JPS584110B2 - Jinzoukegawa no seizouhouhou - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing natural fur-like artificial fur by varying the length of the constituent pile fibers and eliminating crimp in the long pile fibers.

Natural fur, especially high-quality animal fur, is made up of thick, uncurved bristles (long hair) and thin, flexible downy hair (short hair), which greatly contributes to its functionality such as heat retention, as well as its appearance, texture, and feel. This is well known.

In response to this, various types of artificial fur have been developed, but at present they are far from natural fur, especially in terms of texture, feel, etc.

Artificial fur is generally manufactured using seal weave or sliver knit, and consideration is given to blending various fibers, fibers with different deniers, fibers with different shrinkage properties, etc. to give the effect of bristles or downy hair. However, due to changes in the pile length of bristles and downy hair, and the difficulty of measuring the disappearance of crimps in bristles, it is necessary to incorporate a complicated process, but even with this, sufficient effects cannot be obtained. There were many cases.

Therefore, the present inventors have arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive research aimed at reproducing the form of bristles and downy hair, which are important features of natural fur.

That is, in the present invention, two types of fibers with different latent drawability are blended and then formed into a web. After the fibers are entangled with each other by light needling, the fibers are heated through a heating box, and the tip is continuously deepened again with a sagittal needle. A method for rationally manufacturing artificial fur that resembles natural fur and has different pile lengths and non-crimped bristles by performing needling during penetration to simultaneously break and de-crimp the fibers. I ended up inventing it.

The present invention will be described in detail below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.
Various fibers such as thermoplastic fibers can be used as the fibers used in the present invention, and preferably acrylic fibers, polyester fibers, nylon fibers, polypropylene fibers, etc. can be used alone or in combination.

Generally, in the production of synthetic fibers, the spinning process is followed by a drawing operation to impart toughness to the fibers.

However, undrawn fibers have the potential to be drawn.
Generally, this possible stretching amount is defined using expressions such as maximum stretching ratio.

In the present invention, one important component is the use of two types of fibers having different latent drawability.

As for how to impart this latent drawability, a method suitable for each fiber should be selected, but here, polyester fibers and acrylic fibers will be specifically explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 as examples.

Figure 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the strength and elongation of polyester fibers, where A is an undrawn fiber that has not been drawn after spinning, D is a normal polyester fiber that has been drawn under appropriate conditions, and B is a diagram showing the relationship between strength and elongation of polyester fibers. , C are fibers with a slightly lower degree of stretching than D.

Note that a, b, c, and d in the figure indicate the potential drawability of each fiber.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between strength and elongation for acrylic fibers.

Note that for acrylic fibers, an annealing process is essential after spinning and drawing, and this completes the fiber structure, but by considering the annealing conditions or polymer composition, the deformation behavior of the fiber can be changed, and the latent drawing process can be changed. It becomes possible to obtain fibers with different abilities.

In Figure 2, E is a fiber that has been subjected to normal spinning and annealing under light conditions after drawing, F is a fiber that has been subjected to a strong annealing process, and G is a polymer that has a high copolymerization content as a starting polymer. The figure shows fibers that have been subjected to strength annealing treatment after spinning and drawing, and the drawing shows their elongation curves.

In addition, e, f, and g in FIG. 2 are the length stretchability corresponding to each fiber.

The above-mentioned two types of fibers having different potential drawability are each subjected to mechanical crimping, cut into appropriate lengths, and then fed to a carding process to form a web.

In this case, the difference in potential drawability is 40 to 250%, and fibers with low drawability are thin, preferably 1 to 4 deniers, giving a strong crimp shape, and fibers with high drawability are thick, preferably It is desirable that the material has a denier of 30 to 60 deniers and is lightly crimped.

In addition, when blending both fibers, by blending the thin fibers and thick fibers at a weight ratio of about 75:25 or 60:40, the texture of the final product can be made even closer to that of natural fur. .

The web formed through the carding process has a basis weight of 300.
It is adjusted so that the weight is about 1000 g/m, and then it is transferred to the needling process.

Of course, the web may be divided and a predetermined basis weight may be obtained by combining needling and web lamination.

The web sent to the needling process is first lightly needled 2 to 3 times from the front and back alternately with an ordinary barbed needle to entangle the fibers with each other.

In this case, it is desirable that the penetration be shallow and the implantation density be about 300 to 600 lines/in<2>.

Subsequently, the fibers are simultaneously broken and crimped by deep penetration finishing needling using a needle with an arrow-shaped tip to form a raised fabric.

It is desirable to heat-treat the non-woven fabric prior to finishing needling with a sagittal needle, in order to improve operability and to remove crimping, and the finishing needling is performed continuously by passing it through a normal tunnel-type heating box.

In this case, for polyester fibers, the temperature of the heating box should be 120~
Maintaining the temperature at 140°C, or about 130 to 150°C in the case of acrylic fibers, brings about effective fiber breakage and de-crimping.

By subjecting the thus obtained raised fabric to finishing treatments in the order of brushing, polishing, and shearing, it became possible to obtain artificial fur that resembles natural fur.

FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the obtained artificial fur, in which 1 is a prickly-like pile made of thick fibers with a large potential drawability, 2 is a lanugo-like pile made of thin fibers with a low potential drawability, 3 is a part where both fibers are entangled.

Although the fibers used in the present invention may be undrawn fibers, generally slightly drawn fibers are easier to handle.

Further, the two types of fibers having different latent drawability may be either the same type of fiber or different type of fiber, but the same type of fiber has better operability.

Furthermore, breaking and decrimping the fibers at the same time means that the breaking and stretching are done by needling.

The present invention will be further explained in detail below using the following specific examples.

Example 1 Polyacrylonitrile consisting of 92.5% of acrylonitrile and 7.5% of vinyl acetate was spun and stretched by a wet method, and the vapor pressure was 1.5kg/cm2, 2.5kg/cm2,
Raw cotton IV shown in Table 1 was prepared by treatment at 3.0 kg/cm2.

I (75%)/II using raw cotton ■ to V in Table 1
(25%), III (100%), IV (75%)/V
(25%) and I (75%)/V (2s%), carded webs were prepared, and the webs were laminated to form webs of 600 g/m2.

Next, this web was needled under the conditions shown in Table 2 to obtain eight types of raised fabrics.

Next, a latex made of acrylic resin was coated on the back side of the eight kinds of raised fabrics at a rate of 40 g/mδ (adhesion), and then finishing treatments were performed in the order of brushing, polishing, and shearing.

The changes in pile length, presence or absence of crimping, texture, etc. of the artificial fur obtained as described above were examined, and the results shown in Table 3 were obtained.

As a result of the above, sample No. Although there was a change in the pile length for No. 4, no crimping was observed in the long hair, and as a whole, it was possible to obtain artificial fur with a texture and feel similar to natural fur.

Example 2 Spinning and drawing was carried out so that the strong Kerr elongation curves of the fibers became B and D in FIG. 1 to obtain polyester fibers of 45 d and 2 d, respectively.

Next, both fibers were mechanically crimped to a length of 76 mm.
A carded web was created by cutting the raw cotton into 38 mm and blending the two raw cottons at a ratio of 70:30, and layering the web to make a 450 g/d web. A raised fabric was obtained by the same operation.

Front needling needle: Ordinary barbed needle driving density: 200 needles/in2 Driving depth: 12mm Number of driving: 2 times on the front and back Temperature of heating box: 120℃ Finishing 21 needle driving needle: Driving a sagittal tip needle Density: 300 pieces/in2 Depth of driving = 25 mm The resulting raised fabric was subjected to finishing treatments in the order of brushing, polishing, and shearing to obtain artificial fur.

Next, we measured the length of the long hair and short hair of this fur, and found that it was 1
The lengths were 8 mm and 10 mm, and the long hair had no crimp at all, and artificial fur similar to natural fur was obtained.

Especially strong - the elongation curve is 2d, 45d like D in Figure 1
Artificial fur was manufactured using the same process using polyester fibers as raw cotton, but the pile length could not be changed, the crimping was not sufficient, and a good texture could not be obtained. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the potential drawability of polyester fibers, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the potential drawability of acrylic fibers, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of artificial fur obtained by the method of the present invention. Explanation of the main parts of the figure, 1... Prickly hair-like pile, 2...
Downy pile, 3...the entangled part of both fibers.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 After blending two types of fibers with different latent drawability, a web is formed, and after the fibers are entangled with each other by light needling, or after further heat treatment, needling is performed with deep penetration using a sagittal tip needle. A method for producing artificial fur characterized by simultaneously breaking fibers and decrimping them.