JPS5845840A - Automatic tool interchanging device for machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To index accurately each tool in a position of a spindle to shorten interchanging time of tools by causing the rotation of the spindle to rotatably index a tool magazine through a rotation transmitting means consisting of a pair of gears provided at the spindle and tool magazine sides. CONSTITUTION:A spindle 12 is rotated integrally with a bevel gear 58 by a motor 28, when the rotational angle of the spindle 12 is detected by a position coder 44 to locate the bevel gear 58 at a certain rotational angular position. On the other hand, when any of tool receiving holes of a tool magazine 62 is aligned with a tool receiving hole of the spindle 12, a bevel gear 74 is constituted to have the same phase. The tool magazine 62 and the spindle head 10 are lifted and close fit between the spindle 12 and a tool T1 is released. Next, a slider 70 abuts against a stopper 50 to lift only the spindle head 10 so that both gears 58, 74 mesh with each other. And the gear 58 is rotated a desired amount by a motor 28 to index the tool in the tool magazine 62.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an automatic tool changer for a machine tool, and more particularly to a new automatic tool changer (hereinafter referred to as ATC) that indexes and rotates a tool magazine for storing tools using the rotation of the main axis of a machine tool. equipment).

Various systems are provided for the mechanism that generates the index rotation t of the tool magazine in the ATL of a machine tool. kTc which is made to generate
However, there is a constant demand for further speeding up the automatic tool change operation, shortening the tool change time, and improving the work efficiency of machine tools.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an ATC device for a machine tool which is capable of achieving such lI desired tlA and is also compactly formed. One tool magazine leaks by one rotation of the main shaft through a rotation transmission means consisting of a pair of gear mechanisms.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic tool changing device having an 11ifA structure, which causes rotation and can accurately index each machining tool JI4I of a tool magazine to the main axis position.

That is, according to the present invention, the t provided on the main shaft side of the machine tool is
A rotation transmitting means consisting of a gear and a gear provided on the tool magazine side so that it can be engaged with and detached from the main shaft side gear causes the tool magazine indexing rotation t - the tool magazine indexing rotation t - to occur due to the rotation of the main shaft. I on the gazine side of the tool 1
The lI car is m, which is the integer sound of the number of tools stored in the tool magazine.
Is this the gear you chose? Fixedly mount and straighten the gear on the main shaft side! l! A self-excited tool changer 111L device for a machine tool is provided, which is capable of smoothly and reliably meshing the two gears by rotating and positioning the gears to the first rotation angle position 1. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall mechanism of the avIL control operation equipped with an embodiment of the ATC device according to the present invention;
! FIG. 2 is a schematic mechanical diagram showing the relative positional relationship between the machine tool spindle and the tool magazine during tool exchange in the doujin TO device.

In Fig. 511, the main axis I of the machine tool [10 is the column K of the machine body (not shown) in the main/down direction (
The vertical main shaft 12f is rotatably supported via a bearing means.
Ru. Below this spindle WX10 is a fixed base 1 of the machine tool.
A work table 16 is placed on the work table 14 so as to be slidable in two wheel directions perpendicular to each other (X-axis direction, Y-axis direction) within a horizontal plane perpendicular to the two axes, and a work W is mounted on the work table 14. There is. In the NG machine tool, the two-axis movement of the spindle 1 [1G, the rotation of the spindle 12, and the movement of the work table 16 in the X-axis direction and Y-axis direction are controlled by the numerical control device 18 (hereinafter referred to as the NC device). The movement of the spindle head 10 in the two-axis directions is controlled by an actuating means controlled by a command, and the movement of the spindle head 10 in the two-axis directions is performed by two servo motors controlled by a command signal NCZK of the NC@device 8. Axial feed 9 motor 20 and these two transport motors 2
2-feeding which is rotatably operated via a suitable speed reduction mechanism 22t by 0.6. f2 screw 24 and a feed screw mechanism consisting of a nut 26 provided on the main shaft 1[10 and engaged with the two-axis feed screw 24], and at this time, the main shaft 1i[10 is It moves in two axial directions along the aforementioned column. Also, the main shaft 12
The rotation of is a main shaft rotation operation consisting of a main shaft motor 28 consisting of a servo motor controlled by a command signal NC8 from the NCH device 8, and a belt googly mechanism 30 provided between the output shaft of this main shaft motor 18 and the main shaft 12. The rotational speed of the main shaft 120 is determined by a rotational speed signal Sv from a tachometer 32 consisting of a tacho generator.
is sent to the NC 41i 18, thereby controlling the rotational speed jK of the main shaft 12 to a required machining speed llLrIC. Furthermore, the movement of the work table 16 in the X-axis direction and Y-axis direction is NCI! An X@sakai motor 34 and an X-axis feed motor 36, which are servo motors controlled by command signals NCX and NCYK from the device 1,
These feed motors 34 and 36 rotate and actuate the X-axis feed actuating means and Yell feed actuating means formed by the X-axis feed screw 38 and the Y-transport screw 40, respectively. Further, the rotational angular position of the main shaft 12 is detected by a well-known positive encoder 44 via a precision external angle transmission means 42 consisting of a timing belt and toothed googly, and is sent to this detection signal 8P4NC1lt1g. Signal 8P1kNCfi location 18
By detecting this, the main shaft 12t rotated by the main shaft motor 28 is positioned at a desired rotation angle position with respect to the main body of the machine.4ITII! ! It is formed in Reference numeral 46 denotes an arm or bracket 69 that is integrally formed with the above-mentioned spindle head 10171, and a spring 48 is stretched between this bracket 46 and a slider 70 of an ATC device to be described later. This is a stopper attached to a portion 52 of the main body, and is provided at a position facing the slider 70 as described later.

Now, the automatic tool change (ATC) li system 60 according to the present invention
has a tool magazine 621, this tool magazine 62 has a truncated cone shape and is provided with a magazine body 64, and a plurality of tools T,
. . . A plurality of tool storage holes are provided for storing Tn and the like. This magazine body 64 is a magazine cylinder 66
The magazine cylinder 66ij has rotation bearing means (not shown) inside and is rotatably supported around the diagonal l11168.

Then, when the magazine main body 64 rotates, the plurality of storage holes are sequentially opened. It is configured to pass directly under 11112. On the other hand, the upper end of the oblique shaft 68 is fixed to the approximate center of the slider 70, and the slider 70 slides upward and downward between the upper and lower guides sS4 formed on one side of the main head io. It has sliding flA72, 72i so as to be movable. Further, the above-mentioned spring 48 is attached to the upper end of the slider 70.
The lower end of the spring 48 is fixed, the upper end of the spring 48 is fixed to the bracket 46, and the spring 48 maintains a constant spring tension in the state shown in FIG. 1 when the slider 70 is not in contact with the stopper 50. In other words, the ATCg device 6 device iP is connected to the upper end portion of the bracket 46 via the slider 70i.
It's being pulled up. Here, in the state shown in FIG.
A storage hole having one tool Tit- of...=Tn is formed at the lower end of the tool spindle 12 and vertically aligns with a mental tool receiving hole (not shown), and the tool T! is attached to the tool receiving hole, and from this position (hereinafter referred to as the 2-axis layer point position), the spindle head 10 descends toward the workpiece W, and when the spindle 12 is rotated by the operation of the spindle motor 28, the workpiece W It is possible to perform machining on it. It is well known that each of the tools T1...Tn$ is provided with a tool taper 56 that is tightly fitted into the tool receiving hole of the tool spindle 12. Now, at the upper end of the magazine barrel 66 of the tool magazine 62, a bevel gear 74 is fixedly arranged concentrically with the diagonal shaft 68. On the other hand, the main shaft 1 [
If the bevel gear 58 that rotates integrally with the main shaft 12 is toothed, the bevel gear 74 on the tool magazine 62 side has teeth of the same module, but in order to obtain a constant reduction gear, the bevel gear 74 on the tool magazine 62 side is attached to the main shaft head 1. (It is formed to have a larger diameter than the bevel wheel 58 of Ill, and therefore has a number of canine teeth.Then, the spindle head lO and the ATC value device 0 are located at the Z@ origin position in FIG. 1 and the machine in its F direction. When located in the processing area, the bevel wheels 58 and 74
is definitely dissociated in a non-interlocking manner, and ATC4i position 6
0 is in a non-operational state.

Next is the ATC fold! 160 operates and spindle W! 10 main shafts 1
The automatic tool exchange operation for exchanging the tool T1 mounted on the tool T1 with another tool will be described below.

At the time of tool exchange, the spindle $10 and the tool magazine 62 are first returned upward from the machining area for the workpiece W to the above-mentioned Z-axis layer point position by the operation IIIJVc of the Z-transport operating means. However, during this upward return HI operation, the main shaft 12 of the main shaft head 10 is rotated by the action of the main shaft motor 28, so that the bevel wheel 58 is also rotated, and at this time, the position adjustment encoder 44 is rotated. By means of which the rotational angular position of the main shaft 12 is detected, a so-called orienting operation is performed to position the V upper shaft 12 and therefore the bevel gear 5et at a constant rotational angular position. At a certain rotation angle position determined by this orienting operation, a preselected tooth of the bevel gear s8 comes to a position where it can mesh with a tooth of the bevel gear 74 of the tool magazine 62 and stops. On the other hand, in the bevel gear 74 of the tool magazine 62, when any one of the plurality of tool storage holes formed in the magazine body 64 is aligned with the tool receiving hole of the main spindle 12, #A of the bevel gear 74 is always in the same phase, for example, when the tooth 9 has a trough phase in which tool storage hole, the bevel gear 58 of the main axis I [10
The number of teeth has been designed and identified in advance so that the number of teeth is close to the Kll. Under such design and assembly conditions, the number of tool storage holes provided in the magazine body 64 (N ) and the number of teeth (M) of the bevel gear 74, the following relationship is established: KM = IXN, I......an integer. Even in the case of a tool storage hole where the tooth peak phase is negative, the main shaft 111
Needless to say, it may be assembled so that the bevel gear 58 is closest to the zero bevel gear 58.

Then, the point where the tooth valley phase of the bevel gear 74 of the tool magazine 62 is closest to the bevel gear 5B of the main shaft 1 [10] is 1fK.
When assembled and formed so that the teeth of the bevel gear 740 are assembled and formed in such a manner that the teeth of the selected teeth of the bevel gear 58 of the spindle head lO are The gears 58 and 74 are positioned in a position that correctly aligns with the trough, so that they can be smoothly and reliably engaged in response to the relative approach movement of both gears 58 and 74, which will be described later. On the other hand, if the VC is formed so that the tooth peak phase of the bevel gear 74 of the tool magazine 62 comes closest to the bevel gear 5B of the main shaft 1 [IQ], the above-mentioned orientation A selected tooth on the bevel gear 58 of the main shaft 1 [10] is positioned at a position where the trough phase of the specific tooth is correctly aligned with the crest of the tooth of the bevel gear 74, so that both gears 58, which will be described later,
According to the relative approach movement of the parts 74, it becomes possible to smoothly and reliably engage the parts.

When the orientation of the main shaft 12 of the main shaft head 10 and the bevel gear S8 is completed as described above, the main shaft [
10 The tool change area (person T
C area). At this time, the MuTC device 60
is pulled up toward the bracket 46 via the slider 70 by the tension of the spring 48 as described above, so that it rises in the ATC area together with the tool magazine 624 main shaft -1O. In connection with this rise, the fastening of the threshold between the main shaft 12 and the main shaft 12 by a tool attached to the lower end thereof is released by a well-known appropriate means such as a cam means not shown in FIG. When the upper end of the slider 7o rises to a position where it touches the stopper 50, only the lifting of the tool magazine 62 is stopped, and the slider 7o
o sliding @72. '12 and main @@100 upper/lower guide section 5
The already mentioned suri formed by 4! Due to the lI# construction, only the main shaft 1 [10] continues to move upward while increasing the spring tension of the spring 48. As a result, the cutting tool 1 at the lower end of the main shaft 12 is removed from the tool receiving hole of the tool main shaft 12 and remains in the storage hole of the magazine body 64.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the tool T1 is completely removed from the tool receiving hole of the tool spindle 12, the bevel gear tooth engages with the bevel gear 74 of the tool magazine 62.

When both gears 58 and 74 mesh, the operation of the two-axis feed actuation means is stopped, and then the main shaft motor 28 is actuated by the command signal NCR of the NO device 18, and the belt pulley mechanism 30
When the main shaft 12 and the bevel gear 58 are rotated by a desired amount via the bevel gear 74, this rotation is transmitted to the tool i magazine 62 via the bevel gear 74, and the tool magazine 62 is similarly operated by the desired amount. Next, a tool to be mounted on the spindle 12, for example tool T3, is placed at the KIJ directly below the tool receiving hole of the spindle 12.
In other words, since the tool change order is programmed in the C device 18 in advance, a command signal NCR according to this program is applied to the spindle motor 2B, and the amount of rotational operation of the spindle 12 is controlled. The opening rotation of the magazine 62 is caused by rotation transmission means consisting of bevel gears 58, 74. Moreover, main shaft 1
At the 20th rotation angle position, the body □ is engaged with the main shaft 12 via the angle lowering means 42 consisting of a tine belt mechanism.
Since it is detected by the encoder 44, ultimately the tool hemlock 2f 620 index rotation amount is also extremely accurate and precise KtA.
The new tool T1 and the tool receiving hole of the spindle 12 are indexed to a position where they are accurately aligned in the axial direction.

When a new tool T is indexed as described above, the operation of the spindle motor 2B is stopped, and the Zdi feed motor 20 is actuated by the command signal NCZ from the NO device 18, and the two-axis feed operation means is activated. When the spindle 1 [10 is moved downward toward the 2-axis layer point position by operation m, and the taper S of the folding tool Ts is fitted into the tool receiving hole of the spindle 12, a suitable machine consisting of the above-mentioned cam means etc. A folded weight AT3 is tightly fitted onto the main shaft 12 at m- of the means. During this time, as the main shaft 111G descends, the main shaft head 10 alone descends until the tension of the spring 48 relaxes to a constant force, so that the mesh of the bevel teeth 58.74 disengages, and the tension of the spring 48 becomes constant. When the tool magazine 62 of the ATC [60] is relaxed, the tool magazine 62 of the ATC [60] becomes one body, and when both of them move xA to the origin position 1, the Z transport motor 20 stops descending and is stopped. The automatic tool change operation ends. When the automatic tool conversion operation is completed T, the Wang Shengtou 10 moves down the machining area toward the workpiece W under the control of the NCC direct placement 1B, and machining is performed using the folding tool T. .

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, ATI
,? Tool magazine/620 [output rotation at Wid 160 uses 120 rotations of the main shaft, that is, the rotation of the main shaft 12 is transmitted to the tool magazine 62 via the rotation transmission hand IRt, so that the rotation reaches the bottom of the tool magazine n''C 9, and Since the position encoder 44 engaged with the main shaft 12 is used to detect the rotation amount of J1, it is possible to achieve very accurate and precise indexing rotation sound, as well as a rapid indexing rotation sound. Reliability and performance in automatic operation of exchange operations can be significantly improved.Furthermore, since the above-mentioned rotation transmission means is constituted by a pair of gear mechanisms, it can be arranged close to the head 10. Sareko A '17 C device 6
The structure of o is also compact, and the rotation angle position detection function of the position encoder 44 allows the pair of gear mechanisms to be smoothly and reliably engaged and disengaged.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an automatic tool changer according to the present invention.
M2- is a schematic mechanism diagram showing the overall mechanism of the wt value sub-control machine tool provided, and M2- is a schematic mechanism diagram showing the relative positional relationship between the machine tool spindle and the tool magazine during tool exchange in the fixed automatic tool change device. lO...Main@head, 12...Main axis, 16
...Work table, 18...NG control device, 20...Z transport motor, 28...
...Main shaft motor, 34...X-axis feed motor,
36...llll feed motor, 44...
Physical encoder, 60...--person'vC device, 6
2... Tool magazine, 58, 74...
Bevel gear, T1...TI...tool.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] L A rotation transmission means consisting of a gear provided on the main shaft side of the machine tool and a gear provided on the tool magazine side that can be engaged with and detached from the main shaft side gear is used to transfer the tool magazine when exchanging tools. indexing rotation is caused by the rotation of the main shaft, and the gear on the tool magazine side is fixedly mounted with a gear whose number of teeth is an integral multiple of the number of tools stored in the tool magazine,
Automatic tool changer for a machine tool 02, characterized in that the gear on the main shaft side is rotationally positioned at a single rotation angle position so that both the gears mesh smoothly and reliably. In the automatic tool changer for a machine tool described in 111JJ, the gear on the spindle side is not a pinion, and the gear on the magazine side of the tool i is a large gear to obtain a constant deceleration force. Machine O
tA abuse tool exchange reconnaissance device