JPS5852092B2 - ITSUPOKURATSUCHI - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention includes an inner ring and an outer ring formed in the shape of a tapered roller bearing, and a rotating body that acts as a sprag is provided between the raceway surfaces of the inner ring and the outer ring. A guide collar is provided at the end of the raceway surface of the inner or outer ring, which is appropriately inclined with respect to the raceway surface generatrix and guides the rotating body during free rotation, and at this time, the raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings and the rotating body are connected to each other during the rotation. It relates to a one-way clutch that contacts at least two or more points in the longitudinal direction of the body.

This type of one-way clutch is, for example, published in Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-2112.
It is described in Publication No. 6.

In the case of this well-known example, the integration of the inner and outer rings is achieved by moving the inner and outer rings in the axial direction in a direction that brings their raceway surfaces closer to each other, and exerting a wedge effect between the raceway surfaces via the rotating body, and the other When freely rotating from this state, the inner ring and outer ring move in a direction that separates their raceway surfaces from each other.

In this case, in order to facilitate this mating movement, it is desirable that the raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings are constantly in contact with the rotating body with a suitable degree of tightness.

In the above-mentioned well-known example, the inner and outer rings are able to freely move relative to each other within a certain range, so sometimes the rotating body does not come into contact with either the inner or outer ring raceway surface with an appropriate pressure and spins idly, causing the inner and outer rings to easily move. The clutch may not engage properly and the clutch may not engage properly.

In addition to this drawback, since the relative positions of the inner and outer rings change, consideration must be given to play in either the driving or driven shaft depending on the amount of change in the relative positions.

Furthermore, in the case of this well-known example, a collar is provided at the end of the raceway surface of one of the inner and outer rings in order to promote engagement when the one-side clutch is engaged and to limit the engagement capacity, that is, the amount of transmitted torque. .

However, when the transmitted torque becomes too large, the inner and outer rings rotate relative to each other with the rotating body interposed, resulting in slippage between the rotating body and the inner or outer ring raceway surface. , and therefore cannot rotate smoothly during free rotation, resulting in a loss of normal bearing function.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a one-way clutch that eliminates the drawbacks of the above-mentioned known examples.

This problem is solved by the present invention as follows.

An even number of unit one-way clutches with the collision collars of the well-known one-way clutches removed are arranged in a line on the same axis, and a pair of adjacent unit clutches are arranged so that the inclinations of the raceway surfaces of the inner ring and outer ring are plane symmetrical. , to fix the inner and outer rings, whichever of the inner rings or outer rings are closer to each other when the inner and outer raceways of the unit one-side clutch approach each other, and to bias the other ring in a direction to separate them from each other. A preload device is provided to press the rotating body against the inner and outer raceway surfaces with appropriate pressure.

The one-way clutch according to the present invention constructed in this manner has the following advantages.

That is, (1) a pair of unit one-way clutches are arranged plane-symmetrically, and either the inner ring or the outer ring is fixed to each other;
The central planes of the inner and outer rings do not move relative to each other during crimping, and there is no need to take play into consideration in either the driving or driven shafts.

(2) When the drive shaft rotates in the engagement direction due to the above preload, the inner and outer rings are immediately and securely engaged, creating a wedge action and stabilizing the engagement of the clutch.

(3) By providing a guide collar for guiding the rotating body.

While making it easy to control the attitude of the rotating body during free rotation,
Since the inner and outer rings relatively approach each other in accordance with the torque capacity during mating, a secure yet soft engagement occurs, and furthermore, no damage is caused to the surface of the rotating body.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail according to an actual case shown in the drawings.

The one-way clutch according to the present invention shown in FIG.
A sleeve 1 is provided so as to be movable in the axial direction, with an inner ring 2 facing the outer side of the sleeve 1 (adjacent to the large end side of the inner ring 2).

The rotational motion of both inner rings 2 is transmitted to the sleeve 1 via a commonly provided key B.

Therefore, the two inner races 2 always rotate together via the key B and the sleeve 1.

A spring 3 is provided as a preload device between both inner rings 2, and is pressed in a direction in which both inner rings 2 are separated.

A rotating body 4 that functions as a sprag is provided on a raceway surface formed on the outer periphery of the inner ring 2 with its axis of rotation suitably inclined with respect to the generatrix of the raceway surface, and an outer ring 6 having a raceway surface on the outside of the rotating body each is placed.

In this case, the outer rings 6 are fixed to each other by fastening bolts 7.

A thrust bearing cover 9 is fastened to the end face of the outer ring 6, and supports a thrust bearing 10.11, which is supported at one end by the end face of the sleeve 1, on the sleeve side.

Therefore, the axial movement of the sleeve accompanying the axial movement of the inner ring 2 is supported.

The shape of the rotating body 4 that acts as a sprag can be cylindrical, conical, single-spherical roller-shaped, cylindrical, or bi-spherical. Make it form a hyperbola.

Next, the operation of the one-way clutch according to the present invention will be explained.

Inner circle 2. That is, when the sleeve 1 rotates in the clutch engagement direction, the rotating body 4 immediately rotates and revolves as the inner ring 2 rotates, and the axis of rotation of the rotating body 4 is appropriately inclined to the generatrix of the raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings. Therefore, due to the inclination, the inner ring raceway surface approaches the outer ring raceway surface, that is, the inner ring 2 slides on the sleeve 1 and approaches the outer ring 6, and a wedge effect occurs between the inner and outer ring raceway surfaces, causing their approach. At the same time, the wedge action is strengthened and the inner and outer rings begin to rotate together via the rotating body.

When the inner ring, that is, the sleeve rotates in the free rotation direction of the clutch, that is, in the opposite direction to the clutch engagement direction, the rotating body first moves by itself in a direction that separates the raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings due to the inclination of the rotating body.・It revolves and the clutch is released.

In this case, the mutual movement between the rotating body 4 and the inner ring 2 provided with the guide collar P is shown in FIG.

During free rotation, the inner ring 2 rotates in the direction of arrow S, and the rotating body 4 also revolves in this direction, so the end face of the rotating body 4 comes into contact with the guide collar P at point A, and sliding friction is generated at this position. Occur.

This sliding friction generates a force couple that further increases the inclination of the rotating body 4.

On the other hand, the shape of the rotating body is selected assuming that the guide flange P is not provided.

That is, by forming a row of rotating bodies that forms a conical apex far away from the conical apex of the inner ring 2, the inclination of the rotating body can be reduced.

That is, the orbital diameters of the rotating body 4 and the inner ring 2 are respectively a and
b.

If A and B are used, then the revolution ratio is b B Therefore, to reduce the inclination of a rotating body, b 〉− B shall be.

In this way, by balancing the rotating body configured to reduce inclination with the inclination increasing effect of the guide flange on the rotating body, the axis of rotation of the rotating body and the axis of the inner and outer rings are on the same plane during free rotation. roller bearings, and can fulfill the original function of rolling bearings.

Furthermore, in this case, if a cage for guiding the rotating body is provided, even more stable rotation can be achieved.

In the above embodiment, two unit one-way clutches are arranged so that the large ends of the inner rings are adjacent to each other, but if conversely they are arranged so that the small ends are adjacent to each other, the inner rings are fixed to each other, and the outer rings are fixed to each other. A preload device may be provided between them to bias them in a direction to separate them from each other.

In addition, if it is necessary to increase the transmitted torque, the objective can be achieved by using a one-way clutch consisting of multiple sets of one-way clutches connected coaxially, rather than the two unit one-way clutches mentioned above. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a one-way clutch according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the relative motion relationship between the rotating body and the inner ring guide collar, and FIG. FIG. 2... Inner ring, 3... Preload device, 4...
... Rotating body, 6 ... Outer ring, 7 ...
Outer ring fastening bolt.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Equipped with an inner ring and an outer ring formed in the shape of a tapered roller bearing,
A rotating body acting as a sprag is provided between the raceway surfaces of the inner ring and the outer ring, and the axis of rotation of the rotating body is appropriately inclined with respect to the generatrix of the raceway surface. An even number of unit one-way clutches are provided at the end of the raceway surface of the outer ring, and in this case, the raceway surfaces of the inner ring and outer ring contact the rotating body at at least two or more places in the longitudinal direction of the rotating body, arranged in one row on the same axis. A pair of adjacent unit one-way clutches are arranged so that the slopes of the raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings are plane symmetrical, and when the inner rings or the outer rings are brought close to each other, the inner and outer parts of the respective unit one-way clutches A preloading device is provided that fixes the rings whose raceway surfaces are close to each other and biases the other ring in a direction to separate them from each other so as to press the rotating body against the raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings. Clutch on the other hand.