JPS5858443B2 - Polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to polyester long fiber thick and thin yarns, that is, polyester filament yarns having thick sections.

More specifically, it is a polyester long fiber thick and thin thread having a diameter difference and a dyeing difference in the fiber axis direction, and a partially and intermittently present thick part having a curved deformed cross section. Concerning filament yarn with a rich spun-like texture and unique elegant luster.

[Prior art and its problems]

Conventionally, this type of yarn having thick and thin fibers in the axial direction has been found to be partially satisfactory, but there is no woven or knitted fabric that simultaneously satisfies so many different effects as the present invention.

Furthermore, when a polyester long fiber yarn is subjected to an alkali treatment, it usually undergoes similar deformation (reduction), but there is no polyester yarn that has a unique deformation in a special curved shape as in the present invention.

Moreover, when dyeing, there is a difference in dyeing between thick and thin parts, so threads with a heathered or marbled color effect cannot be recognized.

As mentioned above, if one attempts to obtain polyester long fiber thick and thin yarns having many properties as in the present invention and woven or knitted fabrics using the same yarns using conventional methods, there is no method that simultaneously satisfies all the characteristics. Yarns with intermittent portions of different thickness in the axial direction can be processed by a design twisting machine, a plying twisting machine, a false twisting machine, etc.
By supplying more than one type of thread and setting a feed rate difference between the threads, it is possible to create a thread having partially or intermittently different thicknesses.

It is also possible to supply two or more types of yarns with different dyeability or yarns dyed in different colors in advance, and to make a heathered yarn bundle or a marbled yarn bundle using similar means and methods.

However, such a method increases the manufacturing cost and has significant restrictions in terms of manufacturing equipment.

On the other hand, even with synthetic fiber multifilament yarns, by partially or intermittently changing the stretching ratio, it is possible to obtain differences in thickness and dyeing in the fiber axis direction.

However, the yarn obtained by this method generally has extremely low strength and extremely poor abrasion resistance in the thick (dark dyed) part that is insufficiently drawn, which is a serious defect in terms of practical performance. Alkaline treatment is not possible because the treatment causes extremely rapid dissolution and significant embrittlement.

[Object of the present invention]

The object of the present invention is to provide a thick and thin polyester long fiber yarn having a spun-like feel and an elegant luster that could not be obtained using the conventional techniques, and a method for efficiently and rationally obtaining the yarn.

[Configuration of the present invention]

The present invention has the following configuration.

(1) Characteristics include a change in diameter in the fiber axis direction, a difference in dyeing between the thicker and thinner parts, and a partially or intermittent thicker part having a curved deformed cross section. Thick and fine yarn made of long polyester fibers.

(2) Non-uniformly stretching the highly oriented undrawn polyester yarn;
A polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn, characterized in that thick parts are randomly created in the longitudinal direction of the yarn, and the ratio of thick to fine parts of the thick parts is set to 1.2 to 1.8, and then subjected to an alkali weight reduction treatment. manufacturing method.

” Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail.

In the present invention, the polyester constituting the polyester long fiber thick and thin threads is terephthalic acid or its lower alkyl derivative (diester of alkanol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms).
and ethylene glycol, or from terephthalic acid or its lower alkyl derivative and ethylene glycol and at least one other component, or from bis-2-hydroxyethyl terephthalate or its oligomers, or from bis-2-hydroxyethyl terephthalate and At least 70 of the polyester units obtained from at least one other component are composed of polyethylene terephthalate.

The polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn having a curved deformed cross section of the present invention is obtained by special spinning and drawing conditions. For example, highly oriented undrawn polyester yarn with a birefringence of 15 to 70 It can be obtained by a method of non-uniformly stretching by changing the stretching ratio, or by a method of partially drawing the yarn depending on the stretching conditions.

Among these, it is most rational and desirable to use highly oriented unstretched polyester.

Further, it is preferable to perform false twisting after the non-uniform stretching as this improves the bulkiness of the yarn.

The polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn obtained by this method has a diameter change in the fiber axis direction, and the thick part and the thin part have a difference in dyeing, and when dyed, the thick part absorbs dye faster. On the other hand, thin areas are dyed light because dye adsorption is slow, resulting in differences in dyeing.

More importantly, in the manufacturing method of the polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn of the present invention, important factors such as spinning speed, oil agent and its amount attached, drawing ratio, drawing pin and its temperature, and degree of winding are important factors. However, the polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn obtained by combining the appropriate conditions not only can withstand alkali treatment, but also has no problem in practical performance. The thick part that exists shows special deformation behavior when treated with alkali, and exhibits a curved deformation that was not seen before.

Next, the polyester thick and thin yarn obtained by the above-described non-uniform stretching is further treated with an alkali to obtain a polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn whose thick portion has a special curved deformed cross section.

Typical alkaline substances that can be used in the alkali treatment of the present invention include alkali metal hydroxides such as caustic soda and caustic potash, and alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate. The concentration used varies depending on the fineness and weight of the fiber, the target degree of flexibility, treatment temperature, time, and pick-up, but it is usually 5 to 50% by weight, preferably 10 to 30% by weight based on the total amount of the alkaline bath. It's rice cake.

As the alkali treatment method, a batch method such as a jitter, a wince, a beam, a suspension, a liquid flow, etc., or a continuous method can be used.

Next, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a side view of the polyester multifilament yarn used in the present invention.

A is a fully stretched portion, and b is an insufficiently stretched portion.

When this thread is dyed, the a part is light dyed and the b part is dyed darkly, so that the entire thread has a heathered or marbled color effect.

Furthermore, by selecting the dye and the dyeing conditions, it is possible to dye the entire yarn almost uniformly without imparting dyeability to parts a and b.

Although a and b are randomly distributed, an example of their birefringence is shown in Table 1.

If the birefringence of the thick part is about 25XIQ-3, it will have a good shade difference effect, and the thick part (part b) will not be brittle, and the dyeing and abrasion fastness will be sufficient, and it can withstand practical use.

However, if the birefringence of the b part is less than 15XIO'', the effect of the difference in density in the thicker parts is good, but the thicker parts have insufficient abrasion resistance and tend to break easily, making them unsuitable for practical use.

Also, the dyeing and rubbing fastness properties are poor.

On the other hand, the thick part B of the entire multifilament yarn (!:
The thick to thin ratio B/A of the thin part A is 1.2 to 1.8
The range of degrees is good.

If the thick/fine ratio B/A is less than 1.2, no obvious curved deformation will occur even if the alkali treatment is performed.

In addition, in the case of a woven or knitted fabric, the difference between the thick part and the thin part cannot be clearly realized, and the effect of the difference in shade becomes extremely small.

On the other hand, if the thick-to-fine ratio B/A is set to a value exceeding 1.8, the curved deformation after alkali treatment and the effect of the difference in shading in thick parts will be good, but on the other hand, it will be brittle and break easily, and it will be impractical.

Moreover, the dyeing and abrasion fastness are also poor.

The proportion of the thick part included in the entire multifilament yarn is 20% or more of the total length, considering the heather effect due to the difference in shading, marbling effect, and practical performance centered on abrasion resistance. A range of 40% is preferred.

FIG. 2 shows a cross section of a polyester multifilament long fiber thick and thin yarn.

3 and 4 show cross sections of polyester multifilament thick and thin deformed yarns according to the present invention.

A m B e a and b indicate the same parts as in FIG.

That is, A shows a cross section of a thin part of the multifilament yarn, and B shows a cross section of a thick part of the multifilament yarn.

a and b indicate individual monofilament yarns of the multifilament yarn; a is light dyed in the fully drawn portion;

b is an incompletely stretched area and a darkly dyed area. FIG. 2 shows a yarn that has not been subjected to alkali dissolution treatment, and no change in cross-sectional shape is observed in both portions a and b.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view that has been expanded by about 7.1%, and part a shows exactly the same deformation behavior as conventional polyester multifilament yarn, and even after alkali treatment, it deforms and shrinks to a similar shape. There is no change in the cross-sectional shape.

However, when section b is subjected to alkali treatment, it exhibits a completely new and unique curved deformed cross section C that has not been seen in conventional polyester yarns.

That is, when alkali treatment is applied, as is clear from FIGS. 2A and B, the part a of the conventional polyester yarn simply shrinks and deforms as a whole into a similar shape as shown in A, while the part b as shown in B changes. shows a unique and complicated deformation, exhibiting a curved deformed cross section C.

The reason why part b shows a curved deformed cross section C is that part b is insufficiently stretched and has low birefringence, and when subjected to alkali treatment, alkali dissolution is faster in part b than in part a. Among them, there are differences in the degree of stretching, and the portions with a lower degree of stretching melt first, so they exhibit a curved deformed cross section C.

Figure 4 shows a further increase in alkali weight loss, with a weight ratio of approximately 12
．． A cross-sectional view with the ratio increased to 3% is shown.

Compared to part b in Fig. 3B, part b in Fig. 4B shows a further increase in deformation and a markedly curved deformation. Not only transformation,
Some exhibit two or more multiple bays.

The deformed cross sections of the yarn of the present invention obtained by these alkali treatments (b in Figure 3B and b in Figure 4B are completely new, as described above, not seen in conventional polyester filaments or lament yarns). It is.

[Actions and effects of the present invention]

The effects of the present invention will be specifically explained.

(1) In terms of gloss, the drawback of polyester multifilament yarn, which is the glare and glitter, is improved, and a mild and elegant gloss can be obtained due to the diffused reflection and diffuse reflection due to the curved cross section.

(2) Drapability and repulsion have a contradictory relationship;
Generally, when drapability is imparted, repellency disappears, but the polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn according to the present invention satisfies both simultaneously due to its unique cross-sectional shape obtained by alkali treatment.

That is, a yarn with drapability and excellent repulsion properties can be obtained.

(3) Since the entire multifilament yarn has thick parts as shown in FIG. 1, a yarn with partial thickness unevenness, which is characteristic of natural fibers and spun yarns, can be obtained.

(4) By twisting or alternately using other yarns with different dyeability, a yarn with a multicolor effect of three or more colors can be obtained.

(5) In addition, since the dyeability of the thicker parts differs, when dyed, a difference in shade occurs, resulting in a yarn with a heathered or marbling effect.

(6) When the yarn of the present invention is made into a woven or knitted fabric, particularly a woven fabric, its curved cross-sectional shape has voids within and between the single filaments, resulting in good repulsion and wrinkle resistance. .

(7) When the yarn of the present invention is subjected to alkali treatment in the dyeing and finishing process after being made into a woven or knitted fabric, the effect is similar to that of sericin removal in silk fabrics, and voids are created both within the yarn and between the yarns. Therefore, a woven or knitted fabric with excellent drapability can be obtained.

(8) The method of the present invention uses highly oriented undrawn yarn spun at high speed and only involves nonuniform stretching and then alkali treatment, so the process is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the efficiency and productivity are high. be.

Moreover, if the material is subjected to false twisting after non-uniform stretching, the bulkiness will be improved and it will become even more preferable.

(9) The method of the present invention also has the advantage that products of constant quality can be stably produced.

Next, an explanation will be given using an example.

In the Examples, the weight loss rate φ due to alkali treatment was determined as follows.

Example 1 A highly oriented undrawn polyethylene terephthalate yarn spun at 3.250 m/min was non-uniformly drawn at a draw ratio of 1.4 times using a drawing machine equipped with hot pins to form a 150 denier, 48 filament. A thread was obtained.

The obtained yarn had thick sections in the length direction, and the average thickness ratio of the thick sections was 1.6.

This yarn was made into a false-twisted yarn using a false-twisting machine under the conditions of 2419T7M, a heater temperature of 210°C, and a 1st feed rate of -10% (stretching ratio during false-twisting: 1.1 times).

This false twisted yarn had a thick/fine ratio of 1.4 and a total length of thick portions of 27 φ/m.

This yarn was subjected to an alkali treatment using a caustic soda hydroxide solution to obtain a yarn having a curved cross section as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

The alkali weight loss rate at this time was 15 to 20%.

The obtained yarn had a mild luster, excellent drapability and repellency, was natural-like, and could be made elegant when dyed.

Example 2 The spinning and stretching conditions were the same as in Example 1; 75 denier;
A yarn of 36 filaments was obtained.

Next, after twisting the yarn at 600 T/M (S direction) using a twisting machine, the number of false twists was 2500 T/M (adding direction S direction) using a false twisting machine, heater temperature 210°C, 1st feed rate O
I did a false twist process using steamed rice cake.

The yarn was subjected to alkali weight loss treatment to give a weight loss rate of 15 to 18%.

The obtained yarn was as excellent as in Example 1.

Example 3 The spinning and stretching were the same as in Example 1, with 50 denier and 24
After twisting the filament yarn at 2500 T/M, it was treated with alkali using a caustic soda aqueous solution.

The obtained yarn had a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

Note that the alkali weight loss rate was 14 to 16%.

The physical properties, texture, etc. of the obtained yarn were as excellent as in Example 1.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 11 is a side view of the multifilament yarn used in the polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn of the present invention, and Figure 2 is a side view of the multifilament yarn used in the polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn of the present invention.
3 and 4 show cross-sectional views of the yarn of the present invention. A: Part where the entire yarn is thin, B: Part where the entire yarn is thick, a
: Yarn in the fully stretched part, b: Yarn in the incompletely stretched part, C: Curved deformed cross section.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. The fiber has a diameter change in the axial direction, the thick part and the thin part are dyed differently, and the thick part that exists partially and intermittently has a curved deformed cross section. A polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn. 2 The ratio of the total length of the thick part is 20 to 40 as a whole.
% of the polyester long fiber thick and thin yarn according to claim 1. 3 A highly oriented undrawn polyester yarn is drawn non-uniformly to create thick sections randomly in the longitudinal direction of the yarn, and the ratio of thick sections to thin sections is set to 1.2 to 1.8, followed by alkali weight loss. A method for producing thick and thin polyester long fibers, the method comprising: processing. 4. The method for producing polyester long fiber yarn according to claim 3, wherein the non-uniform stretching is hot pin stretching.