JPS5838473B2 - Hydrogen cracker - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is an improvement of a hydrogen cracking apparatus for producing hydrocarbons by cracking heavy trade oil, tar, coal, etc. as raw materials, and aims to improve the cracking efficiency.

The present invention is characterized by applying electric discharge and using hydrogenation by electric discharge, including a tank kept airtight, a pump for evacuating and decompressing the inside of the tank, a discharge electrode inserted in the tank, and a discharge electrode. A discharge power source that supplies direct current, alternating current, high frequency, or a superimposed discharge pressure, and a device that supplies a medium such as water or steam into the tank are provided, and the raw material and medium are supplied into the depressurized tank, The raw material is decomposed by generating hydrogen ions by discharging the discharge electrode in the medium.

The following will be explained with reference to an embodiment of the drawings. 1 is a tank;
The inside is kept airtight, and an exhaust pump 2 is provided at the upper end to easily exhaust the internal pressure to about 0.5 to 10 Torr.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a discharge electrode inserted into the tank from the upper end, and a high voltage discharge voltage is supplied from a terminal 4 to this electrode.

Although a discharge source connected to the terminal 4 is not shown, a power supply that supplies a direct current, an alternating current, a high frequency, or a discharge voltage that is a combination of these is used.

5 is a pipe for supplying the raw material, and 6 is the raw material supplied inside the tank.

As the raw material 6, heavy oil 2 petroleum fractionation residue, tar, coal, etc. are used, and these alone or a mixture thereof, especially high heavy oil 2 coal, or a mixture thereof is supplied as a slurry.

7 is the discharge pipe installed at the bottom of the tank. 8 is a water and steam supply pipe provided in the middle of the tank, 9 is an oxygen and air supply pipe, and 10 is a catalyst supply pipe.

Although not shown, a heating furnace for heating the tank 1 and the internal raw materials is required for decomposition, but this is omitted.

Usually, a tank 1 is inserted into a heating furnace.

Hydrogen gas, hydrogen decomposed by water vapor, etc. that rise to the top of the tank during processing are further charged and ionized by the discharge, and fly in the electric field formed from the tip of the discharge electrode 3 toward the grounded raw material 6. Then, it collides with the raw material 6 while being accelerated at high speed, and hydrogenation is performed.

The discharge at the tip of the discharge electrode 3 is mainly corona, glow, etc., and this generates a large amount of charged particles due to the charge of hydrogen molecules, etc., which accelerate and fly in the high-voltage electric field formed towards the raw material 6. A kind of ion wind is formed, and this high-speed ion wind collides with the raw material 6, so that a high hydrogenation effect is obtained and the decomposition efficiency is significantly increased.

According to an example, a mixture of coal and pitch, and also (NH4
) 5% of water mixed with 15% of 2ZnBr4 was mixed, and this was heated at 3,500V, 15% in a 1.5Torr treatment tank.
The treatment was performed by applying a 0W discharge.

A high frequency of 3 MHz was used as the discharge power source.

When treated for 35 minutes, 8% of heavy oil containing 4.6% of coal gas and sulfur was obtained, and the residue was combined coal.

Next, the obtained heavy oil is used as a raw material, which has a fat content of 12%.
A highly viscous crude oil containing
H4) Two pieces of 2 Z n CZ were mixed together and fed into a processing tank, and the whole was kept at about 100°C and decomposed.

The discharge during treatment was treated by adding direct current glow discharge, resulting in extremely high efficiency decomposition.

The overall decomposition efficiency was 9 KWH/m8, which is extremely high efficiency with less electricity used compared to 14 KWH/m'' of the conventional heating furnace.

Decomposed hydrocarbons are CH4, C2H6, C3H8, C4H1o 18%
C5H128.8% C6H1462% Residue 11.2 excellent.

The catalysts include calcium aluminate, potassium aluminate,
Cacerium acid, chromium oxide, ammonia, etc. can be used.

As described above, in the present invention, hydrogen is added by applying discharge such as corona or glow to the raw material under reduced pressure and colliding with hydrogen ions, so the hydrogenation effect is large and the decomposition efficiency is extremely high for practical use. The target effect is strong.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawing is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a processing tank, 2 is an exhaust pump, 3 is a discharge electrode, 4 is a discharge source connection terminal, 5 is a raw material supply pipe, 6 is a raw material, 7
8 is a discharge pipe, 8 is a water/steam supply pipe, 9 is an oxygen supply pipe, and 10 is a catalyst supply pipe.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A tank that is kept airtight, a pump that evacuates and depressurizes the inside of the tank, a device that supplies a medium such as raw materials and water or water vapor into the fore-air tank that has been depressurized by the pump, and an inside of the tank. A discharge electrode is inserted into the reduced pressure air above the supply medium liquid surface, and hydrogen ions are generated by applying direct current, alternating current, high frequency, or a superimposed discharge voltage between the discharge electrode and the medium liquid. A hydrogen cracking device equipped with a discharge power source that generates electricity. 2. The hydrogen cracking apparatus according to claim 1, which is equipped with an apparatus for supplying heavy oil, petroleum fractionation residue, tar, coal, and other raw materials alone or in a mixture in the form of a slurry.