JPS5841909A - Production of extremely fine fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:A dispersion consisting of two kinds of organic substances with different viscosity in an extruder is passed through a plurality of microholes and the filaments are integrated, then one of the organic substance is removed by melting, thus producing fine and long filaments of the organic substance easily. CONSTITUTION:An organic substance of high viscosity in an extruder A such as nylon 6 and another organic substance of low viscosity such as acrylonitrile- styrene copolymer B are kneaded and the resultant dispersion is passed through a plurality of microholes by a hydraulic pressure, e.g., by means of a ram extruder at a low rate of plunger movement. After passage of the microholes, the organic substance B is integrated and taken out of the outlet of the extruder as a rod. Then, the rod is treated with a solvent for the organic substance B to remove the substance B and obtain fine filaments of the substance A.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing fine, thin and long fibers.

Conventionally, as a method for obtaining thin fibers, I! # Kosho 44-
Nine different methods have been proposed, including the method of dissolving and removing the i component of seabird-type composite fibers as disclosed in Publication No. 183tS9, but these methods require cumbersome improvements to the extruder nozzle, and long fibers cannot be obtained. There was a problem that

Therefore, the present invention was made with the aim of easily obtaining thin and long fibers, and a macro dispersion of organic substance A in a high viscosity state and organic substance B in a low viscosity state in an extruder is heated by hydrostatic pressure. Ultrafine fibers of organic substance A are produced by passing the organic substance B through multiple micropores by mechanical force, integrating the organic substance B after passing through the valley micropores, taking it out into a rod-shaped body from the extruder opening, and dissolving and removing the organic substance B in the rod-shaped body. The gist is the manufacturing method.

The organic substances A and H used in the present invention are as follows.

Polyamide (nylon 6, nylon 12, nylon 66
, nylon 610. polymethaxylene adipamide, etc.)
, polyolefins (polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.), polyesters (polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, etc.), polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyacrylonitrile, acrylonitrile styrene copolymer, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer, polyurethane, polyvinyl alcohol, Examples include polyvinyl acetate, copolymers thereof, paraffin wax, etc., or combinations of two or more, but as a combination of organic substance A and organic substance B, they are not compatible with each other, and under the same conditions, Organic substance B must be selected to have a lower viscosity. Therefore, for organic substance B, one with a lower melting point is used, or the viscosity is lowered by using a plasticizer or solvent, but the low (high) viscosity state here refers to the flow when a constant pressure is applied. It means and tastes the state of ease, and is strictly "viscosity".
It may also be accompanied by other characteristics.

Organic substance A and organic substance B used in an appropriate ratio are kneaded together with other additives such as a plasticizer used as necessary to form a single dispersion. On this occasion.

You can also mix organic substance A and BK additives in advance. It is preferable that the organic substance A phase of the dispersion is as large as possible, and moderate or sufficient kneading in the case of general extrusion molding of mixed resins becomes excessive kneading in the present invention. However, there are many methods of crosstalk. For example, there is a triblend of commercially available pellets, a method in which a lump of organic material A is placed in organic material B as a dispersion medium and stirred, and another method in which stirring is performed using a power stirrer, with appropriate heating as required.

When forcing the dispersion through the micropores, the force must be substantially hydrostatic. Therefore, it is preferable to use a ram type extruder, and when a screw set is used, it is necessary to slow down the rotational speed of the screw. In other words, in the case of a set of screws, it varies depending on the type and state of the organic substances A and H and the structure of the extruder, so the range cannot be determined generally, but it is preferably less than 100 when producing ordinary fibers. The goal is to get the rotation speed down to the corner level. In the case of a set of screws, reducing the number of rotations of the screws in this way also prevents excessive crosstalk.

Further, it is preferable that the plurality of micropores are arranged perpendicularly to the overall flow of the two dispersions,
On the other hand, it is never preferable to pass the dispersion through multiple micropores provided on the peripheral wall of a cylindrical body, as this may generate a force in the direction of cutting the organic matter A+B when the dispersion passes through the micropores. This is because the fibers obtained become short. Note that the micropores determine the thickness of the fiber to be lijed. It is at least one factor, and as the name suggests, for example, 100 pm or 1
The pores are small, such as 0 pm (of course, they can be larger or smaller). 2 Usually, a very large number of micropores are present. 1 For example, a mesh is used, but there are other It may be custom-made.

=5- When passing through the micropore, organic matter A passes through the center of the pore, organic matter B passes through the pore wall, and comes out in a form where organic matter A is covered with organic matter B. Further, while organic substance B passes through any micropore, organic substance A selectively passes through the micropore that it has started passing through. Of course, this does not mean that organic substance A passes only through the only micropore, but this tendency exists. When other conditions are kept the same, the number of micropores through which the organic substance A passes is influenced by the flow rate of the dispersion. In other words, the faster the flow rate, the faster the moving speed of the micro-lunger, or the rotational speed of the screw in the case of a set of screws, will help increase the length of the fibers obtained. Beans.

After passing through the micropores, it further passes through a breaker plate, etc., which is used as needed, and exits from the extruder opening after reaching the desired diameter. The resulting rod-like material is stretched as appropriate, and the obtained rod-like material is treated with a solvent of organic substance B to obtain thin and long fibers of organic substance A.

<Example> Using nylon 12 (purchased from Nippon Rilsan ■, said to be kneaded with 40 weight parts of activator) and 7-acrylonitrile styrene copolymer (purchased by Asahi Dow ■, product code: 676) did. (Usage ratio (weight ratio) is before @
:*Consideration=80:20, 70:30, 60:40.

All results were good. ) The former was in the form of approximately flakes, and the latter in the form of cylinders.The two products were first triblended, and unnecessary water was removed by drying at 80° C. for 12 hours, and the mixture was placed in the hopper of a single-screw extruder. The extruder used was an L/D426 rapid compression type (for nylon) screw (pitch: 40 m!l,
Distance between valley of measuring part and inner wall of sleeve: 2m)
The inner diameter of the sleeve is 40 m. The temperature of the sleeve is oriented from the hopper to the head attached to the tip of the sleeve, and the recorder readings are 145°C at a point of about λ, 220°C at a point of (), and 233°C at a point where it should be, and It has an approximately funnel-shaped inner wall surface with a solid angle of about 200, and the part corresponding to the funnel tube is L-shaped and directed toward the ground.The diameter of the opening at the tip is 1211.
23 at the point of contact with the head (i.e., the point of sound)
The temperature was set at 6°C.

At the tip of the sleeve, that is, at the contact point with the head.

Approximately 0.5 tan thick with two 30 mesh holes
The thickness of 200 mesh is approximately 0. I m disk bodies (the above three parts are manufactured by Akubonomesche Co., Ltd. and the product name is Hi-Screen) were made into a sandwich shape, and the rotational speed of the screw was set to 3.4 rpm/min.

The material coming out of the opening at the end of the header was left to fall under its own weight to form a rod-shaped body. (Depending on the setting of the cooling tank, rod-shaped bodies were obtained with diameters of 28 and 1011, and the results were good in both cases.) In order to use them as test pieces, the rod-shaped bodies were
Cut into 1 Jl length, and use acrylonitrile styrene copolymer solvent (trichlorethylene was used, but other chlorinated solvents, ester solvents such as acetate,
Nylon 1 such as ketone solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone
Anything that does not dissolve 2 may be used. ) to remove the acrylonitrile styrene copolymer, then wash with methanol solution.

After drying, a bundle of multiple fibers of nylon 12 was obtained. It was found that substantially all of the fibers obtained were 40 mm, thereby providing a bundle of fibers with a length of at least 40 u.

As explained above, the present invention not only allows easy production of thin and long fibers and can be effectively used in textiles, but also provides a filter for air bacteria, which is currently unavoidably expensive.

9- It is extremely useful for microfilter materials including kidney dialysis filters, and also improves the bending strength of composite materials.
It can be widely used in various industrial materials in various fields, such as wear resistance improving materials.

This has a great effect.

Patent applicant: Bentel Co., Ltd. 10-

Claims (1)

[Claims] A macro-dispersion of the organic material (1) in a high viscosity state and the organic matter (0) in a low viscosity state in the extrusion mold is passed through multiple micropores by hydrostatic force, and the organic matter (2) after passing through each micropore is integrated. A method for producing ultrafine organic fibers for the first time by removing the organic matter (6) from the rod-like body by dissolving and removing it from the rod-like body.