JPS5871605A - Self-holding type solenoid - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a self-holding type solenoid powerful and low power consumptive, by a method wherein permanent magnets are fixed to both sides of an axis of a movable iron core symmetrically facing with each other, movably yokes are disposed on the outsides of the magnets facing a fixed yoke, and a fixed iron core and a movable iron core are disposed also facing with each other. CONSTITUTION:A fixed iron core 41 is caulked inside of a U-shaped fixed yoke 40, an electromagnetic coil 42 is fitted therein, a non-magnetic mounting plate 43 is caulked to the fixed yoke 40, a square bar 45 is movably inserted to a square hole provided in the center of the electromagnetic coil 42, flat permanent magnets 47 are adhered to both sides of a head 46, a movable yokes 48 are adhered outside thereof. A movable iron core 44 is provided with a deep hole in the center thereof, to which a spring 49 is fitted, and is provided with a valve body 51 having a valve rubber 50 on the end surface of the head 46. 52 is a valve seat. The movable iron core 44 is adsorbed by magnetic force, when the electromagnetic coi 42 is excited instantaneously or the valve body is opened. The movalbe iron core 44 is released and the valve seat 52 is closed, when the magnetic coil 42 is instantaneously applied with the inverse exciting current, as it weakens the magnetic field, decreasing adsorbability.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention is capable of self-holding, in which the movable core is attracted by instantaneous energization of the electromagnetic coil or manually, and is held by a permanent magnet, and the movable core is completely detached by an instantaneous reverse excitation current. Regarding type solenoids, the purpose is to make them particularly powerful and compact.

In recent years, there has been a growing need for smaller, resource-saving home appliances and housing-related equipment, and solenoids are no exception, and it is important that they be smaller and consume less power.

First, the structure, operation, and drawbacks of a conventional self-holding solenoid will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

It is applied as a magnetic valve, and a guide tube 2 is formed inside the electromagnetic coil 1 using a non-magnetic brass tube. A movable iron core 4t that can be moved is provided, a valve body 6 having a valve rubber 6 fixed to the end face of the movable iron core 4 is fixed, and the outside of the electromagnetic coil 1 is surrounded by a yoke 7, and the end under the yoke is A permanent magnet 8 is fully fixed to the inner side and facing the movable iron core 4, a guide tube 2 is attached to the inner side of the permanent magnet, and a plurality of iron plates 9 are stacked so as to surround the movable iron core 4.1. A non-magnetic plate 10 is fixed to the end of the U-shaped yoke 7 by caulking with 0 gold, and a spring 11 is inserted between the non-magnetic plate 10 and the valve body 6. Note that the two-dot chain line indicates the valve seat 12.

In the conventional example shown in FIG. 1, when an instantaneous excitation current is applied to the electromagnetic coil 1, the movable iron core 4 is attracted to the fixed iron core 3, and even if the current in the electromagnetic coil 1 disappears, the F moving iron core 4 is fixed by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 8. It is held while being attracted to the iron core 3 (that is, it is held while using the valve body 6 and the valve seat 6. Also, when a current is instantaneously passed through the electromagnetic coil λ1 in the direction of the advancing magnet, the instantaneous permanent magnet 8 In order to cancel and reduce the strength of the magnetic field, the movable iron core 4
The force of attracting and holding the valve decreases, and the force of the spring 11 becomes relatively large, so the movable core 4 separates from the fixed core 3, and the valve body 6 closes the valve seat 12.

The action is as described above, but if we now look at the magnetic circuit with the movable iron core 4 adsorbed and held on the fixed iron core 3,
The magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 8 is transmitted from the iron plate 9 to the movable iron core 4 and the fixed iron core 3.
, passes through the yoke 7 and returns to the permanent magnet 8 again, but in this magnetic flux path, a magnetic gap inevitably occurs between the iron plate 9 and the movable iron core 4, the magnetic resistance increases, and the ripple magnetic flux also increases. The area of the funtake permanent magnet 8 must be increased. Not only that, the magnetic air gap between the iron plate 9 and the movable iron core 4 acts as a resistance to the passage of magnetic flux against the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil when a reverse excitation current is passed through it, so the reverse excitation current is applied to remove the magnetic flux. Make it bigger or electromagnetic coil 1
The number of turns must be increased. In other words, this conventional self-holding solenoid requires a large coil volume and becomes large, and if you try to make it smaller, it requires a large voltage and
There was a problem with power consumption. FIG. 2 shows another conventional example, in which an electromagnetic coil 21 is inserted into a fixed yoke 20 whose suction surface 20' has been cut, polished and plated, and fixed with a filler 22. A movable yoke 23 having a substantially cylindrical concave shape is provided opposite the attracting surface of the yoke 20, and a cylindrical permanent magnet 24" ft is placed in close contact with the inner bottom surface of the movable yoke 23, and a magnetic conductor 26 is placed in close contact with the permanent magnet 24. After fixing all the filling material 26 in the movable yoke! 23, remove the movable yoke 23 and the magnetic conductor 26.
A self-holding solenoid with a suction surface 23'25''i cut, polished and plated is applied to a solenoid valve.The movable yoke 23 is manually attached to the upper center of the magnetic conductor '26. is adsorbed and held on the fixed yoke 20, and the valve body 29t-"
The shaft of the operating knob 30 for opening the valve is fixed, and a renal diaphragm 31 is provided for airtight separation between the fluid passage and the venous part. In the above configuration, when the operating knobs 6, -1 and 30 are pulled up, the movable yoke 23 is attracted to the fixed yoke 20 by the permanent magnet 24, and the valve body 29 is placed in the "open" state.
k (N times.) When a reverse excitation current that generates a magnetic field in the direction opposite to that of the permanent magnet 24 is instantaneously passed through the electromagnetic coil 21, the strong magnetic field of the permanent magnet 24 is canceled out and the movable yoke 2
3 decreases, and the force of the spring 27 becomes relatively large, so the movable yoke 23 separates from the fixed yoke 2o, and the valve body 29 enters the "closed" state. In terms of the magnetic circuit, when the movable yoke 23 is attracted and held by the fixed yoke 2o, the attraction surface 20' of the fixed yoke 2o, the attraction surface 23' of the magnetic conductor 26 of the movable yoke 23, 26' are in close contact with each other, and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 24 is transferred from the magnetic conductor 26 to the fixed yoke 20.
There is no apparent gap in the magnetic flux path that returns to the permanent magnet 24 via the movable yoke 23, and the magnetic resistance of the path is small. However, if the distance between the outer surface of the cylindrical permanent magnet 24 and the inner wall of the cylindrical movable yoke 23 is not sufficiently large, the short-circuit leakage magnetic flux around the permanent magnet 24 will increase, resulting in a decrease in the attraction coercive force. . This wave/magnetic flux is present in large amounts also in the magnetic conductors 7, . . . 26 and the inner wall portion of the movable yoke 23.

Therefore, in order to reduce these short-circuit leakage magnetic fluxes, the inner diameter of the movable yoke 23 must be made considerably larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical magnet 24 and the magnetic conductor 26, resulting in the problem of an increase in the size of the solenoid. There is.

In terms of comparing the magnet cross-sectional area, if you want to use a cylindrical magnet 24 with a cross-sectional area equivalent to two flat magnets 8 like the conventional example shown in FIG. Dimension f
Assuming 10 mm x 20 Inn, the cross-sectional diameter of the cylindrical magnet in the conventional example shown in Fig. 2 is about 23 ff 1 m, and the diameter of the movable yoke 23 on the outside needs to be even thicker. It can be seen that the size increases.

FIG. 31X shows a characteristic diagram of the two types of conventional examples described above and the self-holding type solenoid of the present invention, which were experimentally manufactured with approximately the same external dimensions and actually measured. The horizontal axis shows the gap distance G between the fixed iron core 3 and the movable iron core 4 or the fixed yoke 2o and the movable yoke 23, and the vertical axis shows the attraction force F. Self-holding type sof of the present invention
The characteristics of the lenoid are shown by a solid line, the characteristics of the conventional example in FIG. 1 are shown by a broken line B, and the characteristics of the conventional example in FIG. 2 are shown by a dotted line C, respectively.

The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems and realize a self-holding solenoid that is small, powerful, and consumes low power. FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention. A fixed iron core 41 is caulked and fixed to the inner center of the U-shaped identification yoke 4o, an electromagnetic coil 42 is fitted onto the fixed iron core 41, and a non-magnetic mounting plate 43 is fixedly attached so as to press and fix the electromagnetic coil 42. The fixed side magnetic circuit is configured by caulking the iron 42, and the square column part 46 of the movable core 44 is slidably inserted into the central square hole of the electromagnetic coil 42, and the head of the movable core 44 is inserted into the central square hole of the electromagnetic coil 42. A flat permanent magnet 47 is adhered to both sides of the permanent magnet 46, and a movable yoke 48 is fixed to the outside of the permanent magnet 47 by adhesive, thereby forming a movable side magnetic circuit. In addition, a deep hole is provided in the center of the surface of the movable core 44 facing the fixed core 41, and a spring 49 is attached thereto.
At the center of the direction of the head 46 of 4 is a valve body 6 having a valve rubber 60.
1 is fixed. 62 indicates a valve seat. With the above configuration, when the electromagnetic coil 42 is momentarily excited or the valve body 61 is pushed open with a separately provided manual operation shaft (not shown), the movable core 44 is attracted to the fixed core 41 by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 47. Holding it still makes me vomit. Furthermore, when a reverse excitation current, that is, a current is instantaneously passed through the electromagnetic coil 42 in a direction that generates a magnetic field in the direction opposite to that of the permanent magnet 47, the strength of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 47 is instantaneously canceled out and the strength of the magnetic field is reduced. The adsorption and holding power decreases.

The force of the tin ring 49 becomes relatively large, the movable core 44 separates from the fixed core 41, and the valve body 61 moves toward the valve seat 62.
Close.

Since the self-holding solenoid of the present invention has a configuration in which the permanent magnets 47 are fixed to face each other symmetrically with respect to the axis of the movable iron core 44 of the movable side magnetic circuit, the permanent magnet 47 The total cross-sectional area can be configured to be sufficiently large. Furthermore, while the fixed iron core 41 and the movable iron core 44 are in contact with each other, the movable yoke 48 can be adhered to the permanent magnet 47 so as to be in close contact with the fixed yoke 4o, so that the movable iron core 44 is in the attracted @N state. At the time of magnetic circuit height, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 47 flows from the movable iron core 44 to the fixed iron core 41, the fixed yoke 10,...
.

There is no gap in the magnetic flux path that passes through the movable yoke after 40i and returns to the permanent magnet 47 again, and the magnetic resistance of the path is small. With the configuration of the present invention, even if the length dimensions of the fixed iron core 41 and the movable iron core 44 and the dimensions of the fixed yoke 4° and the movable yoke 48 vary slightly, the movable yoke 48 can be bonded. Since it is possible to absorb dimensional variations and bring each suction surface into close contact with each other, it is easy to process and assemble parts. Furthermore, since the magnetic resistance is small as described above, the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 47 can efficiently act as an attraction and retention force in the attraction and retention state, making it possible to realize a small and strong self-retention type slide. This is because not only the permanent magnet 47 attracts and holds the electromagnetic coil 47, but also acts efficiently against the reverse magnetic field generated when a reverse excitation current is passed through the electromagnetic coil 42. The current is low enough that it can be removed. Therefore, a self-holding solenoid with a small electromagnetic coil 42 and low power consumption can be realized.

Fig. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and the same parts as in the embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals 46' and 46'. Using a square bar hammer such as a drawn square material, some parts are forged. The spring 4
The structure is such that it is installed between the head s46' of the solid iron core 44' and the winding frame 63 of the electromagnetic coil 42. The action of adsorption and desorption is the same as that of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
The explanation will be omitted. In this embodiment, since the movable iron core 44' is configured as described above, the total cutting work of the parts during manufacture can be greatly reduced, requiring only press work and a small amount of cutting work, and the number of processing steps and costs can also be reduced. Further, since the winding diameter of the spring 49' can be increased while keeping the external dimensions of the solenoid exactly the same as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a spring with a large set load and a small spring constant can be used. Therefore, when the solenoid of this embodiment is applied to an electromagnetic cutoff valve, etc., when the spring 49' is compressed in the adsorption/holding state and a reverse excitation current is instantaneously applied to the electromagnetic coil 42, the movable iron core 44' is detached. Then, the valve rubber 60 closes the valve seat 62, and the spring 49' extends to the state shown in FIG. At this time, since the spring constant of the spring 49' is small, the valve seat 52 can be closed with a force slightly smaller than the set load of the spring 49' in the suction holding state, and the fluid can be completely shut off. For example, the set load of the spring 49' in the suction holding state! i100
0g, spring constant 100y/aIm, valve body 6
If the stroke of 1 is 8mm, the valve closing force is 1o o
o-* o o (ham) x s (1m) =
200 (ro) becomes 20Of, but it's the same! With a set load l of 1ooot, the spring constant is 60y, A
If m, then if the valve stroke is the same gmm, the valve closing force is 1000? −60t/”' X5IIlIn=600y
T600? You can make it bigger.

6 and 7 are perspective views showing some of the components of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 for easy understanding. As can be seen from the figure, the hole in which the movable core 44' of the winding frame 63 of the electromagnetic coil is inserted into the sliding system is formed into a rectangular cylindrical shape, and the movable core prismatic section 46' is configured to slide. Iron core 44
Function to prevent dust from rolling 3. The adsorption surfaces of the fixed yoke 40 and the movable yoke 48 can always be aligned in a stable direction. The same effect can be obtained if the cross-sectional shape is non-circular, such as a hexagon or an ellipse, in addition to a square.

Furthermore, FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which an electromagnetic coil A
The flange of the /42 winding frame 63' is caulked and fixed to the fixed yoke 40, and the electromagnetic coil 42 can be fixed completely, and the non-magnetic plate 430 part is not required, making the configuration simpler and easier to assemble. It is easy and costs can be reduced.

As explained in detail above, the present invention has a movable yoke in which permanent magnets are fixed to face each other symmetrically with respect to the axis of a movable iron core of a movable-side magnetic circuit, and a movable yoke fixed roughly to the outside thereof. Because it is configured so that it faces the iron, and the fixed and movable cores also face each other, the total cross-sectional area of the permanent magnet can be increased, and there is almost no magnetic gap when the permanent magnet is held in place, and there is little disturbance magnetic flux. It becomes an efficient magnetic circuit, and the electromagnetic coil ampere-turn for generating the reverse magnetic field for separation is small, making it extremely compact and powerful.
, - It is possible to realize an excellent self-holding solenoid with low power consumption.

When this self-holding solenoid is applied to safety valves for fuel cutoff of gas and oil equipment, solenoids for releasing mechanism locks, etc., it is small, powerful, and low-power, so it can reduce the size of equipment and reduce power consumption. The practical value of the present invention is great, such as improving safety and making it possible to realize high value-added equipment.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and B are a plan view and a front sectional view of a self-holding solenoid showing a conventional example, Figure 2 is a sectional view of a self-holding solenoid valve showing another conventional example, and Figure 3 is a conventional example and the present invention. Characteristic diagram of the self-holding type solenoid in Figure 4, B, 0 is a plan view, front sectional view, and side view of the self-holding type solenoid showing an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 6 is a characteristic diagram of the self-holding type solenoid in the same place. A cross-sectional view of a self-holding type solenoid showing one embodiment, FIGS. An example from the same place is 16, -・
- A cross-sectional view and a bottom view of the self-retaining solenoid shown in FIG. 4o... Fixed yoke, 41... Fixed iron core, 42... Electromagnetic coil, 44.44'...
...Movable iron core, 47...Permanent magnet, 48...
...Movable yoke, 49.49'...Spring. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
Figure Figure 3/1, G-Otaru Figure 6 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 1 =22-

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A fixed-side magnetic circuit consisting of an electromagnetic coil, a fixed iron core inside the electromagnetic coil, and a fixed yoke outside the electromagnetic coil, and a fixed yoke that is attracted to the fixed iron core and separated by a spring. A movable iron core is provided to be slidable within the electromagnetic coil, and permanent magnets are fixed to face each other symmetrically with respect to the axis of the movable iron core, and a movable yoke is attached to the outer surface of both of the permanent magnets. A self-holding type slide/id having a fixed movable side magnetic circuit, the movable yoke and the fixed yoke facing each other. (2) A self-holding solenoid according to claim 1, wherein the movable iron core is composed of a rod material and a plate material bent into a trowel shape. (3) The sliding part of the movable core inside the electromagnetic coil is formed into a square cylindrical shape, and the movable core is made of a bar with a non-circular cross section.
A self-holding type 22, 7, solenoid according to claim 1. (4) While the fixed iron core and the movable iron core are in contact with each other, place the movable yoke in close opposition to the fixed yoke, and place it in contact with the permanent magnet.
'C% The self-holding solenoid according to claim 1. (6) A self-holding solenoid as set forth in claim 1, wherein one side of the winding frame flange of the electromagnetic coil is caulked and fixed to a fixed yoke.