JPS5861565A - Lead storage battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a maintenance-free battery with the excellent initial performance and life performance by using an alloy lattice made of specific amounts of individual nucleus chemical agents such as antimony, tin, aluminum, arsenic, and sulfur and a remaining amount of lead. CONSTITUTION:A lead storage battery is formed using an alloy lattice made of nucleus chemical agents including 2% or less, by weight, of antimony, 0.1% or more, by weight, of tin, 0.001-0.1%, by weight, of aluminum, a proper amount of arsenic, and an infinitesimal amount of sulfur, or selenium, or copper and a remaining amount of lead. Accordingly, the hydrogen over voltage of a cathode plate is prevented from being dropped, requiring to supply no water, thus a maintenance-free battery can be obtained, and the stability of Sb of the Pb-Sb melted alloy is improved due to the coexistence with Al, the work performance is improved, the terminal voltage for rapid discharge is improved due to the adition of Sn furthermore, the crystallinity of the alloy is made extremely fine due to the addition of the nucleus chemical agents, thereby the initial performance and life performance can be improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a parallel battery using a low antimony alloy cast grid containing less than 2i1t11% antimony (8b).

Maintenance-free (MF) lead**a prevents low F of temporary hydrogen superelectrons and eliminates the need for water extraction.
b) - It has been commercialized by using a calcium (Ca) based alloy.

Pb-G* lattice has poor casting workability, so using this
This j9# battery has a deep charge/discharge cycle and a short lifespan. There is also an attempt to develop a MF lead-acid battery with an excellent cycle life by reducing the number of 8b to 2% or less. However, in the case of low 8b alloys with a content of 2tii% or more, the oxidation rate of sb in the molten metal is high and stable, and not only is it impossible to obtain a lattice with a 1-component composition, but also the performance varies greatly during deep charge/discharge cycles, resulting in a short battery life. The disadvantage was that there were many Particularly problematic is the sudden discharge characteristic, where the temporary potential is so low that it is often impossible to extract power.

The present invention aims to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks related to the low 8b alloy lattice and obtain a MF battery with excellent initial performance and lifetime performance. ) The first advantage is to use an alloy lattice consisting of a small amount of a nucleating agent such as selenium (8e) or copper (CI), and the balance being Pb.

We conducted a lattice casting experiment using a low sb alloy with a rich composition.
Next, we fabricated a prototype battery for automobiles using this grid, and examined its initial performance and lifetime performance. One cell has a 20-hour rate capacity of 85 amperes.
I got good at discharging for 1 hour and charging for 5 hours for 5 hours. In the casting experiment, the casting was carried out for about 6 hours to see how much 8b was reduced in this darkness.

Table 1 The results of the experiments are as shown in Table 1. Pb-8b has better stability when Sb in the alloy M field coexists with a mulch of 0.001W or more. Some effects have also been observed. Sudden discharge terminal! Although drying and cycling tend to be inferior when 8b is small, it is significantly improved when 8n is added in an amount of o, x weight % or more, and it seems that even medium-broken A1 has some effect. In this experiment, S was used as a nucleating agent for the solidification of the Pb-Jb alloy molten metal.
is used. In other words, during casting, dross of 8 is floated on top of the molten metal, and the 8 of electricity saturates the bath.

Addition of this nucleating agent is important in casting low sb alloys, and nucleating agents such as 8, Se, Cu, Bg, or Mu1 precipitate when the molten Pb is cooled and form primary crystal nuclei. What is 1%ili? If the alloy is not saturated to g* of 1i, the alloy crystals will become coarse and break at the grain boundaries of the #4 crystals, or intergranular corrosion will occur in the battery, resulting in early lattice collapse.

Next, we conducted an experiment to confirm the above results regarding a grid of a method that expands lead alloy sheets, which has recently been adopted. First, Pb-8b with changed sbl
-8n-AI -As-8 alloy Sheetora M L,,
When extended band processing was performed, the crosspiece broke when 8b was 8% by weight or more, but it was good when the amount of electricity was 2% or less, and f:
,, The results of tests using this expanded grid in the same manner as the cast grid are shown in Table @2.

As can be seen from Table 2, even in the expanded grid, l(n and m1 have an effect on the voltage characteristics during rapid discharge and the cycle life performance, showing a similar tendency to that of the cast grid.

In addition, Mome 1 had a low solubility in the gas, and even if the gas temperature was raised, it was impossible to dissolve it in an amount of 0.1% by weight or more.

As described above, the present invention enables a maintenance-free lead-acid battery that is easy to cast and has excellent initial and life performance.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Antimony 2 ft% or less, 0.1 wax I
A II battery using an alloy lattice consisting of t% or more, aluminum 0.001 to 0.1 electrification %, aluminum 1g4, sulfur, am nucleating agent such as selenium or copper, and the balance. (2) In the line 1 electronic rhyme described in claim (1), the lattice is expanded to I+111a by the expansion method.