JPS5846164B2 - electromagnet device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention This invention is composed of a coil wound around a core, a magnetic movable piece, and a return means, and when the coil is de-energized, the magnetic movable piece is urged by the return means to return. The present invention relates to a single stable type electromagnet device that maintains a state and transitions to an operating state by attracting or repelling a magnetic movable piece when a coil is excited.

In this single stable type electromagnet device, when the coil is excited, the attractive force or repulsive force acting on the magnetic movable piece must overcome the urging force of the return means, so the magnetic flux generated from the coil must be made large. There is a need to.

Therefore, conventionally, it has been difficult to make the coil or core smaller or to reduce the current flowing through the coil.

As a result, it has been difficult to reduce the size and power consumption of an electromagnetic relay constructed using this electromagnet device.

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a single stable type electromagnet device that is small and consumes low power.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2, the core 1 is formed into an H-shape by a central portion 11 and both end portions 12, 13, and a coil 2 is wound around the central portion 11.

The magnetic movable piece 3 is formed by connecting two magnetic pieces A4 + A2 with a non-magnetic material (omitted in the figure), and an axis 31 passing through the center of the connection (this axis 31 is the axis of the coil 2). It is held rotatably with the central axis of rotation (parallel to the center) as the center of rotation.

A return permanent magnet Mr is attached to the magnetic piece A2, and a yoke 14 is installed between both ends 12 and 13 of the core 1.
．． An auxiliary permanent magnet M1 is arranged via 15.

Furthermore, a second auxiliary permanent magnet M2 is attached to the magnetic piece A1.

The magnetic circuit symbolically represented in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is as shown in FIG. 3, and the circuit redrawn in a two-dimensional manner is as shown in FIG.

In these FIGS. 3 and 4, C represents the magnetic flux source due to the coil 2, Gr, Or, Gs, and Gs represent the gap between the magnetic piece A2 and the core 1, and the gap between the magnetic piece A1 and the core 1, respectively. It represents the magnetic resistance based on the gap between.

Since the magnetic resistances Gr, Gr, Gs, and Gs change with the size of the gap, symbols for variable resistance are used.

When the coil 2 is not excited, as shown in FIG. 5a, the magnetic flux φ1o of the auxiliary permanent magnet M1 is
and is short-circuited through the central portion 11 of the core 1.

Further, the magnetic flux φ2o of the auxiliary permanent magnet M2 passes through the magnetic piece A1 and is short-circuited.

Therefore, these magnets M, , M2 do not affect others, and the magnetic piece A2 is caused by the action of the returning permanent magnet Mr, that is, the magnetic flux φr of the magnet Mr is
It is attracted to the core 1 by passing through.

Therefore, the magnetic resistance Gr, Gr is small and Gs. Since Gs is large, it is drawn in different sizes in the figure to correspond to the magnitude of magnetic resistance.

When the coil 2 is excited, a magnetic flux source C is inserted into the central portion 11, and a magnetic flux φC in the opposite direction to the previous magnetic flux φ1o is generated.

Therefore, the magnetic path of φ1o is interrupted, and the magnetic flux from the magnet M1 attempts to flow through the magnetic piece A1.

In addition, since the direction of the magnetic flux φC that attempts to flow through the magnetic piece A1 is opposite to the magnetic flux φ2o, the short-circuit magnetic path of the magnet M2 is interrupted, and the magnetic flux of this magnet M2 attempts to flow through the central portion 11 of the core 1. do.

Furthermore, since the direction of the magnetic flux φC and the direction of the magnetic flux φr are opposite, the magnetic piece A2 and the core 1 are in a repulsive state.

Therefore, the magnetic movable piece 3 rotates around the shaft 31, and the magnetic piece A1 is attracted to the core 1.

In this way, as shown in Figure 5, the magnetic fluxes φC2φ1□, φ2
1 flows, so the attraction force during operation is the magnetic flux φC1 of coil 2.
This is the sum of the effects of the magnetic flux φ1□ of the magnetic flux M1 of the auxiliary permanent magnet M1 and the magnetic flux φ2□ of the auxiliary permanent magnet M2.

Immediately after the excitation of the coil 2 is stopped, the magnetic flux source C is removed from the central part 11 as shown in FIG. 5C, so that the magnetic flux φ
1o' and φ2o' flow and the magnet M12M2 is short-circuited, so the magnetic piece A2 is attracted by the action of the magnet Mr, returning to the state shown in FIG. 5a.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show a second embodiment.

In this embodiment, an auxiliary permanent magnet M3 is used in place of the auxiliary permanent magnet M2 of the fourth embodiment.

This auxiliary permanent magnet M3 is arranged on the attraction side of one end 12 of the core 1, and the circuit is as shown in FIG.

When the coil 2 is not energized, the magnet M3 is short-circuited at the end 12, but when the coil 2 is energized, the short-circuited magnetic path is interrupted and the magnet M3 is connected to the central portion 11 of the core 1 and the magnetic piece A1.
Try to cause magnetic flux to flow through the magnetic path that passes through.

Therefore, only when the coil 2 is energized, the magnet M1. The attraction force by magnet M3 (the attraction force by magnet M1 is the same as in the first embodiment) is added to the attraction force obtained by exciting the coil 11.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show a third embodiment.

In this embodiment, auxiliary permanent magnets M32M4 are arranged on the attraction sides of both ends 12.13 of the core 11.

The circuit is as shown in FIG.

In this case as well, magnet M3. M4 is short-circuited when the coil 2 is not energized, but when the coil 2 is energized, the short-circuited magnetic path is interrupted and acts to flow magnetic flux to each magnetic piece A1.

Therefore, when the coil 2 is excited and the magnetic piece A1 is about to be attracted, the auxiliary permanent magnet M,
M3. The suction force of M4 will be added.

FIGS. 12 and 13 show a fourth embodiment.

This embodiment is, so to speak, a combination of the first embodiment and the second embodiment, and its circuits are as shown in FIG.

FIGS. 15 and 16 show a fifth embodiment.

This embodiment is, so to speak, a combination of the first embodiment and the third embodiment, and the circuit is constructed as shown in Fig. 1.gamma.

In each of the above embodiments, the return permanent magnet Mr is used to bias the magnetic movable piece 3 in one direction when the coil 2 is de-energized, but it is also possible to use a return means such as a spring (not shown). good.

According to this invention, in a single stable type electromagnet device, when the coil is excited, the magnetic flux of the electromagnet and the magnetic fluxes of the first and second permanent magnets work harmoniously to smoothly attract the movable piece. In addition to reducing the burden on the coil,
When the coil is de-energized, the magnetic flux of the first and second auxiliary permanent magnets is prevented from contributing to the attraction of the movable piece, thereby providing a compact, low power consumption, and highly sensitive single stable type electromagnetic device. be able to.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view (not showing the outline) of the first embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the same, Fig. 3 is a magnetic circuit diagram of the same, Fig. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram, and Fig. 5. a, b, and c are equivalent circuit diagrams for explaining the operation of the same embodiment, Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing an outline of the second embodiment, Fig. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the same, and Fig. 8 is an equivalent circuit diagram. 9 is a perspective view schematically showing the third embodiment, FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the same, and FIG. 11 is an equivalent circuit diagram, and FIG.
2 is a perspective view showing the outline of the fourth embodiment, FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view of the same, FIG. 14 is an equivalent circuit diagram, and FIG. 15 is a diagram of the fifth embodiment.
16 is an exploded perspective view of the same, and FIG. 17 is an equivalent circuit diagram. 1...H-shaped core, 2...Coil, 3
...Magnetic movable piece, A1. A2... Magnetic piece, Mr... Permanent magnet for return, Ml + M2 + M3 + M4... Permanent magnet for auxiliary use, C... Magnetic flux source .

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Consists of a coil wound around a core, a magnetic movable piece, and a return means, and when the coil is not energized, the return means urges the magnetic movable piece to return to the return state. In a single stable type electromagnet device, which attracts or repulses the magnetic movable piece when the coil is energized and transitions to the operating state, when the coil is not energized, the core moves in the opposite direction to the magnetic flux of the coil when energized. A first auxiliary permanent magnet is arranged to flow a magnetic flux through the magnetic movable piece during excitation, and a magnetic path through which the magnetic flux emitted from the coil passes during excitation, and a magnetic path during non-excitation. An electromagnet device characterized in that a second auxiliary permanent magnet is disposed, which is short-circuited but generates a magnetic flux that passes through the same magnetic path as the magnetic flux from the coil during excitation. 2. The electromagnetic device according to claim 1, wherein the return means for urging the magnetic movable piece to maintain the return state when the coil is de-energized comprises a permanent magnet. 3. The core is formed in an H-shape, and a coil is wound around the center thereof, and the magnetic movable piece connects two magnetic pieces with a non-magnetic material to connect the two magnetic pieces at the center. The coil is configured such that a rotation center axis passes through the coil, and the rotation center axis is arranged parallel to the axis of the coil,
The first auxiliary permanent magnet is attached to the core side so as to face one of the magnetic pieces and magnetically interact with the other, and the second auxiliary permanent magnet is attached to one of the magnetic pieces. An electromagnet device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electromagnet device is attached to. 4. The core is formed into an H-shape, and a coil is wound around the center thereof, and the magnetic movable piece connects two magnetic pieces with a non-magnetic material to connect the two magnetic pieces at the center. The first auxiliary permanent magnet is located on one of the magnetic pieces. The second auxiliary permanent magnet is attached to the core side so as to face each other and magnetically interact with each other, and the second auxiliary permanent magnet is attached to one end of the attraction side of the core. The electromagnet device according to item 1 or 2. 5. The core is formed into an H-shape, and a coil is wound around the center thereof, and the magnetic movable piece connects two magnetic pieces with a non-magnetic material to connect the two magnetic pieces at the center. The first auxiliary permanent magnet is located on one of the magnetic pieces. Claims characterized in that the second auxiliary permanent magnets are attached to the core side so as to face each other and magnetically interact with each other, and the second auxiliary permanent magnets are attached to both ends of the attraction side of the core. The electromagnet device according to item 1 or 2. 6. The core is formed into an H-shape, and a coil is wound around the center thereof, and the magnetic movable piece connects two magnetic pieces with a non-magnetic material to connect the two magnetic pieces at the center. The first auxiliary permanent magnet is located on one of the magnetic pieces. The second auxiliary permanent magnet is attached to one of the magnetic pieces and is attached to one end of the attraction side of the core. An electromagnet device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: 7. The core is formed in an H-shape, and a coil is wound around the center thereof, and the magnetic movable piece connects two magnetic pieces with a non-magnetic material to connect the two magnetic pieces at the center. The first auxiliary permanent magnet is located on one of the magnetic pieces. The second auxiliary permanent magnets are attached to one of the magnetic pieces and are attached to both ends of the core on the attraction side. An electromagnet device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: