JPS5862702A - Numerical controlling method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To quickly process failures, by immediately interrupting processing and saving the program during the execution of a processing program if a failure takes place, and returning to the original program again after the end of processing for the failure. CONSTITUTION:An input control circuit ICT reads out a program of a main memory NCM normally and gives an output to a decoder DEC, and when a tool broken signal TLBS is inputted to said circuit ICT and an operation control circuit OPCN via a power supply circuit PWC, a pulse distribution stop signal PDI is outputted to a pulse distributor PDC, the circuit ICT stops the readout of a memory NCM to read out a subprogram in response to the TLBS from a sub-memory UMM to an OPCN via a DEC, and a data memory DMM is saved to a save memory SMM, allowing to replace a tool with a subprogram. After the replacement of a tool, the data memory DMM is read out from the save memory SMM and the execution of the stopped main program is restarted. Thus, the processing of failures can be performed quickly.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a numerical control method, in particular, when a specific signal such as an abnormal signal such as tool breakage occurs during machining, the machining is interrupted and the numerical control method is adjusted according to the specific signal. Control processing t
- It relates to a numerical control method that can be executed and restarted for machining after the processing is completed.

If an abnormal condition such as a tool breakage occurs during machining using a machining block, the operator normally stops the machining immediately, and moves the damaged tool to the predetermined tool exchange position by manual continuous feeding while avoiding contact with the workpiece. After changing the tool, perform machining again from the beginning of the door nib program.
Or, after positioning the tool to the position where the tool was damaged, machining was restarted from that position. However, in the conventional manual intervention method, not only does it take a considerable amount of time to restart machining after an abnormal condition occurs, but the operation is complicated, and it is difficult to perform the above processing automatically. This had the drawback of requiring a considerable amount of hardware.

Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to temporarily interrupt the machining session based on the machine program and to prevent the abnormality from occurring when an abnormal state occurs in the machining machine or numerical control device during machining based on the machine program. To provide a numerical control method capable of automatically executing processing according to the state, and automatically restarting the interrupted processing based on the zero gram nib when the next processing is completed depending on the abnormal state. purpose.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the numerical control method according to the present invention. &
! J Junior High, B1. B3. Bs... is the tool path according to the command program, and indicates the tool path according to the machining command data of 1st block, 2nd block, 5th block, etc., respectively. . Ps(Xs, Zs
).

Pe (Xe, Ze) are the start and end points of the tool path of the second block, pb (xb, zb) are the tool breakage position,
Pt (Xt, Zt) is the tool change position, Psh (X
ah, Zvh) are tool retraction positions.

Now, let us assume that one tool is damaged at point 11) Pb while machining is being performed in accordance with the command program (control program). If an abnormal situation such as tool breakage occurs, a tool breakage signal is generated and input to the numerical control device. Incidentally, the tool breakage signal is output by, for example, providing a device to monitor the armature current cage of the spindle motor or the feed motor that moves the tool, and detecting when the Kame Shinko current cage exceeds a predetermined value. Ru. Now, when the numerical control device receives a tool breakage signal, it immediately interrupts machining, and thereafter is placed under the control of a separately stored subprogram 2, regardless of the machine program. Then, the numerical control device performs processing according to the tool damage according to the subprogram.

That is, referring to FIG. 1, the sub-blockram is programmed with commands for executing the following processes (1) to (4), thereby executing the tool damage process.

■Coordinate calculation of the evacuation position Psh, ■Movement of the tool to the evacuation position Psh, Movement of the tool to the 0 tool change position Pt. E74, :・′□i・ ■Moving the new tool to the evacuation position Psh, ■Moving the new tool to the rework start position (tool damage position) Pb, ■Reworking the tool damage block, The reason why it is necessary to move the tool directly to the tool exchange position is that if the tool is moved directly, the tool may come into contact with the workpiece. Now, the escape amount from the tool breakage position to the tool retraction position is the amount m, or the X-axis component mx and Z-axis component m of the relief amount! The amount for determining the equal evacuation position is stored in memory in advance. Therefore, when the machine is damaged and the internal state of the numerical control device is saved, and then the reference V/point return command G28, which will be described later, is read from the subprogram, the following equation is executed and the save position Psh is changed. Find the coordinates Xsh and Zsh...■.

/ Tal value 't 10mx, +my If pulse distribution calculation is performed, the tool line will move to the retraction position Psh...
......■.

On the other hand, the tool exchange position Pt, in other words, the reference point (xt, zt) is stored in the memory in advance. Therefore, after reaching the evacuation position P@hK, Xt-Xmh=jX, Zt-Zsh=jZ ・=・
@ Find incremental values ΔX, Δzt- and perform pulse distribution calculation t* based on the incremental values, otherwise the tool moves to the tool change position Pi...
...■.

To move to the evacuation position Psh after tool exchange is completed, use X5h-X.
Incremental values ΔX and Δ2 are calculated from t=jX, Zsh-Zt=ΔZ, and the tool breakage position [positioning to Pb is determined as , zby is read out and Xb - Xsh = j Let's do it...
...■.

Below, the machine At is moved to the tool change position Pt by the M path shown in Fig. 1, and the new machine JL11- is moved to the tool change position Pb.
Subprogram file for positioning. Here are five examples.

09001 * G28 Umx Wmz US T tn * G29 X Xb Z Zb -) FM? ? In the first block, 09001 is the nab program classification number, and in the second block, G28U...
W... is an automatic reference return command (Alphaveda) After U and W, the X-axis component of the escape amount mx.

The Y-axis component mz is inserted. When this automatic reference point return command is read, the following formula is calculated to find the evacuation position coordinate 1, and the tool is rapidly traversed to the evacuation position Ps.
Move to h. Then, after the positioning to the retracted position Psh is completed, the calculation of equation (b) is performed to find the I/V-notal yield jX, Δzt- for each axis up to the tool change position 11Pt, and the pulse distribution calculation is performed based on the incremental values. Position the tool at the tool change position Pi by rapid traverse. Also, after ・Ttn in the 5th block is a tool change command. New tools are indicated. 4th P09 (1) G2vxx
bzzb is a command to return to the damaged position, and this command causes the new tool to pass through the evacuation position Psh1r and return to the tool damaged position Pb.
was forced to return to The fifth block 5ytqq is an M function instruction indicating the end of the subprogram.

In the program example above, the internal state at the numerical value t11r a M is saved in a predetermined memory area before the subprogram is executed, and the saved internal state 11 is saved after the subprogram is executed.
This is a case where Aw is restored. This internal state is saved and restored by the user macro a. Let me explain a little about user macros.

A functional group consisting of a group of instructions in the user micro is represented by one instruction, and the function described above can be executed by writing only the representative instructions. The group of instructions that are registered is called the user macro 0 main body, and the substitute commands are called the ether macro instructions. Therefore, by inserting a user macro instruction in the middle of a normal program as shown in FIG. 2, a function corresponding to the user macro instruction can be executed.

By the way, the biggest features of user macros are that variables can be used within the user macro body, operations can be performed between variables, and actual values can be set in variables with a thousand macro instructions.
That is, such a variable follows φ (expressed by the variable number as follows).

φi (i-1,2,S,......)ko\
Here, variable number i indicates register Ri, and variable φ indicates the contents of register R1. Now, in the user macro, by the instruction φi=φj, St-register RI in register R1 is
K transfer is possible. That is, if this instruction is used, the register state can be easily saved and restored.

Therefore, in this embodiment, when a tool breaks, as shown in Figure 5, the user macro command sound is used to save the internal state of the device to a predetermined memory area, and the processing by the subprogram is terminated. After: L-the macro.The internal state aV of the NO device is restored from a predetermined memory area using the instruction.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and in the figure, NCM is a main memo +7 in which NO programs consisting of a large number of numerical control data (NC data) are stored;
ICT is an input control circuit, which is a submemory in which various subprograms are stored to execute predetermined processes in response to various abnormal states of the UMMI tool breakage;
Normally, the NC data is read seven times sequentially from the main memory and output to the subsequent decoding circuit, but when an abnormal state signal such as the tool breakage signal TLB8 occurs, the NC data is read from the main memory NCM.
Reading of C data is stopped, and predetermined subprograms corresponding to the abnormal state are sequentially read from the submemory UMM.

DEC is a decoding circuit that decodes the read NC data and outputs #NCNC Boolean position commands (Xe, Ye.

Ze), if it is a G function command, it is output to the next stage arithmetic and control circuit, M, 8. If it is a T@function command, it is output to the machine side via a high-voltage circuit consisting of a sequence circuit. 0
PCN is an arithmetic and control circuit.If the position command is Xe, Ye, or Ze for abnormal operation, then Xe-X@-+ΔX
, Ye-Ys-+ΔY, Ze-Zl-+Δ2 [Execute the incremental value ΔX6ΔY.

When Δzt is determined and output to the next stage pulse distributor, the pulse distribution pulses xp and YG's are output from the pulse distributor to @Xa and Ya in the current position storage area each time zp is generated.

Za (initial Xa+e=Xs, Ya=Ys, Zax
Zs) tllT.

Addition and subtraction according to the direction, and the contents of the remaining movement amount storage area X
m, Ym, Zmt-1 subtraction le, also operation 511hi 111
The J control circuit 0PCN controls the woodcutter according to the G function command, the PDC is a simultaneous 3-axis pulse distributor, and the DMM is the escape amount Xm, the Y-axis components mX, mN, and the current position Xs.

Ya, Za, starting point Xs, Ys, Zs, ending point Xs,
Ye, Ze, incremental value ΔX, ΔY, j
Z, remaining movement amount Xm, Yllll.

Zm, G function commands, interpolation mode, etc. Data memory%
S, X8U, YOU, Z8U is Xm, Ym respectively
, known servo in the Z-axis direction), XM, YM.

ZM is a DC motor for Xm, Ym and Z movements.

8MM is a save memory that stores the contents of the data memo IJ DMM when an abnormal condition such as tool damage occurs. SaC is an evacuation/recovery control circuit, and is activated based on the occurrence of an abnormal condition. The storage contents of the data memory DMM are controlled by the user macro in the system [Evacuation memory 8M]
The contents of the saved memory IJ8MM are saved in the data memory DMM K under the control of a user macro read out at a predetermined processing end level. PWC is a high-power circuit that controls the exchange of data between machines and numerical control devices, and OCD
is a tool breakage detector.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail.

Normally, the input control circuit ICT is 1 from the main memo 9NCM.
The NO data is read out one by one, and the NC data is input to the arithmetic and control circuit 0PCN to perform numerical control processing to perform desired machining on the workpiece.

That is, the next command read from the main memory NCM is the positioning or movement command (Xe, Ye',
If Ze >, this is input to the arithmetic and control circuit 0PCN via the 'is reading circuit DEC.

The calculation and control circuit 0PCN is (Xe, Ye, Ze
) is input, \ is Xe-X5=ΔX, where X l -X Ye-Y
s=jY However, Yss=YaZe-Zs=jZ
However, all calculations of Za=Za are executed and i is incremental i.
It is calculated, and the calculation results (incremental values ΔX, Δ
Y,)Z) to the pulse distributor PDC, and
Starting point Xs.

Ys, Zs and commanded next layer point coordinates Xe, Ye,
Ze and the incremental values ΔX, ΔY, Δzv
t Memo I) Store in the DMM and add ΔX, jY, ΔZ f to the remaining movement amount storage area in the memory (Xm
=jX.

Ym=jY, Zm=Δ2>.

The pulse distributor PDC has an i/climate/tal value -X.

As soon as ΔY and Δ2 are given, K pulse distribution calculation is executed. By this pulse distribution calculation, Q distribution pulse xp,
If Yp and zp are distributed, these are Narboiniq
) XSU, Y8U, Z8U Ky L rat tL each f
mf') L) C-v: -ta XM, YM, ZM
t-drive and move the tool k on the path A/5A. At the same time, each distribution pulse Xp, Yp,
Zp is input to the arithmetic and control circuit 0PCN. As a result, the calculation and control circuit 0PCN becomes Xm-1-+Xm
, Ym-1-+Ym, Zm-1-+Zm and Xa±1-+Xa, Ya±1-+Ya, Za±1-+Z
Execute the calculation of a to find the current cloth position (Xa, Ya, Za
) Storage area and remaining movement amount (Xm, Ym, Zm> Contents of storage area [Update. The sign in the above formula depends on the movement direction. Then, Xm=0.Ym=O, Zm=O. b) <Pulse distribution stop signal PDI to pulse distributor PDC
(=1111) t- is output, and the next NC data read signal R8T1 is generated, input control circuit ICT II- is output, and the next Il! take it.

Also, the processed data read out from the NC tape is M.

8. If it is a T function command, the human control circuit ICT is 'gl:g! When the signal FIN indicating that the machine operation based on the M, 8. T @function command is completed, the machining data of the next block is As described above, during machining, if the tool is damaged, for example, a circle or a groove is detected by the tool damage detector (0CL). , and the tool breakage signal TLB8 is input to the control circuit IC via the high-voltage circuit PWC.
It is input to T and the arithmetic and control circuit 0PCN.

Due to this, the arithmetic and control circuit 0PCN is a pulse distributor P.
A pulse distribution stop signal PDIi is output to DC, and the input control circuit ICT immediately selects the next subprogram for tool breakage processing from the submemory UMM in response to the tool breakage signal TLB8, and reads out the command t1 step by step of the subprogram. Operation and control circuit 0PCN via decoding circuit DEC
Enter. Now, since a user macro instruction for saving the internal state of the NC device is inserted in the subprogram 11, the arithmetic and control circuit 0PCN uses the user macro instruction 19 save/recovery control circuit 5RC1 to control the data memory. Save the Pg content of the DMM to the save memory 8MM.

And inside the data memory DMM! ! At the end of the meeting, when the tool damage processing data is read out step by step from the subprogram, the arithmetic and control circuit 0PCN sets the retraction position Ps.
Coordinates of b (Xsh, Ysh, Zsh) Vt are calculated, and each axis component of the escape amount mx (=Xsh - Xb), my (=Ys
h-Yb), ms (xZsh-Zb) as incremental values jx, ΔY, Δz
While outputting to DC, the evacuation position (Xsh.

Yak, Zsh) 11-f-fi Memory DM
Predetermined II area KIIe of M is stored. Pulse distributor PDC
When Jd mx, my, and ms are given and the pulse distribution stop signal is released (Pl) I-% (1#), pulse distribution calculation is started. Norculus distributor PDC to mx
, my, mz, the number of distribution pulses xp, Yp,
When zp is output, the pulse distribution stop signal PDI is output from the calculation and control circuit 0PCN, and the pulse distribution calculation ends. At this time, the tool completes retraction to the retraction position Psh. After that, the positioning tool exchange to the tool exchange position Pt, the positioning of the new tool to the retreat position Psh, the positioning of the new tool to the tool damage position P', etc. are executed according to the commands from the next generation and subprograms, and the final The new tool is positioned at the tool damage position Pr.

After that, from the subprogram, the contents of the NC device:,・
- A user macro instruction is read that restores the state of 1 part to the save memory 8MM and the data memory DMM. The arithmetic and control circuit 0PCN controls the evacuation/recovery control circuit 8RCy according to the Mukuro user macro instruction, and is evacuation to the evacuation memory 178MM.
The internal state of the NC device is restored to the data memory DMM. Finally, the M function command M9? indicates the end of the subprogram. If \ is read, the arithmetic and control circuit 0PCN inputs ΔX, Y, Δzt to the pulse distributor PDC and starts re-machining from the tool breakage position.

As described above, according to the present invention, both the cutting nib a graph and the subprogram are stored in a storage medium, and if an abnormal condition such as tool breakage occurs during machining using the cutting nib program, the subprogram is read out and the subprogram is Since abnormal condition 1146 processing is automatically executed under the control of
By significantly increasing machining efficiency, f! Ta. l! Since it does not require much additional hardware, it is possible to create an inexpensive automated or unmanned system.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the numerical control method according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a need-based method, Fig. 3 is an example of a program for saving/restoring the internal state of the numerical control device, and Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the present invention. This is an implementation gaff cIv diagram. NCM...Main memory, UMM...Sub memory,
ICT...input control circuit, 0FON...arithmetic and flj control circuit, PDC...pulse distributor, DMM/
...Data memory, 8MM...Evacuation memory, 8fLC
...Evacuation/@return control 41TEA path, OCD...Tool breakage detector Patent applicant Fujitsu Fanuc Co., Ltd. Agent Patent attorney Minoru Tsuji (9S, 2 people) Fig. 7 Pt (Xt, etc.) /// No. Figure 2, 3rd floor

Claims (1)

[Claims] (II. In a numerical control method that performs desired machining on a workpiece based on a Kani program, when a specific signal is generated during numerically controlled processing using the Kani program, the numerical control device is activated to perform large-scale processing in response to the specific signal. A subprogram to be executed is allocated in memory in advance, and when a specific signal is generated, the internal state of the numerical control device is saved to a predetermined memory area, and then the processing desired for the subprogram is transferred to the subprogram. A numerical control method characterized in that the control device is executed, the internal state of the numerical control device that was evacuated is restored after the processing by the subprogram ends, and the interrupted numerical control processing of the processed block is then resumed.