JPS5838797A - Lubricant agent for normal temperature formation and method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to the cold forming of ferrous and non-ferrous metals such as steel, stainless steel, steel and aluminum, and has traditionally been used to develop drying methods for harsh cold forming operations. The present invention relates to film lubricant compositions and methods.

For cold extrusion, drawing or forming of metal parts, the part may be prepared by applying a Km# zinc coating to the part and then applying a dry film lubricant or a reactive 1g11# agent next to its phosphoric acid bend, lead breakage. The general public is angry. Dry film conditioners are products containing soap and sand as the main ingredients. These lubricants can be used from aqueous solution to high temperature (1
40'F (up to boiling point)) and then dried.

Dry film conditioners are generally used for mild molding.

A reactive stearate fI4 lubricant is also applied in the water solution. These consist of the S-tops of sodium stearate and are controlled in such a way that they react with the zinc oxides to form stearin #Iam within the crystal lattice of the coating. This provides a tightly bonded lubricant system that is sufficient for many severe cold extrusion applications.

Both lubricant systems offer the benefit of a dry*hard film that is not easily physically removed from metal surfaces. Also,
This results in a clean and complete working environment. This is because oil tends to flow from the treated parts and across the work area.

However, there are some severe cold forming applications in which neither system will function properly. In such cases, the use of additional a-lubricants (such as molybdenum disulfide) or additional process steps are required, both of which result in additional costs.

For reactive stearate lubricants, an attempt was made to provide a lubricant system for severe cold forming using additives including mica pigments, axillary dispersants, sulfurized oleic acid, and phosphate esters. It was done.

Mica pigments were added to improve the ability of the lubricant to function properly in harsh cold forming processes. However, it has been found that in manufacturing environments the lubricant systems do not work satisfactorily due to bulk settling from the coating bath.
The use of the Kaheru system was then abandoned.

In this paper, it was found that certain severe cold molding applications can be accomplished without the need for pigments, thus eliminating the need for phosphate prepots in some applications.

According to the present invention, fatty acid alkali metal soaps such as alkali metal stearates, sulfurized fatty acids, chlorinated fatty acids,
Phos7, a polyoxyethylene-based nonionic surfactant
A bath lubricant composition is provided comprising an aqueous, pigment-free bath containing a compound selected from the group consisting of ate esters and mixtures thereof and a violet base providing a free fatty acid content of between about ±10. be done.

Also, dry, pigment-free combinations of fatty acid alkali metal soaps and compounds selected from the group consisting of chlorinated fatty acids, polyoxyethylene phosphate ester-based nonionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof. A method for cold forming metals is provided which comprises applying a coating to a metal surface to form a dry hard coating and then extruding said metal through a die.

In addition, metal billet) K, ## zinc coating at * commonly used, the above 1111fi lead, alkali metal stearate, fi''u# sulfide, chlorinated fatty acid, polyoxyethylene base nonionic surface activator. Applying a second pigment coating with a compound selected from phospho7ate esters and mixtures thereof to form a zinc soap with the zinc phosphate and then applying it to a die. A method of cold forming a metal is provided that includes extruding a billet.

Furthermore, the m# zinc coating is coated with a compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal stearates, sulfurized fatty acids, chlorinated fatty acids, phos7ate esters of polyoxyethylene-based nonionic surface active agents, and mixtures thereof. A dry film lubricant system is provided which is formed by reacting a pigment-free lubricant film with a dry pigment-free lubricant film.

The IA lubricant system and method of the present invention is suitable for severe cold forming operations, such as those in forming metal parts where reductions of 55 or more are required. The metal parts are immersed in a heated water aII4 lubricant bath for several minutes, dug out and dried to form a hard dry lubricant film. Optionally, the iron or a) 4/ft2 member is first coated with about 1500 to 4000/ft2 as usual.
It is equipped with a shunjou clam coating having a coating electrical capacity of . The component is then immersed for several minutes in a reactive surround agent bath of the present invention containing an alkali metal stearate. The zinc coating 61 reacts with the bath and forms a hard desiccant film on the component upon drying.

The lubricant bath of the present invention contains an alkali metal (Na) which forms a hard dry lubricant film upon drying.

Suitable soaps include K and Li) soaps having 12 to 2
I4 from fatty acids with 2 carbons and mixtures thereof
be done. Also included are additive compounds selected from the group consisting of sulfurized fatty acids, chlorinated fatty acids, phosphatate esters of polyoxyethylene-based nonionic Table 1fo activators, and mixtures thereof. Sulfurized and chlorinated fatty acids are
Acid Aya Kite - unsaturated B with 12 to 22 carbon atoms in the instep
Fatty acids and esters such as oleic acid, Lindell's,
When acids such as erucic acid, linoleic acid, and linoleic acid are reacted with the unsaturated compound in a pure or salt-like manner, lI4
be done. The term "basic and sulfurized fatty acids" used in this specification includes their esters.

Such materials are available as 1 sulfur base 1 and 1 chlorinated fatty compound 1 from Ferro Corporation's Keil Kencal Devijo, and are used in metals such as cutting oils, water-soluble columnar soaps, and drawing compounds. In processing applications [those extreme pressures 1llllff! Phosphate esters, which are commonly used as additives for Kfi bodies due to their properties, but not as additives for lubricants to form dry hard films as in the present invention, are useful as extreme pressure lubricants. ``CC is sold under the brand name ``Aatara'' from ``Corporation''.
These include phosphate groups on a polyethyleneoxy nonionic surfactant substrate. The nonionic surfactant substrate consists of hydrophobic polyoxyethylene.

In one aspect of the invention, the additive properties' IL-specific attributes are:
It is believed to have acid groups that can react with zinc 11I acid to form a water-insoluble zinc soap that is chemically bonded to the surface of the metal. The combination of these additives with stearate provides a uniquely lubricated dry film that enables cold extrusion of certain gold gsM. The molding temperature is reduced to 5.5 so that one part does not suffer thermal damage and the lubrication system avoids various other operational problems such as viscosity in the die.

Due to the temperature applied to the lubricant additive, the free acidity of the bath ensures that there is no reaction between the bath components and the zinc coating when using a salt reserve of M1. must be adjusted to. Adjustments are also used to control the viscosity of the bath. 1 free fatty acid 1 is within the range of ±to (
±15 is preferred.) by adding a base such as NaOH. Free fatty acids are 25
Column C is added by adding 100-190 blue 7 ethyl alcohol to a 0aJ Erlenmeyer flask and adding C5-phenolphthalein indicator. ulN)tl
- Drip. 1 of the lubricant bath with a pipette into this alcohol.
Add 1 portion of alcohol and bring to a boil. While hot, titrate with alcohol solution α1NNa (1) to a pink end point, and record the amount of NaOH used as 1 mm fatty acid point 1 (here, 11 = to point). If it is pink after boiling, titrate it with CLIN sulfuric acid until the pink color disappears.H2S
The amount of O4 used is 1 free alkali 1P (in this process, 1m-1
g alkaline point or to one point).

The amount of lubricant additives to be used depends on the application, but in general, the total weight of 1#II visiting acid soap and additives is 1
The additive amount may range from 1 to 50 parts by weight. Sufficient additive is used to provide the required lubrication for the given application. Additive amounts in excess of about 60 parts by weight may be −
The lubricant makes the coating soft.

The degree of fat solids may be in the range of about 2 to 10 weights - preferably 4 to 8 weights - of fat solids.

Pipette 20 to 18 liters of the sample into the bath.
Measured by placing in Babcock #1 bottle. Then add 25 parts of II sulfuric acid and shake the bottle until the fat separates. The volume of separated fat is measured at the scale neck of the bottle as fat solids.
! Boil the casing sample at 50-Aqueous H28 until readable.
Dilute with 0.04.

The bath of the present invention is formed and maintained by adding each component to hot water (1601 or higher) while mixing, otherwise the fatty acid moieties will separate.

The compositions and methods of the present invention are further illustrated by the following *jilifIK, but the invention is not limited thereto. Unless noted as 0%, parts are by IIL crease ratio.

fIi1-4 To be formed into a hose fitting by cold forward extrusion using four different lubrication baths - on the noble side of the billet,
ii! Formed a quality dry film lubricant. The billet was a barrel tube with a diameter of approximately 2 in. lta[ of the original dimensions of the billet
The wall thickness is approximately 1/810 with Ijimlin extending from the area of the wall.
The 11R billet was formed into a hose fitting by extrusion of 1111 million liters, reducing one end of the billet to form an area of up to 7 inches.

A lead coating is first formed on the billet and then the billet is bathed in a reactive lubricant (approximately 140 to
170° C.) for 5 minutes, removed and dried. The composition of the bath is shown in Table 1 below.

%-IQ Sodium stearate 220 220
160 160 oleic acid' 4
4 66 16 16 water
4000 4000 40Go
400ONaOH (son wt, z)
10 14 5 4 tatami x (
Base) 44@(yxa, :y-hov-john's Keil Keken Cal Division), sulfur 14%, active sulfur s%, 1oo'')' viscosity [2400SUS, 2
Viscosity at 10'P 200SUS, wt at 40"PK
jb/gal 8.4, N1175 77)
Antara LP-700” (GAF Corporation), phosphate group present on polyethyleneoxy nonionic surfactant substrate, water-soluble liquid, 25
1, g, -t20 at °C, water content (L511 (max), pH (10% in) 120) tS ~ 2.5, acid value 1
40-160, mound sad<maximum) The room-temperature molding operation to make the joint requires a severe reduction (approximately 50 whispers)
was included. Previous attempts to make S material using standard zinc phosphate coatings reacted with stearic acid and sodium 111 were unsuccessful in forming the parts. The modified drying film was successful, but it resulted in excessive heat generation and caused many operational problems due to its 1 kffi nature. It appears that each of the compositions listed in Table IA1 can be successfully collapsed at moderately low temperatures (at least 10 F), and the compositions of Examples S and 4 provide excellent results. be.

A 400 steel billet was coated using the composition of Example 4 to make s5 deep drawn steel. The billet is cleaned in a caustic solution, rinsed with water, dried and placed in a lubricant bath for 175~
It was soaked for about 5 minutes at a temperature of 180'F, then it was removed from the bath and allowed to dry.

The bath had a total fat form Iil content of 7-9 and a free fatty acid content of about α5. Billet) K4 bullets were successfully made by performing room-temperature molding operations. In this case, cleaning, a-ring, and lubricant application were performed between each molding operation. The pass rate is 945-, which is slightly higher than a normal table.

Previously, this method used phosphorus-reactive oils that were cumbersome to use and were irritating to the skin.

Example 6 The composition of Example 4 was used to coat an aluminum billet to make a fire extinguisher barrel by bond extrusion. The aluminum billets were first purified in alkali Vat, rinsed with water, etched with alkali and rinsed with water. - bath concentration of trout fat solids and about 16
The lubricant composition of Example 4 was coated at a temperature of 8 to 180''F and dried. The remaining billets were coated with the lubricant without grooves of zinc phosphate. It was observed that reaction between the lubricant and the aluminum surface occurred even in the absence of a primer. Both groups of billets were successfully extruded. Fouling occurred, but was resolved by adjusting the bath concentration and lowering the coating thickness from K. The method previously used to form the cylinders was zinc II acid primer and soap violet #. It included quaternary agents.

Thus, the method and composition of the present invention provides a non-oil-based, non-moisture-absorbing material that allows severe cold forming of parts without die sticking and without discoloration of 1m material due to excessive temperature build-up. Provides a dry, hard and lubricant yarn. This lubricant thread is extremely effective, as exemplified above, in some harsh applications. The use of 12 salt Yorun 4j1 Enoki can be eliminated, which reduces the possibility of stopping the Kyotsu7 process and lubricant die 1;

658

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Alkali metal soap of fatty acids, sulfurized fatty acids, chlorinated fatty acids, polyoxyethylene base non-ionic table Wi
An aqueous, pigment-free lubricant containing an additive compound selected from the group consisting of a phos7ate ester of a rIi sex agent and a mixture thereof, and having a free fatty acid concentration of approximately ±tO point. Composition. (2) Additive is additive and fatty acid soap 1 weight 100
%FF1111 is present in about 1 to 30 parts by weight of the composition of claim 1. (3) The composition according to paragraph 1, wherein the bath has a total fat solids content of about 1 to 30 parts by weight. (4) The fatty acid soap has a total fat solids content of about 1 to 30 parts by weight.
Bamboo 1' made from fatty acids and their mixtures
F111 request range i, composition of lji bandit-〇(5)
5. The composition of claim 4, wherein the fatty acid soap is an alkali metal stearate. (6) The composition according to claim 5, wherein the alkali metal stearate is sodium stearate and the additive is olein sulfide. (7) The composition according to item 1, comprising a phos7ate ester of a polyoxyethylene-based non-ionic/molecular surface cleansing agent. (It consists of #R zinc fractured side on 81 steel or aluminum, and the coating is a base material of stearic acid, alkali metal, sulfurized fatty acid, chlorinated fatty acid, polyoxyethylene. 4. A dry film lubricant system which is reacted with a compound selected from the group consisting of sulfate esters and mixtures thereof to form a desiccated, heir-free lubricant film. (9) Applying a coating of zinc phosphate to the steel or aluminum billet, adding alkali metal stearate, chlorinated fatty acids, chlorinated fatty acids,
Polyoxyethylene-based non-ionic coating uI] Applying a second pigment-free*a containing an additive selected from the group consisting of phos7ate esters of active agents and mixtures thereof [containing zinc soap] A cold forming method for steel or aluminum comprising forming a dry lubricant-free film and then forming the billet using a die. ■ Nvj# alkali metal soap, mild sulfurized fat, and chlorinated fat EBm from an aqueous bath on a metal billet. Phos7, a polyoxyethylene-based nonionic surfactant
A pigment-free coating comprising an additive selected from the group consisting of ester esters and mixtures thereof is applied to form a dried JIL-free detergent film, and then a die is used to form the billet. A conventional method of forming metals that involves forming.