JPS5851539B2 - Differential machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention has at least one needle bed, in which at least one knitting needle is loosely disposed, and each knitting needle has an extrusion stroke and a retraction stroke. an eccentric cam plate in each case, a drive part driven by the eccentric cam plate and having at least one extrusion section and at least one retraction section, a coupling element for a transmission connection of the knitting needle and the drive element; A control position is assigned that can control the element into at least one coupling position and a release position for coupling the element to the knitting needle and the drive element according to the pattern,
The present invention also relates to a knitting machine in which cam plates are arranged on a rotatable drive shaft with different angles.

It can also be called a carriageless or camless knitting machine,
In a known knitting machine of this type (DE 1585308), the drive element is designed as a control lever which is swingably supported and rests against a cam plate by means of a spring.

This has the disadvantage that, although the knitting needle movement in the extrusion direction can be effected exclusively by the spring force, the drive of the knitting needle in the retraction direction provided by the cam plate must take place against this spring force.

Another disadvantage is that, after the knitting needles have been pushed into the knitting position, they must be completely pulled back into the inactive position, which usually corresponds to the Q-passing position, before a new selection can be made by appropriate control of the connecting elements. If a stop phase or a idle stroke of the cam plate is to be avoided, there is only a relatively short time interval for selection.

Finally, it is also a disadvantage that only formation and non-formation can be selected.

The latter two drawbacks are largely due to similar known knitting machines (
West German Publication No. 1296733, West German Publication No. 16
35968).

In this case, however, the selection is made by flocking the movement of the control lever in the pushing direction Q, which occurs under the action of a spring force, according to the handle, so that a selection between knitting and tucking is also possible.

Finally, another known carriageless knitting machine (West German Publication No. 1585454), which is capable of selecting needles according to the pattern, uses knitting machines whose butts are fixed to a cam plate. It has the disadvantage that it must be rotated across the needle bed until it is disengaged from one drive pin.

The present invention aims to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the aforementioned prior art by providing a new needle selection system, in which the needle selection system includes a selection between non-knitting and knitting and, if necessary, It is also intended to allow a choice between unorganized, organized, and tucked.

A special object of the invention is that the drive of the knitting needles in three directions takes place by means of a transmission connection between the knitting needles and the associated cam plate, avoiding spring forces, so that even at high rotational speeds of the cam plate they follow the pattern. The aim is to improve knitting machines of the type mentioned at the outset so that there is a sufficiently large time interval for needle selection.

The present invention provides that the drive element and the cam plate are constructed in such a way that the drive element is always transmission-coupled with the cam plate in the direction of the extrusion stroke and the retraction stroke, and the retraction part is involved in the instantaneous position of the connecting element during the retraction stroke. without retraction of the knitting needles connected to the extrusion part in the previous extrusion stroke, and all connecting elements are first in one of two predetermined positions and then in the period between each two extrusion strokes of the cam plate. It is characterized in that it is carried from this position to the other predetermined position according to the handle.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, all Q-coupling elements can be controlled into two coupling positions and one release position, corresponding to the knitting position on the one hand and the tank position on the other hand, and during the retraction stroke first the above-mentioned One of three positions and then from this position one of two other positions is selected according to the pattern.

The present invention provides a time interval corresponding to virtually the entire retraction stroke, that is, approximately half of each rotation of the cam plate, for needle selection according to the pattern, and a transmission connection between the knitting needle and the drive element during needle selection. , or the transmission connection with the cam plate is not broken, or the driving force provided by the cam plate in either direction does not have to be replaced by a spring force.

Other preferred features of the invention are shown in the dependent frames.

The invention will now be explained in more detail on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 3 show a knitting machine according to the present invention using a flat knitting machine as an example.

Two V-shaped needle beds 3 are fixed to the machine frame 1, and knitting needles, preferably latch needles, equipped with hooks 6 as known in the art are supported in the grooves thereof so as to be vertically displaceable.

A drive shaft 7 is rotatably supported on each needle bed 3 by a bearing 8.

The drive shaft 7 can be rotated at a desired rotational speed by a drive device (not shown).

On the drive shaft I, there are eccentric cams 1 whose number corresponds to the number of knitting needles 5.
0 are arranged non-rotatably, and each cam plate 10 is arranged in the same plane as the associated knitting needle 5 and has a thickness that is less than the distance between the associated knitting needle 5 and the two neighboring needles.

As an alternative, the cam plate 10 can lie in a different plane than the associated knitting needle 5, in which case the drive element 12 can have a suitable bend.

One drive element 12 can be mounted on each cam plate 10 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

Suitably, the drive element 12 lies in the same plane as the associated cam plate 10.

Each drive element 12 preferably has two generally parallel arms 14.
, 15, these arms are connected by a connecting rod 16, which is arranged approximately perpendicular thereto and serves as a connecting element.

The two arms 14, 15 in this embodiment surround the cam plate 10 from two sides, the point of contact between the arms and the cam plate 10 being on a line approximately parallel to the axis of the needle and thus the drive element 12. is raised and lowered by a cam plate 10 in parallel to the needle axis when the drive shaft I rotates, thus performing an extrusion stroke and a retraction stroke.

The cam plate 10 and drive element 12 preferably have two arms 14
．． 15 always abuts the cam plate 10 in at least two opposite locations irrespective of its angular position, so that the drive element 12 is positively guided by the cam plate 10 at each stage of its movement.

For this reason, the cam plate 10 does not need to be configured in a perfect circle, and it is sufficient that the cam plate 10 has the same thickness.

A shaft 18 is provided on the side of the drive element 12 facing the connecting rod 16, on the end of which, as shown in FIG. 2, a pressure spring 20 fixed to the machine frame 1 acts.

The pressing spring 20 tends to bring the connecting rod 16 into contact with the cam plate 16 .

Alternatively, it can touch another part of the drive element 12 as in FIG.

The shaft 18 is supported by an idler rotation bearing.

This bearing consists of, for example, an elongated hole 21 in the shaft 18 and a shaft 22 which is fixed to the machine frame 1 and passes through this elongated hole 21, so that the drive element 12 is moved on the one hand by the action of the pressing spring 20 to move the cam plate 10. is held on the top and on the other hand the idle rotation bearing 2
1.22 for displacement and rotation.

As an alternative, the drive element 12 can preferably be supported on a spring 23 and have a similar movement as when it is supported on free rotation bearings 21, 22 (FIG. 27).

Spring 23 can at the same time assume the function of spring 20.

A recess is provided in the upper part of the drive element 12, the upper edge of which serves as a recess 24 for the associated knitting needle 50 butt;
The lower edge serves as an extrusion 25.

Correspondingly, the lower edge of the bat is regarded as a pushing means 28 and the upper edge as a pulling means 29.

The retraction section 24 has a length such that it overlaps the retraction means 29 in all possible positions of the drive element 12 during the retraction stroke of the cam plate 10, whereas the extrusion section 25 has a length such that it overlaps the retraction means 29 in all possible positions of the drive element 12 during the retraction stroke of the cam plate 10; It is so short that it overlaps the push-out means 28 in the connected position of the coupling element 16, which is visible in FIG.

A control device is provided in each case for controlling the knitting needles 5 according to the pattern.

In the embodiment shown, this control device includes a handle-controlled holding electromagnet 33 and a control spring 34, both of which are fixed to the machine frame 1.

One side of the control spring 34 is fixed, and the free end is preloaded into contact with the magnetic pole surface of the holding electromagnet 33 by a projection 36 provided on the shaft 18.

When the holding electromagnet 33 attracts the control spring 34, the connecting rod 16 can be pressed against the associated cam plate 10 by the spring 20 until the push-out part 25 overlaps the push-out means 28.

On the other hand, when the control spring 34 is not attracted by the holding electromagnet 33, it separates from the magnetic pole surface due to preload, and the shaft 18
As a result, the drive element is stopped in the retracted position regardless of the action of the pressing spring 20, and the push-out part 25 remains outside the engagement range e of the push-out means 28.

The cam plates 10 arranged on the drive shaft 7 preferably have a constant angular stagger, so that a helical course is produced in a known manner, so that the cam plates 10 arranged within one pitch are offset by a certain angle. There are two organizational systems.

In order to create the desired angular offset, the cam plate 10 can be provided with suitable internal teeth, while the drive shaft 7 can be provided with suitable external teeth.

As an alternative, one partition plate with internal teeth is arranged between each of the cam plates, and the cam plates 10 themselves do not have internal teeth, but are mounted on the drive shaft T with almost no gap, and are kept in a centered state. It can be rotated into any position and then glued and fixed to a partition plate or the like.

For example, the 24th, 36th or 72nd knitting needles 5 form one knitting system.

That is, the 24th, 36th, or 72nd cam plates 10 are mounted on the drive shaft 7 with the same angular stagger.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, ten adjacent knitting needles 5 form one knitting system, so that each needle bed 3 is provided with a total of five knitting systems.

The phase relationship of the two drive shafts 70 can be varied for reasons of knitting technology.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, each knitting needle 5 has a butt 39.
has.

The batt 39 can interact with a plurality of stitch forming parts 40.

The stitch forming section 40 is fixed to an endless belt 42, each of which is supported on at least two guide rollers 43 or other deflection elements and driven by a drive device, not shown.

The arrow above the guide roller 43 indicates the feeding direction.

In the area of the two needle rows, the stitch forming part 40 runs parallel to the needle bed, extending over the entire width of the needle bed 3, and is always at the same unchanging height as it passes beside the knitting needles 5. be done.

Each stitch forming section 40 has a first cam 48 that works in the retraction direction and a second cam 47 that rises in the extrusion direction, and both of them together form a passage 49 into which the knitting needle 50 butt 39 enters. Then, it is first pulled in by the first cam 48 to form the stitch Q, and then pulled back to the normal passing position by the second cam 47.

In particular, as is clear from FIG. 3, the second cam 47 is fixed to the fixed part of the stitch forming section 40, but the
8 is movably supported on the stitch forming part 40, and the arm 50
A compression spring 51 fixed to the stitch forming section 40 acts on this arm 50.

At least one sliding rod 53, which extends over the entire width of the needle bed 3 and whose height is adjustable, serves as a receiver for the upper edge of the cam 48.

Preferably, a plurality of adjustable slide bars 53 as described above are provided, which have guides 54 on the side facing the upper edge of the cam 48 .

Plates 55 selected according to the handle can be individually inserted into grooves formed on the upper edge of the arm 50 and corresponding in number to the number of guides 54 described above.

Its upper edge enters the associated guide 54 and thereby determines the distance between the two cams 47.48.

In this way, the 50-stitch forming section of the knitting needle can be set variously by the cam 48.

In the stitch forming section 40, the knitting needles 5 are connected to the retracting section 2 of the driving element 12.
The bat 39 is positioned relative to the bat 39 at a height such that the bat 39 can enter the passage 49 only after being retracted to approximately the normal Q passage position by the bat 4.

The cam 48 is therefore activated only when the entire retraction stroke of the cam plate 10 has been completed, and the retraction is performed to form a stitch or to draw the loop formed by the hook 6 into the stitch previously formed and above the stem. Only a small part of the stroke is produced, whereas the major part of the retraction stroke is carried out by the drive element 12 which is positively driven by the cam plate 10.

In order to avoid that the auxiliary retraction stroke caused by the cam 48 interferes with the retraction stroke caused by the drive element 12, the distance between the retraction part 24 and the extrusion part 250 of the drive element 12 is set such that the distance between the extrusion means 28 and the retraction means of the knitting needles 5 is 290 spacing corresponding to the maximum achievable auxiliary retraction stroke with the retraction cam 48, i.e. the knitting needle 5 is
In addition to the movement caused by 0, the knitting needle 5 and the cam plate 1 are
The transmission coupling of 0 is configured to have a clearance.

The distance between adjacent stitch forming portions 40 on the belt 42 is
This corresponds to the interval between knitting systems expressed in the number of stitches.

The feed rate of the belt 42 is synchronized with the rotation of the drive shaft 70, so that the first cam 48 always starts acting on the butt 39 when the knitting needle 5 in question is retracted by the drive element 12 in question almost to the passing position. It has become.

The device shown in FIG. 1, for example, can be used for yarn feeding.

A beam 57 for the thread path 59 is provided on the upper side of the machine frame.
The beam 57 is disposed approximately in the center of the needle bed 3 and perpendicular to the needle bed 3, and is bent so that all the thread paths 59 have approximately the same spacing with respect to the gap passing between the two needle beds 30. be.

As many bobbins 61 as there are yarn paths 59 are provided in a machine frame (not shown), and if necessary, spare bobbins can be provided as is known in the art.

A plurality of yarn guides 63 are provided in the area of the knitting needles 50 and the hooks 60 when viewed in the extrusion position.

The yarn guide is fixed to an endless belt 64.

The endless belts 64 are each supported on at least two guide rollers 67 or other deflecting elements and are passed past the knitting needles on a line parallel to the needle bed by means of a drive (not shown).

Each yarn guide 63 has a yarn feeder 69 into which the yarn 70 coming from the bobbin 61 can be inserted.

Yarn guide 63 in the direction of the arrow on guide roller 67
1, there is a cutting device for the thread 70, which is known per se, at the right-hand end of the needle bed 3 in FIG.

The task of this cutting device is to cut the yarn 70 fed from the yarn guide 63 as soon as it is caught by the hook 6 of the last knitting needle 50 processing it.

A pneumatic tube 72 is provided to convey the thread end freed by the cutting device to the left end of the needle bed 3 in FIG.

Compressed air is forced into the pneumatic pipe 72 in the direction of arrow P1 by a hose 73 connected to a compressed air source.

The lower end of the pneumatic pipe 72 is arranged directly above the place through which the yarn feeder 69 provided in the yarn guide 63 passes, for example, the ball joint 7.
It is supported by 4th place.

An optional rocking mechanism 75 is assigned to the pneumatic tube 72, so that the upper end of the pneumatic tube 72 can be placed directly below each thread path 59.

Each pneumatic tube 72 also has a horizontal slit 76 which is continuous from top to bottom and faces toward the right end of the needle bed 3 in FIG.
has.

The transverse slit 76 can be covered with elastic material fixed along one edge of the slit if desired.

This elastic material on the one hand guarantees the complete transport of the thread fj5E in the pneumatic tube, but on the other hand it makes it possible to remove the thread located in the pneumatic tube laterally through the slit.

Finally, the upper end of the pneumatic tube is configured to perform a combined suction and pneumatic action in conjunction with the supplied compressed air.

As a result, a piece of yarn with a free end and therefore disordered hanging from the thread channel 59 is pulled onto the upper end of the pneumatic tube 72 on the one hand after the upper end of the pneumatic tube 72 has been set in said yarn channel 59. , on the other hand, from where it will be carried through the pneumatic tube 72 to its lower end.

In order to fix the free yarn end carried from the rear end of the needle bed 3 to the tip of the needle bed 3 by the pneumatic tube 72, a conventional thread stopper (not shown) is installed at the left end of the needle bed 3 in FIG. A device or a pneumatic suction device 68 can be provided.

With this device, the yarn end is fixed by suction at least until the yarn 70 is caught by several hooks 6 and processed into stitches by the hooks 6.

The yarn guides 63 are arranged on the belt 64 at intervals corresponding to the width of the knitting system expressed in the number of stitches.

The feed speed of the belt 64 is synchronized with the rotational speed of the drive shaft I, and immediately before the knitting needles 5 selected for knitting are drawn in by the drive element 12 and then by the stitch forming section 40,
Yarn 70 is supplied to this extruded knitting needle 50 hook 6.

If a three-color pattern is to be produced with the five-line knitting machine shown in FIG. 1, for example six bobbins 61 are used for this purpose, each two bobbins 61 being provided with threads of the same color.

Therefore, the following process continues in a continuous cycle.

This process may have some variations.

On the other hand, the yarn fed by the hook 6 of the knitting needle selected by the yarn guide 63 is cut at the right end of the needle bed 3, that is, at the end of the silk fabric, so that it freely hangs down from the corresponding yarn path 59. , the corresponding yarn guide 63 at the rear end of the needle bed 3 can be returned to the left-hand part of the needle bed, ie to the leading edge of the knitted fabric.

On the other hand, the upper end of the pneumatic tube 72 is set in the yarn path 59 of the yarn to be returned after the yarn inside it and sent to the tip of the knitted fabric is pulled out from the horizontal slit. This yarn is sucked in the direction of the yarn path 59 and sent to the tip of the knitted fabric by the pneumatic tube 12, and is passed through the yarn feeder 69 of the next yarn guide 63 passing under the lower end of the pneumatic tube 72. Finally, after being fixed to the tip of the knitted fabric, this next yarn guide 6
3 comes to the insertion position for the first knitting needle.

Since there are 6 threads for 5 lines, there is always one thread free for return shipping.

The yarn 70 inserted into the yarn feeder 69 of the yarn guide 630 by the pneumatic tube 72 moves together with the yarn guide toward the end of the knitted fabric.

Since the yarn end is first fixed at the leading edge of the knitted fabric, the yarn is pulled out through the slit of the pneumatic tube 72 by the movement of the yarn guide, the withdrawal starting at the bottom of the pneumatic tube 72 until the yarn guide has reached a predetermined number. After passing through the knitting needle 5, the yarn guide 63
Since the entire piece of yarn between the yarn guide 69 and the yarn guide 69 is pulled out from the pneumatic pipe T2, its upper end is set in the yarn path 59 of the next yarn to be fed in a timely manner before the next yarn guide 63 enters. be able to.

Depending on the number of knitting systems and the number of colors required, several pneumatic tubes can be used, in which case the two parts of the pneumatic tube cycle overlap.

Finally, by controlling the pneumatic tube it is possible to change the order of the threads to be processed at will.

A take-up winding device 75 is provided for taking up and winding up the knitted fabric produced during use of the knitting machine, and includes two needle beds 30.
It is stored in the machine frame 1 under the space in between.

The knitting machine described above operates as follows.

? To knit a knitted fabric of one color, the control spring 34 is always pulled out of the stop 370 area of the shaft 18, since it is always attracted by the holding electromagnet 33.

As a result, when observing the movement of any knitting needle 5, the corresponding cam plate 10 first moves the drive element 12 placed above it upwards, with the push-out part 25 of the drive element 12 under the action of the pressure spring 20. It engages under the extrusion means 28 of the knitting needle 5 and lifts it up, and eventually the extrusion stroke of the cam plate 10 is completed and the knitting needle 5 reaches its highest position.

At this point the yarn guide 63 passes by the open hook 6 of this knitting needle 5, so that the yarn 70 is inserted and during the next retraction stroke of force 410 this yarn 70 is pulled by the hook 6 to form a loop. Become.

During the first half of this retraction stroke, the cam plate 10 simultaneously presses the connecting rod 16 acting as a connecting element, so that the connecting rod 16
is also displaced in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the knitting needle 5 together with the entire drive element 12 against the force of the presser spring 20 .

During this movement, the retraction part 24 always engages with the retraction means 29 of the knitting needles 5.

Since the control spring 34 is held by the holding electromagnet 33, the drive element 12 is pushed back again in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the knitting needles 5 in the second half of the retraction stroke of the cam plate 10 by the action of the push spring 20, so that the drive element The extrusion section 25 of 12 is connected to the cam plate 100 again at the beginning of the next extrusion process.
Connected with 8.

After completing the bowing process, the stitch forming section 40 moves its cam 4
The knitting needle 50 starts to operate when the needle 8 is in the passing position.
The knitting needles 5 have reached a position where they support the stitch forming process.

The size of this stitch forming process is set in advance to a desired value by the slide rod 53.

Also, at this time, since the cam plate 10 simultaneously starts its extrusion stroke, the knitting needles 5 are brought to the highest position again after the stitch forming stroke is completed.

When the knitting needle 5 reaches this highest position again, the next yarn guide 63 is in the area of the hook 6, so that the yarn can be inserted again.

When the above-mentioned knitting needle remains in the passing position during the extrusion stroke of the cam plate 10 to create a pattern, a control signal is sent to the holding electromagnet 33, and the control spring is disengaged due to preload.
During movement of the drive element 12 in a direction perpendicular to the needle axis, a stop 37 is brought into contact.

The connecting rod 16 as well as the drive element 12 are thus connected to the extrusion 2
5 is outside the range of action of the extrusion means 28, so that
During the extrusion stroke of the cam plate 10, the knitting needles 5 are stopped at a position where they are not lifted.

However, since the drive element 12 is lifted during the extrusion stroke, the projection 36 comes into contact with the control spring 34 and presses its end again against the pole face of the holding electromagnet 33, thus making it possible to perform a new needle selection.

Finally, when trying to make a multicolored pattern, on the one hand, the yarn guide 63 is fed with various colored threads 70, and on the other hand, the knitting needles 5
A holding electromagnet 33 assigned to the holding electromagnet 33 is actuated accordingly, and a jacquard knitted fabric is thus usually produced.

However, in this case, the course is not formed when each individual yarn guide 63 passes through the needle bed 3;
A number of yarn guides corresponding to the number of colors must pass through the needle bed to form a course.

To create a horizontal striped pattern, the pneumatic pipe 72 blows yarn of a specific color over a specific number of courses into the yarn feeder 69 of the yarn guide 63, and then blows yarn of a different color according to the pattern. By shifting, this can be done without driving the holding electromagnet 33.

It is preferable that the drive shaft is supported in some way not only at the ends but also between the ends.
According to the above, each drive shaft I is auxiliary supported at at least one location by at least two bearing frames fixed to the machine frame.

Preferably, these bearing plates are simultaneously configured as separating plates 77 and, being arranged between two cam plates 100 in each case, have a dual function.

The bearing surface of the partition plate 770 surrounds most of the outer circumference of the drive shaft 7 , the radius of the bearing surface being equal to the radius of the drive shaft and forming a direct outer bearing of the drive shaft 1 .

An embodiment of the auxiliary indirect outer bearing is shown in FIG.

In this embodiment, two cam plates 10 each on the drive shaft 7
A perfectly circular partition plate 80 is fitted between the two, the partition plate 80 having internal teeth and the drive shaft having external teeth.

A bearing plate 81 fixed to the machine frame on at least one, but preferably several or all, of the separating plates 80 from at least two sides surrounds a large part of the outer circumference of the separating plate 80.

Since the radius of the separating plate 800 is preferably larger than the maximum radius of the cam plate 10, its sides simultaneously act as guide surfaces for the drive element 120 and thus have a triple function.

On the other hand, the bearing plate 81 extends over the entire width of the needle bed 3.

This can be done by replacing each with one sliding bearing.

Compared to the embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 5, the bearing surface is much thicker since it is an indirect bearing acting on the separating plate 80.

In two embodiments, the bearing surface and the guide surface move in oil.

A second embodiment of the indirect outer bearing is shown in FIG.

In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the separating plate 80 is not guided by sliding bearings, but by rolling bearings 82, which are arranged at at least three places on the outer periphery of the separating plate 80, and which extend over the width of the needle bed. Can be expanded.

In the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the cam plate 10 is not supported directly on the drive shaft 7 itself, but on a plurality of sleeves 83.

The sleeve 83 is fitted onto the drive shaft I so as to be non-rotatable but movable in the axial direction, and is separated by a gap.

The cam plate 10 and the partition plate 80 on one side are fixed on each sleeve 83 so as to be non-rotatable and non-displaceable in the axial direction.

The advantage of this embodiment is that even if the temperature of the drive shaft I is subject to relatively large fluctuations compared to the temperature of the needle bed 3, the relative displacement between the drive shaft and the needle bed caused by this is , does not have a detrimental effect on the relative position of drive element 12 and connecting rod 16 to each other.

If the sleeve 83 is placed exactly opposite the needle in question during installation (this can be done by means of auxiliary lateral guidance of the drive element 12 in question), expansion of the sleeve 83 caused by temperature fluctuations is within tolerances. and is ensured that it is absorbed by the small gap 84 in the area of the abutment.

Since this gap 84 is very small compared to the thickness of the cam plate 10 or the separating plate 80, it does not interfere with their functions.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 8, an indirect inner bearing is also provided in order to create an auxiliary bearing for the drive shaft I.

The sleeve 83 has a symmetrical notch 85 at the abutment.

Cutout 85 provides sufficient space for rolling bearing 86.

The outer race 88 of the rolling bearing 86 is fixed to at least two support plates 89.

A support plate 89 is arranged in place of the separating plate 800 in the area of the abutment and projects through the gap between the adjacent ends of the sleeve 83 into the space formed by the cutout 85 .

Since the inner race 91 of the rolling bearing 86 is fixed to two adjacent sleeves 83, the drive shaft I and the sleeve 8
3 rolls on the fixed outer race 88 as it rotates.

This embodiment includes not only an auxiliary bearing for the drive shaft 7, but also
It also makes it possible to compensate for changes in the length of the drive shaft I caused by temperature fluctuations.

Rolling bearing 860 also serves to secure the end of sleeve 83
Alternatively, plain bearings can be provided.

The selection of the knitting needles 5 can be made in various ways based on the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3.

However, in all embodiments, at least 4
Two basic elements are provided: a cam plate 10, a drive element 12 with at least one extrusion part 25 and a retraction part 24, a connecting element (for example a connecting rod 16) and a knitting needle 5 with extrusion means 28 and retraction means 29. be.

The cam plate 10 is for producing an extrusion stroke and a retraction stroke.

The extrusion process refers to changing or lifting the knitting needle 5 from the normal lower inactive position to the upper position (knitting height or tuck height) necessary for forming stitches within 100 rotations of the cam plate. On the other hand, the retraction stroke is necessary to retract the knitting needles 5 that have been partially (tuck height) or completely (knitting height) displaced to the inoperative position within 100 revolutions of the cam plate. The three extrusion strokes and the retraction stroke corresponding to the above portion may include 100 half revolutions or less than half a revolution of the cam plate.

Although it is possible to derive a stroke movement in both directions from the rotational movement of the cam plate 100, for the movement of the knitting needle 5, the stroke movement is usually parallel to the axis of the knitting needle 5 in the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3. Only the directional component (hereinafter referred to as stroke direction or direction of extrusion and retraction strokes) is required.

However, if measures are taken to deflect the above-mentioned stroke motion components by suitable intermediate elements, such as push rods, plates, levers, etc., in a manner suitable for indirect displacement of the knitting needles 5, then the above-mentioned components can be Can be on any other axis.

According to the invention, the drive element 12 is an element that is continuously and positively driven in the travel direction by the cam plate 10.

As is clear from FIGS. 2 and 3, this can be achieved by forcibly connecting the driving element 12 and the cam plate 10 in a direction parallel to the axis of the knitting needle 5; This means that it can be displaced relative to the cam plate 10 in the direction.

According to the implementation of the needle selection policy selected in each case,
Alternatively, the drive element can seat the cam plate positively in all directions.

The connecting element connects the extrusion part 25 of the drive element 12 with the extrusion means 28 of the knitting needle 5 or other knitting tool (auxiliary element) according to the pattern, and the drive element 1 carried out in the direction of the extrusion stroke.
2 is transmitted to the knitting needles 5 for as long as necessary for knitting technology reasons.

In that case, the coupling element can be arranged in several upright positions, i.e. in a released position, in which the drive element 12 is not coupled with the knitting needle 50 during the extrusion stroke, and in a lower position, in which there is a transmission connection between the drive element 12 and the knitting needle 50 during the extrusion stroke. Both can take one connection position.

According to the invention, the drive element 12 is particularly important during the retraction stroke.

This is because the retraction of the knitting needles 5 takes place irrespective of the position of the connecting element 16.

These measures ensure that the connecting element is moved during the retraction stroke.
This means that the desired position can be selected in the next extrusion process.

Embodiment of the control device according to FIGS. 2 and 3 (holding electromagnet 3
3 and the control spring 34), during the retraction stroke in principle all the connecting elements, irrespective of their position, are first placed in the released position and then in the connected position according to the handle.

Alternatively, when using a separate control device, it is possible to first place all coupling elements in the coupling position and then the selected coupling element in the release position π during the retraction stroke.

The embodiment according to FIGS. 9 to 16 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 mainly in the following points.

In other words, in addition to the choice between knitting and non-knitting, it is also possible to choose between knitting and tuck.

The very schematic representation of FIG. 9 shows that it is only necessary to configure the extrusion of the drive element 12 as a step 95 and the stop of the shaft 18 as a step 96.

Preferably, step 96 is proximate the center of rotation of drive element 120.

This is because the movement of the drive element in the travel direction is the least noticeable there.

The functionality of the embodiment according to FIGS. 9 to 16 is as follows.

In FIG. 9, the cam plate 10 is in the first half of the retraction stroke, so
The knitting needles 5 can be retracted either completely or depending on whether they were previously pushed out into the tuck position.

This is because the retracting means 29 always overlap the retracting portion 24.

On the other hand, at the same time, the cam plate 10 contacts the connecting element, which is designed as a connecting rod 16, and displaces it, together with the drive element 12, increasingly to the right in a direction perpendicular to the stroke direction, so that the projection 36 presses the control spring 34. This is then brought into contact with the magnetic pole face of the holding electromagnet.

After the control spring 34 has been applied to the holding electromagnet 33, a control signal can be sent to it.

As can be seen in FIG. 10, before the cam plate 10 has completed the first half of its bowing stroke or the connecting rod 16 has reached its farthest release position on the right, the control spring 34 has already been released from the holding electromagnet 33. is leaving.

As a result (FIG. 11), as soon as the cam plate 10 is in the second half of its retracting stroke, the projection 97 on the control spring locks behind the first part of the step 96, and the pressure spring 20 moves against the connecting rod 16.
, so that the connecting rod 16 is stopped in the release position and the extrusion part of the drive element 12, which is configured as a step 95, is held outside the range of action of the extrusion means 28 of the knitting needle 5. .

Therefore, the knitting needles 5 are not interfered with during the next extrusion stroke of the cam plate (FIG. 12).

After the start of the next retraction stroke, the cam plate 10 again comes into contact with the connecting rod 16, as can be seen in FIG.
7 escapes from step 96 and control spring 34 releases holding electromagnet 33.
, and a new needle selection can be performed.

If the control spring 34 remains attached to the holding electromagnet during the second half of the retraction stroke, the pressure spring 20 constantly preloads the connecting rod 16 in the direction of the cam plate 10 (FIG. 13), so that the stage of the drive element 12 The first part 95 is the extrusion means 2 of the knitting needle 5
8 and is transmission coupled.

The connecting rod 16 is in one connecting position.

When forming a raised stitch, the protrusion 9 of the control spring 34
7 is above the second part of the stage 96 of the shaft 18 and therefore when it enters this part, a control signal is sent to the holding electromagnet 33 during the second half of the retraction stroke (FIG. 14).

Accurate synchronization of this process with the movement of the cam plate is easy.

This is because the shaft 18 is
This is because the time required to move the cam plate 10 corresponds to a specific rotation angle of the cam plate 10.

These'? As a result of the cape 6, the connecting rod 16 is stopped in the other connecting position, and the second part of the step 97 is arranged just below the extrusion means of the knitting needles 5.

During the next extrusion stroke the knitting needles are raised to the tuck position (
Figure 15).

Finally, as can be seen in FIG. 16, after each knitting needle 5 has been brought by the drive element 12 into a position corresponding to its normal inactive position, the stitch forming part 40 is acted upon by other means, for example on the butt 39. This allows you to pull it into a deeper position.

This is because the spacing between the extrusion means 28 and the retraction means 290 of the knitting needles 5 is smaller than the spacing between the extrusion part 25 and the retraction part 240 of the drive element 12, in which case the extrusion part consists of the first (upper) part of the step 95. .

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 17, a bifurcated drive element 12 with a connecting rod 16 and an elongated shaft 18 serving as a connecting element is also provided.

However, [unlike the embodiments shown in FIGS.
are roughly on the same axis.

Two horizontal bars 10 are provided on the sides of the drive element 12 and project downward.
1,102, and the holding electromagnet 330 interacts with the control spring 34.

In that case, the control spring 34 has a protrusion 1 provided on the connecting rod 16.
04 can also work.

The direction of rotation of the cam plate 100 is indicated by an arrow.

The functionality of this embodiment is as follows. After the cam plate 10 completes the extrusion process, it is brought into contact with the connecting rod 16, and the connecting rod 1
6 and with it the projection 104 to the right in FIG. 17, so that the control spring 34 rests on the holding electromagnet 33.

If the control spring 34 is held there, its upper end rests against the crossbar 101 from the outside during the retraction stroke, so that the connecting rod 16 also rests against the cam plate 10 after the retraction stroke is completed. be touched.

It corresponds to the connecting position of the connecting rod 16 which results in the extrusion of the knitting needles to the highest position.

However, if the control spring 34 is not held by the holding electromagnet, its upper end will come into contact with the stop 105 before reaching the area of action of the lower end of the crossbar 102, so that its upper end will not be able to handle the rest of the retraction stroke. Figure 17 Horizontal bar 1 from the left side
02.

Since the connecting rod 16 is thus stopped in the release position, it cannot follow the cam plate 10 in the second half of the retraction stroke, and neither of the two sections 950 of the step 950 is located within the action range of the extrusion means 28 of the knitting needles 5.

The knitting needles 5 are therefore not interfered with during the next extrusion stroke.

After the lower end of the crossbar 102 has slipped off the upper end of the control spring 34, the protrusion 104 holds the control spring 34 again by the electromagnet 3.
3, the next needle selection starts.

Finally, in order to form a raised stitch, when the upper control spring end is between the lower end of the horizontal bar 102 and the lower end of the horizontal bar 101 in FIG. Release the control spring 34 according to the handle.

As a result, the upper end of the control spring 34 reaches the channel in the further course of the retraction stroke, and the connecting rod 16 is stopped in the intermediate position, the second connecting position, in which the left-hand part of the step 95 in FIG. It is arranged below the extrusion part 28.

The knitting needles 5 then only reach the tuck height in the next extrusion stroke.

The embodiments described so far with reference to FIGS. 9 to 17 show that the drive element 12 is rigidly connected to a connecting element (connecting rod 16), which can be moved together with the drive element in the travel direction. However, embodiments in which the coupling element is pivoted to the drive element 12 or not connected at all to it and can only be moved in the travel direction with the drive element will be explained next.

According to FIG. 18, the drive element 12 is bifurcated with two arms 14, 15, as described above.

These arms contact the cam plate 12 at at least two opposite points at every angular position and are connected to a fixed connecting rod 16.

However, in this case, the connecting rod 16 does not serve as a connecting element, but rather supports the drive element 12 on sliding bearings 107 arranged in Y rows in the stroke direction.

A swivel bearing 109 is fixed to the extension of the free end of the arm 14, on which a rod 110 serving as a connecting element is supported swingably but not axially displaceable, on which a pressure spring 111 is attached. act.

A holding electromagnet 33 is arranged on the rod 110 at a location facing away from the cam plate 10 , and on the other hand, directly above the rod 110 the pushing means 28 for the knitting needles 5 are arranged, so that the free end of the rod is connected to the drive element 12 .
Acts as an extrusion part.

The retraction means 29 of the knitting needles 5 are always arranged below the retraction part 113 which is configured as an extension of the arm 15 of the drive element 12 .

This is because neither the knitting needle 5 nor the drive element 12 can be pivoted in a direction perpendicular to the needle axis.

The direction of rotation of the cam plate 10 is indicated by an arrow.

The embodiment according to FIG. 18 operates as follows.

After the cam plate 10 has completed its extrusion stroke, the extrusion means 28 of the knitting needles 5 are lowered from the free end of the rod 110 due to the slight clearance between the retraction part 113 and the retraction means 290.

After approximately half of the retraction stroke, the cam plate 10 rests against the rod 110 and presses it in the plane of the drive element against the force of the pressure spring 111 against the pole face of the associated electromagnet 33 and with it into the release position. do.

When the holding electromagnet 33 attracts the rod 110 in the latter half of the retraction stroke, the upper end of the rod 110 is placed outside the action range of the extrusion means 28 of the knitting needle 5, so that the knitting needle 5 is not interfered with during the next extrusion stroke.

On the other hand, when the rod 110 is released from the holding electromagnet 33 in the latter half of the retraction stroke, the cam plate 11 is pushed by the pressing spring 111.
0 and moves to the connecting position accordingly, its upper end is placed under the extrusion means 28 and the knitting needle 5 is extruded.

The coupling element, which in this embodiment is also configured as a rod 110, therefore couples the knitting needle 5 and the drive element 12 by transmitting or not transmitting the extrusion force derived from the swivel bearing 109 to the extrusion means 28 according to the handle. It is for.

Alternatively, in the embodiment according to FIG. 18, the upper end of the push-out means 28 of the knitting needle 5 or the rod 110 is configured as a step;
A selection between knitting and tacking can also be provided by suitably driving the holding electromagnet 33.

Further, as in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 9 to 17, the cam plate 1
In order to allow the knitting needles 5 to perform an auxiliary stitch forming process that is not derived from 0, the upper end of the rod 110 and the retracting portion 1
The 130 spacing can be greater than the spacing between the pushing means 28 and the pulling means 29.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 19, the drive element 12, consisting of two arms 14 and 15 and a connecting rod 16, is supported on a plain bearing 107 parallel to the needle axis, as in the embodiment shown in FIG.

However, as a connecting element there is provided a rod 115 which is swingably fixed to the knitting needle 5, which rod 115 is arranged in an extension of the needle shaft between the two arms 14, 15 and has a butt 117. The lower edge of the latter interacts as a push-out means with the upper edge of the extension of the arm 14, which acts as a push-out.

It is again the upper edge of the butt of the knitting needle that serves as the retraction means 29 for the knitting needle 5, while the retraction part of the drive element is a suitably bent extension 118 of the drive element 12.

After the cam plate 10 completes the extrusion stroke, the butt 117
is lowered from the extension part due to the slight clearance between the retraction means 29 and the extension part, so that the rod 115 resists the force of the pressing spring 119 during the subsequent process of the retraction stroke of the cam plate 10, and the magnetic pole face of the holding electromagnet The cam plate is swung into the release position and the cam plate is swiveled into the plane.

Depending on whether the holding electromagnet 33 attracts the bar 115 or releases it before the completion of the retraction stroke, the lower edge of the butt 117 may or may not be within the range of action of the upper edge of the extension of the arm 14 at the beginning of the extrusion stroke. , knitted according to a pattern, or not knitted.

The release or selection of rod 115 can occur in this embodiment long before the completion of the retraction stroke as in the embodiment of FIG. 18.

Butt 117 of stick of knitting needle 5 not selected for knitting
However, it is not possible to reach the bottom of the extended side of the arm 14.

This is because the cam plate 10 holds it in a position different from the connecting position until the retraction stroke is almost completed.

In the connecting position, the connecting element configured as a rod 115 creates a transmission connection between the drive element 12 and the knitting needle 5 .

Alternatively, in this embodiment as well, the bat 117 or the arm 14
By suitably configuring the upper edge of the extension, it is possible to provide a choice between knitting and tucking.

The rod 115 holds the electromagnet 3 during the retraction or extrusion stroke.
In order to avoid having to slide along the axis of the needle on the magnetic pole face of No. 3, the rod 115 is provided with an extension 120 according to FIG.

This extension 120 is supported in a forked guide 123 and can be moved therein in the direction of the needle axis.

On the other hand, the bifurcated guide 123 is arranged in the plane of the drive element 12 and can be pivoted about a pivot center 1240 in this plane.

The pressing spring 125 preloads the bar 115 in the direction of the cam plate 10 via the two-pronged guide 123, and conversely, the two-pronged guide 123 causes the cam plate to pivot by acting on the bar 115, so that the magnetic pole face of the holding electromagnet 33 and can then be released from this pole face according to the handle or retained by the pole face.

Therefore, the difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 19 is that instead of the rod 115 being moved in the stroke direction by the drive element 12, a two-pronged guide 123 that is rotatably supported and cannot be displaced in the needle axis direction is interfered with according to the handle. Is Rukoto.

The embodiment according to FIG. 20 can be extended by allowing a selection between formations and tanks as in FIG. 21.

For this purpose, on the one hand, the upper edge of the extension of the arm 14 is constructed as a two-part step 128, and on the other hand, a two-part step 129 is provided on the fork guide 123.

This stage 129 interacts with a control spring 34 which is interfered with by a holding electromagnet 33 in the same way as in the embodiment of FIGS. 9-17.

The control spring 34 has a protrusion 131. A step 132 is molded into the extension of the protrusion 131 and interacts with a cross bar 135 provided in the vertical extension of the step 128.

The cross bar 135 has a step 132 at every position of the drive element 12.
the control spring against the holding electromagnet just before the completion of the extrusion stroke.

Finally, by further modifying FIG. 20, the rod 115 is the bat 1.
36, the upper edge of which acts as a retraction means that interacts with the retraction portion 118 of the drive element.

Therefore, both the extrusion part and the retraction part of the drive element act on the extrusion means or the retraction means.

The latter may be provided with knitting needles 5 (or with other knitting tools or connecting elements).

The functionality of the embodiment according to FIG. 21 is as follows.

After the cam plate 10 has completed its extrusion stroke, the protrusion of the control spring 34 causes the cam plate 10 to abut the bar 115 and press it outward until it is pivoted out of the range of action of the step 128 into the release position. 131 is located behind the left-hand portion of step 129 in FIG. 21 due to the corresponding pivoting of forked guide 123.

If the control spring 34, which was brought into contact with the pole face of the holding electromagnet 33 by the interaction of the crossbar 135 and the step 132 just before the completion of the extrusion stroke, is released from the holding electromagnet at this point,
It separates due to the preload.

Then, when the two-pronged guide 123 is turned slightly to the left by the pushing spring 126 in the second part of the retraction stroke, the protrusion 123 immediately
1 is abutted against the first part of step 129.

The connecting element, which is designed as a rod 115, is thus stopped in the release position, so that the knitting needles 5 are not lifted during the next extrusion stroke.

When the knitting needles 5 are to be knitted, the control spring 34 is held by the holding electromagnet 33, so that the knitting needles 5 are raised to the knitting position until the lower edge of the butt 117 is above the high part of the step 128. The rod 115 is rotated back in the direction of the cam plate 10 during the second half of the retraction stroke until one coupling position is reached, which results in the movement of the rod 115.

Finally, in order to control the knitting needles 5 in the tuck position, the control spring 34 is activated by the holding electromagnet 3 only when the projection 131 is located in the area of the step 129 second part in the second half of the retraction stroke.
3 is also released, but after release it hits the said part, whereby the rod 115 is stopped in the second connected position,
Since in this position the lower edge of butt 117 rests on the lower part of step 128, knitting needles 5 only reach the tuck position during the extrusion stroke.

Finally, FIGS. 22 to 25 show various stages of movement of the needle feed system according to FIG. 21.

That is, Fig. 21 shows the time of selection, Fig. 23 shows the time after selection for knitting, Fig. 24 shows the time after selection for tuck, and Fig. 25 shows the time after selection for non-knitting. shows.

In the embodiments according to FIGS. 20 to 25, the distance between the extension 118 configured as a recess and the high part of the step 128 is also changed to the distance between the upper edge of the butt 136 of the rod 115 and the lower edge of the butt 11γ. By making it sufficiently larger than , it is possible to give the knitting needles 5 an auxiliary stitch forming process that is independent of the rotation of the cam plate.

A particular advantage of the embodiments according to FIGS. 9 to 17 or 21 to 25 is that the connecting element (rod 115) is also controlled in the connecting position set for tacking, so that even at high rotational speeds It is about working.

In the embodiments described so far, all coupling elements are first brought into the release position during the retraction stroke and then from this position are carried along the handle into one of the two coupling positions. An embodiment in which the handle is moved from this position to the release position according to the handle will be described with reference to FIGS. 26 to 31.

The embodiment according to FIGS. 26 to 31 includes a drive element 12 like the embodiment of FIG.

Its connecting rod 16 passes through a plain bearing 107, and its arm 14 carries a swivel bearing 109, which swivel bearing 109
A rod 110 serving as a connecting element 110 is swingable,
However, the rod 110 is supported so as not to be displaceable in the axial direction, and a pressing spring 111 acts on the rod 110.

The rod 110 is held by the electromagnet 33 against the force of the pressing spring 111.
has a notch 141, the lower edge of which is in contact with the extrusion part 1.
42, the upper edge serves as a retracting portion 143 (the 29th
(see figure), the extrusion part 142 then interacts with the corresponding extrusion means 145 of the knitting needle 5, the retraction part 143 with the abutting retraction means 146, and the retraction means 146 interact with the abutting retraction means 146 of the knitting needle 5.
It is configured to overlap the retracting portion 143 at every position.

A spring 147 is fixed to the lower part of the rod, and the rod 110 and the cam plate 1
0 and interacts with the cam plate 10.

The relaxed state of the spring 147 is shown in broken lines in FIGS. 29 to 31, respectively.

The functionality of this embodiment is as follows.

At the position of the cam plate 10, which is visible in FIG. 26, the rod 110 is attracted, for example by the holding electromagnet 33, so that the knitting needles 5 are placed in the knitting position in the next extrusion stroke (see FIG. 27).

During the next extrusion stroke, the cam plate 10 rests against the spring 147, whereby the latter is tensioned and then relaxed again.

If no control signal is sent to the permanent magnet 33 with the control winding during the retraction stroke, the position shown in FIG. 26 will occur again after the retraction stroke has been completed, so that the knitting needle will be lifted again.

When the knitting needles 5 are kept in the normal position, the cam plate 10 has almost completed the retraction stroke, or the cam plate 10 has moved to the butt 14.
1 and the pushing or retracting means 145, 146, a control signal is sent to the control winding of the holding electromagnet 330 (FIG. 28), and on the other hand the stitch forming section 40 causes the stitch formation. will be held.

As a result of the control signal, the pressure spring 111 presses the bar 110 to the left in FIG. 28 until the push-out part 142 is no longer under the push-out means 145.

Spring 147 is not preloaded at this time.

During the next extrusion stroke of the cam plate 100, the knitting needles 5 remain in their normal passing position (FIG. 29).

After the extrusion stroke is completed, the cam plate 10 is first moved again by the spring 1.
47, the rod 110 is preloaded in the direction of the holding electromagnet 33, and the butt 141 is pressed against the shank of the knitting needle 5.

In the subsequent process of the retraction stroke, the butt 141
Since the free recess between 45 and the retraction means 146 is reached (FIG. 30), the connecting position evident in FIG. 31 is again created in the last part of the retraction stroke.

Depending on whether a control signal is sent to the holding electromagnet 33,
The retraction stroke ends in the engaged position, visible in FIG. 26, or in the released position, visible in FIG. 28.

In the embodiments described on the basis of FIGS. 26 to 31, as in the embodiments according to FIGS. 9 to 17 and 21 to 25, there is a A second coupling position can be provided, and the auxiliary control means described on the basis of this embodiment can then be used.

Finally, the needle selection method according to the invention can also be applied by first bringing the connecting element during the retraction stroke into a connecting position which results in the ejection of the knitting needles into the tuck position, and then moving the connecting element from this connecting position according to the pattern. It is also conceivable to configure it so that it can be conveyed into a released position or into another coupled position.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and can be modified in various ways.

In order to hold the various coupling elements in the desired position, the holding electromagnet 33 and the control spring 34 can be replaced by other, e.g. electric, magnetic, pneumatic, hydraulic, in particular mechanical devices, e.g. latches. I can do it.

This is shown in FIGS. 19 to 25.

The link connection between the knitting needle 5 and the connecting element can be replaced by other elements, in particular thin spring elements.

The embodiment according to FIG. 21 can be modified in such a way that the projection of the control spring is tensioned when it rests against the step of the two-pronged guide and rests against the holding electromagnet 33 by means of the overhang of the two-pronged guide.

Also, the two-pronged guide need not be in the extension of the needle shaft, but can be arranged offset with respect to this and interact with the curved overhang of the rod 115.

As a connecting element in the embodiment according to FIGS. 9 to 16,
By using a rod coupled with a knitting needle and placing this rod on the side of the free end of the arms 14, 15, FIGS.
The embodiment according to the figures and the embodiment according to FIGS. 19 and 20 are combined.

Instead of only one control spring 34 interacting with step 96, crossbars 101 and 102 or step 129, two control springs can be provided which are controlled by two holding electromagnets 33.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 19, the butt 117 comprises one step, and on the other hand, tack needle selection is made possible by providing the extension of the rod 115 with another step at the lower end of the butt 117, which interacts with the control spring 34. can do.

Finally, in the area of the free ends of the arms 14, 15 of the drive element 12 it is arranged similarly to the rod 110 in FIG. 18 or the rod 115 in FIG. can be swiveled around a fixed center of gravity in the plane of the cam plate, without having to swivel around a fixed center of gravity in the plane of the cam plate, one swinging arm being interfered with by the cam plate 10 or the holding electromagnet, and the other swinging arm relative to the swing provided on the knitting needle. A connecting element can be provided which acts on a free or flexible element.

The steps 95 or 128 that are evident in FIGS. 9 to 17 or 21 to 25 are not drive elements 12;
It can be provided on the knitting needles 5.

The embodiment of FIG. 31 is also based on the fact that it is suitable to use the cam plate 10 both for the generation of the pushing and retracting strokes and also for the displacement of the coupling element in a predetermined direction. It had become.

However, for the above two modes of movement, it is not practical to use two different cam plates with synchronized movements, one producing only the pushing and retracting strokes, and the other only producing the displacement or pivoting of the connecting element. within the scope of the invention.

Alternatively, the pivoting of the connecting elements may be effected by magnetic or electrical means, or by means of a handle wheel rolling over the connecting elements, or by cams or similar elements that move from connecting element to connecting element in the manner of a stitch former. I can do it.

A permanent magnet can be used as the holding electromagnet, with a control coil wound around the pole piece which attracts the control spring.

A control signal is sent to this control coil according to the handle to weaken, compensate or reverse the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, so that the prestressed control spring is no longer held.

If it is felt that it is a disadvantage that all the needles are not knitted in the event of a power outage (e.g. the embodiment according to FIGS. 18 to 20), the holding electromagnet can be constructed as a pure electromagnet, and the control spring can be attached to the pole face according to the handle. A control signal is sent only when deposition is desired.

Instead of a holding electromagnet/control spring combination, active elements which themselves deform can be used, such as piezoelectric bending elements, magnetostrictive bending elements or voltage bimetallic elements.

The holding electromagnet moves in accordance with the undulating translational movement of the knitting waves shown in FIG. 1 at different extrusion strokes of the various knitting needles.
The drive must be such that, on the one hand, the holding electromagnets are driven sequentially within one system, i.e. within one wave, and on the other hand, the holding electromagnets of all knitting needles of the same phase are driven simultaneously. .

As a result, in simple needle selection (knitted and unknitted), as many control signals are required per cycle as there are waves,
Double selection (form, tuck and unform) requires twice as many control signals.

Information processing may be performed as follows.

In other words, in the case of simple needle selection, a number of control channels corresponding to the number of stitches per system are provided, each nth signal acts on the nth knitting needle of each system, and each control channel is fixed to, for example, a drive shaft. It is sequentially driven by a code disk.

Driving another set of control channels for the tack can be done by a separate code disk.

This code disc is moved over the first code disc by the angle of rotation necessary for locking the projection provided on the control spring according to FIG. 9 or FIG. (.

When carrying out mechanical needle selection, the control information can be stored in an information track of an information carrier, for example in the form of a cam.

The cams can be provided with different phase relationships or different heights, or placed on different information tracks, to distinguish between formation, tuck and non-formation.

Combinations of these features are also possible. The present invention uses a circular knitting machine instead of a flat knitting machine (for example, West German Publication No. 1008438
) or other knitting machines, for example sock knitting machines.

The purpose, structure, and effects of the present invention are as described above,
Its features are summarized as follows: (1) It has at least one needle bed, at least one knitting needle is loosely placed in the groove, and each knitting needle has an extrusion stroke and a retraction stroke. an eccentric cam plate, a drive part driven by the eccentric cam plate and having at least one extrusion part and one retraction part, and a Q-coupling element for a transmission connection between the knitting needle and the drive element. , a control device is assigned that can control the connecting element according to the handle into at least one connecting position and a releasing position for connecting the knitting needles and the driving element, and the cam plate is arranged on the rotatable driving shaft in an angular position. In knitting machines arranged in a staggered manner, the drive element 12 is always connected in a transmission manner with the cam plate 10 in the direction of the extrusion stroke and the retraction stroke.
The driving element 12 and the cam plate 10 are configured, and the retracting portion 24,
113, 118 connect the connecting elements 16, 11 during the retraction stroke.
Regardless of the instantaneous position of 0,115, the retraction of the knitting needles 5 connected with the extrusion parts 25, 95, 109, 14, 128 in the previous extrusion stroke is carried out, and all the connecting elements 1
6, 110, 115 are carried during the period between each two extrusion strokes of the cam plate 10 first into one of two predetermined positions and then from this position according to the handle into the other predetermined position. knitting machine.

(2) All connecting elements 16, 110, 115 can be controlled in two successive positions and one release position, corresponding to the knitting position on the one hand and the tacking position on the other hand, and in each case two extrusion strokes of the cam plate 10; 2. A knitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that during the period between, it is carried first into one of said three positions and then from this position according to the handle into one of the other two positions.

(3) The knitting machine according to item 1 or 2, wherein the cam plate 10 has the same thickness at every corner position in the direction of the extrusion stroke and the retraction stroke.

(4) The drive element 12 has two arms 14, 15 which are spaced apart in the direction of the push-out stroke and the pull-in stroke, and which are located at opposite sides of the cam plate 10 at every angular position of the drive shaft 7. 3. The knitting machine according to claim 3, wherein the knitting machine is in contact with the knitting machine.

(5) Connecting element 16,110°1 to one of the predetermined positions
Knitting machine according to one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the movement of 15 is controlled by the action of a cam plate 100 on the connecting element 16, 110° 115.

(6) Connecting rod 1 to which the driving element 12 connects the arms 14 and 15
6, and the connecting rod 16 passes through a fixed sliding bearing 107 arranged parallel to the direction of the extrusion stroke and the retraction stroke. knitting machine.

(7) The knitting machine according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein the connecting element is a rod 110 that is swingably connected to the drive element 12.

(8) The knitting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the rod 110 has an extrusion part 142 that interacts with the extrusion means 28, 145 of the knitting needles 5.

(9) A rod 110 is supported on an extension configured as a swivel bearing 109 of one arm 14 of the drive element 12 and the cam plate 1
9. The knitting machine according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the knitting machine is swung into one predetermined position in each of two extrusion strokes by 0 and rotated from this position back to one of another predetermined position. .

αω Transmission spring 14 from cam plate 10 to lever 110
10. The knitting machine according to claim 9, characterized in that the knitting machine is knitted via 7.

0υ A rod 115 in which a connecting element is swingably connected to a knitting needle
The knitting machine according to any one of items 1 to 6, characterized in that:

12. Knitting machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the rod 115 of a has extrusion means 117 that interact with the extrusion part 14.

Note α: The rod 115 is arranged on the drive element 12 in such a way that it can be swung into a release position after the completion of each extrusion stroke by the cam plate 10, in which the extrusion means 117 are moved out of the action range of the extrusion part 140. 13. A knitting machine as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that the knitting machine is located in a cylindrical position and is rotated back according to the handle into one of the connecting positions before the start of the next extrusion stroke.

(14) The knitting needle 5 is at the retracted portion 24, 113, 118°14
13. Knitting machine according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it has retraction means 29, 146 interacting with the knitting machine 3.

Knitting machine according to one of clauses 11 to 13, characterized in that the αω rod 115 has a retraction means 136 that interacts with the retraction part 118.

α6) Extrusion part 25.14 and retraction part 24, 11311
The distance between the extrusion means 28, 117 and the retraction means 29 is 8.
.

(L7) Rod 11o, iis is spring 11L119°126
Items 7 to 16 characterized in that the control device 33 is preloaded in one direction of a predetermined position by the control device 33 and held in at least one of the predetermined positions (at least in another one) by the control device 33 against a spring force.
The knitting machine described in paragraph 1.

α8) Two-pronged guide 12 in which the free end of the rod is rotatably supported
18. The knitting machine according to one of clauses 11 to 17, characterized in that the knitting machine is supported so as to be vertically displaceable in the knitting machine 3.

(19) The knitting machine according to item 18, wherein the spring 126 is in contact with the two-pronged guide.

(20) The extrusion means or extrusion part has a step, one part of which controls the extrusion to the knitting height of the knitting needle 5, and another part of which controls the extrusion to the knitting height of the knitting needle 5.
10. The knitting machine according to claim 7, wherein the knitting machine performs extrusion to a tack height of .

(21) Item 12, characterized in that the extrusion means has steps, one part of which performs extrusion to the knitting height of the knitting needles 5, and another part of which performs extrusion to the tuck height of the knitting needles 5. or the 19th
The knitting machine described in paragraph 1.

(2) The extrusion section has a step 128, a part of which performs extrusion to the knitting height of the knitting needles 5, and another part of which performs extrusion to the tuck height of the knitting needles 5. term or first
The knitting machine described in Section 9-1.

(23) Clause 20 or 20, characterized in that the rod 115 is controlled in two coupling positions according to the handle, so that the knitting needles 5 are selectively coupled with the drive element 12 via one of the two parts of the step 128 The knitting machine according to paragraph 1 of paragraph 22.

04) The knitting machine according to any one of items 1 to 23, characterized in that the control device includes a controllable holding electromagnet 33.

25. The knitting machine according to claim 24, characterized in that the rod 115 contacts the holding electromagnet 33 in the released position.

(26) The knitting machine according to item 24, wherein the two-pronged guide 123 is in contact with the holding electromagnet 33 when the rod 115 is in the released state.

0'7) The control device has a control spring 34 which rests against the holding electromagnet 33 with elastic deflection, when the control spring 34 contacts the holding electromagnet 33 the rod 115 is swung into one coupling position, and on the other hand; 26. The knitting machine according to claim 25, wherein the knitting machine stops at the release position when released according to the handle by the holding electromagnet 33.

(28) The control spring 34 holds the electromagnet 3 during the extrusion stroke.
28. The knitting machine according to claim 27, characterized in that the knitting machine is connected to the drive element 12 so as to abut on the drive element 12.

The control spring 34 connects the protrusion 131, and the two-pronged guide 123 connects the two
a step 129 having two sections, which pivots the rod 115 into the connected position when the control spring 34 abuts the holding electromagnet 33;
When released according to the handle by the holding electromagnet 34, its protrusion 131 abuts one or the other part of the step 129,
29. A knitting machine according to claim 26 or 28, characterized in that the rod 115 is thus stopped in the release position or the other connected position according to the handle.

(30) The knitting machine according to any one of items 1 to 5, wherein the connecting element is a component 16 rigidly connected to the drive element 12.

(31) The drive element 12 consists of a fork with two arms 14.15 and a connecting rod 16 forming a connecting element, the latter being preloaded in the direction of the cam plate 10 by the force of a spring 20, by which the retraction stroke 31. The knitting machine according to claim 30, characterized in that the gap is displaced to the release position in a direction different from the direction of the stroke, and returned to the connected position according to the handle by a lever spring 20.

(32) Item 30 or Item 31, characterized in that there is provided a shaft 18 rigidly connected to the drive element 12, the free end of which is supported by fixed free rotation bearings 21 and 22. knitting machine.

(To) A third feature in which the drive element 12 is supported by a spring 23 fixed to the machine so as to be freely movable and rotatable.
The knitting machine according to item 0 or item 31.

(34) Item 30 to 32, characterized in that the knitting needles 5 have retraction means 29, which are brought into engagement with the retraction portion 24 of the drive element 12 at every position of the connecting rod 16. Knitting machine 6G5) Knitting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the retraction means 29 is the upper edge of the butt, which upper edge overlaps the lower edge of the protrusion provided on the drive element 12 at every position of the connecting rod 16. machine.

(36) Thirtieth embodiment, characterized in that the knitting needles 5 have extrusion means 28 that interact with the extrusion part 25 of the drive element 12
The knitting machine according to paragraph 1 of paragraphs to 35.

C37) Knitting machine according to claim 36, characterized in that the extrusion means 28 are the lower edge of the butt, which lower edge overlaps the upper edge of the projection provided on the drive element 12 according to the position of the connecting rod 16.

□□□ The driving element 12 has a step 95, a part of which serves to push the knitting needles 5 to the knitting height, and another part to push the knitting needles 5 to the tuck height. The knitting machine according to paragraph 37.

(39) The extrusion means has a step, and a part of this step is the knitting needle 5
39. The knitting machine according to item 38, wherein the knitting machine performs extrusion to the knitting height of the knitting needle 5, and the other part performs extrusion to the tank height of the knitting needle 5.

(40) A third, characterized in that the connecting rod 16 is moved according to the pattern into two connecting positions, selectively connecting the knitting needle 5 with the drive element 12 by one of the two sections 950;
The knitting machine according to item 6 or item 39.

(The control device 40 includes a controllable holding electromagnet 33 and a control spring 34 that comes into contact with the electromagnet to form an elastic connection. When the control spring 34 comes into contact with the holding electromagnet 33, the connecting rod 16 is rotated to the connected position. , on the other hand, the knitting machine according to any one of items 30 to 40, characterized in that when released according to the handle by the holding electromagnet 33, the knitting machine stops at the released position.

(42) The knitting machine according to item 40, wherein a projection 36 is provided on the shaft 18, and the control spring 34 comes into contact with the holding electromagnet 33 during the extrusion stroke.

(4 薊 The control spring 34 touches the protrusion 97, and the shaft 18
It has a step 96 with two parts, which pivots the connecting rod 16 into one connected position when the control spring 34 abuts the holding electromagnet 33 and when released according to the handle by the holding electromagnet 33.
43. Knitting machine according to claim 41 or 42, characterized in that its projection abuts one or the other of the steps 96, so that the connecting rod 16 is stopped in the release position or the other connected position according to the handle.

(44) The knitting machine according to any one of items 32 to 43, wherein the spring 20 abuts the outer free end of the shaft 18.

(4 drive elements 1 with shafts 18 facing arms 14, 15)
The knitting machine according to any one of items 32 to 44, characterized in that the knitting machine is fixed to the side of the item 20.

(46) Conical two bearings 99 facing each other
Knitting machine according to one of clauses 32 to 45, characterized in that it has two bearing points between which the shaft 18 is supported.

(47) The knitting machine according to any one of items 32 to 45, wherein the idle rotation bearing comprises a shaft 22 projecting into an elongated hole.

(481) The knitting machine according to one of clauses 32 to 47, characterized in that the free rotation bearings 21, 22 are arranged outside the axis of the knitting needle 5 or an extension thereof.

(49) The knitting machine according to any one of items 32 to 47, characterized in that the floating rotation bearing 99 is arranged approximately in the extension of the shaft of the knitting needle 5.

60) The knitting machine according to any one of items 1 to 49, characterized in that a separating plate 77 configured as an auxiliary bearing for the drive shaft 7 is provided between at least two cam plates 10. .

(51) Two partition plates 77 are arranged between each of the cam plates 100, surround the drive shaft 7 from opposite sides, and are fixed to a fixed part of the machine. The knitting machine according to paragraph 50.

(6) Item 1, characterized in that one perfectly circular partition plate 80 is fitted onto the drive shaft 7 between at least two cam plates 100, and the outer periphery of the partition plate is held by a fixed bearing. to the knitting machine according to item 1 of item 49.

63) The knitting machine according to item 52, wherein the bearing comprises a bearing plate 81.

(54) Item 52 or 53, characterized in that the envelope circle diameter of the partition plate 80 is larger than the envelope circle diameter of the cam plate 10.
The knitting machine described in section.

6!5) The organization according to item 54, characterized in that a separating plate 80 is disposed between all the cam plates 100, and the enveloping circle diameter of the separating plate 80 is larger than the maximum enveloping circle diameter of all the cam plates 10. machine.

(56) The knitting machine according to item 55, characterized in that the bearing is configured as a plain bearing extending over the entire width of the machine.

(57) The knitting machine according to item 55, characterized in that the bearings consist of at least three rolling bearings 82 extending over the entire width of the machine, and the bearings roll at different locations on the outer periphery of the separating plate 80.

68) A plurality of sleeves 83 are supported on the drive shaft T so as to be non-rotatable but freely displaceable in the axial direction, and a clearance is provided between the contact points of these sleeves, and the cam plate 10 and 58. The knitting machine according to one of items 1 to 57, characterized in that the partition plate 80 is fixed on the sleeve in a non-rotatable and axially non-displaceable manner.

(59) A notch 85 is provided in the adjacent end of the sleeve 83 to accommodate the bearing, and the two parts of the bearing are fixed to a stationary part of the machine by a support rod 89 projecting through the clearance. 59. The knitting machine according to item 58.

(60) The knitting machine according to item 58 or 59, wherein the drive element 12 is supported by an auxiliary fixed guide of the needle bed 3.

60 can move along the needle bed at knitting speed;
At least one stitch forming section 40 arranged at the height of the knitting needles 50 is provided, which stitch forming section 40 begins at the maximum retraction depth at which the drive element 12 occurs and is connected to the stitch forming section 40 and the drive. The movement of the shaft 7 is synchronized and the drive element 1
In order to provide an auxiliary retraction immediately after the retraction in which 2 occurs,
61. The knitting machine according to one of items 1 to 60, characterized in that the stitch forming element 40 acts on the butt 39 of the knitting needle 5.

The distance between the extrusion means 28 of the rod and the retraction section 24 of the drive element 12 is the same as that between the extrusion means 28 of the knitting needle 5 and the retraction means 290
The knitting machine according to any one of items 7 to 61, wherein the distance is greater than the distance by a value equivalent to the auxiliary retraction depth.

Item 11 or 12, characterized in that the distance between the extrusion part and the retraction part 24 of the driving element 12 is larger than the distance between the extrusion means 28 and the retraction means 29 of the knitting needle 5 by a value equivalent to the auxiliary retraction depth. The knitting machine according to paragraph 1 of paragraph 61.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a knitting machine according to the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the needle bed of the knitting machine shown in FIG. 9 to 16 are schematic illustrations of the various movement stages of the drive and selection system of the knitting needles; FIGS. 17 to 20 are schematic illustrations of four further embodiments of the drive and selection system; FIGS. , FIGS. 21 to 25 are schematic illustrations of the various movement stages of another embodiment of the drive and selection system, and FIGS. 26 and 27 to 31 are two further embodiments of the drive and selection system. Example schematic diagram, No. 32
The figure shows a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the bearing arrangement for the drive elements of the drive and selection system of FIGS. 9 to 16.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. It has at least one needle bed, at least one knitting needle is loosely disposed in the groove thereof, and one knitting needle is provided to cause each knitting needle to have an extrusion stroke and a retraction stroke. an eccentric cam plate; a drive unit driven by the eccentric cam plate and having at least one extrusion portion and one retraction portion; a connecting element for transmission coupling of the knitting needle and the driving element; , a control device capable of controlling at least one connecting position and a releasing position connecting the knitting needle and the drive element is assigned, and the cam plate is arranged on a rotatable drive shaft with an angular offset. In such a knitting machine, the drive element 12 and the cam plate 10 are configured such that the drive element 12 is always in a transmission connection with the cam plate 10 in the direction of the extrusion stroke and the retraction stroke, and the retraction portion 24° 113,118 is Regardless of the instantaneous position of the connecting element 16° 110.115 during the retraction stroke, the extrusion parts 25, 95, 109° 14.
128 and all connecting elements 16, 110, 115 are first in one of two predetermined positions and then in the period between each two extrusion strokes of the cam plate 10. A knitting machine characterized in that the knitting machine is carried from this position to another predetermined position according to the pattern. 2. All coupling elements 16, 110, 115 can be controlled in two coupling positions and one release position, corresponding to the knitting position on the one hand and the tacking position on the other hand, for each of the two extrusion strokes of the cam plate 10. 2. A knitting machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, during an intervening period, it is carried first into one of said three positions and then from this position according to the handle into one of the other two positions. 3. The knitting machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cam plate 10 has the same thickness at every corner position in the direction of the extrusion stroke and the retraction stroke. 4. The drive element 12 has two arms 14, 15 which are spaced apart in the direction of the extrusion stroke and the retraction stroke and which contact opposite sides of the cam plate 10 at every angular position of the drive shaft 7. A knitting machine according to claim 3 characterized by: 5 Connecting element 16,110°11 to one of the predetermined positions
Knitting machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the movement of 5 is controlled by the action of a cam plate 10 on the connecting elements 16, 110° 115. 6 connecting rod 16 with which the drive element 12 connects the arms 14, 15;
Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the connecting rod 16 is passed through a fixed sliding bearing 107 arranged parallel to the direction of the pushing stroke and the retracting stroke. The knitting machine described in section. 7 Component 16 in which the connecting element is rigidly connected to the drive element 12
A knitting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: 8. The drive element 12 consists of a fork with two arms 14, 15 and a connecting rod 16 forming a connecting element, the latter having a spring 20.
is preloaded by a force in the direction of the cam plate 10, is displaced by this spring in a direction different from the stroke direction during the retraction stroke into the release position, and is returned to the connected position by the lever spring 20 according to the handle. A knitting machine according to claim 7. 9. The device according to claim 1, wherein a partition plate 77 configured as an auxiliary bearing for the drive shaft 7 is provided between at least two cam plates 100. knitting machine. 10. Claims characterized in that one perfectly circular partition plate 80 is fitted on the drive shaft T between at least two cam plates 100, and the outer periphery of the partition plate is held by a fixed bearing. The knitting machine according to item 1 of items 1 to 8. 11 A plurality of sleeves 83 are supported on the drive shaft IQ so as to be non-rotatable but displaceable in the axial direction, and a play space is provided between the contact points of these sleeves, and the cam plate 10 and the partition plate 80 cannot rotate on threes,
The knitting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the knitting machine is fixed so as not to be displaceable in the axial direction.