JPS5845464B2 - Taikari Yuushi Oyobi Soreimochiitaika Taikari Taikari - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a polyurethane foam with excellent fire resistance and heat resistance.

Generally, polyurethane foam is lightweight and has excellent heat insulation properties, but has the drawbacks of having an ignition point of 416°C, a flash point of 310°C, and a usage range of 100°C in a steady state.

Therefore, there have been various methods for making polyurethane foam flame retardant, such as mixing pearlite grains, borax, or glass fibers into polyurethane foam.

However, it is technically difficult to uniformly distribute these inorganic materials in polyurethane foam.
A polyol component consisting of Freon 11), a stabilizer (silicon type), a crosslinking agent, an emulsifier, and a catalyst is mixed with a polyisocyanate component using a one-shot method, and it takes approximately 1 to 3 minutes for the reaction, foaming, and curing to occur. Moreover, since the viscosity increases rapidly from a liquid state to a solid state, it is not possible to uniformly distribute these substances, which differ in specific gravity, bulk, external shape, etc. from the polyurethane foam raw material, within the foam structure of the foam.

Moreover, when mixed with polyurethane foam raw materials, this type of inorganic material has the disadvantage of having various adverse effects.For example, pearlite grains are oil-absorbing, so they absorb oil from the above-mentioned raw materials, making it difficult to form a foam with the desired foam size. In addition, the foam structure is such that the air contained inside the pearlite reacts with the exothermic reaction of the polyurethane foam raw material (120 to 180
℃), expands, and is released outside the pearlite grains, which has the disadvantage of damaging the foam structure.In addition, borax has a mesh size of 100 to 250 mesh, so even with the same weight, the grain size is similar to that of pearlite grains. When compared to the surface area of borax, it has a much larger surface area, and since borax is a powder, the crystallization water is dehydrated by the polyisocyanate, which has a strong dehydrating effect, which has the disadvantage of disrupting the reaction system of the foam.

Furthermore, glass fibers and perlite particles are simply inorganic materials, and when polyurethane foam burns, they fall in pieces, so they are only effective in improving initial fire protection. there were.

In order to eliminate these drawbacks, the present invention fills the internal voids of inorganic porous particles with water, which is effective for fireproofing, and uses fireproof particles whose surfaces are coated with resin to release crystallized water under high heat. A granulated fireproof material in which the internal voids of inorganic porous particles are filled with a foamable inorganic material that foams to form an inorganic foam layer is mixed into a foamable polyurethane resin base material to improve the fire resistance and heat resistance of the base material. In addition, it has a homogeneous foam structure with no deterioration in fire protection performance over a long period of time, and on top of that, under high heat, an inorganic foam layer is formed with inorganic porous particles as the core, protecting the polyurethane foam from high heat, and furthermore, Specifically, we propose a fire-resistant and heat-resistant polyurethane foam that uses water's digestive ability to replenish water to the granulation resistant material to form a larger inorganic foam layer.

The fire-resistant and heat-resistant polyurethane foam according to the present invention will be explained in detail below.

That is, the present invention is a polyurethane foam in which refractory particles and granulated refractory material are mixed into a polyurethane resin base material.

In the present invention, the polyurethane foam resin base material is
A polyol component consisting of a polyol, a blowing agent, a foam stabilizer, an emulsifier, and a crosslinking IK catalyst is mixed with a polyisocyanate component in a weight ratio of about 100:100, and the mixture is reacted and foamed to form a foam. .

Furthermore, refractory particles are inorganic porous particles such as pearlite particles whose internal voids are filled with water and whose surfaces are coated with resin, and the amount added is 10 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of polyurethane foam raw material. It is a part.

To explain further, the particle size of the inorganic porous particles is 8 to 1.
They are pearlite grains of about 0 mm, and their internal voids are filled with water under reduced pressure, the water adhering to the surface is removed, and the water that does not leak due to surface tension is cooled and turned into ice within the voids.

Next, add this pearlite grain to the polyisocyanate liquid,
Mix and coat the surface with polyisocyanate.

That is, since ice and water are attached to the surface of the pearlite particles, these are reacted with polyisocyanate, which has a strong dehydrating effect, to close the pore openings on the surface of the pearlite particles.

Thereafter, the ice within the pearlite particles melts and turns into water.

Of course, water does not initially completely fill the internal voids of the pearlite particles (about 70 to 80%).

In addition, the refractory particles replenish extinguishing agents, fire retardants, and water under high heat to the foamable inorganic material, and are useful for increasing the scale of the inorganic foam layer.

In the present invention, the granulated refractory material is a material in which the internal voids of inorganic porous particles are filled with one or two foaming inorganic materials such as borax and sodium metaborate, which release crystal water under high heat and gradually foam. It is something.

The amount added is 30 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polyurethane foam raw material.

Furthermore, the granulated fireproof material mainly protects polyurethane foam from high heat by forming an inorganic foam layer.

In addition, in order to fill inorganic porous particles with foamable inorganic material,
The foamable inorganic material is dissolved (100° C.), the porous particles are added thereto, stirred, taken out and exposed to the outside air to separate them so that they do not combine with each other.

Next, an example will be explained.

Example 1 Blending ratio Polyurethane resin (for hard) 100 parts by weight Fireproof particles (
Particle size 3m/m) 30 parts by weight granulated refractory material
60 parts by weight First, as a polyurethane resin raw material, polyol component 60, Freon 11.35 to 38, foam stabilizer (silicon type) 2, emulsifier, and crosslinking agent were added to make a total of 100 parts by weight, and polyisocyanate was added to the polyol component. It consists of 100 parts by weight of ingredients.

The refractory particles are made by filling pearlite particles with water and coating the surface with polyisocyanate, and the granulated refractory material is made by filling perlite particles with sodium metaborate.

Therefore, the polyol and the polyisocyanate component were mixed by a one-shot method, and then the refractory particles and the granulated refractory material were mixed in a mixer, and then discharged into a lower mold, and an upper mold was placed on top of it. Cure at °C.

So, we took out this polyurethane foam from the mold and
When exposed to a direct flame at 900°C for 5 minutes, no smoke or ignition was observed.

When we looked at the cross section of the plate, we found that the foam on the surface exposed to the direct flame had melted, and most of the water in the refractory particles that existed in this area had flowed out, cooling the surrounding area.

Further, in the granulated refractory material, about half of the sodium metaborate flowed out from the pearlite particles, and an inorganic foam layer with a thickness of 2 to 3 inches was formed using the pearlite particles as cores.

Furthermore, when this polyurethane foam was heated, water was supplied from the refractory particles existing in the deeper layer, and the inorganic foam layer expanded further, forming a thicker inorganic foam layer.

As mentioned above, in the fire-resistant and heat-resistant polyurethane foam of the present invention, water performs initial digestion when exposed to high heat, and as heating continues, the granulated fire-resistant material releases crystal water, gradually forming an inorganic foam layer. Since water is gradually replenished into this foamed layer, it has fire resistance that can withstand long-term heating.

In addition, refractory particles and granulated resistant materials have the characteristic that they do not roughen the foam structure of polyurethane foam more than conventional additives, and can form a foam with a homogeneous foam structure.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 In a foamable polyurethane resin base material, the internal voids of inorganic porous particles are filled with water, the surface of which is coated with polyisocyanate, and crystallization water is released into the internal voids of the fireproof particles and inorganic porous particles under high heat, and the foam is gradually foamed. A fire-resistant and heat-resistant polyurethane foam 0 characterized by being mixed with a granulated fireproof material filled with a foamable inorganic material to form an inorganic foam layer.