JPS589777B2 - porcelain ceramics - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to porcelain ceramics, and in particular to the microscopic structure of porcelain ceramics.

Ceramics are hygienic and beautiful and are used in a wide range of fields such as tableware and building materials.Porcelain ceramics have little shrinkage when fired, and are made by utilizing the properties of pyrofluorite, which is a raw material that expands when fired. Although it has been obtained, since it is porcelain, that is, it has continuous pores, it has water absorption properties, is brittle, and has poor weather resistance and durability.

At present, no expandable raw material as described above has been found that can be used as a raw material for porcelain ceramics having high strength, weather resistance, and durability.

So-called foamable raw materials are known as expandable raw materials for porcelain ceramics.

However, porcelain ceramics (fired foam) using this foamable raw material have poor dimensional accuracy because it is difficult to control the foaming.

There is no doubt that porcelain ceramics with good dimensional accuracy at the above-mentioned technical level, that is, porcelain ceramics with firing characteristics such as porcelain ceramics with little firing shrinkage, will bring great benefits to the ceramics industry.

Before the present invention was completed, the inventors discovered that dry or semi-dry press molding of odd-shaped products could be performed well by using clay containing feldspar, talc, and bentonite in various proportions, and found that various types of We manufactured irregularly shaped ceramics and confirmed that the firing shrinkage rate was small.

Next, we began testing to manufacture porcelain interior tiles as cold-resistant tiles using this type of substrate.

Conventionally, cold-resistant tiles were made by impregnating ceramic interior tiles with silicone water repellent, but the silicone water repellent had to be impregnated separately, and furthermore, the silicone water repellent was not perfect and the silicone water repellent There was also no water repellent that could be used as a water solution.

Based on numerous tests, it has been confirmed that this blended clay has a small firing shrinkage rate and can be made into porcelain with accurate dimensions.

The present invention was completed by observing the obtained porcelain ceramic with an electron microscope, and it was found that this porcelain ceramic had a surprisingly large number of independent pores with a relatively uniform size of about 20 to 50 μφ. It existed in a uniformly distributed state.

Figure 1 shows an electron micrograph of conventional porcelain ceramics (
The size of the pores is approximately 20 μφ or less, and the number of pores is small, as shown in the attached figures.

However, electron micrographs of the porcelain ceramic of the present invention are attached as Figure 3 (photo of the surface of the base) and Figure 4 (photo of the inside of the base), and the pores are larger than those of the conventional one. Although there are many of them, they are not as large as porcelain ceramics (fired foams) that use foaming raw materials, and there are not many of them.The biggest difference is that abnormal expansion (foaming phenomenon) like fired foams does not occur. There is no point.

The bulk specific gravity of conventional porcelain ceramics is 2.3 to 2.4.
However, the bulk specific gravity of the porcelain ceramic of the present invention is about 20, that is, 1.8 to 2.2.

Such a porcelain ceramic according to the present invention is produced by adding 1/1/2 of this weight to a raw material that can be turned into porcelain, such as feldspar or (and) china stone or (and) china clay or (and) sericite.
3 to 3 times talc and 5 to 15% by weight of total weight
After mixing bentonite corresponding to SK and molding it appropriately,
It can be manufactured by firing at a high temperature of 3a to SK8.

The firing shrinkage rate at this time was 1 to 5%, and this firing characteristic was not found in conventional products.

Next, preparation examples of conventional porcelain ceramics are shown in Table 1, Conventional Example 1, and preparation examples of the porcelain ceramics of the present invention are shown in Table 1, Examples 1, 2, and 3.

Table 2 shows test data at each firing temperature for the formulation examples listed in Table 1.

According to the data listed in Table 2 above, it is impossible for conventional porcelain ceramics to reduce the firing shrinkage to 5% or less in the range of water absorption of less than 1%, which is generally referred to as porcelain. , which has been completed by the present invention, and has great industrial utility value.

The range changes like SK4a to SK7 in Example 2, SK3a to SK5a in Example 3,
In a firing range lower than SK3a or higher than SK8, the porcelain ceramic of the present invention could not be produced by any blending.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an electron micrograph of the surface of a conventional porcelain ceramic, Fig. 2 is an electron micrograph of the inside of the conventional porcelain ceramic, and Fig. 3 is an electron micrograph of the surface of the porcelain ceramic of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an electron micrograph of the inside of the porcelain ceramic matrix of the present invention. Note that the magnification of all the photographs is 200 times, one graduation of the scale in the photographs represents a length of 50 μm, and the total length of the scale represents a length of 200 μm.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. One or more types of raw materials that can be made into porcelain, such as feldspar, pottery stone, china clay, and sericite, are blended with talc in an amount of 1/3 to 3 times the weight and bentonite in an amount of 5 to 15% by weight of the total weight. It is made by firing at a high temperature of SK3a to SK8, and has many independent pores of relatively uniform size of about 20 to 50μφ, which are distributed relatively uniformly,
A porcelain ceramic characterized by having a bulk specific gravity of 1.8 to 2.2 and a firing shrinkage rate of 1 to 5%.