JPS5882020A - Turbosupercharger for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention includes a turbine driven by exhaust gas from an engine, and a compressor driven by the turbine and connected to an inlet manifold of an engine to pressurize fluid within the engine. This invention relates to a turbo supercharger for internal combustion engines.

The turbo supercharger is designed to generate as high a pressure as possible in the inlet manifold of the engine at low mtm speeds and low loads associated with the engine to obtain as much profit as possible from the turbo supercharger. This would result in excessive pressurization at high engine speeds and high loads. In order to minimize the risk of damage to the engine, it is known to provide various types of valves that are operated to control the degree of pressurization.

These various types of valves include, for example, valves that act as throttles at the inlet and outlet of the compressor, space valves provided between the inlet and outlet of the compressor, and valves at the outlet of the turbine. Throttle valves installed and wastegates installed before the inlet of the turbine are known. However, these known valves have the disadvantage that they result in considerable throttling or energy losses which increase the fuel consumption of the engine.

An object of the present invention is to provide a turbo supercharger that can control the pressure at the outlet of the compressor while minimizing energy loss.

According to this invention, the first turbine is driven by the exhaust gas of the engine, the compressor is driven by the first turbine and is connected to the inlet manifold of the engine for pressurizing fluid in the engine, and the first turbine is connected to the inlet manifold of the engine. and a second turbine mechanically coupled to a rotating part driven by the compressor or engine, a passageway for connecting the inlet of the second turbine to the outlet of the compressor, and a passage for fluid flowing through the passageway. A turbo supercharger for an internal combustion engine is provided having a valve for controlling flow.

The present invention will be explained below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a turbo supercharger for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention, and 10 is a radial flow type turbine provided in a casing. This casing has an inlet connected to the exhaust manifold 11 of the engine 12. This engine 12 is of a compression ignition type. The turbine casing has an outlet 13 connected to the exhaust H@ of the engine 12.

A main compression l 114 is provided within the casing, which has an inlet 15 and an outlet connected to the air inlet manifold 16 of the engine 12. The compressor 14 is of the radial flow type and is connected to the turbine 10 by a shaft 17. A turbo supercharger is installed in a compression-ignition engine such that as the load on the engine 12 and the speed of the engine increases, the exhaust gases from the engine drive the turbine 10 and the air supplied to the inlet manifold 16 increases. This increases the power generated by the engine.

Based on this invention, another turbine 18 (hereinafter referred to as the first turbine and the second turbine) is provided to control the pressure of the air in the inlet manifold 16 of the IIII 112. This second turbine 18 is mounted on the shaft 17 and has an inlet connected to one end of the passage 19 .

The other end of passage 19 is connected to the outlet of compression 1114. A valve 20 is provided within passage 19 and is operated to control the flow of air through passage 19 and into second turbine 18 . The outlet of the second turbine 18 is connected to the compressor 140 inlet by another passage 21 . If necessary,
The passageway 21 may connect to a diffuser ring 22 having multiple outlets or through holes.

Figure 2 shows engine speed (N) and compression 1114 output pressure (P
). The solid line indicates the output pressure of the compressor 14 when the second turbine 18 is not provided. In this case it can be seen that the pressure increases with the speed of the engine and it is necessary to provide some pressure control device in the am, such as the valve mentioned above. The dashed line in FIG. 2 shows the pressure control scheme obtained by opening the valve 20. In this case, air from the outlet of the compressor 14 drives the second turbine 18 and this air is returned to the inlet of the compressor 14.

FIG. 3 shows the relationship between engine speed and pressure at the inlet of the first turbine 10. The upper curve shows the conventional one;
The central curve shows that of the present invention.

The lower curve in FIG. 3 shows the desired compressor outlet pressure.

As is clear from this figure, in the conventional turbo supercharger, the pressure at the exhaust inlet increases significantly as the engine speed increases compared to when the second turbine of the present invention is used. The hatched area between the upper curve and the middle curve shows the energy savings when using the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows the fuel consumption of the known engine, denoted A, the one according to the invention, denoted B, and the preferred one, denoted C. The hatched area shows the energy savings when using the above-described bypass method. There is.

However, the second turbine 18 is connected to the rotating part of the engine and the energy recovered from the air taken from the outlet of the compressor 114 is supplied to the engine itself or to an accessory of the engine such as a generator. As mentioned above, the structure of the present invention can be constructed with only slight modifications to known turbo-superchargers and by placing another turbine on the opposite side of the compressor backplate. The control strategy described above allows the turbine and pressure ms to be made smaller than usual and in particular to reduce the inertia of the rotating parts. This allows the turbo supercharger to respond more quickly during III acceleration. Many turbo superchargers require a cooling system (an intercooler) to cool the air supplied from the compressor outlet to the inlet manifold.

However, in the present invention, the necessity of providing the cooling device M (intercooler) is reduced, and the air pressure supplied to the engine can be controlled without using a wastegate.

Note that the turbo supercharger of the present invention can also be used in gasoline or gas engines that can be equipped with conventional carburetors or fuel injection devices.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a quantitative representation of an embodiment of the turbo supercharger for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the engine speed and the output pressure of the compressor between the known turbo supercharger and the present invention. Figure 3 is a diagram of the relationship between engine speed and pressure at the inlet of the turbine for the known engine, the invention according to the present invention, and the ideal engine. FIG. 10... First turbine, 11... Exhaust manifold,
12... Engine, 13... Outlet, 14... Compressor,
15... Inlet, 16... Air inlet manifold, 17... Shaft, 18... Second turbine, 19...
Passage, 20... Valve, 21... Passage, 22... Differential user ring. Applicant's agent Patent attorney Takehiko Suzue 9-

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A first turbine driven by the exhaust gas of the engine, a compressor driven by the first turbine and connected to the inlet manifold of the engine to pressurize the fluid in the engine, and a second turbine. , the inlet of this second turbine is connected to the compressor output 11 (2 K@Hata 6
The second turbine is equipped with a valve for controlling the flow of the fluid flowing through the first turbine and the front compressor or the second turbine. A turbo supercharger for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that the turbo supercharger is mechanically coupled to a rotating part operated by the engine. (2) The outlet of the second turbine is at the pressure Ii! A turbo supercharger for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the turbo supercharger is connected to an inlet of an engine. (A first turbine driven by the exhaust gas of 3119, and a via
a compressor connected to an inlet manifold of the engine for pressurizing fluid within the engine; and an outlet connected to the inlet of the compressor and rotated by the first turbine and the compressor or the engine. a second turbine mechanically coupled to the compressor; a passage for connecting an inlet of the second turbine to an outlet of the compressor; and a valve for controlling the flow of fluid through the passage. , a diffuser ring for allowing air exiting the outlet of the second turbine to pass to the inlet of the compressor.