JPS5846184Y2 - Architectural base material - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates generally to building base materials, and in particular, to a building material that can be directly attached to the main frame structure of a building without requiring any preliminary work, and can be immediately applied with makeup. cement mortar,
This invention relates to a building base material that has a base layer and has excellent heat insulation and sound insulation properties, to which adhesive etc. can be directly applied.

Conventionally, this type of construction base material has been known by coating the surface of plywood with a mixture of non-vulcanized rubber liquid and adding aggregate, and drying it to form a base layer with a roving-like uneven surface. It is being

Such a construction base material has the advantage of centralizing the work of attaching book rails, pasting waterproof paper, pasting lath netting, etc. in the ancient wet wall construction method, but it Since the surface of the aggregate is covered with non-vulcanized rubber, the adhesion of the decorative mortar layer applied thereon is poor, making it impossible to apply a thick decorative layer, and furthermore, it is difficult to apply the decorative mortar layer after construction. However, there was a tendency for the decorative layer to peel off relatively early due to deterioration of the non-vulcanized rubber.

Also known is a construction base material in which a mixture of cement, aggregate, charcoal 9 synthetic resin, etc. is applied to the surface of plywood, and dried to form a base layer with an uneven rough surface in the shape of yuzu-skin staples. There is.

In addition to the above-mentioned advantages, such a base material increases the adhesion area between the base layer and the decorative cement mortar layer due to its rough surface with yuzu-skin stipples, which improves the adhesion effect between them. It has the advantage of improving

However, since charcoal, methyl cellulose (MC), etc. mixed in the base layer are water-retentive substances, the base layer has high water permeability, and when a decorative cement mortar etc. is applied on top of it, The moisture penetrates and is absorbed by the base layer and the plywood underneath, resulting in a decrease in moisture content near the interface between the decorative layer and the base layer, resulting in poor curing of the decorative layer in that area, and therefore There was a tendency for interlayer adhesion to decrease.

Furthermore, even after the decorative layer is applied, such architectural base material has the following properties:
Because of its water permeability, plywood absorbs moisture, expands, dries,
During shrinkage, warping occurred and the decorative cement mortar tended to crack and spall.

There was also a tendency for the plywood to rot relatively quickly due to permeated moisture.

In addition, none of the above base materials had any treatment applied to the back surface of the plywood, and exhibited the same drawbacks as above due to moisture absorption from the back surface.

Furthermore, after these conventional building base materials are installed on the frame structure of a building, it is necessary to paste heat insulating materials, soundproofing materials, etc. on the back side, and these materials are placed between the base material and the frame structure. Since the vibration isolation between them was not sufficient, the vibration insulation properties and therefore the sound insulation properties were insufficient.

Since these heat insulating materials and sound insulating materials are generally materials with low retention properties, it is difficult to attach them, for example, between the studs without any kind of support such as a rail. Ta.

Another conventional building material is one in which a lath net is stretched over the surface of a foam board.

Since such a base material has its own heat-insulating and sound-insulating properties, there is no need to further apply heat-insulating and sound-insulating materials during construction, but the mechanical strength of the foam board is insufficient. Preliminary work such as installing plywood underlayment or book railing was required in advance.

In addition, since the lath mesh was attached using adhesives or staples, when applying a thick layer of decorative cement mortar, the lath mesh could detach from the foam plate and peel off, and the staples would corrode after installation. , the adhesive deteriorated and the decorative mortar tended to peel off or crack.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a building base material that is excellent in waterproofness, heat insulation, sound insulation, and anti-condensation properties.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a building base material that can be directly attached to the main frame structure of a building and immediately coated thereon without the need for any preliminary work.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a building base material that does not require additional work for heat insulation, soundproofing, etc. after it is attached to a frame structure. It is.

Thus, the building base material of the present invention shortens the construction period for walls, particularly exterior walls, and enables construction of exterior walls with excellent heat insulation, soundproofing, waterproofing, and dew condensation prevention properties.

These and other objects, advantages, and effects of the present invention include:
This will become clearer from the description below.

The building base material according to the present invention is formed by applying synthetic resin or latex to the surface of an inorganic or organic substrate 1 to form a waterproof layer 2, and on the surface of the waterproof layer 2, cement to which synthetic resin or latex is added. Apply mortar,
It dries to form a base layer 3, and then a resin foam layer 4 and a fiberboard 6 with metal foils 5, 5' attached to at least one side are pasted and laminated on the back side of the substrate 1. be.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be further explained based on some specific examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a partial sectional view of a building base material according to the present invention.

As the substrate 1, a plate-like body having mechanical strength itself, such as plywood 9, gypsum board, cement board, or inorganic or organic fiber board, is used.

A waterproof layer 2 is formed on the surface of the substrate 1 by applying synthetic resin or latex.

Suitable synthetic resins to be used include vinyl acetate resin, vinyl chloride resin, acrylic resin, and epoxy resin.As for the latex, butadiene-acnolonitrirubber (NBR) and butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR) are suitable.
), butadiene methyl methacrylate rubber (MBR), etc. may be used.

To these synthetic resins and latexes, fillers 9, dispersants, etc. can be added as appropriate.

Which of these materials to use is appropriately determined depending on the material, properties, etc. of the substrate used.

The waterproof layer 2 formed of these materials makes the surface of the substrate 1 smooth and waterproof when the surface is porous or uneven.

Therefore, the generation of voids (air pockets) and bubbles that often occur when the cement mortar base layer 3 is directly formed on the substrate 1 can be prevented.

Since the waterproof layer 2 prevents the permeation of moisture from the surface of the base plate, the substrate 1 does not absorb moisture or warp due to expansion, and therefore the decorative layer is prevented from cracking or peeling due to this. Decay of the substrate 1 is also prevented.

Furthermore, when the cement mortar base layer 3 is applied directly onto the substrate 1, moisture is absorbed by the substrate and the boundary area becomes dehydrated (dry-out), resulting in insufficient curing. The formation of the waterproof layer 2 does not hinder the curing of the base layer 3, and therefore the adhesion between the base layer 3 and the substrate 1 is improved.

Furthermore, depending on the material of the substrate 1, it may contain alkali-soluble components (scum), but since such components are prevented from leaching into the underlying layer, such substances may cause the formation of the underlying layer 3. Retardation or inhibition of curing may also be avoided.

On the surface of the waterproof layer 2, a cement mortar made of a mixture of cement, synthetic resin or latex, aggregate and other auxiliary agents, and water is applied and dried to form a base layer 3.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 6, this base layer 3 is
The surface may be generally smooth, and the fourth and fifth
As shown in the figure, the surface may have an uneven surface.

The same synthetic resin or latex as the material used for the waterproof layer 2 can be used as the synthetic resin or latex to be mixed in the base layer material.

What should be considered here is that these synthetic resins and latexes should be selected in consideration of adhesion with the substrate 1, mixability with cement, alkali resistance, oxidation resistance, durability, etc. .

The synthetic resin or latex used for the base layer 3 is
Although it is not necessarily necessary to use the same synthetic resin or latex as used for the waterproof layer 2, it is advantageous to select a material that has a high intermolecular attraction between them.

In this way, the adhesion between the waterproof layer 2 and the base layer 3 is improved.

A resin foam layer 4 is attached to the back surface of the substrate 1 with an adhesive.

Materials for this layer include foam plate-like materials such as phenol resin, urethane resin, vinyl chloride resin, and styrene resin.

It is more desirable that the cells in these foam plate-like bodies are closed cells.

Such a material can provide heat insulation, vibration insulation, and sound insulation, as well as waterproofing to the back surface of the substrate 1.

When the cells of the foam plate are open cells, a waterproof layer can be additionally provided between the substrate 1 and the layer 4 of the foam plate.

On the back side of the resin foam layer 4, a fiberboard 6 having metal foils 5, 5' attached to one or both sides is further attached with an adhesive.

This fiberboard material includes glass fiber, rock wool,
A fiberboard or fiber sheet containing inorganic or organic fibers such as wood fibers and having relatively large interfiber voids may be used.

Further, the metal foils 5, 5' to be pasted on one or both sides thereof include aluminum foil, copper foil, lead foil, etc., and are not limited to foils, but may be thin plates of any thickness.

Such materials have heat insulating properties and sound absorbing properties, and metal foils (or thin plates) are effective in preventing dew condensation, sound insulation, and waterproofing.

In addition, such a fiberboard 6 with metal foils 5, 5' pasted on one or both sides, together with the resin foam layer 4, can effectively generate vibrations or sound waves of different frequencies depending on the materials and properties of the two materials. , it provides sound insulation and vibration isolation over a wider frequency range.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the invention.

This example is exactly the same as the example shown in FIG. 1, except that a fiberboard 6 with metal foil (or thin plate) 5.5' pasted on both sides is used.

In this specific example, at least one of the metal foils pasted on both sides has a waterproof effect, so even when the resin foam layer 4 is made of a material with open cells, an additional waterproof layer is required. There is no need to provide it between the substrate 1 and the resin foam layer 4.

FIG. 3 shows yet another embodiment of the invention.

In this specific example, both left and right edges of the fiberboard 6, to which a resin foam layer 4 and a metal foil 5 are pasted on one side, are attached to the substrate 1 and the waterproof layer 2 and base layer 3 formed on the surface thereof. It is set back inward from the edge.

In other respects, it is exactly the same as the specific example shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 shows yet another specific example of the present invention.

This specific example is exactly the same as the specific example shown in FIG. 1, except that the surface of the base layer 3 has an uneven surface.

FIG. 5 shows a state in which two pieces of construction base material according to the specific example of FIG. 4 are fixed to studs 7, which are the frame structure of a building, with nails 8.

The fiberboard 6 with the metal foil 5 pasted on one side is compressed and changed between the studs 7 and the resin foam layer 4, but the fiberboard 6 is still compressed and deformed together with the resin foam layer 4. It will be understood that this can contribute to vibration insulation and sound insulation between the layers.

When attempting to obtain a wall structure similar to that shown in Figure 5 using conventional construction foundation materials, fiberboard with poor shape retention is pasted in advance between studs that have no support of any kind. Not only does this require preliminary work, but the work is extremely tedious and impractical.

Furthermore, even if such construction were possible, a satisfactory sound insulation effect would not be obtained because a gap would be created between these materials and the base material.

It does not require further explanation that the construction material according to the specific example of FIGS. 1 and 2 has a construction similar to that shown in FIG. 5.

FIG. 6 shows a state in which two pieces of construction base material according to the specific example of FIG. 3 are fixed to studs 7, which are the frame structure of a building, with nails 8.

As can be seen from FIG. 6, studs 7 are formed in the space formed between the opposing edges of the resin foam layer 4 set back on the inside and the fiberboard 6 with metal foil 5 pasted on one side. When fitted, the outer surface of the stud is connected to the substrate 1, which is the rigid structure of the base material.
Since it is fixed by the nails 8 in direct contact with the building material, the advantage that the frame structure is reinforced by the building base material is increased.

However, in this case, the vibration insulation and sound insulation properties are slightly sacrificed compared to the case shown in FIG.

Thus, in areas with relatively little vibration and/or noise,
It is preferable to use the construction mode as shown in FIG.

Architectural base materials having a laminated structure as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 can be given a setback structure as shown in FIG. It is clear that this construction mode can be used.

As described above, when using the construction base material according to the present invention, by providing the waterproof layer 2 between the substrate 1 and the base layer 3, the adhesion between them is improved as described above, and Since its waterproof properties are improved, delamination of the building base material itself is prevented and rotting is also prevented, so when using the building base material of the present invention, a wall structure with extremely high durability can be obtained. , without having to carry out the preliminary work of pasting plywood, etc. in advance, and the additional work of pasting soundproofing material and heat insulating material in advance of attaching the base material to the frame structure of the building. Since the decorative layer can be applied immediately, not only can the construction period for exterior walls be significantly shortened, but because they have an integrated laminated structure, excellent vibration and sound insulation effects can be obtained. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of the building base material according to the present invention;
The figure is a partial cross-sectional view of the second specific example of the building base material according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the third concrete example of the building base material according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the fourth specific example of the building base material, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing how the building base material of the specific example of FIG. 4 is fixed to studs. It is a figure which shows the aspect which fixed the building base material to the stud. Explanation of symbols 1: Substrate, 2: Waterproof layer, 3: Base layer, 4:
Resin foam layer, 5.5': Metal foil (thin plate), 6: Fibreboard, 7: Stud, 8: Nail.

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] (1) Applying synthetic resin or latex to the surface of an inorganic or organic substrate 1 to form a waterproof layer 2, and forming a cement mortar layer 3 to which synthetic resin or latex is added on the surface of the waterproof layer 2, Further, on the back surface of the substrate 1, a resin foam layer 4 and a fiberboard 6 having metal foil 5 attached to at least one side are attached and laminated to form a building base material. (2) At least one side edge of the four peripheral parts of the resin foam layer 4 pasted on the back surface of the substrate 1 and the fiberboard 6 with metal foil 5 pasted on at least one side of the board 1 corresponds to that of the board 1. The construction base material according to claim 1 of the utility model registration claim, which has a setback from at least one side edge of the four peripheral edges.