JPS5864306A - Chipping device for tapping spout of blast furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a titled chipping device which can remove only the eroded parts of a tapping spout by focusing high output laser light to a small spot and irradiating the spot to said parts by the constitution wherein a laser beam can be moved and irradiated freely to the surface parts of the refractory materials to be chipped of said spout. CONSTITUTION:In the state of repairing the above-mentioned refractory material 3, a part 4 to be relined is beforehand cooled with water, and this chipping device is set on a frame 1 of a tapping spout. A carriage 11 is moved on rails 14 up to the position of the part 4, and laser irradiation 28 is opposed to an irradiation start point 31 at an adequate space. A laser oscillator 12 is operated to generate a laser. During this time, the irradiating position of the laser light is moved by the moving operations of the carriage 11, the upward and downward operations of a cylinder for upward and downward movement, and the forward and backward operations of an extruding cylinder. The surface layer parts of the material 3 in the part 4 irradiated with the laser beam is heated by the microspot and cracking is generated by the thermal strains generated by said heating, whereby said parts are made extremely easy to peel and are thus removed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for cutting the surface of a refractory material in a tap trough in a blast furnace by irradiating a laser beam with the refractory material surface.

The tap trough collects and separates hot metal and slag from the blast furnace taphole, and is the place where the refractory material is most severely eroded by melting. Therefore, the material of the tap runner is required to have heat resistance, abrasion resistance, and impact resistance.
A high-grade refractory material containing aluminum 1203 is used, and it is extremely expensive. Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a tap trough. Reference numeral 1 indicates a tap hole frame, 2 indicates a refractory brick, 6 indicates a refractory material, and 4 indicates a repaired portion of the eroded refractory material. When repairing a tap trough, the eroded part is destroyed and refractory material is pasted or an inner frame is inserted and molded. As mentioned above, refractory materials are very expensive, so it is important to destroy only the eroded portions to the minimum necessary to save on refractory material costs.

Conventionally, methods for repairing tap troughs include (1) breaking it down manually using an air breaker, etc. (6)
Figure 2).

(2) A method of breaking the breaker 5 using the machine 7 mounted on it (Fig. 3).

(3) A method of cutting with a machine 9 equipped with a rotary cutting head 8 (Fig. 4).

etc.

The problem in case (1) is that the work is done manually, which requires heavy physical effort and dangerous work, which is unfavorable in terms of occupational safety and health.

In the case of (2), a machine is used to apply a mechanical blow to the gutter, causing damage to unnecessary parts and increasing the cost of repair gutter materials. In addition, in terms of installation space, the swing of the breaker,
Up/down, left/right, and forward/backward movement cannot be performed smoothly, and the workability is extremely inferior to method (1). In case of (3), unnecessary parts may be damaged as in (2). In addition, the components of the refractory material are high
Since it is a 5in2 type, the blades are subject to severe wear.

In addition, the power consumption required for rotary cutting is as large as 60 to 50 XW, and the reaction force of the cutting resistance is also large, so that the entire apparatus needs to have a strong structure.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a refractory material scraping device using a laser beam, which scrapes only the necessary minimum eroded portion of the refractory material and minimizes the wear and tear of unnecessary parts. This is the realization of a device that stops the vehicle. That is,
This is a cutting device configured to be able to freely move and irradiate a laser beam onto the surface of the refractory material to be cut in a tap trough.It utilizes the characteristics of a laser beam to apply high-power laser light to a small 4ζ° beam. The present invention provides a blast furnace tapping trough shaving processing device that generates cracks in the refractory material by applying focused irradiation to the refractory material surface and applying thermal strain due to local heating to the surface of the refractory material, thereby removing only the eroded portions.

As mentioned above, the refractory material for the tap trough is high 5iO1S10! ,A
1! Oj is the component, υ, the surface is black and rough, so the absorption rate of the laser 6 beam is high 2), the thermal conductivity is low, so spot heating is possible without heat diffusion 3), thermal shock resistance Due to its low value, it tends to crack easily when subjected to thermal strain.The present invention focuses on these properties and, as a result of research, has developed a device that can easily and reliably cut refractory materials to the minimum required level. It has been completed.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of the present invention, and FIG.
A-A arrow view in the figure, FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the light guide tube, FIG.
FIG. 9 shows an example of the configuration of a laser oscillation device, and FIGS. 10 and 11 show examples of cutting work using the device of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the present invention can be roughly divided into
10, trolley 11, laser oscillation device i112, light guide tube 1
6, a frame 10 is constructed above the tap hole to be cut, and in order to most appropriately irradiate the cut part with the laser beam, the truck 11 is moved forward and backward in the uniaxial direction, the entire light guide tube 13 is rotated, This is a cutting device in which the laser irradiation port of the light guide tube 13 can be moved up and down, forward and backward, and the speed of these movements can be adjusted.

A configuration example of each part will be explained below in detail according to the drawings.O The truck 11 on which the laser oscillation device 12 is mounted and which suspends and supports the light guide tube 16 extends in the axial direction of the taper frame provided at 10 degrees of the frame. It is supported on two rails 14 via four wheels 15, and can freely travel in the axial direction of the taper frame by a travel motor 16.

The light guide tube 16 of the laser 17 is mounted on the truck 11 via a bearing 18, as shown in FIG. A rotating disk 19 is provided, and a cylindrical vertical guide 2 is fixed to the lower surface of the rotating disk 19.
0. A vertical holder 21 that can slide up and down within this vertical guide 20, a pend mirror 2 that is attached to the lower end of this vertical holder 21 and that changes the course of the laser 17 in a right angle direction.
2. Guide the main body 20 to raise and lower the vertical holder 21
a lifting cylinder 23 fixed to the side and connected at its lower end to the vertical holder 21; a horizontal guide 24 horizontally attached to the lower end of the vertical holder 21; a horizontal holder 25 capable of sliding horizontally within the horizontal guide 24; It consists of a condensing lens 26 fixed to the horizontal holder 25 side for condensing the laser '17, an extrusion cylinder 27 for horizontally putting in and taking out the horizontal holder 25, and a laser irradiation port 28.

The light guide tube 16 is rotatable around a vertical axis so that the laser beam can be directed to each side wall surface of the tap runner, and the light guide tube 16 is rotatable around a vertical axis so as to direct the laser beam to each side wall surface of the tap hole.
It has a turning device consisting of a combination of a rotation motor 29, and a rotation motor 29. Further, the vertical holder 21 and the horizontal holder 25 are moved vertically and horizontally by the lifting cylinder 23 and the horizontal extrusion cylinder 27, respectively, so that the laser irradiation port 28 can be positioned at a desired position.

The laser oscillation device 12 may be selected from a group of generally commercially available laser oscillators; for example, a commercially available 00 snow laser oscillator may be used.

The 002 laser oscillator, for example, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, has a resonator consisting of a pair of reflecting mirrors, a mechanism for exciting the laser substance, and a mechanism for increasing the efficiency of the laser action. The laser material of the 0 oo2 laser is 002, and an air discharge is used as the excitation source, and nitrogen or helium gas is used to increase the efficiency of the laser action. Since the oscillation efficiency of the laser decreases significantly as the gas temperature increases, a heat exchanger is provided to cool the laser material.

In FIGS. 8 and 9, 41 is a resonator mirror, 42 is a mirror, 46.44 is an excitation electrode, 45 is a gas flow, and 46
is a heat exchanger, 47 is a mechanical booster or axial flow 7-amp, 48 is a vacuum pump, and 49 is a gas cylinder.

For reference, examples of the specifications of the CO2 laser shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are listed in Table 1.

Table 1 Next, a method of operating the apparatus of the present invention will be explained.

FIG. 10 (&) is a sketch of the refractory repair portion 4 of the tap trough 6 being cut by the cutting device of the present invention. In the figure, the arrow line drawn in the repair part 4 exemplifies the laser beam irradiation path, 61 indicates the irradiation start point, and 62 indicates the irradiation end point. Figure 10(a) illustrates another irradiation path. FIG. 11 shows the arrow BB' in FIG. 10(a).

When repairing the refractory material 3, the part 4 to be repaired is first cooled with water, and the scraping device of the present invention is set on the tap-hole frame 1 using a crane or the like (FIG. 5). Next, the trolley 11 is moved on the rail 14 to the position of the repair part 4 by the traveling motor 16, and the turning device 29.60 of FIG.
The laser irradiation port 28 is opposed to the irradiation start point 61 with an appropriate gap provided by the lifting cylinder 26 and the extrusion cylinder 27. Next, the laser oscillation device 12 is operated to generate the laser 1.
7 to oscillate. Laser oscillation is performed in the following steps after passing cooling water and releasing each interlock provided for maintenance of the laser oscillation device 12 and disaster prevention.

(1) Operate the vacuum pump to reduce the pressure inside the device to I Torr.
Do the following.

(2) Operate the axial fan or mechanical booster.

(3) Introduce the laser substance into the device and set it to a predetermined pressure.

(4) Apply a voltage between the device electrodes, gradually increase the discharge current, and set it to a predetermined current value. (5) Select a laser irradiation pattern (heating, melting, cutting pattern).

By the above operation, the optically focused laser 17 is irradiated from the laser irradiation port 28.

As shown in FIG. 10 (&) or (b), the irradiation position is moved by moving the cart 11, raising and lowering the lifting cylinder, and moving the extrusion cylinder 27 forward and backward.

The surface layer portion of the refractory material 6 of the repaired portion 4 irradiated by the laser beam 17 is heated by the minute spot, so that thermal strain occurs. Due to this thermal strain, cracks occur on the surface of the refractory material 3, as illustrated in FIG. 11, and can be peeled off and removed very easily, and can be scraped off manually or wiped off with compressed air or the like.

The depth at which the refractory material is scraped is the 12th capacity of the laser oscillation device,
It can be adjusted by the laser beam moving speed, etc.

By the way, 00! The optically focused energy density of the laser beam is about 10 W/cIl, and the above processing can be achieved by moving the laser beam at a speed of 200 to 500 strokes/min.

Although the apparatus of the present invention uses a laser beam as a heat source, it is also possible to use an electron beam. However, it is more advantageous to use a laser beam in the following respects.

(1) Since the refractory material surface is black and rough, the laser beam absorption rate is good.

Irradiation positioning is accurate and operation is easy.

(3) Unlike the m-son beam, it does not require a vacuum and does not generate X-rays, so the device can be made relatively compact.

The tap trough shaving device of the present invention achieves (1) through non-contact processing.
The tap trough can be repaired at low cost without destroying the refractory material in unnecessary parts.

(2) There is no need to consider the wear and tear of the blade and the reaction force ring of the cutting resistance, unlike cutting with a blade, and the structure of the device can be made simple and lightweight.

(6) Continuous processing is possible, improving repair work efficiency.

(4) Manual work to destroy fireproof materials can be mechanized. It can also be easily automated and saves labor. (5) It can also be used to repair refractories in hot metal sluices, pig iron mixers, converters, etc. other than tap sluices.

It is effective against hemorrhoids.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a tap duct, Figs. 2 to 4 are explanatory diagrams of a conventional tap duct repair method, Fig. 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the device of the present invention, and Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the tap duct. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the light guide tube of the present invention, FIGS. 8 and 9 are schematic diagrams showing the configuration of an example of a laser oscillation device, and FIG. , 佽) is an explanatory diagram of the operating method of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is FIG. 10(a).
It is a view taken along arrow B-1 in the figure. 1... Tap hole frame 2... Large brick 6...
・Fireproof material 4...Fireproof material repair part 5...
Breaker 6... Person 7... Servo arm 8... Rotating cutting head 9... Handling vehicle 10... Frame 11... Trolley 12.
...Laser oscillation device 13...Light guide tube 14.
...Traveling rail 15...Traveling wheel 16...Bolly running motor 17...Laser 18...Bearing 19...Rotating disk 20...Vertical guide 2
1... Vertical holder 22... Pend mirror 2'
! L...Cylinder for vertical holder elevation 24...Horizontal guide 25...Horizontal holder 26...Condensing lens 27...Cylinder for horizontal holder extrusion 28.
...Laser irradiation port 29...Light guide tube rotation motor
30...Bevel gear 61...Irradiation start point ・6
2... Irradiation end point 41... Resonator mirror 42.
・°Mirror 46...Anode 44...Cathode 45
... Gas flow 46 ... Heat exchanger 47 ... Axial flow fan or mechanical booster 48 ... Vacuum pump 49 ... Gas cylinder 38 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Fig. 8 (b)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A frame suspended above the tap trough and supporting running rails parallel to the bridge axis, a movable trolley running on the rails, a laser oscillation mechanism mounted on the trolley, and a rotating mechanism from the trolley. A blast furnace tapping gutter cutting device comprising a light guide tube that is suspended from a wall and guides a laser beam, and the light guide tube is equipped with a mechanism for freely raising and lowering a laser irradiation port and moving it forward and backward. .