JPS58500420A - fuel combustion equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] fuel combustion equipment [I]” This invention relates generally to fuel combustion devices, and more particularly to wet combustion devices in which the fuel is pulverized coal. It is related to the device. In the combustion and gasification of coal, non-flammable ash and mineral components It is not possible to leave the fuel as it accumulates in the combustion chamber, which will cause serious operational problems. This is because that. In the case of wet combustion equipment, the shear force and/or gravity acting on the slag The temperature in the combustion chamber is maintained high enough so that the action removes the slag in liquid form. I'm here. This slag capacity is due to the movement of downstream equipment that interacts with the flow of combustion main products. It also benefits the crops.

Wet type/combustion devices are Although various requirements (e.g. total stoichiometry) are imposed, these Regardless of the specific requirements, an ideal wet combustion system should have good slag recovery. It must also be possible to minimize heat loss and maximize efficiency. It must operate at relatively low temperatures to keep the dog warm.

The extent of coal combustion in wet combustion equipment depends on the intended use of the combustion gases. It is decided to some extent. For example, as a fuel in regular power plants or When using combustion equipment to produce gases for use in chemical processes, The gases coming out of the combustion chamber must still be rich in combustibles. . Therefore, when using coal combustion equipment as a gas generator, the combustion process cess must be conducted in a relatively fuel-sufficient environment. stoichiometric test Is the gas d? 2, or in a chemical process. When used as a feedstock, the stoichiometric ratio should be as low as 0.3. is desirable. When the gas is used directly in a combustion process, i.e. a heat conversion process, , the gas can be supplied at a higher temperature but with a lower equivalent heat content in the gas combustible material. is desirable. This allows coal to be burned more completely in wet combustion equipment, i.e. more This can be done by burning at high stoichiometry.

As another example, if the product gas is used in a magnetorheological (MHD) generator, wet The desired stoichiometry of the combustion device may vary considerably. MHD generator uses magnetic field Directly generate electricity without using rotating machinery by using high-temperature, high-speed plasma that passes through the Ru. For such applications, the gas products from the wet combustion stage have a low combustibles content. The lower the temperature, the higher the heat content. Combustion products/materials are wet combustion After leaving the equipment, further combustion may occur.

For this purpose, additional oxidizer and sometimes additional fuel are added to the exiting gas. There is. The end use of the combustion products and the implications this places on the combustion equipment. Regardless of the requirements, the ideal wet combustion equipment has good slag recovery performance, It must have a relatively low operating temperature.

In any application of coal combustion equipment, the desired chemistry of the combustion process is theoretically Depends on downstream application requirements. Also, acceptable combustion equipment operation and The properties of the combustion products depend on the temperature and composition of the oxidizing gas and the size and shape of the coal particles. Determined by the formula. Several suitable programs are available to meet downstream application requirements. If a meter is selected, the actual design usually involves a number of trade-offs. . For example, preheating the oxidizing gas to a higher temperature and thereby reducing the Reacting at stoichiometric ratios still meets the requirements of downstream applications. I can do it. However, the preheating stage requires a lot of energy consumption, or the heat exchange It is clear that additional equipment is needed. The first alternative is the total energy of the application The requirements may or may not match. Also, the second Alternatives may not be feasible.

Furthermore, proper selection of stoichiometry in wet combustion equipment is important for slag recovery. However, it is extremely important.

If this ratio is 1 or less, the temperature tends to be low and the slag will not liquefy sufficiently. There are times when collection is not possible. Conversely, if this ratio is too large, the temperature will be high. This can result in a large amount of slag being lost to evaporation. In theory, at least , the effective slag/g range is considered to be between 0 g and 0 for the entire combustion device (l). I've been exposed to it. However, the chemical quantities required to meet the requirements of downstream applications The theoretical ratio may not fall within this theoretical slugging range. For example, combustion equipment When used as a gas generator, a stoichiometric ratio of about 0.3 is preferable.

In any case, this general-purpose coal burner ideally has a total stoichiometry of the burner. The ratio and other characteristics of wet combustion equipment to match the requirements of the downstream application of the combustion equipment. It will be appreciated that it must be possible to

In addition, wet combustion equipment has a high slag recovery rate, relatively low heat loss and high thermal efficiency. must have a rate.

Moreover, fuel utilization must be complete, i.e. unburned carbon Do not come out of the device.

With conventional combustion devices, it has been impossible to meet all of the above goals at the same time.

For example, for ordinary combustion equipment, good slag recovery is dependent on relatively low temperatures and It is incompatible with a low stoichiometric ratio.

...-U.S. Patent No. 11,2/7, issued to George et al. /3.2 is fuel particles oxidizing gas so that the fuel particles are completely combusted before they hit the walls of the combustion chamber. A way to solve the above problems by combining axial flow and tangential flow. proposing a law. Although this method is satisfactory in many respects, Insufficient efforts are being made to address specific issues. At least in some respects, The patent of George et al. describes a continuous/matrix motor with an axial velocity component from the head end to the exit end. This is typical of traditional coal combustion methods where oxidizing gas flows through the turns. Based on this principle Combustion equipment operated with It does not combine high performance, low heat loss and complete combustion of carbon.

Therefore, it is possible to obtain high thermodynamic efficiency and acceptably high slag removal rates. and can meet the thermodynamic requirements of the downstream process or application. A highly efficient coal-burning device is being developed. This invention satisfies this need.

Summary of the invention This invention has a head end and an outlet end, and at least a portion of the oxidizing gas is emitted. The oxidizing gas is injected so that it flows from the mouth end to the head end. Coal is injected into the oxidizing gas flowing toward the head, and primary combustion occurs at the head end. This is a wet coal combustion equipment. This next combustion is more likely than that of the entire combustion device. can be carried out with smaller stoichiometry, This invention was conceived to solve problems that occur in coal combustion equipment, but , it can be similarly utilized in other fuel combustion devices. The essential elements of an invention are , roughly speaking, the oxidizing gas should be set so that a portion of the flow flows toward the end of the head. means for injecting gas and this oxidizing gas so that primary combustion occurs at the end of the head; This is a means of injecting fuel into the space.

Basically, generally speaking, this invention in the form of a pulverized coal combustion device - a combustion chamber having a head end and an outlet end; means for injecting pulverized coal into the head end; a combustion chamber; A means of injecting oxidizing gas from the surroundings into the combustion chamber, and removing nonflammable slag from the combustion chamber. and means disposed at the outlet end for exiting the essentially gaseous combustion products. , consists of. The most important thing is that at least a portion of the oxidizing gas It flows towards the head end of the combustion chamber where it reacts with the coal fuel and primary combustion occurs. First, the oxidizing gas injection means and the pulverized coal injection means are constructed. Departure In certain embodiments, the gases produced by subsequent combustion are It burns further and flows towards the outlet end of the combustion chamber. In this example, the header The stoichiometric ratio of the primary combustion at the end of the combustion chamber is the total stoichiometric ratio of the entire combustion device. For example, in some designs it can be as low as 0.3. . In contrast to generally accepted practice for effective slag removal, this low Very good slag removal properties can be obtained within a range of high stoichiometric ratios.

When used to supply high temperature gas to an MHD generator, the combustion device of this invention: Slag recovery at the head end and outlet gas that meets the requirements of MHD generators The total stoichiometry is determined to give the best combination of conditions.

In this preferred embodiment, approximately 0. The total stoichiometry of B is used and the head end is The stoichiometric ratio at is approximately 0.3.

When the oxidizing gas is injected tangentially into the combustion chamber, it bifurcates into two streams. one The flow has an axial velocity component towards the outlet end of the combustion chamber, and the other flow towards the head end. fuel is injected into the latter stream. implementation with invention In the example case, the volumetric flow rates of the two streams are equal. The fuel initially has a relatively small volume The primary combustion at the head end of the combustion chamber is , carried out at relatively low stoichiometry. Correspondingly, the reaction temperature is low; Since heat loss is reduced at 100°C, relatively high efficiency can be obtained. However, these conditions Slag can be removed very effectively even when Simply put, this wet combustion stage It is mechanically efficient and has excellent slag recovery. - unburned material from the next combustion The burn gas then reacts with the remaining portion of the oxidizing gas, the exit end stream. this Secondary combustion takes place at a higher stoichiometry. For example, 'F: flow of combustion equipment If the application on the side is an MHD generator, the total stoichiometric ratio is about 06-0.9K, and The head end stoichiometry can be between 0.3 and 0.11-3. At the exit end Because of the relatively high temperatures, it is possible to It can be relatively short. As a result, heat loss from the combustion chamber is reduced and the combustion equipment The overall thermodynamic efficiency of the plant is improved.

When using the combustion device as a gas generator, drain all of the oxidizing gas into the combustion chamber. The flow rate of the oxidizing gas is adjusted to obtain a predetermined stoichiometric ratio. This allows the combustor to operate at a relatively low total stoichiometry. Wear. In this case, there is still no effective slagging at the head end of the combustion chamber. However, since the oxidizing gas is not directed directly toward the exit end, a high total stoichiometry is achieved. No secondary combustion occurs to obtain the ratio. Therefore, in this example, the combustion equipment The total stoichiometry of the entire device is the same as the local stoichiometry of combustion at the head end. be.

The coal injection for the primary combustion/burning is arranged axially at the head end. When the fuel flow is directed towards the part of the oxidizing gas flowing towards the bottle nozzle, Therefore, it can be done. Instead, it is placed around the combustion chamber and directs the oxidizing gas flow. Inject fuel through multiple fuel inlets that direct fuel flow toward the end of the rod. can be done.

There are two possible combustion chamber configurations: horizontal and upright. In the case of horizontal configuration, there is no spark from the combustion chamber. The means for removing the lag is a slug port located at the bottom of the cylindrical wall of the combustion chamber.

For upright configurations, the head end of the combustion chamber is the lowest point and the outlet end is the highest point. It is in. The slug port is located at the end of the head.

As for new methods, this invention is at least part of the flow. Oxidation from the surroundings flows into the combustion chamber, which has a head end and an outlet end, so that the regardless of the final use of the gaseous combustion products, or Regardless of the total stoichiometry of the combustion device, the Injecting fuel, such as pulverized coal, into the head end so that subsequent combustion can occur, the combustion chamber the removal of non-combustible slag from the combustion of essentially gaseous combustion products; It consists of various actions such as making the person leave the room. More details The step for injecting the oxidizing gas and the step for adding pulverized coal are the steps for injecting the oxidizing gas. The converting gas flow is split into two equal parts with opposite axial components. Inject the oxidizing gas tangentially into the combustion chamber at the point of the head end and outlet end section of the combustion chamber. pulverized coal is injected into the part of the oxidizing gas flowing toward the head end. - The subsequent combustion consists of the total stoichiometric ratio in the combustion device Occurs at the head end at half stoichiometry. Another fruit used as a gas generator In the example, almost all of the oxidizing gas flow is directed toward the head end; The stoichiometric ratio of parts is almost the same as in the example not used as a gas generator. be.

In summary, this invention represents an important advance in the field of coal combustion and gasification. It is understood that there is. In detail, the new coal combustion equipment has a good slag High thermal efficiency, low heat loss, and complete combustion of carbon while achieving high removal rates. It will be done. Furthermore, the combustion device of the present invention has thermodynamic characteristics and a predetermined lower door side It can be well adapted to that of Other features and advantages of this invention are It will become clear from the following detailed description of the accompanying drawings.

Brief description of the drawing Figure 1 shows a coal combustion system embodying this invention having a wet combustion device and a slag removal device. A simplified perspective view of the apparatus and the exit combustion stage, which is not part of this invention; Schematic diagram of a type combustion device, Figure 3 shows the injection of coal and additives (for MHD and certain other applications) into the combustion chamber. A partial cross-sectional view of the bottle nozzle used for Figure 7 shows a typical flow of fuel, oxidizing gas, and combustion products in a wet combustion device. Schematic diagram showing the flow pattern, Figure 5 shows the tangential oxidizing gas inlet and spiral outlet. A schematic front view showing the form of the first embodiment of the invention, FIG. 3a (see FIG. 5, arrow D) 3a.9″ end view of the embodiment of FIG. S, viewed in five directions; No. 1 has a tangential oxidizing gas inlet, a symmetrical outlet port ↓, and a shortened outlet. a schematic front view of a second embodiment of the invention with an end; FIG. 68 is an end view of the embodiment of FIG. 6, viewed in the direction of arrow Oa in FIG. 4; Figure 7 shows that the sludge tag is located at the head end rather than the outlet end. FIG. 7a is a schematic front view of a third embodiment of the invention similar to the second embodiment of FIG. 6, except that is an end view of the embodiment of FIG. 7, looking in the direction of arrow 7a of FIG. 7; Figures 1 and 2 show recessed spiral inlet, symmetrical exit lohot, and throat end slug. ・Schematic front view of the fourth embodiment of the invention with a tag, Figure Ka is an end view of the embodiment shown in Figure 1, viewed in the direction of arrow ga in Figure g; Figure 7 shows each recessed spiral oxidizing gas inlet, fuel injector and slag tank. The head end has two wet combustion devices, and the two combustion devices are common. In the fifth embodiment of the invention, the abbreviation i[ side view, Figure 70 shows an upright combustion chamber, recessed spiral oxidizing gas inlet, and symmetrical outlet ports. of the invention, with a coal injector on the periphery, and a slug tag on the four parts of the head. A schematic front view of the sixth embodiment, Figure 1 Oa is a plan view of the embodiment in Figure 10, Figure 1 Ob is line 10b-1 in Figure 70. a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 10 along 0b; Figure 1 shows a flow deflector that deflects all of the oxidizing gas flow toward the head end of the combustion chamber. A generator with an upright combustion chamber similar to that shown in Figure 70, except that A schematic front view of the seventh embodiment of Ming, and Figure 1/a is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of Figure 1/a along line //a //a of Figure 1/a. be.

No. 41 Ei and No. 11 Hotan Rui As shown in the drawings for explanation, the present invention basically comprises a pulverized coal combustion device, More specifically, it relates to a wet coal combustion device. For wet coal combustion equipment, Non-combustible ash and mineral components of coal are removed in liquid form, so these components are It does not remain in the gas produced by the combustion device.

Until now, combustion equipment designers have focused on: (i) efficiency in slag removal, low heat loss, high thermodynamics; efficiency, the complete combustion of carbon, and the thermodynamic properties of the combustion equipment by utilizing the products of combustion. Efforts have been made to meet the requirements of downstream Zorothes.

Ideally, for example, a coal-burning unit or a MHD generator could be provided with gas. , or fuel gas for subsequent combustion in gage or other chemical processes. It must also be adaptable to providing high slag recovery rates. and high thermal efficiency must be maintained. Conventional coal combustion equipment traditionally has an outlet end Since the flow of oxidizing gas with an axial component toward the It was not possible to obtain a desirable combination of properties.

According to the invention, the coal combustion device is capable of determining the final use of the gaseous combustion products. and regardless of the total stoichiometry of the combustion equipment, at a relatively low stoichiometry. Cooperative fuel injection so that primary combustion occurs at the head end of the combustion device. It is equipped with an oxidizing gas injection means and an oxidizing gas injection means. Relatively low local area at the end of the head Extremely good slag recovery has been achieved through chemical and stoichiometric ratios, and heat loss has also been reduced. Efficiency is maximized as is minimized. The secondary combustion is, for example, M This can be done selectively to obtain a higher total stoichiometry when used in HD generators. I can do it. For example, when operating a combustion device as a synthesis gas generator, secondary If combustion is stopped, a relatively low total stoichiometry is obtained.

As shown in FIG. 1, the device according to the invention has a tangential oxidizing gas population 12 and an axial direction. This is a wet coal combustion apparatus 10 having a coal population of 14. The vertical axis of the combustion device 10 is horizontal The combustion chamber 16 has a generally cylindrical combustion chamber 16 arranged so that the combustion chamber 16 has a generally cylindrical shape. The combustion chamber 16 an outlet end 18 through which the combustion products exit the chamber and a head end through which pulverized coal fuel is injected. It has a section 20. As in this illustrative form, the outlet end 18 is typically symmetrical. It has an outlet assembly 22, called a type. From Figure 48 and Figure 7a As such, a symmetrical outlet is one in which the exit path followed by the products of combustion is symmetrical to the axis of the combustion device. design, i.e., the exit passageway extends from the center of the exit assembly rather than being tangential or spiral. It is in the form of In addition to the embodiment of FIG. 1, additional It has a separate outlet combustion stage 24 into which oxidizing gas and/or fuel can be injected. ing. This exit combustion stage 24 is an example of a typical environment of a combustion device, and is a wet combustion stage. This is essential to the present invention because the burner still operates satisfactorily without the exit combustion stage. It's not essential.

As best seen in FIG. The liquid slag is passed through the chamber 16 through a slag shade provided at the bottom of the cylindrical wall of the chamber 16. removed. The hoard leads to a slag removal assembly 28.

The details of assembly 28 are not critical to this invention. Whole chamber 16 and oxidation The gas supply 12 passes through the coolant inlet 30 at the top of the cylindrical wall and into the coolant at the bottom. Water or other fluids exiting from the coolant outlets (some of which are shown at 32) and cooled down. By cooling the combustion chamber 6, a solidified layer of slag is formed on the chamber wall. occurs. Is this slag solidification layer corroded by liquid slag and burning fuel particles? It protects the room walls and provides a relatively low conductivity layer of insulation, reducing heat loss from the room. Reduce. In order to firmly adhere the solidified slag to the chamber wall, as shown in Figure 5, A number of upright bins 34 are fixed to the wall so as to be visible. In some embodiments of the invention The pin 34 has a diameter of approx. 4 inches (3.2mm), length is 4 inches (Otsu, +mm), and approximately It is welded to the chamber wall at intervals of 9.2 mm.

The exit combustion stage 24 converts the thermodynamic characteristics of the combustion device into a downstream system such as an MHD generator. used only when necessary to comply with

FIG. 2 schematically shows the basic form of a wet combustion device. The oxidizing gas is It connects to the combustion chamber 16 through a rectangular port provided between the outlet end 20 and the outlet end 18. Injected in a linear direction. The fuel has a large radial velocity component since the coal population is 14. It is distributed along a roughly conical spray. In this preferred embodiment of the invention, the cylinder The central axis of the chamber 16 has a semi-conical angle of 7.4 and approximately 40°. See Figure 7 for details. As shown, the air from the oxidizing gas population 12 contributes to the axial formation of the oxidizing gas flow. In terms of minutes, it branches into two separate paths. Oxidation flowing back toward the head end 20 The part of the fuel gas collides with the fuel from the coal population 14, and at the head end, the fuel is Combustion occurs at a stoichiometry that is approximately half of the total stoichiometry of the entire incinerator. Coal inlet (nozzle) The fuel particles leaving 14 cross the head end and meet the oxidizing gas near the chamber wall. When they meet, they are essentially heated.

If the total stoichiometry is 0.3 g as in the case of an MHD generator, the The stoichiometry of the primary combustion stage is approximately 0. ．． I'll be 29. This MHO power generation site If so, additional oxidizing gas is added at the inlet to the MHD generator (not shown).

The gases from the primary combustion then enter the central region of the head end close to the axis. , then moves along the y-axis near it toward the exit end ]8, where the exit It reacts once more with the remaining part of the oxidizing gas flowing towards the end. This secondary combustion By firing, the total stoichiometry increases, resulting in a predetermined process. As shown in Figure 7, There is a small core flow that flows back through the exit port. If you refer to the figure , it should be noted that only the axial and radial components of the gas flow are illustrated. Must be. This lean flow is achieved by introducing the oxidizing gas tangentially. The resulting rotational flow is superimposed. This rotating flow, or vortex, is the fuel Relatively long time that can carry out particle combustion and form slag This is important because it provides a route. The rotational motion is caused by the interaction between the fuel and the oxidizing gas. It promotes mixing and directs the flowing substances outward toward the wall.

An annular baffle 40 is provided at the exit end 18 of the wet combustion device for all uses. Prevent slag from flowing out beyond the

The liquefied slag generated mainly at the head end 20 is caused by gravity and the adjacent slag. Under the action of shear force between the moving combustion gases, the slag tano f28 flows. For MHD and certain other applications of combustion equipment, the outgoing product gas is In order to increase the electrical conductivity or change the type of exhaust gas to 51, the At point 41, additives can be injected axially along with the coal fuel. flow at a sufficient speed to avoid being caught in the exiting slag and react with the hot exhaust gases. Additive flow is not important to this invention except for injection.

FIG. 3 shows a typical bottle nozzle structure in cross-section. Bintle] 4 is yen It has a cylindrical shape, with one axial passage 42 for the additive, merging at the end 45 of the bottle. two concentric annular passages 43, 44 which serve as coolant passages; 7) a plurality of annular members defining an annular fuel passage 46; Annular fuel passage 4 6 ends with a conical exit &-448 that goes all the way around the bintle. There is. Coal is injected into the conical hole through this outlet (0f-) 48. fuel passage 46 There is another annular cooling passage 49 between the bottle and the outer surface of the bottle.

As shown in Figures J to 1/, the present invention meets the requirements of related downstream applications. It can be used in various embodiments depending on the configuration. First, using the principles of invention The basic form of elongation is shown in Figure 5. A practical example of this: Coal bottle nozzle for injecting coal 4, with tangential inlet 12, slug angle 7° 28, and outlet 22ai ing. In this example and all other examples described, the bintle node In place of the nozzle 14, a plurality of peripheral fuel inlet ports, such as FIGS. Coal can be injected through the port shown at 60 in the figure. Example of Figure 5 The differences between this and the embodiments discussed in FIGS. 1 to J are detailed in FIG. As shown, the outlet 22a is a spiral outlet. In case of spiral outlet, The radius of the mouth assembly increases from a minimum value to a maximum value, and the outlet duct is located at the point of its maximum radius. assembly ((connected tangentially.

This means that the outlet duct is symmetrically coupled to the cylindrical outlet assembly along the -7 radius. 48). The purpose of the two forms of exit is The purpose is to provide the outlet duct with a uniform non-rotation m.

The embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 48 differ from the embodiment of FIG. 5 in two respects. The first is A symmetrical outlet 22b is simple. The second and most important thing is exit 22. b is placed quite close to the inlet, i.e. the length of the slag stage is short. That is what is happening. This shortening is possible because the outlet end 18 of the chamber 16 has a high There is only a warm gas component, and the solid fuel is virtually completely combusted at the head end. Because it is closed, secondary combustion at the outlet end 18 takes place in a relatively short time. This is because that. The embodiment shown in Figure 4 (also has a more compact design, so heat loss is reduced. Less loss, higher efficiency, while still maintaining good slag recovery. There is.

The embodiment of FIGS. 7 and 7a has a slug tap 28c located at the end of the head. As a result, since the oxidizing gas population 12c has been moved to the immediate vicinity of the outlet end 18, 4, except that the combustion at the outlet end takes place in a smaller chamber. This is similar to the example. The coal injector has been extended accordingly and has an inlet 12c. It has been effectively moved towards the exit end. head by repositioning the slug tap. The end volume is correspondingly increased and, like all embodiments, the slug removal function occurs mostly during the primary combustion at the head end. In this way, Heat loss through the slug tap 28c due to the lower temperature in the pad end region There are few. In addition, by arranging the slug tap 28c at the head end 20, , because the head end is at a lower temperature, slag evaporation is necessarily less, As a result, the slag removal function becomes even higher. Moreover, the scratches attached to the wall at the end of the head The lug is tapped by one besig tap by the axial component of the inlet flow into the throat end 20. It should move easily towards Kira.

The forms shown in Figures g and 8 are refined versions of the embodiment shown in Figure 7. be. In detail, the tangential oxidizing gas inlet is commonly referred to as a retracted spiral type. It is replaced by the spiral population 12d. Tangential person even in spiral form ['' The same volume of oxidizing gas can be introduced at the mouth, but the spiral inlet duct is The radial inlet can be made larger than the tangential inlet for a given size cylinder. Therefore, the axial length of the inlet is effectively shortened. In this way, the length of the axis H plane can be shortened. can increase thermal efficiency because it reduces heat loss from eaves burning equipment. . However, what is more important is that the retracted spiral population 12d is shown in detail in Figure 8. is to introduce the oxidizing gas more symmetrically around the walls of the chamber 16. Inside the spiral The oxidizing gas circulating in the opposite axial direction within a confined area close to the tangential inlet Instead of flowing out, it flows fairly uniformly over the edge of the vortex all around the vortex. . In other words, a spiral inlet (introduces the oxidizing gas flow in an angularly limited area) Instead, the oxidizing gas flow is introduced uniformly around the entire circumference of the chamber.

The configuration shown in FIG. 7 has two head ends, one on each side of the central exit area 50. 20.20' is arranged, and the recessed spiral shape shown in the form of Fig. 1, which is a double-ended wet combustion device with two ports 12e; There is a tap 28e and two coal injectors 14,14'. The form shown in Figure 7 The main advantage is that the output end in the configuration of figure g is omitted, which further reduces heat losses. There is no such thing. In the case of the single-end configuration shown in Figure g, most of the heat loss occurs at the exit end. 22a, but in the case of the configuration shown in FIG. By doing so, such heat losses are minimized.

FIG. A plurality of coals arranged around the chamber 16 at a position slightly apart toward the end 20f of the coal. Injector 60 and slug tongue f28 f disposed axially within the head end The operating principle d is the same as the basic form already described. . Coal is injected into a portion of the inlet stream proceeding towards the head end 2Of of the chamber 16, - combustion occurs at a relatively low stoichiometry at the head end. Before the product exits through the symmetrical outlet 22f, secondary combustion occurs at the incinerator outlet. Occurs at the ends.

All of the embodiments described above direct all of the oxidizing gas flow to the hennode end 20 of the combustion device. ℃, modified to operate as a gas generator by providing means for deflecting the gas to can be repaired. For example, FIGS. 1/a and 1/a show that the head end 20 g, and a cylindrical groove located within the oxidizing gas inlet 12g and functioning as a flow deflector. The upright embodiment of FIG. 10 is shown with a nozzle 62. As shown by arrow 64 In addition, the oxidizing gas flow has only an axial component toward the head end. 0 flammable moths The inlet flow is adjusted to provide the required stoichiometry to generate gas. Of course. By this means, the previously mentioned secondary There is no combustion, and the total chemical jI + theoretical ratio of the combustion device is relatively The lower stoichiometric ratio and the same ratio, which results in a degree of The thermodynamic properties of the gas generator are also improved. It can be easily modified to have a flow deflector 62 as shown in Fig. You will understand.

From the above explanation, this invention represents a major advance in the field of coal combustion equipment. You will see that. Specifically, the invention has desirable slag removal properties and Wet combustion operates at a relatively low stoichiometry and therefore has low heat losses and high efficiency Full equipment provided. Moreover, the combustion/dawn system requires an MHD generator or synthetic fuel gas. Easily adapts to meet the requirements of various downstream processes, including can do. Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail for purposes of illustration, It is easy to understand that various corrections can be made without departing from the spirit and scope. Let's go. Therefore, the invention should not be limited except by the scope of the claims. stomach.

Engraving (Uchino (no change) Commissioner of the Patent Office 3 Name to be corrected Relationship to the case: Applicant Name T.R.W. Incoholated 5 Correction Order Date (Size) February 7, 1981 7 Contents of amendment as shown in the attached sheet An engraving of the translation of the drawing (no changes to the content).

Submission of translation of written amendment (Article 184-7, Paragraph 1 of the Patent Act) 57.71.76 Showa year, month, day Mr. Kazuo Sugi, Commissioner of the Patent Office 1 Patent application indication PCT/US82100311, title of invention Fuel combustion device 3 Patent applicant Name: T.R.W. Incorporated 6 List of attached documents (1) One translation of the written amendment Explanation regarding amendments to Article 19 This amendment replaces all of the original claims 1 to 30 with the new claim 3/3. ~It has been replaced with Section 5/. The scope of the new claim is in the form “in…” It has been rewritten as a formula, and includes one essential requirement regarding equipment (paragraph 37) and method. It includes seven essential requirements regarding the law (Article 1).

The scope of the claims 00 Combustion chamber having a head end and an opposite outlet end, said head end In this step, powdered fuel is supplied into the combustion chamber and a high-speed rotating flow is generated in the combustion chamber. Fuel and oxidizing gas inlet means for supplying oxidizing gas into the combustion chamber; an outlet for discharging combustion products from an outlet end of the chamber, a slag bar between said ends; ffle, and said/! 8 Slag Toratsuno for removing slag from the Akatsuki room In the fuel combustion device comprising: the inlet means, a portion of the oxidizing gas enters the combustion chamber; The remaining part of the oxidizing gas flowing toward the head end of the by causing the fuel to flow towards the outlet end of the combustion chamber. a portion of the oxidizing gas is present in the head end of the combustion chamber in a relatively low stoichiometric amount; As a result of reaction pressure and primary combustion at stoichiometric ratio and correspondingly low temperature, it flows in. The slag component of the fuel turns into liquid with minimal evaporation, and the liquid slag is transported far above the combustion chamber walls. The core is separated, removed by the slag and the inflowing oxidizing gas. The remaining portion of the gas reacts with the primary combustion products near the outlet end of the combustion chamber. secondary combustion occurs, resulting in a total R stoichiometry that is considerably higher than the The fuel combustion device as described above.

0 Pit The inlet means is a tangential oxidizing gas inlet between both ends of the combustion chamber. The inflowing oxidizing gas is branched and flows toward the head end of the combustion chamber. a portion of the oxidizing gas flowing toward the combustion chamber outlet end; The flow of a portion of the oxidizing gas is a generally countercurrent relationship to the flow of primary combustion products through the combustion chamber; 38. The fuel combustion device according to claim 37, characterized in that:

Almost all of the oxidizing gas to be added to the C13tiil inlet is transferred to the The fuel according to claim 37 or 32, characterized in that the fuel is directed to the fuel combustion equipment.

(b) Approximately half of the inflowing oxidizing gas flows to the head end, and - the next combustion characterized in that the stoichiometric ratio of is approximately half of the total stoichiometric ratio for said combustion device. The fuel combustion device according to claim 37, claim 1 and claim 32.

(g) The inlet means is actuated to tangentially inject the oxidizing gas into the combustion chamber. Claim 1, characterized in that the spiral oxidizing gas inlet is installed in the 37 or 3.2.

(G) The outlet is axially open through the outlet end of the baking chamber. A fuel combustion device according to claim 37 or 3.2.

0η The outlet is a spiral outlet that opens tangentially from the outlet end of the combustion chamber. The fuel combustion device according to claim 37 or 32, characterized in that:

(2) The outlet is characterized by opening laterally from the outlet end of the combustion chamber. The fuel combustion device according to claim 37 or 32.

- The oxidizing gas inlet is installed closer to the head end than the panful. , wherein the slug truck is located near the baffle. A fuel combustion device according to claim 3.2.

@1 The oxidizing gas inlet is installed between the end of the head and the gunofle. and the slug trap is located near the baffle. Claim 3. ? The fuel combustion device described in Section 1.

01) The oxidizing gas inlet is located closer to the baffle than the head end of the combustion chamber. and the slag trap is located near the head end of the combustion chamber. 33. The fuel combustion device according to claim 32, characterized in that:

0. Additionally, there is an outlet which is open to the outlet end of the first-mentioned combustion chamber. a second combustion chamber having a mouth end and an opposite head end; said second combustion chamber; A fuel containing powdered carbon is supplied to the head end of the head, and a high-speed rotational flow is generated inside. a second fuel and oxidizing gas inlet means for supplying oxidizing gas to the second combustion chamber; , the combustion products from the outlet end of the second combustion chamber? D exit for discharging, and before a slag trap for removing slag from the second combustion chamber; A second combustion chamber inlet means directs a portion of the oxidizing gas to the head end of the second combustion chamber. and the remaining part of the inflowing oxidizing gas is directed to the second combustion chamber. One of the oxidizing gases is caused to flow toward the outlet end of the baking chamber. part and the incoming fuel have a relatively low chemical content within said hennodic end of the second combustion chamber. As a result of the reaction at low temperatures corresponding to the stoichiometric ratio and the The fuel D slag component becomes liquid with minimal evaporation, and the liquid slag is deposited on the combustion chamber wall. For oxidation that is centrifuged, removed by the slag trap, and enters The remaining portion of the gas is present in the outlet end of the second combustion chamber and contains the following combustion products: The stoichiometric ratio of The fuel according to claim 3/3, characterized in that a higher total stoichiometry can be obtained. Combustion device.

03 The combustion chamber is vertical with its outlet end at the top and its head end at the bottom. according to claim 37 or 32, characterized in that the fuel combustion equipment.

→ The artificial means are arranged at intervals around the head end of the combustion chamber. Claim G3, characterized in that the fuel inlet boat comprises a plurality of fuel inlet boats. fuel combustion equipment.

25 (c) The slag trap described in i'IiI is located at the center of the bottom of the combustion chamber. The fuel combustion device according to claim 3, characterized in that:

＠φ　Furthermore, in order to help the solidified slag adhere to the wall of the combustion chamber, Claim 3/' characterized in that it has means fixed to the wall of the combustion chamber. The fuel combustion device according to paragraph or paragraph 3.2.

Although the total stoichiometric ratio is high enough to completely gasify the fuel, Claim 1, characterized in that the calcination temperature is low enough to avoid evaporation of the liquid slag. The fuel combustion device according to item 37 or item 32, @Toge, fuel containing powdered carbon and acid The chemical gas is introduced into a reaction chamber having a head end and an opposite outlet end. feeding the combustion products from the outlet end of the chamber in such a way as to produce a high-velocity rotating flow at to discharge, and.

in a combustion method comprising removing slag from a chamber, said fuel is The first portion of the incoming oxidizing gas is supplied at the head end of the chamber. and the remaining portion of the oxidizing gas flows toward the outlet end of the chamber. and the first portion has a relatively low level of interaction with the incoming fuel within the head end of the chamber. As a result of the reaction at a high stoichiometry and a correspondingly low temperature, primary combustion occurs. The slag component of the fuel becomes liquid with minimal evaporation, and the liquid slag is centrifuged onto the chamber wall. The remaining portion of the oxidizing gas that is separated and removed from the chamber and enters the primary The products of combustion react near said outlet end of the chamber to produce a secondary combustion, resulting in said - Combustion as described above, characterized in that a total stoichiometry ratio considerably higher than the stoichiometric ratio is obtained. Method.

θ→ The flow of the inflowing oxidizing gas branches and flows toward the head end. an initial portion of oxidizing gas and a remainder of said agricultural gas flowing towards said outlet end; The oxidizing gas is connected to the heating chamber between the head end and the outlet end so that By injecting in a linear direction, U! towards the head end of the combustion chamber! acid oxidation The first portion of the flow of gas is combined with the flow of fuel and combustion products through the combustion chamber at 74. Claim 11-g characterized in that the flow is in a reverse flow relationship as a whole. Method) - The next combustion is about -'t' fraction of the total stoichiometric ratio for the combustion device. The range of crystal ice that is characterized by occurring in stoichiometric ratios. How to put it on.

Gυ Almost all of the incoming oxidizing gas is directed toward the head end of the combustion chamber. The method according to claim 11g, characterized in that:

Claims (1)

[Claims] /, a combustion chamber having a head end and an outlet end, pulverized coal is injected into the head end; means for directing at least a portion of the oxidizing gas stream toward said head end; The head end and the outlet are arranged so as to react with the injected coal to cause primary combustion. means for injecting oxidizing gas from the surroundings into the combustion chamber between the mouth ends, from the combustion chamber; means for removing non-combustible slag, and means disposed at said outlet end for exiting combustion products; A coal-burning device consisting of a mouthpiece. ! , the oxidizing gas injection means directs the entire flow of the oxidizing gas directly to the head end. the head end to produce a thermal sintered product containing a large amount of combustible material. claim that the flow rate of the oxidizing gas is adjusted to obtain a relatively low stoichiometry at the The coal combustion device according to item 1. 3. The oxidizing gas injection means directs the other portion of the oxidizing gas flow directly toward the outlet end. proceeding, where - reacting with the next combustion product to cause a secondary combustion to occur; - the stoichiometry for the next combustion is less than the total stoichiometry for said combustion device; Coal combustion apparatus according to claim 1, which is significantly lower. 44 Approximately half of the oxidizing gas flow goes directly to the head end, - for the next combustion. The stoichiometric ratio is approximately half of the total stoichiometric ratio for the combustion device. Coal combustion device according to item 3. The oxidizing gas injection means is arranged between the head end and the outlet end. and the non-combustible slag removal means is located at the outlet end. Coal combustion equipment according to scope 3. B. In order to further reduce the volume of the outlet end, the non-flammable slag removal means is The oxidizing gas injection means is located near the end of the head, so that the oxidizing gas injection means is located at the front. 4. A coal combustion apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the coal combustion apparatus is located near the outlet end. In order to shorten the length in the Z-axis direction and reduce heat loss, the oxidizing gas injection means is pulled out. 2. The coal combustion apparatus according to claim 1, which is of a closed spiral type. ♂ Further, an outlet coupled to a head end and the outlet end of the first combustion chamber. a second combustion chamber having an end, a second combustion chamber injecting pulverized coal into said second head end; means, and said second combustion chamber between said head end and said outlet end of said second combustion chamber. It has a second means for injecting oxidizing gas from the surroundings into the combustion chamber, and the two Outlet end heat loss is minimized by arranging the outlet ends in a back-to-back configuration. A coal combustion apparatus according to claim 7. 9. A combustor arranged in an upright configuration and having a downwardly directed head end and an upwardly directed outlet end. a combustion chamber, means for injecting pulverized coal into said head end, and at least one part of the oxidizing gas flow. The portion advances toward the end of the AfJ head, where it reacts with the injected coal to form a primary from the surroundings into the combustion chamber between the head end and the outlet end to cause combustion of means for injecting oxidizing gas, means for removing non-combustible slag from said combustion chamber, and and means disposed at said outlet end for providing an outlet for the products of combustion. Baking equipment. 10 The pulverized coal injection means is arranged at the head end at intervals around the combustion chamber. 8. A coal combustion apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the coal combustion apparatus is a plurality of fuel inlet boats arranged. /B The non-combustible slag removing means is arranged at the center of the head end of the combustion chamber. 71. A coal combustion device according to claim 2 or claim 70. /, 2. The oxidizing gas injection means is configured to direct the other part of the oxidizing gas stream; and then proceed to the inner part where it reacts with the products of the primary combustion and a secondary combustion takes place. - the stoichiometry for the next combustion is the total stoichiometry for said combustion device; Coal fuel 1 according to claim 7, 70 or 1/1, which is lower than the ratio Akatsuki device. /3 The oxidizing gas injection means directs the entire flow of oxidizing gas to the head end. The head end (( The flow rate of the oxidizing gas may be adjusted to obtain a relatively low stoichiometry at the The coal combustion device according to the scope of the request, item 7, item 10, or item 1/1. /IA The means for injecting the entire oxidizing gas stream toward the end of the head is Blocking the axial flow component towards the outlet end and preventing the axial flow towards the head end 74. The coal combustion apparatus according to claim 73, which is an annular deflector that converts only the components. /, 5: a generally cylindrical combustion chamber having a head end and an outlet end; From the axis of the chamber to its cylindrical wall, the conical flow diffuses in the head with a turn. means for injecting pulverized coal into the end, at least a portion of the oxidizing gas is directly injected into said head end; and reacts with the injected coal to cause primary combustion. An oxidizing gas is provided tangentially around the combustion chamber at a location between the head end and the outlet end. means for injecting slag into said combustion chamber for removing non-combustible slag; a wrap, and means disposed at said outlet end to provide an outlet for the products of combustion. Coal burning equipment. /B The combustion chamber is placed horizontally, and the slag trap is located in the combustion chamber. 1j. Coal combustion device according to claim 1j, which is arranged in a cylindrical wall. /7 The oxidizing gas injection means is located between the head end and the outlet end. and the slug trap is located near the outlet end. Coal combustion equipment described in Clause 1 (B). 7g, the oxidizing gas injection means is such that a relatively small volume for secondary combustion can be obtained. The slag/toranof is located near the outlet end, and the slag/torano f is wet-combusted. The coal combustion apparatus according to claim 1B, wherein the coal combustion apparatus is disposed at the end of the head. /9. The oxidizing gas injection means further shortens the axial length of the combustion device, and In order to obtain a more uniform flow of the oxidizing gas, The coal combustion device according to claim 7 (b), which is of the formula , a head end opposite the outlet end joined to form a 20° outlet assembly. and injecting pulverized coal into first and second combustion chambers having said first and second head ends. first and second means for introducing at least a portion of the oxidizing gas into said first combustion chamber; near the outlet assembly to direct the flow toward the head end of each of the second combustion chambers. first and second means for injecting oxidizing gas into the combustion chamber, and the first combustion chamber and the second combustion chamber. first and second varnish slug traps located at the head end of each of the baking chambers; wherein combustion at the head end occurs at a relatively low stoichiometry; With double ends, the bonding of the outlet end reduces heat loss and increases thermodynamic efficiency Coal burning equipment. 2/ The beak-forming gas injection means allows the other portion of the oxidizing gas flow to directly flow into each of the above-mentioned outputs. proceeding toward the mouth end where it reacts with the primary combustion products to cause secondary combustion. - the stoichiometry for the next combustion is the total stoichiometry for said combustion device; The coal combustion device according to claim 20, wherein the ratio is considerably lower than the ratio. 2.2. Approximately half of the oxidizing gas goes directly to the head end of each of the combustion devices. The stoichiometric ratio for the primary combustion is the total stoichiometric ratio for the combustion equipment and d. 2. A coal combustion device according to claim 2, which is about half. 23. The oxidizing gas injection means directs the entire flow of oxidizing gas to the head end. On the other hand, two containing a lot of combustible material. obtaining a relatively low stoichiometry at the head end such that combustion products occur; 21. The coal combustion apparatus according to claim 20, wherein the flow rate of the oxidizing gas is adjusted. , 2&, the head end and the outlet such that at least a portion of the flow is directed toward the head end. Injecting oxidizing gas from the surroundings into a combustion chamber with ends, gaseous combustion products Regardless of the end use of the fuel or the total stoichiometry of the combustion equipment, Pulverized coal is injected into the head end for primary combustion to occur at a high stoichiometry and low temperature. to remove non-combustible slag from the combustion chamber, and to remove essentially gaseous slag from the combustion chamber. Allowing the products of combustion to leave the combustion chamber. A combustion method for a coal combustion device consisting of: 25. In the oxidizing gas injection step, the oxidizing gas flow has an opposite axial velocity component. The burner at the point between the head end and the outlet end is split into two equal parts. oxidizing gas is injected tangentially into the combustion chamber, and the pulverized coal injection step is to inject coal into the part of the oxidizing gas flowing towards the head end, - The next combustion is at the head end at a stoichiometry of approximately half the total stoichiometry for the combustor. 2. The method of claim 2V, which occurs in a separate location. 2) In the oxidizing gas injection step, most of the gas flow is directed directly to the head end. towards the combustion chamber at a point between the head end and the outlet end, but not towards the outlet end. Injecting oxidizing gas into the combustion chamber and at the end of the head, The flow of oxidizing gas is A method according to claim 2, comprising adjusting the amount. ! 7. A combustion chamber having a head end and an outlet end, at least a portion of the oxidizing gas stream. said fuel between said head end and said outlet end such that said fuel proceeds toward said head end. Means of injecting oxidizing gas into the firing chamber from around the waist, reacting with the oxidizing gas and performing primary combustion means for injecting fuel into said head end to cause said outlet end to ignite; A fuel combustion device comprising a means for disposing and providing an outlet for combustion products. , 2g, the fuel produces ash when burned, and the combustion device further removes ash from the combustion chamber. 28. A fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 27, further comprising means for removing ash of the fuel. , 29. In addition, a pre-heater is used to help the solidified slag adhere to the walls of the combustion chamber. Claims 7 to 1j further comprising means fixed to the wall of the combustion chamber. Coal combustion equipment of two Tatsumi in Rekani. 30. Claim wherein the means fixed to the wall of the combustion chamber is a plurality of upright pins. No. 29, the coal combustion device according to item 29.