rolling bearing 2.
It is supported by the casing 15 via 8.

Further, the gears 24 and 25 are supported by a shaft 29 at the bottom of the casing 15 so as to be freely rotatable.

The gear ratio between the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 6 is determined by the configuration of the gear train 23, but in the reversible electromagnetic clutch of the present invention, the electromagnetic clutch section A can be modified by simply changing the configuration of the gear train 23. This means that the gear ratio between the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 6 can be changed without having to do so.

The reversible electromagnetic clutch of the first invention having the above-mentioned configuration has the following features:
By transmitting the external driving force from the input flange 16 to the input shaft 1, the input shaft 1 is always kept in a rotating state.
No torque is transmitted to the output shaft 6, which is inserted concentrically into the input shaft 1 via the rolling bearing 11 and the plain bearing 12.

Here, when a voltage is applied to the first coil 4, a magnetic flux is formed across the first field core 3, the normal rotor 2 rotating integrally with the input shaft 1, and the first armature 5, and the first The armature 5 is magnetically attracted to the forward rotating rotor 2.

When the first armature 5 is attracted to the normal rotation rotor 2, both rotate together, and the output shaft 6 to which the hub 13 is fixed also rotates in the same direction as the normal rotation rotor 2, that is, the same direction as the input shaft 1. The torque is transmitted in the forward rotation state.

When the voltage application to the first coil is stopped, the first armature 5 is released from the state of adsorption to the normal rotation rotor 2, so the output shaft 6 receiving the output side load stops.

Next, when a voltage is applied to the second yoil 9, a magnetic flux is formed across the second field core 8, the reversing rotor 7, and the second armature 10, and the second armature 10 comes to be magnetically attracted to the reversing rotor 7. .

When the second armature 10 is attracted to the reversing rotor 7,
The normal rotor 2 is transferred from the normal rotor 2 rotating integrally with the input shaft 1 to the reverse rotation rotor 7 via the second armature 10.
Torque transmission occurs in the same direction as .

When the rotation of the reversing rotor 7 starts, the gear 22 also starts rotating together, so all the gears 24, 25, 26, 27 of the gear train 23 with this gear 22 as the starting gear are rotated at the same time, and are the ending gear. Output shaft 6 integrated with gear 27
The input shaft 2 is rotated in the same direction as the input shaft 2, that is, in the opposite direction to the input shaft 2, and torque is transmitted.

At this time, the gear ratio between the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 6 is the gear train 23.
It is specified by the configuration of

The reversible electromagnetic clutch of the second invention, which is shown in a half-sectional view from five sides in FIG. A corrugated plate spring 30 is installed, and an annular corrugated plate spring 31 is installed between the reversing rotor 7 and the second armature 10. By adding these annular corrugated plate springs 30 and 31, the first coil 4 or the second coil 9 is removed, both armatures move toward each other and separate from the forward rotating rotor 2 or the reverse rotating rotor 7. This invention is better than the first invention.

As described above, the structure and operation of both the electromagnetic clutch section A and the gear section B except for the annular wave plate springs 30 and 31 are the same as those of the first invention.
The explanation in the first invention is used in all cases.

The reversible electromagnetic clutch of the third invention, shown in a half longitudinal side view in FIG. 4, has a magnet 32 fixed to the back surface of the first armature 5 in the reversible electromagnetic clutch of the first invention. , similar to the second invention, the moment the voltage application to the first coil 4 or the second coil 9 is released,
The energy of the magnet 32 causes the first and second armatures 5 and 10 to move toward each other.

It should be noted that the third invention is similar to the first invention in the entire structure and operation thereof except for the magnet 32, so the explanation in the first invention is referred to.

As is clear from the above description, according to the reversible electromagnetic clutch of the present invention, since the first and second armatures are movably supported in the axial direction on the hub and the normal rotating rotor, the assembly structure is extremely simple. , the operation is reliable, and in particular, the gear part is provided outside the electromagnetic clutch part, and the reverse operation and flux ratio are determined by the configuration of the gear train of this gear part, so just by changing the configuration of the gear train, It can be modified to a reversible electromagnetic clutch with different characteristics without modifying the electromagnetic clutch section, can withstand long-term use, and can be significantly downsized, providing excellent effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a half-part longitudinal sectional side view showing an embodiment of the reversible electromagnetic clutch of the first invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the meshing state of gears in the embodiment of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is the second invention. Fig. 4 is a half longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of the reversible electromagnetic clutch according to the third invention. In the drawings, A...electromagnetic clutch part, B...gear part, 1...input shaft, 2...normal rotation rotor, 2A...peripheral wall part, 3...
・First field core, 4...first coil, 5...
First armature, 6... Output shaft, 7... Reversing rotor, 7a... Boss portion, 8... Second field core,
9...Second coil, 10...Second armature, 1
3...Hub, 13A...Square guide shaft part, 15...
Casing, 16...Cuff flange, 17, 18...
・Notch, 19... Pin, 22, 24, 25, 26, 2
7... Gear, 23... Gear train, 29... Shaft, 30
, 31...Negular wave plate spring, 32...Magnet.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A normal rotor that rotates integrally with the input shaft, an output shaft that passes concentrically through the input shaft, and is capable of being magnetically attracted to the normal rotor and is movable in the axial direction of the output shaft, and The first armature rotates integrally with the output shaft, and the output shaft passes through the shaft concentrically,
A reversing rotor that can freely rotate with respect to the output shaft, and a second armature that can be magnetically attracted to the reversing rotor, can be moved in the axial direction on the forward rotor, and rotates integrally with the forward rotor. an electromagnetic clutch section having an electromagnetic clutch section, and a gear section consisting of a series of gear trains connecting a gear integral with the reversing rotor and a gear integral with the output shaft is provided on the outside of the electromagnetic clutch section. A reversible electromagnetic clutch characterized by: 2. A forward rotating rotor that rotates integrally with the input shaft, an output shaft that extends concentrically through the input shaft, and is capable of being magnetically attracted to the forward rotating rotor, is movable in the axial direction of the output shaft, and rotates integrally with the output shaft. The first armature and the output shaft pass concentrically through each other, and the reversing rotor is freely rotatable relative to the output shaft, and the reversing rotor is magnetically adsorbed freely, and is movable in the axial direction on the forward rotating rotor. a second armature that rotates integrally with the rotating rotor, and between the first armature and the normal rotating rotor and between the second armature and the rotating rotor, respectively, so as to give the first and second armatures a tendency to move in a mutually approaching direction. an electromagnetic clutch part having a spring provided therein, and a gear part comprising a series of gear trains connecting a gear integral with the reversing rotor and a gear integral with the output shaft on the outside of the electromagnetic clutch part; A reversible electromagnetic clutch characterized by the provision of a reversible electromagnetic clutch. 3. A forward rotating rotor that rotates integrally with the input shaft, an output shaft that passes concentrically through the input shaft, and is capable of being magnetically attracted to the forward rotating rotor, is movable in the axial direction of the output shaft, and rotates integrally with the output shaft. The first armature and the output shaft pass through concentrically,
a reversing rotor that can freely rotate with respect to the output shaft; a second armature that can freely magnetically attract the reversing rotor, can move in the axial direction on the normal rotor, and rotates integrally with the normal rotor; an electromagnetic clutch section having a magnet fixed to either or both of the first armature and the second armature so as to give the first and second armatures a tendency to approach each other; The reversible electromagnetic clutch is characterized in that the reversible electromagnetic clutch is provided with a gear portion consisting of a series of gear trains connecting a gear integral with the reversing rotor and a gear integral with the output shaft.